CN110932667B - Bipolar PID (proportion integration differentiation) repair device and photovoltaic system - Google Patents
Bipolar PID (proportion integration differentiation) repair device and photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
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Abstract
The application discloses a bipolar PID repair device and a photovoltaic system. The input end of an alternating current power taking circuit of the device is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the alternating current power taking circuit is connected with the input end of a bidirectional rectifying circuit and used for taking power from the alternating current power grid and transmitting the taken alternating current to the bidirectional rectifying circuit. The bidirectional rectifying circuit rectifies alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit into direct current under the control of the controller. The capacitor is connected in parallel between the first end and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit; the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is connected with the negative pole or the positive pole of the photovoltaic unit, and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is grounded. When the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the ground in the positive direction, the controller controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output a positive voltage; when the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the negative direction of the ground, the bidirectional rectifying circuit is controlled to output a negative voltage. The device can switch the lifting voltage to meet the requirements of different types of photovoltaic units, and the compatibility of a photovoltaic system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a bipolar PID repair device and a photovoltaic system.
Background
In order to reduce the cost of the photovoltaic system and increase the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic system, the voltage configuration of the photovoltaic unit of the photovoltaic system is higher and higher, and a high-voltage photovoltaic system (for example, a 1500V high-voltage photovoltaic system) gradually becomes the mainstream of the market.
However, the increase of the voltage of the photovoltaic system may cause the photovoltaic unit to bear a higher positive bias or negative bias to the ground, and particularly under special conditions such as high temperature and high humidity, a photovoltaic module included in the photovoltaic unit may have a severe PID (Potential Induced Degradation) effect, which may cause an open-circuit voltage, a short-circuit current, a fill factor of the photovoltaic unit to decrease, and the like, so that the power generation amount of the photovoltaic system gradually decreases.
In order to repair the PID effect, a high-frequency switching power supply is generally adopted to forward raise the negative electrode PV-to-ground potential of the photovoltaic unit, so that the PID effect of the photovoltaic unit is repaired.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a bipolar PID prosthetic devices and photovoltaic system, can carry out nimble switching in order to satisfy the demand of different grade type photovoltaic unit to the lifting voltage, has promoted the compatibility to photovoltaic system.
The application provides a bipolar PID prosthetic devices, includes: the alternating current power taking circuit comprises an alternating current power taking circuit, a bidirectional rectifying circuit, a capacitor and a controller;
the input end of the alternating current power taking circuit is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the alternating current power taking circuit is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the alternating current power taking circuit is used for taking power from an alternating current power grid and transmitting the taken alternating current to the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit into direct current under the control of the controller;
the capacitor is connected in parallel between the first end and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is connected with the negative electrode or the positive electrode of the photovoltaic unit, and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is grounded;
the controller is used for controlling the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output a positive voltage when the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the ground in the positive direction; and when the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the negative direction of the ground, the bidirectional rectifying circuit is controlled to output a negative voltage.
Optionally, the bidirectional rectifying circuit includes two parallel-connected bridge arms, the two bridge arms are connected in parallel with the capacitor, and each bridge arm includes the following two series-connected half-bridge arms: an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm;
each of the half-bridge arms includes: a bidirectional rectifying unit;
the bidirectional rectifying unit is used for enabling positive or negative current to pass through;
and the common point of the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm is the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit.
Optionally, the bidirectional rectifying unit includes: two controllable switching tubes which are reversely connected in series and are provided with anti-parallel diodes.
Optionally, the bidirectional rectifying unit includes: two branches;
each branch comprises a diode and a controllable switching tube which are connected in series;
the two branches are used for passing positive and negative currents respectively.
Optionally, the method further includes: a switch protection circuit and a current limiting resistor;
the switch protection circuit is connected between the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit and the photovoltaic unit;
the switch protection circuit is used for connecting or disconnecting the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit with the photovoltaic unit and preventing the current of the photovoltaic unit from flowing back to the device;
the current limiting resistor is connected between the second end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit and the ground.
Optionally, the switch protection circuit includes: two controllable switching tubes which are connected in series and are provided with anti-parallel diodes;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the switch protection circuit includes:
a controllable switch tube.
Optionally, the ac power supply circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first transformer, a first resistor and a starting switch;
the primary winding of the first transformer is connected with the alternating current power grid, and the first resistor is connected with the primary winding of the first transformer in series; the starting switch is connected in parallel to two ends of the first resistor;
the secondary winding of the first transformer is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
and the controller is used for controlling the starting switch to be closed after the excitation of the first transformer is finished.
Optionally, the ac power supply circuit includes: the high-frequency pulse generator comprises a rectification conversion unit, a high-frequency pulse generating circuit and a second transformer;
the rectification conversion unit is used for rectifying alternating current of the alternating current power grid into direct current;
the high-frequency pulse generating circuit is used for converting the direct current rectified by the rectifying and converting unit into bidirectional pulse voltage under the control of the controller and inputting the bidirectional pulse voltage into a primary winding of the second transformer;
and the secondary winding of the second transformer is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit.
Optionally, the high-frequency pulse generating circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first switch tube and a second switch tube;
the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in series and then connected to the output end of the rectification conversion unit;
the first switching tube and the second switching tube are connected in series and then connected to the output end of the rectification conversion unit;
the common end of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the primary winding of the second transformer;
and the common end of the first capacitor and the second capacitor is connected with the second end of the primary winding of the second transformer.
The present application further provides a photovoltaic system with a bipolar PID repair device, comprising: the photovoltaic unit and the inverter also comprise the bipolar PID repair device;
the positive electrode of the photovoltaic unit is connected with the positive input end of the inverter, and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic unit is connected with the negative input end of the inverter;
the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used as the first end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device, and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used as the second end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device;
the first end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the photovoltaic unit, and the second end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device is grounded.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following advantages that:
the prosthetic device includes: alternating current power taking circuit, bidirectional rectifying circuit, capacitor and controller. The alternating current power taking circuit takes power from an alternating current power grid and transmits the obtained alternating current to the bidirectional rectifying circuit. The bidirectional rectifying circuit rectifies alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit into positive or negative direct current under the control of the controller. When the photovoltaic unit needs to be raised to the ground in a forward direction, namely when the photovoltaic system adopts a P-type photovoltaic unit, the controller controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output a positive voltage so as to realize PID repair of the P-type photovoltaic unit. When the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the ground in a negative direction, namely when the photovoltaic system adopts an N-type photovoltaic unit, the controller controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output the negative voltage so as to realize PID repair of the N-type photovoltaic unit. To sum up, this prosthetic devices can carry out the demand of nimble switching in order to satisfy different grade type photovoltaic unit to the lifting voltage, can realize promptly that the PID to P type photovoltaic unit and N type photovoltaic unit restores, has consequently promoted the compatibility to photovoltaic system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar PID repair apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional rectifying unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of another bidirectional rectifying unit provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2c is a schematic diagram of another bidirectional rectifying unit provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another bipolar PID repair apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an operation mode of the bipolar PID repair device shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another operation mode of the bipolar PID repair device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another bipolar PID repair apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an operation mode of the bipolar PID repair device shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another operation mode of the bipolar PID repair device corresponding to FIG. 6;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
At present, in order to inhibit or repair the PID effect, in order to repair the PID effect, a high-frequency switching power supply is generally adopted to forward raise a negative electrode PV-to-ground potential of a photovoltaic module, so as to repair the PID effect of the photovoltaic module.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide a bipolar PID repair device and a photovoltaic system, which can automatically perform a boost voltage switching according to a type of a photovoltaic unit, and implement output of a positive voltage or a negative voltage to ground, so that the PID effects of a P-type photovoltaic unit and an N-type photovoltaic unit can be repaired compatibly.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present application are used for convenience of description only and do not limit the present application.
The first embodiment of the device:
the embodiment of the present application provides a bipolar PID repairing apparatus, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a schematic diagram of a bipolar PID repairing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The operating principle of the photovoltaic system is first explained below, illustrating the photovoltaic system comprising a photovoltaic unit 10 and an inverter 11.
In the figure, the input end of the inverter 11 is connected to one photovoltaic unit 10, but in practical application, a plurality of photovoltaic units 10 may also be connected to increase the power generation amount, and the plurality of photovoltaic units 10 may form a photovoltaic array, and a single photovoltaic unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application may include one photovoltaic module, or may be formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series and parallel, for example, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series to form a photovoltaic string, and then a plurality of photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel to form a photovoltaic unit. The specific number of photovoltaic modules is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual voltage configuration needs.
The inverter 11 converts the dc power input from the photovoltaic unit 10 into ac power and inputs the ac power to the ac grid 13, and the structure of the inverter 11 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
The bipolar PID repair device 100 includes: an ac power supply circuit 101, a bidirectional rectifying circuit 102, a capacitor (not shown), and a controller 103.
The input end of the alternating current power taking circuit 101 is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the alternating current power taking circuit 101 is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102;
the ac power supply circuit 101 supplies power from the ac power grid 13 and supplies the supplied ac power to the bidirectional rectifier circuit 102. Because the power can be directly obtained from the alternating current power grid 13, the bipolar PID repair device 100 does not need to be provided with a direct current source, the structure of the device is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
The bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 rectifies the alternating current supplied from the alternating current power supply circuit 101 into direct current under the control of the controller 103.
The capacitor is connected in parallel between the first terminal and the second terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102. The first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 is connected with the negative pole or the positive pole of the photovoltaic unit, and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 is grounded.
Photovoltaic cells used in practical photovoltaic systems can be classified as either P-type or N-type photovoltaic cells. When the PID effect is repaired, the directions of ground potential lifting required by the two types of photovoltaic units are different, the P type photovoltaic unit needs to be lifted by positive voltage to the ground, and the N type photovoltaic unit needs to be lifted by negative voltage to the ground.
The bipolar PID repair apparatus 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly applied to a photovoltaic system using the above two photovoltaic units, which is specifically described below.
When the photovoltaic system adopts a P-type photovoltaic unit, the photovoltaic unit needs to raise voltage to the ground in a forward direction, at this time, after the controller 103 controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 to rectify the alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit 101 into forward direct current, the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 outputs positive voltage at this time, so that PID repair is realized.
When the photovoltaic system adopts an N-type photovoltaic unit, the photovoltaic unit needs to raise voltage to the negative ground, and at this time, after the controller 103 controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 to rectify the alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit 101 into negative direct current, the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 outputs negative voltage at this time, so as to realize PID repair.
It should be noted that the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 may apply an output positive voltage or a negative voltage between the dc terminal of the photovoltaic unit and the ground, and specifically, the dc voltage output by the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 may act on the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the photovoltaic unit, i.e., one end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 is connected to PV + or PV-. In FIG. 1, the output terminal of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 is connected to PV.
In addition, the other output terminal of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 is grounded through a current limiting resistor Rs.
To sum up, when the photovoltaic unit needs to be raised to the ground forward, that is, when the photovoltaic system adopts a P-type photovoltaic unit, the controller of the repair device controls the bidirectional rectification circuit to output a positive voltage, so as to realize PID repair of the P-type photovoltaic unit. When the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the ground in a negative direction, namely when the photovoltaic system adopts an N-type photovoltaic unit, the controller controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output the negative voltage so as to realize PID repair of the N-type photovoltaic unit. Therefore, the lifting voltage can be flexibly switched to meet the requirements of different types of photovoltaic units, and the compatibility of a photovoltaic system is improved.
The working principle of the bipolar PID repairing device is explained below with reference to the specific structure of the ac power-taking circuit and the bidirectional rectifying circuit.
The bidirectional rectifying circuit in the embodiment of the present application may specifically be implemented by including two bridge arms connected in parallel, where the capacitor is connected in parallel with the two bridge arms, each bridge arm includes an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm connected in series, and each half bridge arm includes a bidirectional rectifying unit. And the common point of the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm is the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit.
The bidirectional rectifying unit is used for enabling positive and negative currents to pass through. The following description will specifically take a half-bridge arm bidirectional rectifying unit as an example.
Referring to fig. 2a, the figure is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional rectifying unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
In a first possible implementation, the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a includes two controllable switching tubes connected in series, each with an anti-parallel diode. Referring to the connection mode, the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are connected in a back-to-back mode.
When Q2 is on and Q1 is off, current may flow through the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a via Q2 and D1 in that order; when Q2 is turned off and Q1 is turned on, current can flow through the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a from opposite directions through Q1 and D2 in turn, and thus positive or negative current passing can be achieved.
The controllable switching tube body in this implementation may be: an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), a Metal Oxide Semiconductor field Effect Transistor (MOSFET, hereinafter referred to as MOS Transistor), a SiC MOSFET (Silicon Carbide MOSFET), and the like, and embodiments of the present invention are not particularly limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 2b, the figure is a schematic diagram of another bidirectional rectifying unit provided in the embodiment of the present application.
In a second possible implementation, the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a includes two branches, each branch includes a diode and a controllable switching tube connected in series, and the connection directions of the diodes in the two branches are opposite.
When S2 is turned on and S1 is turned off, current may flow through the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a sequentially through S2 and D1; when S2 is turned off and S1 is turned on, a current may flow through the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a from the opposite direction through S1 and D2 in order, and thus a positive or negative current flow can be achieved.
The switch in this implementation may be the above-mentioned controllable switch tube, and may also be a relay or other controllable switch device.
Referring to fig. 2c, the figure is a schematic diagram of another bidirectional rectifying unit provided in the embodiment of the present application.
In a third possible implementation, the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a includes two branches, each branch including a diode and a controllable switching tube connected in series. Referring to the connection mode shown in the figure, the connection directions of the diodes and the controllable switch tubes in the two branches are opposite.
When Q2 is on and Q1 is off, current may flow through the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a via Q2 and D1 in that order; when Q2 is turned off and Q1 is turned on, current can flow through the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a from opposite directions through Q1 and D2 in turn, and thus positive or negative current passing can be achieved.
The implementation manner shown in fig. 2a applied to the bidirectional rectifying unit of the bipolar PID repairing apparatus is described as an example, and it can be understood that the working principle when the implementation manner shown in fig. 2b and 2Cde1 is applied to the bidirectional rectifying unit is similar, and the embodiment of the present application is not described herein again.
The second device embodiment:
referring to fig. 3, the figure is a schematic diagram of another bipolar PID repairing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application.
This prosthetic devices's alternating current gets circuit 101 includes: a first transformer 101a, a first resistor R1 and a start switch S0.
The primary winding of the first transformer 101a is connected to an ac power grid, the first resistor R1 is connected in series with the primary winding of the first transformer 101a, and the start switch S0 is connected in parallel to two ends of the first resistor R0. The first resistor R1 is used to protect the circuit when the first transformer 101a is excited.
The secondary winding of the first transformer 101a is connected to the input of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102.
The controller 103 can control the start switch S0 to close after the first transformer 101a is excited, and short-circuit the R1 to reduce loss.
The bidirectional rectifying circuit 102 includes four illustrated bidirectional rectifying units 102a1-102a4, one end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 is connected in series with one end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2, and the series connection point is connected with one end of the secondary winding of the first transformer 101 a; one end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 is connected in series with one end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4, and the series connection point is connected to the other end of the secondary winding of the first transformer 101 a. The other ends of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 and the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 are simultaneously connected to one end (point a) of a capacitor C1, and the other ends of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2 and the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4 are simultaneously connected to the other end (point B) of a capacitor C1.
One end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the switch protection circuit 104 in series and then connected with the input end of the inverter PV +, or the input end of the inverter PV-, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the current limiting resistor Rs in series and then grounded. The current limiting resistor Rs is used to limit current to protect the circuit.
The switch protection circuit 104 in the embodiment of the present application includes two controllable switch tubes connected in series and each having an anti-parallel diode. The switch protection circuit 104 can connect or disconnect the output of the bidirectional rectifying circuit to the photovoltaic module and prevent the current of the photovoltaic unit from flowing back to the device.
Specifically, the switch protection circuit 104 may adopt the same structure as the bidirectional rectifying unit, specifically refer to fig. 2a to 2c, and the embodiment of the present application is not described herein again.
The working principle of the bipolar PID repair device when a photovoltaic system employs a P-type photovoltaic unit is first explained below.
Referring to fig. 4, the diagram is a schematic diagram of an operation mode of the bipolar PID repairing apparatus shown in fig. 3.
When the photovoltaic system adopts a P-type photovoltaic unit, the controller 103 of the repair device controls the controllable switching tubes Q1, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9 to be kept on, controls the controllable switching tubes Q2, Q4, Q6, Q8 and Q10 to be kept off, and closes the switch S0 after the excitation of the transformer is finished so as to reduce the loss.
During the positive half cycle of the grid, Q1 and D2 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 and Q7 and D8 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4 conduct, and the secondary winding of the first transformer 101a positively charges the capacitor C1 (with the potential at point a positive with respect to point B).
During the negative half cycle of the grid, Q5 and D6 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2 and Q3 and D4 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 conduct, and the secondary winding of the first transformer 101a charges the capacitor C1 positively.
The forward voltage of the capacitor C1 is applied between the PV + input terminal (or input PV-input terminal) of the inverter to ground through the controllable switch tube Q9 and the diode D10 of the switch protection circuit 104, and the P-type photovoltaic unit of the photovoltaic system is forward voltage biased to realize PID repair.
The working principle of the bipolar PID repair device when the photovoltaic system employs an N-type photovoltaic cell is explained below.
Referring to fig. 5, the diagram is a schematic diagram of another operation mode of the bipolar PID repair device shown in fig. 3.
When the photovoltaic system adopts an N-type photovoltaic unit, the controller 103 of the repair device controls the controllable switching tubes Q2, Q4, Q6, Q8 and Q10 to be kept on, controls the controllable switching tubes Q1, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9 to be kept off, and controls the switch S0 to be closed after the excitation of the transformer is finished so as to reduce the loss.
During the positive half cycle of the grid, Q6 and D5 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2 and Q4 and D3 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 conduct, and the secondary winding of the first transformer 101a charges the capacitor C1 in the reverse direction (with the potential at point a being positive with respect to point B).
During the negative half cycle of the grid, Q2 and D1 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 and Q8 and D7 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4 conduct, and the secondary winding of the first transformer 101a reversely charges the capacitor C1.
The reverse voltage of the capacitor C1 is applied between the PV + input end (or PV-input end) of the inverter to ground through the controllable switch tube Q10 and the diode D9 of the switch protection circuit 103, so as to perform negative voltage bias on the N-type photovoltaic unit of the photovoltaic system, thereby realizing PID repair.
In summary, with the bipolar PID repair device provided in the embodiment of the present application, switching of the output to ground boost voltage, that is, outputting a positive boost voltage to ground or outputting a negative boost voltage to ground, can be realized by controlling the controllable switch tube in the bidirectional rectification circuit through the controller according to the type of the photovoltaic unit used by the photovoltaic system, so that PID repair can be performed on the P-type photovoltaic unit and the N-type photovoltaic unit, and compatibility of the photovoltaic system is improved.
The third device embodiment:
the embodiment of the present application provides another bipolar PID repair device, which adopts a different implementation manner from the ac power supply circuit of the bipolar PID repair device provided in the second device embodiment, which is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 6, the figure is a schematic diagram of another bipolar PID repairing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application.
This prosthetic devices's alternating current gets circuit 101 includes: a rectification transformation unit 101b1, a high-frequency pulse generation circuit 101b2 and a second transformer 101b 3.
The rectifying and converting unit 101b1 rectifies the ac power of the ac power grid into dc power, and sends the dc power to the high-frequency pulse generating circuit 101b 2.
The high-frequency pulse generating circuit 101b2 can convert the dc power rectified by the rectifying and converting unit 101b1 into a bidirectional pulse voltage under the control of the controller 103, and input the bidirectional pulse voltage to the primary winding of the second transformer 101b 3.
The secondary winding of the second transformer 101b3 is connected to the input of the bidirectional rectifying circuit 102.
A specific implementation of the high-frequency pulse generating circuit 101b2 is explained below.
The high-frequency pulse generating circuit 101b2 in the embodiment of the present application specifically includes: a first capacitor Cx, a second capacitor Cy, a first switch tube T1 and a second switch tube T2.
The first capacitor Cx and the second capacitor Cy are connected in series and then connected to the output end of the rectifying/converting unit 101b 1.
The first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2 are connected in series and then connected to the output end of the rectification transformation unit 101b1, and the connection directions of the first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2 are the same.
The common terminal of the first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2 is connected to the first terminal of the primary winding of the second transformer 101b 3.
The common terminal of the first capacitor Cx and the second capacitor Cy is connected to the second terminal of the primary winding of the second transformer 101b 3.
In this embodiment, the high frequency pulse generating circuit 101b2 cooperates with the second transformer 101b3 to generate a bidirectional high frequency pulse voltage on the secondary side.
One end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 is connected in series with one end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2, and the series connection point is connected with one end of the secondary winding of the second transformer 101b 3. One end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 is connected in series with one end of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4, and the series connection point is connected to the other end of the secondary winding of the second transformer 101b 3.
The other ends of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 and the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 are simultaneously connected to one end (point a) of a capacitor C1, and the other ends of the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2 and the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4 are simultaneously connected to the other end (point B) of a capacitor C1.
One end of the capacitor C1 is connected in series with the switch protection circuit 104 and then connected with the PV + input end or the PV-input end of the inverter, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected in series with the current limiting resistor Rs and then connected with the ground. The current limiting resistor Rs is used to limit current to protect the circuit.
For a detailed description of the switch protection circuit 104, reference may be made to the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
After the rectifying and converting unit 101b1 converts the alternating current into the direct current and sends the direct current to the post-stage circuit, the controller 103 gates the corresponding four bidirectional rectifying switch units and the switch tubes in the switch protection circuit according to the type of the photovoltaic unit used by the photovoltaic system, and then the controller 103 controls the feedback control according to the actually sampled output voltage of the bipolar PID repair device and the target boost voltage, and adjusts the duty ratios of T1 and T2. Because the four bidirectional rectifier switch units and the switch protection circuit can change the rectifier paths through control, the positive or negative bias voltage output to the ground can be realized according to the requirement of target boost voltage, and further the PID repair is carried out on the photovoltaic unit.
The working principle of the bipolar PID repair device when a photovoltaic system employs a P-type photovoltaic unit is first explained below.
Referring to fig. 7, the diagram is a schematic diagram of an operation mode of the bipolar PID repairing apparatus shown in fig. 6.
When the photovoltaic system adopts a P-type photovoltaic unit, the controller 103 of the repairing device controls the controllable switching tubes Q1, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9 to be kept on, and controls the controllable switching tubes Q2, Q4, Q6, Q8 and Q10 to be kept off. The controller 103 then performs feedback control to adjust the duty cycles of T1 and T2 according to the actually sampled output voltage of the bipolar PID repair device and the target boost voltage (i.e., the voltage between A, B).
When T1 is turned on and T2 is turned off, the primary side of the second transformer 101B3 generates a forward pulse voltage, Q1 and D2 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a1 and Q7 and D8 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a4 are turned on, and the secondary winding of the second transformer 101B3 charges the capacitor C1 in a forward direction (the potential at point a is positive with respect to the potential at point B).
When T1 is turned off and T2 is turned on, the primary side of the second transformer 101b3 generates a negative-going pulse voltage, Q5 and D6 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2 and Q3 and D4 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 are turned on, and the secondary winding of the second transformer 101b3 charges the capacitor C1 positively.
The forward voltage of the capacitor C1 is applied between the PV + input terminal (or PV-input terminal) of the inverter of the photovoltaic system and the ground after passing through the controllable switch tube Q9 and the diode D10 of the switch protection circuit 104, so as to bias the P-type photovoltaic unit of the photovoltaic system with the forward voltage, thereby implementing PID repair.
The working principle of the bipolar PID repair device when the photovoltaic system employs an N-type photovoltaic cell is explained below.
Referring to fig. 8, the diagram is a schematic diagram of another operation mode of the bipolar PID repair device shown in fig. 6.
The controller 103 controls the controllable switching tubes Q2, Q4, Q6, Q8 and Q10 to be kept on, controls the controllable switching tubes Q1, Q3, Q5, Q7 and Q9 to be kept off, and then the controller 103 performs feedback control according to the actually sampled output voltage (namely the voltage between A, B) of the bipolar PID repairing device and the target lifting voltage to adjust the duty ratios of T1 and T2.
When T1 is turned on and T2 is turned off, the primary side of the second transformer 101B3 generates a forward pulse voltage, Q6 and D5 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a2 and Q4 and D3 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 102a3 are turned on, and the secondary winding of the second transformer 101B3 charges the capacitor C1 in a reverse direction (the potential at the point a is positive relative to the potential at the point B).
When T1 is turned off and T2 is turned on, the primary side of the second transformer 101b3 generates a negative pulse voltage, Q2 and D1 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 101a1 and Q8 and D7 in the bidirectional rectifying unit 101a4 are turned on, and the secondary winding of the second transformer 101b3 reversely charges the capacitor C1.
The reverse voltage of the capacitor C1 is applied between the PV + input end (or PV-input end) of the inverter of the photovoltaic system and the ground through the controllable switch tube Q10 and the diode D9 of the switch protection circuit 104, so as to perform negative voltage bias on the N-type photovoltaic unit of the photovoltaic system, thereby realizing PID repair.
In summary, with the bipolar PID repair device provided in the embodiment of the present application, switching of the output to ground boost voltage, that is, outputting a positive boost voltage to ground or outputting a negative boost voltage to ground, can be realized by controlling the controllable switch tube in the bidirectional rectification circuit through the controller according to the type of the photovoltaic unit used by the photovoltaic system, so that PID repair can be performed on the P-type photovoltaic unit and the N-type photovoltaic unit, and compatibility of the photovoltaic system is improved.
In addition, the voltage amplitude of the output ground uplifting voltage can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the duty ratio of a driving signal of a controllable switching tube of the high-frequency pulse generating circuit, so that PID repair can be more accurately carried out on the photovoltaic unit.
Photovoltaic system embodiment:
based on the bipolar PID repairing device provided in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a photovoltaic system using the bipolar PID repairing device, which is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 9, which is a schematic view of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of the present application
The photovoltaic system 900 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: photovoltaic unit 10, inverter 11, and bipolar PID repair device 100.
The positive pole of the photovoltaic unit 10 is connected to the positive input end of the inverter 11, and the negative pole of the photovoltaic unit 10 is connected to the negative input end of the inverter 11.
A first end of an output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used as a first end of an output end of the bipolar PID repair device 100, and a second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used as a second end of the output end of the bipolar PID repair device 100.
In the figure, an input end of an inverter 11 is connected to one photovoltaic unit 10 as an example, but in practical application, a plurality of photovoltaic units 10 may also be connected to increase power generation, and the plurality of photovoltaic units 10 may form a photovoltaic array, a single photovoltaic unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application may include one photovoltaic module, or may be formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules in series and parallel, for example, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series to form a photovoltaic string, and then connected in parallel to form a photovoltaic unit. The specific number of photovoltaic modules is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual voltage configuration needs.
The photovoltaic units applied in the photovoltaic system 900 may be classified as P-type photovoltaic units or N-type photovoltaic units, which is not specifically limited in this application embodiment. When the PID effect is repaired, the directions of ground potential lifting required by the two types of photovoltaic units are different, the P type photovoltaic unit needs to be lifted by positive voltage to the ground, and the N type photovoltaic unit needs to be lifted by negative voltage to the ground.
The output end of the bipolar PID repair device 100 is used for connecting the positive pole or the negative pole of the photovoltaic unit 10. The bipolar PID repair device 100 in the embodiment of the present application can adopt any one of the implementation manners described in the above device embodiments, and the embodiment of the present application is not described herein again.
In summary, the photovoltaic system provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a bipolar PID repairing apparatus, where the repairing apparatus includes: alternating current power taking circuit, bidirectional rectifying circuit, capacitor and controller. The alternating current power taking circuit takes power from an alternating current power grid, and the obtained alternating current is converted and then is transmitted to the bidirectional rectifying circuit. The bidirectional rectifying circuit rectifies alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit into positive or negative direct current under the control of the controller. When the photovoltaic unit needs to be raised to the ground in a forward direction, namely when the photovoltaic system adopts a P-type photovoltaic unit, the controller controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output a positive voltage so as to realize PID repair of the P-type photovoltaic unit. When the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the ground in a negative direction, namely when the photovoltaic system adopts an N-type photovoltaic unit, the controller controls the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output the negative voltage so as to realize PID repair of the N-type photovoltaic unit. Therefore, the repair device can flexibly switch the uplift voltage to meet the requirements of different types of photovoltaic units, namely PID repair of the P-type photovoltaic unit and the N-type photovoltaic unit can be realized.
When the repair device adopts the implementation manner described in the third device embodiment, the controller can also flexibly adjust the voltage amplitude of the output ground-to-ground boost voltage by adjusting the duty ratio of the driving signal of the controllable switching tube of the high-frequency pulse generation circuit, so that the PID repair can be more accurately performed on the photovoltaic unit.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, it is relatively simple to describe, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiment for relevant points. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units and modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. In addition, some or all of the units and modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present application and it is noted that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A bipolar PID repair device, comprising: the alternating current power taking circuit comprises an alternating current power taking circuit, a bidirectional rectifying circuit, a capacitor and a controller;
the input end of the alternating current power taking circuit is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the alternating current power taking circuit is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the alternating current power taking circuit is used for taking power from an alternating current power grid and transmitting the taken alternating current to the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating current transmitted by the alternating current power taking circuit into direct current under the control of the controller;
the capacitor is connected in parallel between the first end and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is connected with the negative electrode or the positive electrode of the photovoltaic unit, and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is grounded;
the controller is used for controlling the bidirectional rectifying circuit to output a positive voltage when the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the ground in the positive direction; when the photovoltaic unit needs to raise the voltage to the negative direction of the ground, the bidirectional rectifying circuit is controlled to output a negative voltage; the bidirectional rectifying circuit comprises two parallel bridge arms, the two bridge arms are connected with the capacitor in parallel, and each bridge arm comprises the following two series-connected half-bridge arms: an upper half bridge arm and a lower half bridge arm;
each of the half-bridge arms includes: a bidirectional rectifying unit;
the bidirectional rectifying unit is used for enabling positive or negative current to pass through;
the common point of the upper half bridge arm and the lower half bridge arm is the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
the bidirectional rectifying unit includes: two controllable switching tubes which are reversely connected in series and are provided with anti-parallel diodes;
the bidirectional rectifying unit includes: two branches;
each branch comprises a diode and a controllable switching tube which are connected in series;
the two branches are used for passing positive and negative currents respectively.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a switch protection circuit and a current limiting resistor;
the switch protection circuit is connected between the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit and the photovoltaic unit;
the switch protection circuit is used for connecting or disconnecting the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit with the photovoltaic unit and preventing the current of the photovoltaic unit from flowing back to the device;
the current limiting resistor is connected between the second end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit and the ground.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the switch protection circuit comprises: two controllable switching tubes which are connected in series and are provided with anti-parallel diodes;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the switch protection circuit includes:
a controllable switch tube.
4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the AC power supply circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a first transformer, a first resistor and a starting switch;
the primary winding of the first transformer is connected with the alternating current power grid, and the first resistor is connected with the primary winding of the first transformer in series; the starting switch is connected in parallel to two ends of the first resistor;
the secondary winding of the first transformer is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit;
and the controller is used for controlling the starting switch to be closed after the excitation of the first transformer is finished.
5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the AC power supply circuit comprises: the high-frequency pulse generator comprises a rectification conversion unit, a high-frequency pulse generating circuit and a second transformer;
the rectification conversion unit is used for rectifying alternating current of the alternating current power grid into direct current;
the high-frequency pulse generating circuit is used for converting the direct current rectified by the rectifying and converting unit into bidirectional pulse voltage under the control of the controller and inputting the bidirectional pulse voltage into a primary winding of the second transformer;
and the secondary winding of the second transformer is connected with the input end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the high-frequency pulse generating circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first switch tube and a second switch tube;
the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in series and then connected to the output end of the rectification conversion unit;
the first switching tube and the second switching tube are connected in series and then connected to the output end of the rectification conversion unit;
the common end of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the primary winding of the second transformer;
and the common end of the first capacitor and the second capacitor is connected with the second end of the primary winding of the second transformer.
7. A photovoltaic system with a bipolar PID repair device, comprising: photovoltaic unit, inverter still includes: the bipolar PID repair device of any one of claims 1 to 6;
the positive electrode of the photovoltaic unit is connected with the positive input end of the inverter, and the negative electrode of the photovoltaic unit is connected with the negative input end of the inverter;
the first end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used as the first end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device, and the second end of the output end of the bidirectional rectifying circuit is used as the second end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device;
the first end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the photovoltaic unit, and the second end of the output end of the bipolar PID repairing device is grounded.
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| CN111555340B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2023-10-31 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Bidirectional power supply circuit, PID repair device and photovoltaic system |
| CN115085263A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-09-20 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Inverter and photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN111800085A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-20 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic system PID effect repairing method and device and photovoltaic system |
| EP4246801A4 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-03-13 | Huawei Digital Power Tech Co Ltd | Photovoltaic system and power system |
| CN116232216A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-06-06 | 深圳市首航新能源股份有限公司 | PID repair circuit, inverter and photovoltaic system |
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