CN110718936A - Three-phase grid-connected inverter control method and system without phase-locked loop - Google Patents

Three-phase grid-connected inverter control method and system without phase-locked loop Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110718936A
CN110718936A CN201911088266.5A CN201911088266A CN110718936A CN 110718936 A CN110718936 A CN 110718936A CN 201911088266 A CN201911088266 A CN 201911088266A CN 110718936 A CN110718936 A CN 110718936A
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voltage
current
active
phase
reactive
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周鹏
张彬
张建
段鑫
杨洋
陈文献
王交通
孙荣
沙鹏
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ANKANG POWER SUPPLY Co OF STATE GRID SHAANXI ELECTRIC POWER Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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ANKANG POWER SUPPLY Co OF STATE GRID SHAANXI ELECTRIC POWER Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method and a system of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the current output by the VSR is subjected to synchronous rotating coordinate transformation by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate the direct current amount id、iq(ii) a By direct current idAnd iqRespectively building an active reactive current inner ring; using direct voltage command vdc *And reactive power command p*An inner ring instruction i of active and reactive current is generated after decoupling operationd *、iq *And the active and reactive current inner rings are directly controlled, and then the VSR is controlled to output active and reactive power. According to the invention, a phase-locked loop is not needed to lock the voltage phase of the power grid, a certain control flow is simplified, the time for locking the voltage phase of the power grid by the phase-locked loop is avoided, and the influence of sudden change of the voltage phase of the power grid and the distortion of the voltage waveform of the power grid is avoided.

Description

Three-phase grid-connected inverter control method and system without phase-locked loop
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter, and relates to a control method and a control system of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop.
Background
With the large-scale access of new energy to the power grid, how to control the new energy to be connected to the power grid becomes an important problem. The traditional diode rectifier or thyristor phase-controlled rectifier has the problems of serious harmonic pollution to a power grid and low power factor of the grid side. The PWM rectifier well overcomes the defects, has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, stability and reliability, adjustable power factor and adjustable direct-current voltage, and can not bring harmonic pollution to a power grid, so that the PWM rectifier is more and more widely applied to the power grid.
There are many control methods for PWM rectifiers, wherein grid voltage orientation based vector control (VOC) is a control system designed on the basis of a synchronous rotating coordinate system. For three-phase voltage type PWM rectifier (VSR) grid-connected control, the synchronous rotating coordinate system is used for control and design, and compared with other types of regulators, the design and parameter setting of the PI controller are simple. Compared with grid-connected control under a static coordinate system, the control system based on the synchronous rotating coordinate system can realize active component and reactive component decoupling control.
Vector control based on grid voltage orientation uses a phase-locked loop to lock the grid voltage phase, and uses a synchronous rotating seatThe current component i is obtained by standard transformationd、iqForming an active and reactive current inner loop. The control system consists of a direct-current voltage outer ring and an active and reactive current inner ring. The purpose of the dc voltage outer loop is to stabilize or regulate the dc voltage. The active and reactive current inner rings control the active power and reactive power output by the VSR. I due to active current inner loopdThe PI regulator of the voltage outer loop outputs the reference value i of the active current inner loop according to the direct current voltage and the active power output by the VSRd *Thereby controlling the active power output by the VSR. Reference value i of the inner loop of the reactive currentq *Is set according to the needs of the power grid. When i isq *When set to 0, the VSR is in unity power factor operation, i.e., only active power is output to the grid.
However, in the case of dealing with sudden phase change of the grid voltage or distortion of the grid voltage waveform, the phase locked by the phase-locked loop is deviated, so that the active and reactive power output by the VSR is unstable. And the filtering link is added to filter the power grid voltage harmonic waves, the power grid voltage phase locked by the phase-locked loop is improved, the time for locking the phase by the phase-locked loop is increased inevitably, and the response speed of the whole control system is even influenced. When controlling the VSR to output the reactive power q, if the output reactive power q needs to be accurately controlled, the reactive current inner loop command value i needs to be calculated through a certain formulaq *Then, a certain idle current inner loop command value i is givenq *The VSR can accurately control the reactive power q required for its output. Therefore, a certain calculation is needed to accurately control the VSR to output the reactive power q, and the control complexity is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a control method and a control system of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop. According to the invention, a phase-locked loop is not needed to lock the voltage phase of the power grid, a certain control flow is simplified, the time for locking the voltage phase of the power grid by the phase-locked loop is avoided, and the influence of sudden change of the voltage phase of the power grid and the distortion of the voltage waveform of the power grid is avoided. And when controlling the VSR to output the reactive power p, the reactive power can be usedRate instruction p*The reactive power p output by the VSR is accurately controlled, and then the power factor of the VSR is accurately controlled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop comprises the following steps:
the current output by the VSR is subjected to synchronous rotating coordinate transformation by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate the direct current amount id、iq(ii) a By direct current idAnd iqRespectively building an active reactive current inner ring; using direct voltage command vdc *And reactive power command p*An inner ring instruction i of active and reactive current is generated after decoupling operationd *、iq *And the active and reactive current inner rings are directly controlled, and then the VSR is controlled to output active and reactive power.
Optionally, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s100: collecting direct current side capacitance voltage signal vdcAnd using a DC voltage command vdc *And a DC side capacitor voltage signal vdcThrough a PI regulator to form a DC side capacitor voltage vdcNo-static-error control of (1);
s200: will the network voltage vabcUsing the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to perform Park transformation to generate a direct current voltage v under a dq coordinate systemdq0Taking the DC voltage v thereind、vqCarrying out subsequent decoupling operation;
s300: using active power reference value p*And a reactive power command q*Combined with a direct voltage ed、eqThrough decoupling operation, an active current inner ring reference value i is generatedd *And a reactive current inner loop reference value iq *；
S400: using the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to output a current i of the VSRabcCarrying out Park conversion to generate direct current i under dq coordinate systemdq0Taking the DC current i thereind、iqAs feedback, with active and reactive current inner loop parametersExamination value id *、iq *Comparing and forming a DC current amount i through a PI regulatord、iqNo-static-error control of (1);
s500: the DC voltage v output by the PI regulatord *、vq *Clark inverse transformation is carried out by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate a rotating voltage v under an alpha beta coordinate systemα、vβ；
S600: by the amount v of the rotating voltageα、vβGenerating a space vector sa、sb、scAnd using the space vector sa、sb、scAnd controlling the VSR to output constant voltage and current, namely outputting constant active power and reactive power.
Optionally, in S100, the output quantity of the PI regulator is an active power reference value p*Reference value of active power p*Given by:
Figure BDA0002266083090000031
wherein v issIs a DC voltage source voltage, rsIs the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor.
Optionally, in S300, the formula of the decoupling operation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002266083090000032
Figure BDA0002266083090000033
in the formula id *For the active current inner loop reference value, iq *For the reference value of the inner loop of reactive current, p*As active power reference value, q*For reactive power command q*，ed、eqAnd carrying out synchronous rotating coordinate transformation on the grid voltage by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate a direct-current voltage quantity.
Optionally, in S400The output quantity of the PI regulator is a direct current voltage quantity vd *、vq *。
A three-phase grid-connected inverter control system without a phase-locked loop is provided with a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, wherein the voltage outer loop controls active power output by a direct-current power supply by controlling the voltage of a capacitor on a direct-current side; the current inner ring controls the current and active and reactive power output by the VSR by controlling the voltage phase output by the VSR; the connection of the voltage outer ring and the current inner ring generates a reference value i of the active current inner ring and the reactive current inner ring through coupling operationd *、iq *And further controlling the active and reactive current inner loops.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the method of the invention does not use phase-locked loop phase locking and takes the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system. Synchronous rotation coordinate transformation is carried out on a virtual vector through the current output by the VSR to obtain stable direct current id、iq. By id、iqAnd respectively building active and reactive current inner rings. The active and reactive current inner rings are controlled by the control method of the three-phase grid-connected inverter without the phase-locked loop, and the active power and reactive power output by the VSR and the power factor of the VSR can be accurately controlled. Compared with the vector control technology based on the grid voltage orientation, the method does not need a phase-locked loop to lock the grid voltage phase, simplifies a certain control process, avoids the time for the phase-locked loop to lock the grid voltage phase, and is not influenced by the sudden change of the grid voltage phase and the distortion of the grid voltage waveform. And when controlling the VSR to output the reactive power p, the reactive power instruction p can be used*The reactive power p output by the VSR is accurately controlled, and then the power factor of the VSR is accurately controlled. The invention realizes a control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop, and controls the VSR to output constant active power and constant reactive power to a power grid through the unique algorithm. And the active power and the reactive power output by the VSR under the control method are less influenced by the sudden phase change of the grid voltage and the distortion of the grid voltage waveform.
Based on the network voltageCompared with the vector control method, the method can better cope with the conditions of power grid voltage phase mutation and power grid voltage waveform distortion, and because a phase-locked loop is not used for locking the power grid voltage phase, the dynamic process of phase locking of the phase-locked loop is not needed, and the dynamic time of stabilizing the output power of the VSR is also reduced. The invention also creatively uses the reactive power instruction p*The VSR is controlled to output a constant reactive power, so that the reactive power output by the VSR and the power factor of the VSR can be accurately adjusted.
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The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
FIG. 1: a control block diagram of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop;
in the figure, ea、eb、ecThe grid voltage; i.e. ia、ib、icThe current of the power grid; e.g. of the typed、eqThe grid voltage is subjected to Park conversion on a virtual vector coordinate system to obtain a direct-current voltage value; v. ofdc *A direct current side voltage command; v. ofdcA direct current side capacitor voltage; p is a radical of*An active power reference value; q. q.s*A reactive power command; i.e. id *An active current reference value; i.e. iq *A reactive current reference value; theta virtual vector phase angle; v. ofα、vβRotating voltage quantity under a two-phase static coordinate system; sa、sb、scA space vector.
FIG. 2: the DC side capacitor voltage at the time of 0.2 s;
FIG. 3: and active power and reactive power output by the grid-connected inverter at the moment of 0.2 s.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop. The control method of the three-phase grid-connected inverter without the phase-locked loop can use the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system without phase-locked by the phase-locked loop. The current output by the VSR is subjected to synchronous rotating coordinate transformation by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate the direct current amount id、iq. By direct current idAnd iqAnd respectively building an active reactive current inner ring. Using direct voltage command vdc *And reactive power command p*An inner ring instruction i of active and reactive current is generated after decoupling operationd *、iq *The active and reactive current inner rings are directly controlled, and then the VSR is accurately controlled to output active and reactive power. Using virtual vector orientation is not affected by sudden phase changes of the grid voltage or distortion of the grid voltage waveform, and using reactive power instruction p*The power factor of the VSR can be accurately adjusted by controlling the output reactive power of the VSR. The complete control block diagram is shown in fig. 1.
The control block diagram uses a double closed-loop control system, and the double closed-loop control system is provided with a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, wherein the voltage outer loop controls the active power output by the direct current power supply by controlling the voltage of a capacitor on the direct current side. The current inner ring controls the voltage phase output by the VSR so as to control the current output by the VSR and the active and reactive power. The connection of the voltage outer ring and the current inner ring generates a reference value i of the active current inner ring and the reactive current inner ring through coupling operationd *、iq *And further controlling the active and reactive current inner loops.
The method of the present disclosure is discussed below in conjunction with the specific embodiments and figures.
Examples
The invention discloses a control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop, which uses a virtual vector as a reference coordinate and directly controls a VSR to output constant active power and constant reactive power by using a direct-current side voltage instruction and a reactive power instruction. The control block diagram is shown in the attached figure 1, and the specific steps are discussed as follows:
step 1: collecting direct current side capacitance voltage signal vdcAnd using a DC voltage command vdc *And a DC side capacitor voltage signal vdcThrough a PI regulator to form a DC side capacitor voltage vdcBecause the capacitor voltage is related to the active power output by the DC side, the output quantity of the PI regulator is the active power reference value p*. Reference value p of active power*The following control method provides:
Figure BDA0002266083090000071
wherein v issIs a DC voltage source voltage, rsIs the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor.
Step 2: will the network voltage vabcUsing the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to perform Park transformation to generate a direct current voltage v under a dq coordinate systemdq0Taking the DC voltage v thereind、vqAnd carrying out subsequent decoupling operation.
And step 3: using active power reference value p*And a reactive power command q*Combined with a direct voltage ed、eq(i.e., DC voltage v)d、vq) Through decoupling operation, an active current inner ring reference value i is generatedd *And a reactive current inner loop reference value iq *. The formula of the decoupling operation is as follows
Figure BDA0002266083090000072
Figure BDA0002266083090000073
And 4, step 4: at the virtual vectorThe current i output by the VSR is measured as a reference coordinate systemabcCarrying out Park conversion to generate direct current i under dq coordinate systemdq0Taking the DC current i thereind、iqAs feedback, with the active and reactive current inner loop reference value id *、iq *Comparing and forming a DC current amount i through a PI regulatord、iqNo-static-error control of (2). Because of the direct current id、iqAnd a DC voltage magnitude vd、vqAccordingly, the output of the PI regulator is a DC voltage vd *、vq *。
And 5: the DC voltage v output by the PI regulatord *、vq *Clark inverse transformation is carried out by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate a rotating voltage v under an alpha beta coordinate systemα、vβ。
Step 6: by the amount v of the rotating voltageα、vβGenerating a space vector sa、sb、scAnd using the space vector sa、sb、scAnd controlling the VSR to output constant voltage and current, namely outputting constant active power and reactive power.
Simulation test:
the SIMULINK simulation parameters are set as follows: DC side supply voltage vdcIs 710V; internal resistance r of DC sidesIs 1 omega; DC voltage command vdc *Is 700; reactive power command q*Is 0; the voltage of the power grid is 380V; the direct current side capacitor is connected with a 140 omega resistor R in parallel at 0.2s0。
The results are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. DC side capacitor voltage v after system stabilizationdcWill be equal to the DC side voltage command vdc *Is 700V, so according to the formula p*＝vdc×(vs-vdc)/rsActive power reference value p after stabilization *700 × (710-. In parallel with a 140 omega resistor R0Then according to the formula
Figure BDA0002266083090000083
Re-stabilization of the rear resistance R0Active power of p is 70023500 for/140. So the active power reference value is reduced to p*＝7000-3500＝3500。
As can be seen from fig. 2 and fig. 3, the response time of the control method is very short, and even when the dc side suddenly reduces the active power input, the dc side capacitor voltage can be stabilized in a very short time, so as to stabilize the active power output by the VSR, and realize the non-static-error control of the dc side capacitor voltage and the active and reactive currents.
The invention discloses a control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop, which has the following characteristics:
1: virtual vector reference coordinate system
Taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system, and converting the voltage v of the power grid into a voltage vabcSynchronous rotating coordinate transformation is carried out on the virtual vector coordinate system to obtain direct current voltage vdAnd vq. Current i to output VSRabcSynchronous rotating coordinate transformation is carried out on the virtual vector coordinate system to obtain direct current idAnd iq。
2: a control method of a voltage outer ring and a reactive power instruction control current inner ring.
By means of dc capacitor voltage vdcFeedback and DC capacitor voltage command vdcAnd constructing a voltage outer loop through the PI regulator. Active power reference p generated using voltage outer loop*Junction and given reactive power command q*Active and reactive current inner loop reference value i is generated through decoupling operationd *、iq *. The decoupling operation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002266083090000081
Figure BDA0002266083090000082
wherein e isd、eqFor the voltage of the power gridThe virtual vector is a direct current voltage generated by synchronous rotating coordinate transformation of a reference coordinate system.
3: control block diagram of three-phase grid-connected inverter without phase-locked loop
Referring to fig. 1, the control block diagram uses a double closed loop control system, which has two parts, namely a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, wherein the voltage outer loop controls the active power output by the direct current power supply by controlling the voltage of a direct current side capacitor. The current inner ring controls the voltage phase output by the VSR so as to control the current output by the VSR and the active and reactive power. The connection of the voltage outer ring and the current inner ring generates a reference value i of the active current inner ring and the reactive current inner ring through coupling operationd *、iq *And further controlling the active and reactive current inner loops.
The above is a detailed description of the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiments, and it should not be considered that the present invention is limited to the specific embodiments, but that the present invention can be easily derived or substituted by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all of them should be considered as falling within the scope of the patent protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A control method of a three-phase grid-connected inverter without a phase-locked loop is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the current output by the VSR is subjected to synchronous rotating coordinate transformation by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate the direct current amount id、iq(ii) a By direct current idAnd iqRespectively building an active reactive current inner ring; using direct voltage command vdc *And reactive power command p*An inner ring instruction i of active and reactive current is generated after decoupling operationd *、iq *And the active and reactive current inner rings are directly controlled, and then the VSR is controlled to output active and reactive power.
2. The control method of the three-phase grid-connected inverter without the phase-locked loop according to claim 1, specifically comprising the following steps:
s100: collecting direct current side capacitance voltage signal vdcAnd using a DC voltage command vdc *And a DC side capacitor voltage signal vdcThrough a PI regulator to form a DC side capacitor voltage vdcNo-static-error control of (1);
s200: will the network voltage vabcUsing the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to perform Park transformation to generate a direct current voltage v under a dq coordinate systemdq0Taking the DC voltage v thereind、vqCarrying out subsequent decoupling operation;
s300: using active power reference value p*And a reactive power command q*Combined with a direct voltage ed、eqThrough decoupling operation, an active current inner ring reference value i is generatedd *And a reactive current inner loop reference value iq *；
S400: using the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to output a current i of the VSRabcCarrying out Park conversion to generate direct current i under dq coordinate systemdq0Taking the DC current i thereind、iqAs feedback, with the active and reactive current inner loop reference value id *、iq *Comparing and forming a DC current amount i through a PI regulatord、iqNo-static-error control of (1);
s500: the DC voltage v output by the PI regulatord *、vq *Clark inverse transformation is carried out by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate a rotating voltage v under an alpha beta coordinate systemα、vβ；
S600: by the amount v of the rotating voltageα、vβGenerating a space vector sa、sb、scAnd using the space vector sa、sb、scAnd controlling the VSR to output constant voltage and current, namely outputting constant active power and reactive power.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein S is S100, the output quantity of the PI regulator is an active power reference value p*Reference value of active power p*Given by:
wherein v issIs a DC voltage source voltage, rsIs the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in S300, the formula of the decoupling operation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002266083080000023
in the formula id *For the active current inner loop reference value, iq *For the reference value of the inner loop of reactive current, p*As active power reference value, q*For reactive power command q*，ed、eqAnd carrying out synchronous rotating coordinate transformation on the grid voltage by taking the virtual vector as a reference coordinate system to generate a direct-current voltage quantity.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S400, the output of the PI regulator is a dc voltage vd *、vq *。
6. The control system of the three-phase grid-connected inverter without the phase-locked loop is characterized by comprising a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, wherein the voltage outer loop controls the active power output by a direct-current power supply by controlling the voltage of a capacitor on the direct-current side; the current inner loop controls the voltage phase of the VSR output,further controlling the current and active and reactive power output by the VSR; the connection of the voltage outer ring and the current inner ring generates a reference value i of the active current inner ring and the reactive current inner ring through coupling operationd *、iq *And further controlling the active and reactive current inner loops.
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