CN110971116A - Soft start circuit and soft start method of voltage source type inverter - Google Patents
Soft start circuit and soft start method of voltage source type inverter Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/505—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/515—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/517—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with special starting equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/505—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/515—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/521—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soft start circuit and a soft start method of a voltage source type inverter, which comprise a three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier respectively connected with a three-phase main power supply, an energy storage electrolytic capacitor connected with the output end of the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, a soft start alternating current contactor connected to any two phases of the three phases, a transformation rectifying circuit connected with the soft start alternating current contactor in series and connected with the energy storage electrolytic capacitor in parallel, and a digital control unit used for driving the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier and controlling the soft start alternating current contactor to be switched on and switched off. The invention has the advantages of no impact current, strong adaptability to the power grid, small harmonic content during soft start, high power factor and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inverters, in particular to a soft start circuit and a soft start method of a voltage source type inverter.
Background
Because the energy storage density of the capacitor is far greater than that of the inductor, the voltage source type inverter with the same capacity has smaller volume and weight than a current source type inverter; the current source inverter needs more power devices than the voltage source inverter, for example, the requirement can be met by connecting a full-control device (such as an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) and an MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor)) in series with a diode, and the on-state voltage drop of the diode is large; therefore, the voltage source type inverter has a wider application range than the current source type inverter.
In the prior art, the soft start circuit and the soft start method of the voltage source inverter are generally two types:
fig. 1 and 2 show a first technical scheme, in which a soft start circuit is mainly composed of a soft start resistor, a soft start switch (thyristor, contactor, etc.) connected in parallel with the soft start resistor, and a three-phase full-bridge diode rectifier, the soft start circuit is charged to a dc bus capacitor through the soft start current-limiting resistor and the diode rectifier before starting in this manner, when the voltage value of the bus capacitor reaches a certain threshold, the soft start switch is switched on to bypass the soft start resistor, and in this manner, at the moment of switching on the soft start switch, a large impulse current is generated in a main circuit loop, which may seriously affect the normal service life of a power device.
FIG. 3 is a third technical solution, which mainly includes a three-phase full-bridge controllable rectifier and a phase sequence detection circuit to form a soft start circuit, in which a capacitor is slowly charged by changing a trigger angle of a thyristor during the soft start period until a voltage value of the capacitor reaches a rated value; the phase sequence detection circuit has high detection precision only under the condition that the voltage waveform of a power grid is good, and in a use environment with severe voltage waveform of the power grid, the low detection precision of the phase sequence can cause the thyristor trigger angle to be out of control, so that the thyristor soft start fails. The soft start failure can cause a large impact current in the main loop, seriously affects the normal use of the thyristor and can generate serious electromagnetic interference to influence the operation of other equipment in the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a soft start circuit and a soft start method of a voltage source type inverter, which are used for solving the problem of instantaneous large impact current of a soft start switch during switching on and the technical problem that a phase sequence detection circuit is required to have high requirement on the voltage quality of a power grid because the voltage in an energy storage capacitor is slowly increased in a thyristor controllable rectification mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a soft start circuit of a voltage source type inverter comprises a three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier connected with a three-phase main power supply respectively, an energy storage electrolytic capacitor connected with the output end of the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, a soft start alternating current contactor connected to any two phases of the three phases, a transformation rectifying circuit connected with the soft start alternating current contactor in series and connected with the energy storage electrolytic capacitor in parallel, and a digital control unit used for driving the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier and controlling the disconnection and the connection of the soft start alternating current contactor.
Preferably, the transformation rectification circuit comprises a step-up transformer, a soft start current limiting resistor and a single-phase full bridge diode rectifier;
the output end of the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier is respectively connected with the two ends of the energy storage electrolytic capacitor, and the input end of the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier is connected with the secondary side of the boosting transformer through the soft-start current limiting resistor;
the primary side of the booster transformer is connected with the two-phase output of the soft start alternating current contactor.
Preferably, the digital control unit is further configured to sample a two-phase line voltage effective value of the three-phase incoming line main power supply and a direct-current bus voltage average value output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier; and when the average value of the voltage of the direct current bus is larger than a certain threshold value, the digital control unit controls to disconnect the soft start alternating current contactor and simultaneously sends out six continuous pulse strings to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier.
Preferably, the certain threshold condition is: the average value of the direct current bus voltage is larger than the preset multiple of the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the main power supply of the three-phase incoming line.
Preferably, the digital control unit is further configured to send out six pulse trains to drive the thyristors of the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, so as to control only one thyristor of each of the common anode and the common cathode to be turned on at any one time.
Preferably, the soft start ac contactor includes two sets of contacts, and one end of each of the two sets of contacts is connected to phase line a and phase line B, or phase line a and phase line C, or phase line B and phase line C of the three phases, respectively.
The invention also provides a soft start method of the soft start circuit of the voltage source type inverter, which comprises the following steps:
the digital control unit firstly controls the soft start AC contactor to be actuated, and the two-phase line voltage of the main power supply charges the energy storage electrolytic capacitor through the soft start AC contactor, the step-up transformer, the soft start current limiting resistor and the single-phase diode rectifier; the digital control unit also samples the effective value of any two-phase line voltage of the main power supply and the average value of the direct-current bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier through two voltage sensors;
when the average value of the DC bus voltage is larger than a certain threshold value, the digital control unit controls to disconnect the soft start AC contactor and simultaneously sends out six continuous pulse strings to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier.
Preferably, when the digital control unit sends out six continuous pulse trains to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, the common anode and the common cathode are controlled to be respectively conducted by only one thyristor at any time according to the conduction condition of the thyristors.
Preferably, the certain threshold condition is: the average value of the direct current bus voltage is larger than the preset multiple of the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the main power supply of the three-phase incoming line.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the soft start circuit and the soft start method of the voltage source type inverter not only avoid the problem of instantaneous large impact current of the soft start switch closing, but also slowly increase the voltage in the energy storage capacitor in a thyristor controllable rectification mode, so that a phase sequence detection circuit is not needed, and the adaptability to the power grid quality is very strong; after the soft start is finished, a full-wave rectification mode of a thyristor is adopted, and the harmonic content of an incoming line power supply is low and the power factor is high.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soft start circuit of a first voltage source inverter according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a soft start circuit of a second prior art voltage source inverter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a soft start circuit of a third prior art voltage source inverter;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a soft start circuit of a voltage source inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a soft start method of a voltage source inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a pulse train waveform for a thyristor drive.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims, and the technical features in the following embodiments can be combined with each other, and the embodiments are only examples and do not limit the reasonable combination of the technical features.
Referring to fig. 4, the soft start circuit of the voltage source inverter of the present invention includes a three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier connected to a three-phase main power supply, and an energy storage electrolytic capacitor connected to an output end of the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, and further includes a soft start ac contactor connected to two phases of the three phases, a transformer rectifier circuit connected in series to the soft start ac contactor and connected in parallel to the energy storage electrolytic capacitor, and a digital control unit for driving the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier and controlling the soft start ac contactor to be turned on and off.
In this embodiment, the transformer rectifier circuit preferably includes a step-up transformer, a soft-start current-limiting resistor, and a single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier shown in fig. 4; the output end of the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier is respectively connected with the two ends of the energy storage electrolytic capacitor, and the input end of the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier is connected with the secondary side of the boosting transformer through the soft-start current limiting resistor; the primary side of the booster transformer is connected with the two-phase output of the soft start alternating current contactor. In this embodiment, the soft-start ac contactor includes two sets of contacts, one end of each of the two sets of contacts is connected to the phase line a and the phase line B of the three phases, respectively, and the contacts 1 and 3 of the ac contactor in fig. 4 are connected to the phase line a and the phase line B of the three-phase incoming line main power supply.
In this embodiment, the transformation ratio of the primary side and the secondary side of the step-up transformer is 1: 1.5, the rated input voltage of the primary side of the booster transformer is AC 380V.
Furthermore, the digital control unit is also used for sampling the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the three-phase incoming line main power supply and the average value of the direct current bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier through two corresponding voltage sensors, and the sampling result is input into the digital control unit.
When the voltage source type inverter works, before the voltage source type inverter is started, the digital control unit firstly attracts the soft-start alternating current contactor KM1, the main incoming line power supply (phase line A and phase line B) charges the energy storage electrolytic capacitor through the soft-start alternating current contactor KM1, the step-up transformer, the soft-start current limiting resistor and the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier, and when the voltage value of the energy storage electrolytic capacitor is larger than a certain threshold value condition (for example, when the average value of the direct current bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier is larger than 1.35 times the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the; when the digital control unit detects that the average value of the voltage of the direct current bus is larger than the threshold value, the soft-start alternating current contactor KM1 is controlled to be switched off, and six continuous pulse strings are sent out to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier so as to control the common anode and the common cathode to be respectively connected with only one thyristor at any moment. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4, in the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, the bases of the thyristors 1 to 6 are all connected to the digital control unit, and the digital control unit sends conduction signals to the thyristors 1 to 6 to control the conduction of only one thyristor at any time for each of the common anode and the common cathode. In this embodiment, the digital control unit may be a main controller of an MCU with a single chip microcomputer, STM32, a DSP, an FPGA, or a CPLD as a core, and combines a necessary switching value output circuit and an analog value sampling circuit, all using commercially available elements.
Referring to fig. 5, the present invention further provides a soft start method of the soft start circuit of the voltage source inverter, including the following steps:
initializing a system, wherein the initialized system is in a state of waiting for a starting instruction;
when the digital control unit receives a starting instruction, the digital control unit firstly controls the soft start alternating current contactor to suck, and A, B line voltage of a main power supply charges the energy storage electrolytic capacitor through the soft start alternating current contactor, the boosting transformer, the soft start current limiting resistor and the single-phase diode rectifier;
the digital control unit also samples the effective value of the line voltage of the main power supply A, B and the average value of the direct-current bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier through two voltage sensors; when the voltage value of the energy storage electrolytic capacitor is larger than a certain threshold condition (for example, when the average value of the direct current bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier is larger than 1.35 times of the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the three-phase incoming line main power supply), the digital control unit controls to turn off the soft-start alternating current contactor and simultaneously sends out six continuous pulse strings to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier (for example, a pulse string waveform driven by one thyristor shown in fig. 6), and only one thyristor is controlled to be turned on at any moment by the common anode and the common cathode according to the turn-on condition of the thyristors.
In conclusion, the soft start alternating current contactor is arranged in the voltage transformation rectifying circuit, so that the problem of instantaneous large impact current of the soft start switch during switching on is solved, and the voltage in the energy storage capacitor is slowly increased in a thyristor controllable rectifying mode, so that a phase sequence detection circuit is not needed, and the adaptability to the quality of a power grid is very strong; after the soft start is finished, a full-wave rectification mode of a thyristor is adopted, and the harmonic content of the incoming line power supply is low and the power factor is high.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a soft start circuit of voltage source type dc-to-ac converter, its characterized in that includes the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier who is connected with the three-phase main power supply respectively to and the energy storage electrolytic capacitor who is connected with three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier output, still including connect in three phase arbitrary two-phase on soft start ac contactor, with soft start ac contactor series connection and with the parallelly connected vary voltage rectifier circuit of energy storage electrolytic capacitor and be used for the drive three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier controls disconnection, the closed digital control unit of soft start ac contactor.
2. The soft-start circuit of a voltage source inverter according to claim 1, wherein the transformer rectification circuit comprises a step-up transformer, a soft-start current-limiting resistor and a single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier;
the output end of the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier is respectively connected with the two ends of the energy storage electrolytic capacitor, and the input end of the single-phase full-bridge diode rectifier is connected with the secondary side of the boosting transformer through the soft start current limiting resistor;
and the primary side of the boosting transformer is connected with the two-phase output of the soft start alternating current contactor.
3. The soft start circuit of the voltage source inverter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital control unit is further configured to sample the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the three-phase incoming line main power source and the average value of the dc bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier; and when the average value of the voltage of the direct current bus is larger than a certain threshold value, the digital control unit controls to disconnect the soft start alternating current contactor and simultaneously sends out six continuous pulse strings to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier.
4. The soft-start circuit of a voltage source inverter according to claim 2, wherein the certain threshold condition is: the average value of the direct current bus voltage is larger than the preset multiple of the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the main power supply of the three-phase incoming line.
5. The soft-start circuit of a voltage source inverter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital control unit is further configured to send out six pulse trains to drive the thyristors of the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier, so as to control only one thyristor of each of the common anode and the common cathode to be turned on at any one time.
6. The soft-start circuit of a voltage source inverter according to claim 1, wherein the soft-start ac contactor comprises two sets of contacts, and one end of each of the two sets of contacts is connected to phase a and phase B, or phase a and phase C, or phase B and phase C of the three phases, respectively.
7. A soft start method of a soft start circuit of a voltage source inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
the digital control unit firstly controls the soft start AC contactor to be actuated, and the two-phase line voltage soft start AC contactor, the step-up transformer, the soft start current limiting resistor and the single-phase diode rectifier of the main power supply charge the energy storage electrolytic capacitor; the digital control unit also samples the effective value of any two-phase line voltage of the main power supply and the average value of the direct-current bus voltage output by the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier through two voltage sensors;
when the average value of the voltage of the direct current bus is larger than a certain threshold value, the digital control unit controls to disconnect the soft start alternating current contactor and simultaneously sends out six continuous pulse strings to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier.
8. The soft-start method of the soft-start circuit of the voltage source inverter as claimed in claim 7, wherein the digital control unit controls the conduction of only one thyristor of the common anode and the common cathode at any time according to the conduction condition of the thyristors when the digital control unit sends out six continuous pulse trains to drive the three-phase full-bridge thyristor rectifier.
9. The soft-start method of the soft-start circuit of the voltage source inverter according to claim 7, wherein the certain threshold condition is: the average value of the direct current bus voltage is larger than the preset multiple of the effective value of the two-phase line voltage of the main power supply of the three-phase incoming line.
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| CN201911348689.6A CN110971116A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Soft start circuit and soft start method of voltage source type inverter |
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| CN201911348689.6A CN110971116A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Soft start circuit and soft start method of voltage source type inverter |
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| CN108199575A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-22 | 天津瑞能电气有限公司 | A kind of high-power converter soft starting circuit |
| CN108667282A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-10-16 | 天津瑞能电气有限公司 | A kind of exchange output filter capacitor inrush phenomenon inhibits topological circuit and suppressing method |
| CN209517540U (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-10-18 | 成都铁展科技有限公司 | Heating power supply suitable for medium frequency induction heater |
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Application publication date: 20200407 |