CN110729717B - Parallel traction compensation system for double full-bridge back-to-back converter - Google Patents
Parallel traction compensation system for double full-bridge back-to-back converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN110729717B CN110729717B CN201910878091.1A CN201910878091A CN110729717B CN 110729717 B CN110729717 B CN 110729717B CN 201910878091 A CN201910878091 A CN 201910878091A CN 110729717 B CN110729717 B CN 110729717B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M3/00—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
- H02M1/143—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using compensating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parallel traction compensation system of a double full-bridge back-to-back converter, which comprises a traction transformer, wherein the primary side of the traction transformer is connected with a three-phase high-voltage power grid, and the secondary side of the traction transformer is connected with left and right traction feeder lines; the head ends of the left and right traction feeder lines respectively pass through a left and right circuit breaker S L 、S R With left and right coupled transformers T L 、T R Primary side is connected with a coupling transformer T L 、T R And a plurality of secondary windings are respectively arranged, and each set of windings is respectively connected with a set of converters with double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structures. The current transformer with the double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure comprises two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back current transformers and four three-terminal reactors; each three-terminal reactor is formed by connecting two coupling coils in series in an in-phase manner, two ends of each three-terminal reactor after the three-terminal reactors are connected with the middle points of bridge arms on the same side of the two single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters respectively, and the serial connection points are connected with the secondary sides of the coupling transformers on the same side. The invention meets the high-capacity compensation requirement through a parallel structure and solves the problem of direct-current voltage fluctuation by utilizing the interaction between the single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrified railway traction power supply and power quality problem control thereof, in particular to a parallel traction compensation system of a double full-bridge back-to-back converter.
Background
As a typical high-capacity single-phase nonlinear load, electric locomotives can cause numerous power quality problems during operation. On the one hand, the traction power supply system adopts single-phase power supply, and in the process of realizing the transformation power supply from a three-phase high-voltage power grid to a 27.5kV traction grid through a traction transformer, the asymmetry of high-voltage three-phase current is inevitably caused, the unbalance of three-phase voltage is aggravated, and the normal operation of other power loads and equipment around a traction substation is influenced. This effect is extremely severe for a traction network accessing a small capacity power system. On the other hand, the large number of operations of the electric locomotive can bring serious harmonic pollution to the electric system, and the problem is particularly remarkable in the traditional AC-DC electric locomotive. At the same time, ac-dc electric locomotives also absorb a significant amount of reactive power, thereby increasing the voltage drop and power loss of the traction lines. Although the AC-DC-AC electric locomotive adopts PWM rectification technology, the load current distortion condition of the locomotive is effectively improved, and unit power factor operation can be basically realized. However, for a traction system powered by an unbalanced transformer, even if an on-load ac-dc-ac electric locomotive is provided, a large amount of reactive current components exist on the primary side of the traction system, which causes a large amount of unnecessary energy loss and reduces the traction power supply voltage level.
Currently, the primary side of a traction transformer is commonly connected to a high-voltage power grid in a phase sequence rotation mode, so that traction loads are uniformly distributed among three phases as much as possible, and the total negative sequence current injected into the power grid by a traction power supply system is reduced. However, since the locomotive has a large randomness in operation and frequent power changes, the phase sequence rotation strategy has a very limited effect. Because the balanced traction transformer has better negative sequence inhibition capability, the balanced traction transformer has wider application in traction power supply systems. However, considering that the negative sequence suppression effect of the balance transformer is related to the load condition, and compared with the unbalanced transformer, the balance transformer has higher cost and lower capacity utilization rate, and has no compensation function for harmonic waves and reactive power, the comprehensive benefit obtained by using the balance transformer is not good.
The use of additional compensation devices is currently the dominant solution to address the power quality problem in traction power systems. From the simplest tuning filter and fixed capacitor, to the thyristor controlled reactive compensator, to the active filter, reactive generator, power flow controller and other devices composed of fully controlled power electronics, which are currently under extensive research, all the way is developing towards more effective, comprehensive and advanced directions. Taking the current railway static power regulator which is particularly hot as an example, theoretically, the railway static power regulator can achieve harmonic wave filtering, reactive compensation and negative sequence control at the same time, and has good comprehensive control performance. However, currently, there are some key problems to be solved in the research and popularization of the railway static power regulator. First, a large capacity compensation topology. At present, although the railway static power regulator has low cost, along with the development and the enlargement of a traction power supply system and the development and the maturation of a novel switching device, the large capacity will become an objective requirement for the development of a traction compensation device. A single-phase multi-winding coupling transformer or a converter with a switching device parallel structure is a common practice of the current high-capacity railway static power regulator. However, under the condition that the number of windings is certain, the parallel connection of the switching devices needs to consider the current sharing problem of the devices, and the stability and the reliability of the system are difficult to ensure. Secondly, the direct-current voltage fluctuation of the single-phase converter is restrained. At present, a railway static power regulator mainly depends on a strategy of adding a secondary tuning branch in a direct current link to inhibit direct current ripple, and the strategy not only occupies extra area, but also is not adjustable in structural machinery, and the dynamic performance cannot be ensured. Therefore, in order to solve the complicated and changeable electric energy quality problem in the traction power supply system and meet the actual demand of continuous and rapid development of the electrified railway, the exploration of the high-capacity traction compensation system with certain engineering application value and higher cost performance has great theoretical and practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a double full-bridge back-to-back converter parallel traction compensation system which can effectively increase the compensation capacity for treating the traction power quality problem and can realize the active suppression of the direct-current ripple of the single-phase back-to-back converter through the action of a switching device.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
parallel traction compensation for double full-bridge back-to-back converterThe system comprises a traction transformer, a left breaker S and a right breaker S L And S is R Left-right coupling transformer T L And T R A converter with a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure; the primary side winding of the traction transformer is connected with a three-phase high-voltage power grid, and the secondary side winding is respectively connected with left and right traction feeder lines to form a basic traction power supply system; the head ends of the left and right traction feeder lines respectively pass through a left and right circuit breaker S L 、S R And left-right coupling transformer T L 、T R Is connected with the primary winding of the left-right coupling transformer T L 、T R And a plurality of secondary side windings are respectively arranged, and each set of windings is respectively connected with the left side and the right side of a set of converter with a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure.
Further, the converter with the double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure comprises two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters and four three-terminal reactors.
Further, the single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converter is formed by two sets of H full-bridge converters through a common direct current link.
Further, the three-terminal reactor is formed by connecting two coupling coils in series in an in-phase manner, two ends of the three-terminal reactor after being connected in series serve as a first terminal and a second terminal of the three-terminal reactor, and a series point serves as a third terminal of the three-terminal reactor.
Further, the first terminal and the second terminal are respectively connected with the middle points of bridge arms on the same side of two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters in the double-full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure converters, and the third terminal is used as an output terminal on one side of the double-full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure converter to be connected with a secondary side winding of the coupling transformer.
Further, the two H full-bridge converters on the same side of the two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters realize the power quality compensation of the traction power supply system by outputting the same current according to the compensation instruction, and the direct-current ripple suppression instruction is overlapped in the compensation instruction to output reverse current (circulation) in an overlapped manner, so that the dynamic real-time suppression of the direct-current ripple of the system is realized while the power quality problem is compensated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The traction compensation system is universally applicable to various traction transformer power supply occasions, can be taken out of operation under the condition of faults, cannot cause adverse effects on power supply of the traction system, and has higher reliability and safety.
(2) The current transformer with the double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure is adopted as a solution of the large-capacity traction compensation system, so that on one hand, the current sharing problem caused by parallel connection of switching devices and the adverse effect on the system stability can be effectively overcome; on the other hand, the operating frequency of the equivalent switching device of the system can be increased, and the difficulty and cost for filtering the output current of the system are reduced.
(3) Different requirements on the connection reactor between the converter and the power supply and between the converter and the converter can be easily realized by fully utilizing the coupling mechanism in the three-terminal reactor, namely: the compensation power transmission is realized between the converter and the power supply, so that the coupling reactance between the converter and the power supply is not excessively large; uncontrollable fundamental wave circulation is restrained between the converters, so that coupling reactance between the converters is not too small. Meanwhile, since electromagnetic coupling exists between two reactors constituting the three-terminal reactor, the installation area is smaller than the installation area of two discrete connection reactors, and the system integration is improved.
(4) The internal loop formed by two H full bridges on the same side and two three-terminal reactors on the same side in the converter with the double full bridge back-to-back parallel structure is utilized to form flexible controllable current (power) for suppressing direct current ripple of the back-to-back converter. Compared with the scheme that a secondary tuning branch is connected in parallel at a direct-current capacitor for suppressing direct-current ripple, the method can effectively avoid the installation area and equipment and land cost required by the secondary tuning branch, eliminate the problems of parameter deviation and drift of the tuning branch and enhance the effect and capability of suppressing direct-current ripple; on the other hand, the flexible controllable current does not pass through the secondary side winding of the coupling transformer, and any adverse effect on the management of the electric energy quality problem is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a block diagram of a dual full-bridge back-to-back parallel configuration of the current transformer (shown as # n).
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a three-terminal reactor and its circuit diagram (L in #n n1R For example).
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-sided current loop of a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure converter (taking the right part of #n as an example).
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a current transformer compensation current output loop and its equivalent circuit.
Figure 6 is a diagram of the loop current circuit between the converters and its equivalent circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a parallel traction compensation system of a double full-bridge back-to-back converter, which comprises a traction transformer, a left breaker and a right breaker S L And S is R Left-right coupling transformer T L And T R Multiple sets of converters (# 1, …, # n) with double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structures; the primary side winding of the traction transformer is connected with a three-phase high-voltage power grid, and the secondary side winding is respectively connected with left and right traction feeder lines to form a basic traction power supply system; the head ends of the left and right traction feeder lines respectively pass through a left and right circuit breaker S L 、S R And left-right coupling transformer T L 、T R Is connected with the primary winding of the left-right coupling transformer T L 、T R And a plurality of secondary side windings are respectively arranged, and each set of windings is respectively connected with the left side and the right side of a set of converter with a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure. When the compensation system does not work or overhauls S L And S is R Disconnecting, and running the basic traction power supply system at the moment; when the compensation system works, S L And S is R And closing, and running the whole system.
The double-full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure converter comprises two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters and four three-terminal reactors. Since the converters with different double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structures have the same structure and parameters, the n-th set of converters #n with double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structures is taken as an example for explanation, and a specific structural block diagram of #n is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2: the single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converter is composed of two H full-bridge converters through a common direct current link; the three-terminal reactor is formed by connecting two coupling coils in series in an in-phase manner, and the specific structure and the equivalent circuit are shown in figure 3. As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the first and second terminals (1 and 2, see fig. 3) of the series structure of the three-terminal reactor are respectively turned on by two switches (e.g. S n1L And S is n2L ) The series point is used as a third terminal (3 is shown in figure 3) of the bridge arm midpoint of the same side of the two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters and is connected with the secondary side winding of the coupling transformer. Here, as S n1L The function of the switch is to cut off a single-phase full-bridge back converter when it fails to ensure that the operation of the non-failure part is not affected.
An equivalent circuit of the three-terminal reactor will be described with reference to fig. 3. Assuming that self-inductance of two coupling reactors forming the three-terminal reactor is equal to L, mutual inductance is M, and the equivalent reactance L+M is obtained on a branch where the terminals 1 and 2 are located and the equivalent reactance-2M is obtained on a branch where the terminal 3 is located based on basic electromagnetic theory, when the same current (i c ) When the current flows from the terminals 1 and 2 to the terminal 3, the reactance between the terminals 1 and 3 and between the terminals 2 and 3 is L-M, when the current (delta i) is between the terminals 1 and 2When flowing between the sub-sets, the reactance between the terminals 1 and 2 is 2 (l+m).
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a single-sided power flow loop of a converter with a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure, from which it can be seen that: (1) the loop (2) is composed of a converter, a three-terminal reactor and a coupling transformer, wherein the current flowing is the current outputted for compensating the power quality problem of the traction power supply system, such as i in fig. 3 c FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit and its equivalent circuit; (3) the number loop is composed of current transformers and three-terminal reactors, wherein the current flowing through the number loop is the circulation current between the current transformers, such as delta i in fig. 3, and fig. 6 is the loop and the equivalent circuit thereof. Therefore, as can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the compensation current output loop connection reactance is 2 (L-M), the loop current loop connection reactance between the converters is 4 (l+m), and the generation of uncontrollable fundamental wave loop current can be effectively limited while meeting the output reactance requirement of the converters by selecting proper parameters L and M.
In fig. 6, the generation of uncontrollable fundamental wave circulation is related to the factors of modulation signal, switching device characteristics, phase shift angle, etc., and is small and negligible under normal steady state operation of the system. The equivalent controllable voltage sources of the two converters in fig. 6 can be combined into one equivalent controllable voltage source when considering the dc ripple problem. The dc voltage has double frequency ripple due to the inherent double power problem with single phase power. The reactance (4 (l+m)) in fig. 6 is regarded as an equivalent inductive load on the basis of combining two converter equivalent controllable voltage sources into one equivalent controllable voltage source, the equivalent circuit becomes a single controllable voltage source with a single inductive load circuit, and the initial value of the single controllable voltage source is zero. By controlling the single controllable voltage source to a voltage with adjustable amplitude and phase
Can generate fundamental wave circulation in the loop
The circulating power occurs. By adjusting V c And->
The current and voltage fluctuation caused by the circulating power can offset the direct current voltage fluctuation caused by the power quality compensation power on the direct current side, so that the real-time dynamic inhibition of the direct current ripple is realized.
As described above, the implementation of the present invention has been described in detail, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and effects of the present invention, such as replacing the full-bridge circuit with a half-bridge circuit, sharing the same dc link by two sets of single-phase back converters (full-bridge or half-bridge), and so on. Such deformation systems are therefore also fully included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A parallel traction compensation system of a double full-bridge back-to-back converter is characterized in that: comprises a traction transformer, a left breaker and a right breaker S L And S is R Left-right coupling transformer T L And T R A converter with a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure; the primary side winding of the traction transformer is connected with a three-phase high-voltage power grid, and the secondary side winding is respectively connected with left and right traction feeder lines to form a basic traction power supply system; the head ends of the left and right traction feeder lines respectively pass through a left and right circuit breaker S L 、S R And left-right coupling transformer T L 、T R Is connected with the primary winding of the left-right coupling transformer T L 、T R A plurality of secondary side windings are respectively arranged, and each set of windings is respectively connected with the left side and the right side of a set of converter with a double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure;
the converter with the double full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure consists of two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters and four three-terminal reactors;
the three-terminal reactor is formed by connecting two coupling coils in series in an in-phase manner, two ends after being connected in series are used as a first terminal and a second terminal of the three-terminal reactor, and a series point is used as a third terminal of the three-terminal reactor;
and the first terminal and the second terminal are respectively connected with the middle points of bridge arms on the same side in the two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters, and the third terminal is used as an output terminal on one side of the converter with a double-full-bridge back-to-back parallel structure and is connected with a secondary side winding of the coupling transformer.
2. The dual full-bridge back-to-back converter parallel traction compensation system of claim 1, wherein: the single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converter is formed by two H full-bridge converters through a shared direct current link.
3. The dual full-bridge back-to-back converter parallel traction compensation system of claim 1, wherein: the two H full-bridge converters on the same side of the two groups of single-phase full-bridge back-to-back converters realize the power quality compensation of the traction power supply system by outputting the same current according to the compensation instruction, and the reverse current is output by superposing the direct-current ripple suppression instruction in the compensation instruction, so that the dynamic real-time suppression of the direct-current ripple of the system is realized while the power quality problem is compensated.
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| CN113937705B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-02-24 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Alternating-current ice melting device for railway traction network and control method thereof |
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