CN109799435A - A kind of local discharge sensor combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity and the detection method based on this - Google Patents

A kind of local discharge sensor combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity and the detection method based on this Download PDF

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CN109799435A
CN109799435A CN201910164649.XA CN201910164649A CN109799435A CN 109799435 A CN109799435 A CN 109799435A CN 201910164649 A CN201910164649 A CN 201910164649A CN 109799435 A CN109799435 A CN 109799435A
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optical fiber
micro optical
interference cavity
graphene diaphragm
laser
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CN109799435B (en
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陈伟根
杜林�
张知先
万福
雷嘉丽
李剑
谭亚雄
王有元
黄正勇
王飞鹏
周湶
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

A kind of local discharge sensor combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity and the detection method based on this, which includes: tunable laser (1), laser wavelength control module (2), optical fiber circulator (3), single mode optical fiber (4), micro optical fiber interference cavity (5), photodetector (6), signal wire (7), filter (8), data collecting card (9).Present invention employs multi-layer graphene diaphragms, improve the detection sensitivity of sensor;Based on the optimization design to multi-layer graphene diaphragm structure, it is allowed to adapt to the requirement of Partial Discharge Detection frequency band;The service life of multi-layer graphene diaphragm is improved using polyimide coating;Micro optical fiber interference cavity is processed in inside of optical fibre using femtosecond laser, and is controlled based on laser wavelength, quiescent point is stablized.Based on the optimization design of detection device mounting means, so that not influencing the original working environment of electrical equipment while installing the present apparatus.

Description

A kind of local discharge sensor and base combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity In this detection method
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrical equipment online monitoring technical field more particularly to a kind of combination graphene diaphragms and micro optical fiber The local discharge sensor and detection method for local discharge of interference cavity.
Background technique
Shelf depreciation is that regional area punctures caused electric discharge phenomena in dielectric, and Partial Discharge Detection is a kind of effective Insulation of electrical installation state evaluating method.When in medium occur shelf depreciation when, can generate electric pulse, electromagnetic wave, ultrasonic wave, Light, hot-spot and some new chemical products.The ultrasonic signal generated by detection shelf depreciation, can determine shelf depreciation Presence and orientation discharge point.Compared with traditional piezoelectric transducer, the local discharge sensor based on Fibre Optical Sensor has The advantages that response band is wide, small in size, electromagnetism interference.
Local discharge sensor based on Fabry-perot optical fiber interference is that the most frequently used at present and most effective optical fiber shelf depreciation passes Sensor.Fabry-perot optical fiber formula local discharge sensor is made of fiber end face, diaphragm and interference cavity, and ultrasonic signal is by causing to feel The vibration for answering diaphragm causes interferometric phase and interference strength to change, real by the variation of detection reflected light light intensity and phase The detection of existing shelf depreciation.But current detection sensitivity generally existing in practical engineering applications is lower, is easily affected by temperature Disadvantage.
In order to obtain high sensitivity, it is desirable to bigger center can be obtained under Processing of Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Signals effect Deformation.Therefore, there is high mechanical strength, the ultra-thin diaphragm of good flexibility and stability is exploitation high-performance optical nanofarads amber formula office The key of portion's discharge sensor.Currently, having the diaphragm that many materials be used to make Fabry-Perot sensor, including silicon diaphragm, stone Capsule piece, silica diaphragm, polymer membrane and metallic membrane.However, the thickness of above-mentioned diaphragm is usually in a μm magnitude, part Discharge examination sensitivity is lower, and minimum detectable level is mostly in 100pC, it is difficult to meet the requirement of engineer application.In ultrasound examination Field, researcher successively put into emphasis based on new material, mainly in the diaphragm development of two-dimensional material, the material of selection Material such as graphene, nano silver, MoS2Deng since photoelectric elements may be implemented in these materials, so that ultrasound examination is sensitive It spends more traditional silicon or quartz diaphragm and improves the 2-3 order of magnitude.Graphene is known most thin membrane material in current nature, Its breaking strength is 42N/m, is approximately 25 times of quartz or silicon diaphragm.The light based on graphene diaphragm of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University's preparation Sensitivity has been increased to 1100nm/kPa by nanofarads Fabry-Parot interferent chamber sonic transducer, diaphragm thickness 100nm, but the sensor is examined Measured frequency is lower, is not suitable for the detection of shelf depreciation.
Traditional fiber method Fabry-Parot interferent formula sensor is due to the thermal expansion coefficients such as support construction, encapsulating material difference, interference cavity Length will vary with temperature generation variation, lead to operating point drift, influence the detection accuracy of sensor.Based on femtosecond laser processing Low-light nanofarads Fabry-Parot interferent chamber, air chamber are located inside of optical fibre, and as a kind of approximate all optical fibre structure, thermal expansion coefficient is not present Unmatched problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of local discharge sensors for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity And the detection method based on this, it is intended to solve the generally existing detection sensitivity of current Fabry-perot optical fiber formula local discharge sensor compared with Low and easy the shortcomings that being affected by temperature.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to realize foregoing invention purpose:
A kind of local discharge sensor combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity, comprising: tunable laser (1), laser wavelength control module (2), optical fiber circulator (3), single mode optical fiber (4), micro optical fiber interference cavity (5), photodetection Device (6), signal wire (7), filter (8), data collecting card (9);The laser that the tunable laser (1) issues is through the light The micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) is passed to by the single mode optical fiber (4) after fine circulator (3), in the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) Interference is formed, reflected light is returned along the single mode optical fiber (4), inputs the photodetector after the optical fiber circulator (3) (6), light intensity signal is transformed to electric signal, through the signal wire (7) be transmitted to respectively the laser wavelength control module (2) and The filter (8);It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of the filter (8), data collecting card (9) are transmitted to after high-pass filtering, Record the Processing of Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Signals waveform detected.
It is further preferred that the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) includes: polyimide coating (10), multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11), fiber end face (12);Wherein the polyimide coating (10) is with a thickness of 1000nm, to the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11) it shields;For the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11) with a thickness of 100nm, diameter is 125 μm;By the fiber end face (12) and the cavity length of the graphene diaphragm (11) formation is 17 μm, and width is 60 μm.The cavity uses femtosecond laser Processing is 60 μm in inside of optical fibre, effective vibration disc diameter of the multi-layer graphene diaphragm, and ultrasound examination frequency band is reachable 95kHz.The tunable laser (1) is narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, and output power 20mW, tuning range 1526nm are arrived 1567nm, breadth of spectrum line < 300kHz.The filter (8) is high-pass filter, and rejection frequency is made an uproar in 10kHz low frequency below Sound.It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of the laser control module (2), reflected light is recorded by the laser control module (2) Static light intensity, compared with the reference value stored before, when light intensity value deviation exceed threshold value after, by the laser control mould Block (2) adjusts the wavelength of tunable laser (1) the output laser.
A kind of detection method for local discharge based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity, by tunable laser (1) laser issued is passed to micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) by single mode optical fiber (4) after optical fiber circulator (3), in the micro optical fiber Interference is formed in interference cavity (5), reflected light is returned along the single mode optical fiber (4), inputs photoelectricity after the optical fiber circulator (3) Light intensity signal is transformed to electric signal by detector (6), is then transmitted to laser wavelength control module (2) respectively through signal wire (7) With filter (8);It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of filter (8), is transmitted to after high-pass filtering data collecting card (9), record inspection The Processing of Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Signals waveform measured.
It is further preferred that the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) includes: polyimide coating (10), multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11), fiber end face (12);Wherein the polyimide coating (10) is with a thickness of 1000nm, to the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11) it shields;For the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11) with a thickness of 100nm, diameter is 125 μm;By the fiber end face (12) and the cavity length of the graphene diaphragm (11) formation is 17 μm, and width is 60 μm.The cavity uses femtosecond laser Processing is 60 μm in inside of optical fibre, effective vibration disc diameter of the multi-layer graphene diaphragm, and ultrasound examination frequency band is reachable 95kHz.The tunable laser (1) is narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, and output power 20mW, tuning range 1526nm are arrived 1567nm, breadth of spectrum line < 300kHz.The filter (8) is high-pass filter, and rejection frequency is made an uproar in 10kHz low frequency below Sound.It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of the laser control module (2), reflected light is recorded by the laser control module (2) Static light intensity, compared with the reference value stored before, when light intensity value deviation exceed threshold value after, by the laser control mould Block (2) adjusts the wavelength of tunable laser (1) the output laser.
It is further preferred that the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) is mounted on gas-insulating and fully-enclosed combined electrical apparatus (GIS) Medium window.Opening a diameter in the medium window center is 127 μm of the micropore through dielectric layer and metal layer, in micropore end, It is bonded a thin polymer film, micro optical fiber interference cavity is inserted into the micropore, the end of the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) penetrates polymerization In object film, glue is then injected into the micropore, and install sealing rubber ring additional in the metal layer end.The polymer thin Film diameter is 300 μm, with a thickness of 1mm.The depth penetrated is 0.8mm.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have it is beneficial below Effect:
(1) present invention uses graphene diaphragm, greatly compared with the Fabry-perot optical fiber formula local discharge sensor of same type Ground improves the detection sensitivity of sensor;The structural parameters of diaphragm are optimized, so that sensor detection frequency band can satisfy GIS The needs of Partial Discharge Detection;In membrane surface coating polyimide film, the long-term reliability of diaphragm has been ensured;Swashed using femtosecond Light processes micro optical fiber interference cavity, restrained effectively temperature drift.It is controlled based on laser wavelength, stablizes quiescent point.
(2) present invention has anti-electromagnetic interference capability strong compared with traditional electricity shelf depreciation ultrasonic sensor, knot Structure is simple, and size is small and exquisite, is suitble to the advantages of installing inside GIS device.
(3) the present invention is based on the optimization designs of detection device mounting means, so that not influencing while installing the present apparatus The original working environment of electrical equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into The detailed description of one step, in which:
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 local discharge sensor of the present invention;
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 2 micro optical fiber interference cavity of the present invention;
Fig. 3 local discharge sensor mounting means schematic diagram of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference meaning is as follows in figure:
1- tunable laser, 2- laser wavelength control module, 3- optical fiber circulator, 4- single mode optical fiber, 5- micro optical fiber Interference cavity, 6- photodetector, 7- signal wire, 8- filter, 9- data collecting card, 10- polyimide coating, 11- multilayer stone Black alkene diaphragm, 12- fiber end face, 13- fibre cladding, 14- fiber core, 15- thin polymer film, 16- medium window dielectric layer, 17- medium window metal layer, 18- sealing rubber ring.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not used to Limit the present invention.
It is as shown in Fig. 1 the local discharge sensor of combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity of the present invention Structural schematic diagram comprising include: tunable laser 1, laser wavelength control module 2, optical fiber circulator 3, single mode optical fiber 4, micro optical fiber interference cavity 5, photodetector 6, signal wire 7, filter 8, data collecting card 9;The tunable laser 1 issues Laser the micro optical fiber interference cavity 5 is passed to by the single mode optical fiber 4 after the optical fiber circulator 3, it is dry in the micro optical fiber It relates to and forms interference in chamber 5, reflected light is returned along the single mode optical fiber 4, inputs the photodetection after the optical fiber circulator 3 Light intensity signal is transformed to electric signal by device 6, is transmitted to the laser wavelength control module 2 and described respectively through the signal wire 7 Filter 8;It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of the filter 8, data collecting card 9 is transmitted to after high-pass filtering, record detects Processing of Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Signals waveform.It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of the laser control module 2, by the laser control Molding block 2 records the static light intensity of reflected light, compares with the reference value stored before, after light intensity value deviation exceeds threshold value, The wavelength that the tunable laser 1 exports laser is adjusted by the laser control module 2.
The principle that the present invention detects shelf depreciation is: when generating shelf depreciation inside GIS, meeting excitation ultrasound wave signal, Its frequency band when ultrasonic signal propagation is to low-light nanofarads Fabry-Parot interferent chamber diaphragm, will cause the vibration of graphene diaphragm in 20-80kHz It is dynamic, cause the interference condition inside interference cavity to change, the light intensity of reflected light changes therewith, so as to pass through detection reflection The detection of shelf depreciation is realized in the light intensity variation of light.
The tunable laser 1 is narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, and output power 20mW, tuning range 1526nm are arrived 1567nm, breadth of spectrum line < 300kHz.The filter 8 is high-pass filter, and rejection frequency is made an uproar in 10kHz low frequency below Sound.
Choose and stable method operating point of the present invention: choose the operating point a.: tunable laser is with the speed of 0.4nm/s The entire wave-length coverage (1526nm to 1567nm) of sequential scan, while scanning, laser wavelength control module records reflection Luminous intensity obtains the curve of spectrum, and laser wavelength is arranged in the maximum position of curve of spectrum derivative value, and stores corresponding anti- Luminous intensity is penetrated as reference value.B. stabilization of operating point: laser wavelength control module periodically inquires current reflective luminous intensity and ginseng The deviation for examining value does the adjustment of ± 0.4nm to wavelength when deviation exceeds threshold value.
Attached drawing 2 is micro optical fiber interference cavity structural schematic diagram of the present invention, and the micro optical fiber interference cavity 5 includes: polyamides Imines coating 10, multi-layer graphene diaphragm 11, fiber end face 12;Polyimide coating 10 is with a thickness of 1000nm, to Multi-layer graphite Alkene diaphragm 11 shields;For multi-layer graphene diaphragm 11 with a thickness of 100nm, diameter is 125 μm;By 12 He of fiber end face The cavity length that the graphene diaphragm 11 is formed is 17 μm, and width is 60 μm, effective vibration disc of multi-layer graphene diaphragm Diameter is 60 μm, and ultrasound examination frequency band is up to 95kHz;Micro optical fiber interference cavity is processed using femtosecond laser in inside of optical fibre.
Attached drawing 3 is sensor mounting means schematic diagram of the present invention, and the micro optical fiber interference cavity 5 is mounted on gas The medium window of insulated full-enclosed combined electrical apparatus GIS, medium window include the medium window dielectric layer 16 on upper layer and the medium window gold of lower layer Belong to layer 17;The micropore that a diameter is 127 μm is opened in medium window dielectric layer 16 and 17 center of metal layer, in the end of micropore in medium A thin polymer film 15 is bonded on window dielectric layer 16, for thin polymer film 15 with a thickness of 1mm, diameter is 300 μm;It inserts optical fibers into micro- Hole, wherein micro optical fiber interference cavity 5 should be inserted into inside thin polymer film, depth of penetration 0.8mm, backward micropore in inject glue, Sealing rubber ring is installed additional in 17 end of dielectric layer metal layer, avoids the leakage of GIS internal gas.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is clear that those skilled in the art Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention by member without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.If in this way, of the invention Within the scope of the claims of the present invention and its equivalent technology, then the present invention is also intended to encompass these to these modifications and variations Including modification and variation.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of local discharge sensor for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity characterized by comprising tunable Laser (1), laser wavelength control module (2), optical fiber circulator (3), single mode optical fiber (4), micro optical fiber interference cavity (5), light Electric explorer (6), signal wire (7), filter (8), data collecting card (9);
The laser that the tunable laser (1) issues is passed to institute by the single mode optical fiber (4) after the optical fiber circulator (3) Micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) are stated, form interference in the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5), reflected light is returned along the single mode optical fiber (4) It returns, the photodetector (6) is inputted after the optical fiber circulator (3), light intensity signal is transformed to electric signal, through the letter Number line (7) is transmitted to the laser wavelength control module (2) and the filter (8) respectively;Wherein it is transmitted to the filter (8) Signal all the way, data collecting card (9) are transmitted to after high-pass filtering, record the Processing of Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Signals waveform detected.
2. a kind of local discharge sensor for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as described in claim 1, special Sign is that the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) includes: polyimide coating (10), multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11), fiber end face (12);Wherein the polyimide coating (10) shields to the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11);By the optical fiber end Face (12) and the graphene diaphragm (11) form cavity.
3. a kind of local discharge sensor for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 2, special Sign is that the polyimide coating (10) is with a thickness of 1000nm, and the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11) is with a thickness of 100nm, directly Diameter is 125 μm;The cavity length is 17 μm, and width is 60 μm.
4. a kind of local discharge sensor for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, It is characterized in that, the cavity is processed using femtosecond laser in inside of optical fibre, effective vibration disc of the multi-layer graphene diaphragm Diameter is 60 μm, and ultrasound examination frequency band is up to 95kHz.
5. a kind of local discharge sensor for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as described in claim 1, special Sign is that the tunable laser (1) is narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, and output power 20mW, tuning range 1526nm are arrived 1567nm, breadth of spectrum line < 300kHz.
6. a kind of local discharge sensor for combining graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as described in claim 1, special Sign is that the filter (8) is high-pass filter, and rejection frequency is in 10kHz low-frequency noise below.
7. the shelf depreciation of a kind of combination graphene diaphragm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 and micro optical fiber interference cavity senses Device, which is characterized in that the signal all the way of the laser control module (2) is wherein transmitted to, by the laser control module (2) The static light intensity for recording reflected light, compares with the reference value stored before, after light intensity value deviation exceeds threshold value, is swashed by described Light device control module (2) adjusts the wavelength of tunable laser (1) the output laser.
8. a kind of detection method for local discharge based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity, which is characterized in that can The laser that tuned laser (1) issues is passed to micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) by single mode optical fiber (4) after optical fiber circulator (3), Interference is formed in the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5), reflected light is returned along the single mode optical fiber (4), through the optical fiber circulator (3) Photodetector (6) are inputted afterwards, light intensity signal is transformed to electric signal, is then transmitted to laser wavelength respectively through signal wire (7) Control module (2) and filter (8);It is wherein transmitted to the signal all the way of filter (8), data collecting card is transmitted to after high-pass filtering (9), the Processing of Partial Discharge Ultrasonic Signals waveform detected is recorded.
9. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection side based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 7 Method, which is characterized in that the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) includes: polyimide coating (10), multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11), light Fine end face (12);Wherein the polyimide coating (10) shields to the multi-layer graphene diaphragm (11);By described Fiber end face (12) and the graphene diaphragm (11) form cavity.
10. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection side based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 9 Method, which is characterized in that the polyimide coating (10) with a thickness of 1000nm, the polyimide coating (10) with a thickness of 1000nm, the cavity length are 17 μm, and width is 60 μm.
11. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 8 or 9 Method, which is characterized in that the cavity is processed using femtosecond laser in inside of optical fibre, effective vibration of the multi-layer graphene diaphragm Dynamic disc diameter is 60 μm, and ultrasound examination frequency band is up to 95kHz.
12. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection side based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 8 Method, which is characterized in that the tunable laser (1) is narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser, output power 20mW, tuning range 1526nm to 1567nm, breadth of spectrum line < 300kHz.
13. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection side based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 8 Method, which is characterized in that the filter (8) is high-pass filter, and rejection frequency is in 10kHz low-frequency noise below.
14. as claim 8-13 it is described in any item it is a kind of based on combination graphene diaphragm and the part of micro optical fiber interference cavity put Electric detection method, which is characterized in that the signal all the way of the laser control module (2) is wherein transmitted to, by the laser control Molding block (2) records the static light intensity of reflected light, compares with the reference value stored before, when light intensity value deviation exceeds threshold value Afterwards, the wavelength of tunable laser (1) the output laser is adjusted by the laser control module (2).
15. as claim 8-13 it is described in any item it is a kind of based on combination graphene diaphragm and the part of micro optical fiber interference cavity put Electric detection method, which is characterized in that the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) is mounted on gas-insulating and fully-enclosed combined electrical apparatus (GIS) Medium window.
16. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection side based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 15 Method, which is characterized in that the micropore through dielectric layer and metal layer that a diameter is 127 μm is opened in the medium window center, micro- Bore ends are bonded a thin polymer film, and micro optical fiber interference cavity is inserted into the micropore, the end of the micro optical fiber interference cavity (5) It penetrates in thin polymer film, glue is then injected into the micropore, and install sealing rubber ring additional in the metal layer end.
17. a kind of Partial Discharge Detection side based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as claimed in claim 16 Method, which is characterized in that the thin polymer film diameter is 300 μm, with a thickness of 1mm.
18. a kind of shelf depreciation based on combination graphene diaphragm and micro optical fiber interference cavity as described in claim 16 or 17 is examined Survey method, which is characterized in that the depth penetrated is 0.8mm.
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CN113589113A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-11-02 重庆大学 Local discharge multi-frequency combined sensing array based on optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer
CN113589114A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-11-02 重庆大学 Power equipment partial discharge sensing device and machining method and detection system thereof
CN113567818A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-10-29 重庆大学 Fabry-Perot type partial discharge sensing device and method based on cantilever support structure
CN113567818B (en) * 2021-08-16 2024-05-03 重庆大学 Fabry-Perot partial discharge sensing device and method based on cantilever supporting structure
CN113567819A (en) * 2021-08-17 2021-10-29 重庆大学 F-P optical fiber sensing discharge detection device and method based on lens optical fiber

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