CN110138013A - A kind of novel microgrid structure and control method of parallel cascade converter - Google Patents

A kind of novel microgrid structure and control method of parallel cascade converter Download PDF

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CN110138013A
CN110138013A CN201910527581.7A CN201910527581A CN110138013A CN 110138013 A CN110138013 A CN 110138013A CN 201910527581 A CN201910527581 A CN 201910527581A CN 110138013 A CN110138013 A CN 110138013A
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bridge
control
controller
subsystem
distributed subsystem
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CN110138013B (en
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张承慧
王志祯
邢相洋
李晓艳
胡顺全
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses the novel microgrid structures and control method of a kind of parallel cascade converter, comprising: at least two distributed subsystems being connected in parallel, each distributed subsystem are the power supply of region load by coupled line impedance;The distributed subsystem includes the H bridge inverter of several cascade connections, each H bridge inverter connection one is all to be connect from controller with master controller from controller.Master controller with double-layer structure mainly generates the modulation wave signal of cascaded H-bridges unit in distributed subsystem.Realize that the zero crossing judgement of grid-connected current is modulated with carrier interleaving, mainly from controller to obtain the pwm signal of every H-bridge unit.Present system structure has higher networking flexibility, the stability of system entirety is improved, control method of the present invention not only reduces the computation burden of master controller, and improves the equivalent switching frequency of distributed subsystem, system reliability is improved, the power quality of system is improved.

Description

A kind of novel microgrid structure and control method of parallel cascade converter
Technical field
The invention belongs to distributed energy power generation, power electronics control technology and micro-capacitance sensor technical fields, and in particular to one The micro-capacitance sensor structure and control method of kind parallel cascade converter.
Background technique
Only there is provided background technical informations related to the present invention for the statement of this part, it is not necessary to so constitute first skill Art.
Renewable energy distributed power generation is more dispersed, and micro-capacitance sensor can be by the renewable energy of a large amount of Small And Medium Capacity point Cloth electricity generation system is reliably linked into power grid, and realization is safe and reliable, stable, economically runs, and is conducive to renewable energy Make full use of.But renewable energy that there are voltage class is low, capacity is small, power is unstable, it is independent provided to load it is reliable The problems such as ability of power supply is limited and causes fluctuation to power grid, limits its development.Skill is controlled using suitable power electronics Art can give full play to micro-capacitance sensor for the Utilization ability of renewable energy.
Micro-capacitance sensor generally operates in grid-connected or two kinds of operational modes of off-network, and under grid-connect mode, micro battery is generally controlled For current source;Under off-network mode, it is voltage source that micro battery is generally controlled, to maintain the voltage and frequency stabilization of off-grid system.From Under net operational mode, all power supplys in micro-capacitance sensor allow for standing alone as the sufficient electric energy of local load offer, therefore in micro- electricity Power system capacity is improved usually using parallel connection topology in net.But with the increase of subsystem in parallel, individual Centralized Controller The sample variation, control variable and control target, design and the configuration of Centralized Controller that need to handle exponential increase will be become It is extremely complex, seriously affect the feasibility of system.
Based on renewable energy and problem lower there is also voltage class in the distributed subsystem of power electronics interface, Common solution is the structure using series connection or cascaded inverter as distributed energy subsystem.However in tandem junction In structure, a large amount of inductance element is used to reduce system footprint area as system filter equipment in order to reduce system cost, Cascade structure more has advantage.In the distributed energy subsystem with cascade structure, usually using H bridge as submodule With the voltage class of lifting system.However, cascaded H-bridges operate in the lower situation of frequency, can be injected into system a large amount of Harmonic wave seriously endangers micro-capacitance sensor power quality, causes adverse effect to customer charge.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes the novel microgrid structure and controlling party of a kind of parallel cascade converter Method realizes microgrid power reasonable distribution, distributed subsystem decentralised control and the power quality for improving micro-capacitance sensor.
In some embodiments, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter, comprising: at least two distributed subsystems being connected in parallel, Each distributed subsystem is the power supply of region load by coupled line impedance;If the distributed subsystem includes The H bridge inverter of dry cascade connection.
In other embodiments, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of control method of the novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter, to each distributed subsystem using master Controller and multiple from the collecting and distributing control method of controller, master controller uses double-layer control structure, wherein one layer uses sagging control System realizes the reasonable distribution to distributed subsystem power;Current follow-up control of another layer based on voltage and current double closed-loop, with Realize grid-connected current without stable state static difference;Divide equally from controller by voltage, the control signal in master controller is adjusted It is whole, the modulation wave signal of every Cascade H bridge inverter is respectively obtained, then compared with the respective carrier signal of H bridge inverter To the pwm control signal of every H bridge inverter.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The novel micro-capacitance sensor structure proposed has higher networking flexibility, improves whole relative to traditional micro-capacitance sensor The stability of system system, and filter inductance element largely reduces, and reduces the exploitation and operating cost of micro-grid system.
Distributed master controller uses double-layer control structure, and upper layer uses the decentralized control method based on sagging control, It is controlled without the power reasonable distribution of realization off-grid system under communication condition and voltage and frequency stabilization;Lower layer uses to be controlled based on PI The double-closed-loop control structure of device processed realizes the tracing control of electric current, reduces steady state ripple under conditions of guaranteeing floating.
In the host controller, the main modulation wave signal for generating cascaded H-bridges unit in distributed subsystem, and cascaded H-bridges The carrier signal of unit is mainly generated by corresponding from controller with pwm signal, and the calculating for dramatically reducing master controller is negative Load.
The carrier interleaving modulation system based on current oriention is being used from controller, is improved the equivalent of cascade system and is opened Frequency is closed, solves the problems, such as that Cascade H bridge inverter harmonic content is big inside distributed subsystem, improves the electric energy matter of system Amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is parallel cascade inverter micro-capacitance sensor structure and control block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is main control structural block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the present invention one from control structure block diagram;
Fig. 4 is that carrier interleaving modulates schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms that the present invention uses have logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Embodiment one
In one or more embodiments, the novel microgrid structure and controlling party of a kind of parallel cascade converter are disclosed Method, microgrid structure are as shown in Figure 1, comprising: at least two distributed subsystems being connected in parallel, each distributed subsystem are logical Coupled line impedance is crossed as the power supply of region load;Distributed subsystem includes the H bridge inverter of several cascade connections.
Wherein distributed subsystem is cascaded by multiple H bridge inverters, convenient for the access of single low pressure distributed module, The promotion of voltage class and power capacity may be implemented.Relative to traditional micro-capacitance sensor structure, the system proposed has higher Networking flexibility improves largely reducing for the stability of total system and filter element, reduces opening for micro-grid system Hair and operating cost.
For the micro-capacitance sensor structure proposed, using collecting and distributing control mode.Each H bridge inverter connects one from control Device, it is all to be connect from controller with master controller;Master controller mainly realizes sagging control and current tracking, from controller master To be used to generate the pwm signal of H-bridge unit.Relative to traditional micro-capacitance sensor structure, the system proposed has higher networking spirit Activity improves the stability of total system, improves the equivalent switching frequency of cascade system, and corresponding control method improves Subsystem equivalent switching frequency improves the power quality of system.
Wherein, distributed master controller uses double-layer control structure, and upper layer uses the decentralised control side based on sagging control Method realizes that the power reasonable distribution of off-grid system and voltage are controlled with frequency stabilization under without communication condition;Lower layer uses base The tracing control of electric current is realized in the double-closed-loop control structure of PI controller, and stable state line is reduced under conditions of guaranteeing floating Wave.In the host controller, the modulation wave signal of cascaded H-bridges unit in distributed subsystem is mainly generated.
In order to mitigate the computation burden of master controller, the carrier signal of cascaded H-bridges unit is with pwm signal mainly by corresponding It is generated from controller.From controller, zero crossing judgement carried out to grid-connected current first, and the zero crossing based on electric current is the Phase zero point is arranged in the carrier signal of one H bridge inverter, then uses the modulator approach of carrier interleaving, determines all H bridge lists The carrier signal of member, is finally compared using the modulation wave signal transmitted in master controller and the respective carrier signal of H-bridge unit Compared with to obtain the pwm signal of every H-bridge unit.
Fig. 2 is master controller block diagram proposed by the present invention.Master controller uses double-layer control structure, and upper layer is distribution formula System power control layer realizes power reasonable distribution using sagging control;Lower layer be the electric current based on voltage and current double closed-loop with Track control, to realize grid-connected current without stable state static difference.Wherein, sagging control ring by measurement distributed subsystem exit potential and Electric current, the active and reactive power of computing subsystem, and droop characteristic is utilized, it provides voltage reference value and is closed as voltage and current pair The input of ring.Outer voltage and current inner loop pass through PI controller and realize that the fast and stable of subsystem voltage and electric current controls.
In order to guarantee the power-balance and Frequency Synchronization between distributed subsystem, passed according to the power of off-network shunt chopper The distributing droop control method of defeated characteristic, design is as follows:
Wherein, ω, E, P, Q are respectively subsystem outlet angular frequency, voltage magnitude, active power and reactive power.GP(s) With GQ(s) the corresponding transmission function of difference, in typical droop characteristic, GP(s)=m, GQ(s)=n, wherein m and n are respectively The slope of active power and reactive power droop characteristic.
Since in each distributed subsystem, the type and capacity of distributed energy are different, so each distribution subsystem The droop characteristic of system is not identical.In subsystem parallel system, frequency and the stealthy traffic of the voltage magnitude as system are realized Power reasonable distribution between subsystems.
Fig. 3 is as the decentralized controller structural block diagram from controller.Corresponding one point of the control of each decentralized controller H-bridge unit in cloth subsystem cascade structure.In order to mitigate the computation burden of master controller, decentralized controller will undertake electric current Zero-crossing examination and carrier interleaving modulation generate the function of pwm signal.Firstly, zero crossing judgement is carried out to grid-connected current, and Zero crossing based on electric current is that phase zero point is arranged in the carrier signal of First H bridge inverter, then uses the tune of carrier interleaving Method processed determines the carrier signal of all H-bridge units, finally using the modulation wave signal and H-bridge unit transmitted in master controller Respective carrier signal is compared, to obtain the pwm signal of every H-bridge unit.Wherein for cascaded H-bridges structure using load The staggered modulator approach of wave, to reduce the harmonic component of grid-connected current, height-adjusting system power quality.The modulation methods of the carrier interleaving The method that formula uses current oriention, the carrier wave of first cascaded H-bridges in inside using grid-connected current zero crossing as distributed subsystem Zero crossing, for the carrier wave zero point of remaining H bridge than previous one angle φ of H bridge carrier wave zero delay, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein N is distributed subsystem cascaded H-bridges number.
Fig. 4 is that carrier interleaving modulates schematic diagram, is illustrated by taking the carrier signal of three cascaded H-bridges as an example.Basis first Detection to grid-connected current fundamental wave zero crossing, the beginning point of reference of so-called First H bridge carrier signal, adjusts triangular carrier It is whole.And according to formula (2), calculate when distributed subsystem is cascaded by three H bridge inverters, carrier signal should differ 60 °, therefore the carrier wave of second H bridge inverter is compared compared with the carrier wave of First H bridge, postpones 60 °.Similarly, third platform H bridge inverter Carrier signal compared with second postpone 60 °.
From controller, divided equally by voltage, the modulated signal in master controller is adjusted, is respectively obtained The modulation wave signal of every cascaded H-bridges unit then obtains the pwm control signal of every H-bridge unit compared with carrier signal.Its Output signal u in middle carrier signal and master controllerabRelationship is as follows:
uabi=uab/N (3)
Wherein uabiThe modulating wave of respectively i-th cascaded H-bridges, uabFor the reference modulating wave of upper layer decentralised control output, N For distributed subsystem cascaded H-bridges number.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter characterized by comprising at least two distributions being connected in parallel Subsystem, each distributed subsystem are the power supply of region load by coupled line impedance;The distribution formula System includes the H bridge inverter of several cascade connections, each H bridge inverter connection one is all from controller from controller It is connect with master controller.
2. a kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the main control Device uses double-layer control structure, wherein one layer of reasonable distribution realized using sagging control to distributed subsystem power;It is another Current follow-up control of the layer based on voltage and current double closed-loop, to realize grid-connected current without stable state static difference.
3. a kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the sagging control System specifically: by measurement distributed subsystem exit potential and electric current, calculate the active power of distributed subsystem with it is idle Power;Using the frequency of distributed subsystem and voltage magnitude as the stealthy traffic between distributed subsystem, realize each Power reasonable distribution between distributed subsystem;
Using droop characteristic, input of the voltage reference value as voltage and current double closed-loop is provided;Outer voltage is equal with current inner loop Realize that the fast and stable of subsystem voltage and electric current controls by PI controller.
4. a kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described from control Device is configurable for generating the pwm signal of H bridge inverter.
5. a kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described from control The control process of device specifically:
Zero crossing judgement is carried out to grid-connected current, and the zero crossing based on electric current sets for the carrier signal of First H bridge inverter Phase zero point is set, the modulator approach of carrier interleaving is then used, determines the carrier signal of all H bridge inverters;
The modulation wave signal transmitted in master controller is compared with the respective carrier signal of H bridge inverter, to obtain every The pwm signal of platform H-bridge unit.
6. a kind of novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the carrier wave is handed over The method that wrong modulator approach uses current oriention, the cascade of inside first using grid-connected current zero crossing as distributed subsystem The carrier zero crossings point of H bridge, the carrier wave zero point of remaining H bridge is than previous one angle of H bridge carrier wave zero delay Wherein, N is distributed subsystem cascaded H-bridges number.
7. a kind of control method of the novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter, which is characterized in that be distributed formula to each System is using master controller and multiple from the collecting and distributing control method of controller, and master controller uses double-layer control structure, wherein one layer The reasonable distribution to distributed subsystem power is realized using sagging control;Another layer based on the electric current of voltage and current double closed-loop with Track control, to realize grid-connected current without stable state static difference;Divide equally from controller by voltage, the control in master controller is believed It number is adjusted, respectively obtains the modulation wave signal of every Cascade H bridge inverter, then believe with the respective carrier wave of H bridge inverter Number compare to obtain the pwm control signal of every H bridge inverter.
8. the control method of the novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that described Sagging control specifically: by measurement distributed subsystem exit potential and electric current, calculate the active power of distributed subsystem With reactive power;It is real using the frequency of distributed subsystem and voltage magnitude as the stealthy traffic between distributed subsystem Power reasonable distribution between existing each distributed subsystem;
Using droop characteristic, input of the voltage reference value as voltage and current double closed-loop is provided;Outer voltage is equal with current inner loop Realize that the fast and stable of subsystem voltage and electric current controls by PI controller.
9. the control method of the novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that described From the control process of controller specifically:
Zero crossing judgement is carried out to grid-connected current, and the zero crossing based on electric current sets for the carrier signal of First H bridge inverter Phase zero point is set, the modulator approach of carrier interleaving is then used, determines the carrier signal of all H bridge inverters;
The modulation wave signal transmitted in master controller is compared with the respective carrier signal of H bridge inverter, to obtain every The pwm signal of platform H-bridge unit.
10. the control method of the novel microgrid structure of parallel cascade converter as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that institute State the method that the modulator approach of carrier interleaving uses current oriention, using grid-connected current zero crossing as distributed subsystem inside the The carrier zero crossings point of one cascaded H-bridges, the carrier wave zero point of remaining H bridge is than previous one angle of H bridge carrier wave zero delay Wherein, N is distributed subsystem cascaded H-bridges number.
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