CN109649184A - A kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry, controller and its automobile - Google Patents
A kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry, controller and its automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109649184A CN109649184A CN201910047273.4A CN201910047273A CN109649184A CN 109649184 A CN109649184 A CN 109649184A CN 201910047273 A CN201910047273 A CN 201910047273A CN 109649184 A CN109649184 A CN 109649184A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
Abstract
The present invention relates to circuit field more particularly to a kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry, controller and its automobile, the circuit includes: bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, is connected to power battery both ends, is converted for realizing the bidirectional DC/DC of electric current；Loop switch control module is made of multiple controllable switches, for controlling the operating mode of three phase full bridge circuit module and the output mode of output module；Three phase full bridge circuit module is made of multiple controllable switches, for switching the operating mode of multi-function motor controller under the control of loop switch control module；Output module is made of multiple output circuits, under the control of loop switch control module, realizing the output of electric machine controller under different working modes.Control circuit of the present invention can export the bidirectional, dc of power battery and motor by a kind of switch, motor control and single phase ac export the function of controlling, save the cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit field more particularly to a kind of multi-function motor controller circuitrys, controller and its automobile.
Background technique
With the rapid development and continuous improvement of people's living standards of auto industry, automobile have become people trip,
One of indispensable vehicles such as shipping.Meanwhile the energy shortage in face of being on the rise and environmental degradation problem, pure electric vehicle
Automobile is simple and for ease of maintenaince because having many advantages, such as low energy consumption, zero-emission, low noise, high energy source utilization rate, structure, by wide
General concern is the direction of current China Automobile Industry.
Currently, most of electric machine controller on electric car with motor control for its unique function, small part has pair
The function of outer output electric energy, but it can only be alternating current that it, which externally exports the form of electric energy, it is in the form of a single, lead to electric vehicle motor control
The application scenarios of device processed compare limitation；And energy flux mode is only the function of not having bidirectional energy circulation unidirectionally, it is practical
Property is inadequate.
It can be seen that existing electric machine controller control technology there are problems that having a single function, lead to electric machine controller
Application scenarios limitation is big, is unable to satisfy the demand of people.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for above-mentioned problem, provide a kind of function electric machine controller circuit, controller and its vapour
Vehicle.
The present invention provides a kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry, the multi-functional electricity in one of the embodiments,
Machine controller circuit includes:
Bidirectional DC/DC conversion module is connected to power battery both ends, becomes for realizing the bidirectional DC/DC of power battery electric current
It changes；
Loop switch control module is made of multiple controllable switches, for controlling the Working mould of three phase full bridge circuit module
The output mode of formula and output module；
The three phase full bridge circuit module, is made of multiple controllable switches, is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC conversion module and institute
Loop switch control module is stated, under the control of the loop switch control module, switching the multi-function motor control
The operating mode of device；
The output module is made of multiple output circuits, is connected to the loop switch module and external load, is used for
Under the control of the loop switch control module, the output of the electric machine controller under different working modes is realized.
The present invention provides a kind of multi-function motor controllers in one of the embodiments, comprising:
Power access end provides electric power for connecting power battery for the multi-function motor controller；
Incoming end is loaded, for connecting load；
Control circuit, using a kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry described in above-described embodiment, for realizing described
The control function of multi-function motor controller.
In one of the embodiments, the present invention also provides a kind of electric car, including power battery, motor and above-mentioned
The control of multi-function motor controller as described in the examples, the power battery and motor in the multi-function motor controller
System is lower to realize bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC function, motor control function and output single-phase alternating current and direct current Electricity Functional.
Multi-function motor controller circuitry, controller and its automobile in the embodiment of the present invention, are converted by bidirectional DC/DC
The control of module, loop switch control module, three phase full bridge circuit module and output module can complete the double of power battery
To step-up/step-down DC/DC function, the function of motor control function and output single-phase alternating current and bidirectional, dc electricity is completed, and more
Group function by one group of control opens switch control, can effective save the cost vehicle volume can be replaced directly for automotive field
The boost DC/DC module of outer demand realizes integrated, the saving interior space of fuel cell DCDC module and electric machine controller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the multi-function motor controller circuitry figure provided in one embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the motor controller structure schematic diagram provided in one embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
It is appreciated that term " first " used in this application, " second " etc. can be used to describe various elements herein,
But unless stated otherwise, these elements should not be limited by these terms.These terms are only used to by first element and another yuan
Part is distinguished.For example, in the case where not departing from scope of the present application, the first xx unit can be known as the 2nd xx unit,
And similarly, the 2nd xx unit can be known as the first xx unit.
Fig. 1 is multi-function motor controller circuitry figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and details are as follows.
In embodiments of the present invention, the multi-function motor controller circuitry includes:
Bidirectional DC/DC conversion module 101 is connected to 110 both ends of power battery, for realizing the double of 110 electric current of power battery
It is converted to DCDC；Loop switch control module 103 is made of multiple controllable switches, for controlling three phase full bridge circuit module 102
Operating mode and output module output mode；The three phase full bridge circuit module 102, is made of multiple controllable switches, even
Lead to the bidirectional DC/DC conversion module 101 and the loop switch control module 103, in the loop switch control module
Under 103 control, switch the operating mode of the multi-function motor controller；The output module, by multiple output circuit structures
At, it is connected to the loop switch module 103 and external load, it is real under the control of the loop switch control module 103
The existing output of the electric machine controller under different working modes.
As an embodiment of the present invention, power battery 110 can be the batteries such as lithium battery, lead storage battery, can also be with
It is the DC power supplies such as fuel cell, distance increasing unit, the charge and discharge of electric current can be carried out.Bidirectional DC/DC conversion module 101 by BUCK~
BOOST circuit is constituted, and is included multiple controllable switches, is connected on two output terminals of power battery, realizes that power battery fills
The bidirectional DC/DC variation of electric current in discharge process；Loop switch control module 102 is made of multiple controllable switches, wherein controllably opening
It closes and uses controllable semiconductor switch, as (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar are brilliant by IGBT
Body pipe), MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET, metal-oxygen
Compound semiconductor field effect transistor) etc. power electronics semiconductor devices, bidirectional DC/DC is converted by multiple reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors
Module 101 and loop switch control module 103 connect, and adjust the relationship for being closed, opening between each switch, and control two-way
It is each in DCDC conversion module to switch on and be closed, it can be realized to bidirectional DC/DC conversion module 101 and loop switch control
The different control function of controller is realized in the control of molding block 103；Output module is made of multiple output circuits, by multiple
Output circuit link circuit switching control module and external load, by the control of the controllable switch of loop switch control module or
The control of controllable switch on person's output circuit can be realized circuit and be realized by different output circuits to different loads
Driving.
The embodiment of the present invention by bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, loop switch control module, three phase full bridge circuit module with
And the control of output module, it can complete the bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC function of power battery, complete motor control function and defeated
The function of single-phase alternating current and bidirectional, dc electricity out, and multiple function opens switch control by one group of control, it can be effective
Save the cost.
In embodiments of the present invention, the bidirectional DC/DC module includes three groups of BUCK-BOOST circuits and one parallel with one another
A capacitor, every group of BUCK-BOOST circuit convert controllable switch structure by a buck filter inductance and two step-up/step-down DC/DCs
At, described two step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch series connection and interlocking, described two step-up/step-down DC/DCs transformation controllable switches
The buck filter inductance is connected between tie point and the power battery, the capacitor is in parallel with the power battery.
As shown in Figure 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, bidirectional DC/DC conversion module 101 be by inductance L1, L2, L3 with
And controllable switch semiconductor T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 composition, three groups of BUCK-BOOST circuits are constituted, it can be achieved that bidirectional DC/DC becomes
It changes.Wherein step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch can select reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, such as IGBT, MOSFET electricity according to actual needs
Power electronic semiconductor components；Step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch T1, T2 are serially connected, between T1 and T2 tie point and power battery
It is connected with inductance L1；Step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch T3, T4 are serially connected, and are connected between T3 and T4 tie point and power battery
There is inductance L2；Step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch T5, T6 are serially connected, and are connected with electricity between T5 and T6 tie point and power battery
Feel L3；Step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch T1, T3, T5 and T2, T4, T6 not connected one end is shorted respectively；Step-up/step-down DC/DC
Convert controllable switch T1, T3, T5 and T2, T4, T6 switch interlock；When step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch T1, T3, T5 are opened
It closes, when T2, T4, T6 end, constitutes decompression BUCK type dcdc converter；When step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch T1, T3, T5 are cut
Only, when T2, T4, T6 are switched, boosting BOOST type dcdc converter is constituted；To realize that bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC converts
Function.
The embodiment of the present invention constitutes three groups of BUCK-BOOST circuits by multiple controllable switch semiconductors and multiple inductance, then
Combination forms bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, is opened and is opened and closed by the cooperation between the multiple step-up/step-down DC/DCs transformation controllable switches of change
The relationship of conjunction, it can be achieved that when power battery charge and discharge electric current bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC mapping function.
In embodiments of the present invention, the loop switch control module converts controllable switch structure by multiple groups step-up/step-down DC/DC
At for being connected to multiple output circuits of the three phase full bridge circuit module Yu the output module.
As shown in Figure 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, loop switch control module be by relay K1, K2, K3, K4,
K5, K6, K7, K8 composition, relay K1, K2, K3 are connected with gating switch T11 with T12, T9 with T10, T7 with the junction T8 respectively
It connects, the not connected end relay K1, K2, K3 is connected respectively to the three-phase input end of motor；Relay K4, K5, K6 respectively with gating
Switch T11 is connected with T12, T9 with T10, T7 with the junction T8, the not connected end relay K4, K5, K6 respectively with inductance L4,
L5, L6 connection；Relay K7, K8 are connected with gating switch T7 with T8, T9 with the junction T10 respectively, and relay K7, K8 do not connect
End is connect to connect with capacitor C6, inductance L7 respectively.As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, electric current relay is can be used in relay
Reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, such as IGBT, MOSFET can be used in the relay switches such as device, voltage relay, impedance relay, gating switch
Power electronics semiconductor device.
The embodiment of the present invention is realized by the working condition of the multiple relay switches of control to electric machine controller output circuit
Selection, one group of control realizes various control function, save the cost.
In embodiments of the present invention, the three phase full bridge circuit module is formed in parallel by three gating circuits, every gating
Circuit is connected in series by two gating switches.
As shown in Figure 1, as one embodiment of the invention, three phase full bridge circuit module 102 be by gating switch T7, T8,
T9, T10, T11, T12 composition, gating switch can use such as IGBT, MOSFET power electronics semiconductor device, wherein choosing
It opens up pass T7, T8 to be serially connected, gating switch T9, T10 are serially connected, and gating switch T11, T12 are serially connected, gating switch T7
It is shorted respectively with the one end being not connected with T8, T9 and T10, T11 and T12, the both ends after short circuit are in parallel with capacitor C2, each gating
It switchs under the control of circuit control switching module, when relay K1, K2, K3 are closed, relay K4, K5, K6, K7, K8 are disconnected,
Capacitor C2 and gating switch T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12 constitute three phase full bridge electric machine controller, it can be achieved that motor work is in electricity
Dynamic and two kinds of working conditions of power generation；When gating switch T7, T9, T11 cut-off, when T8, T10, T12 are switched, then BOOST is constituted
Type boost DC-DC converter；When gating switch T8, T10, T12 end, when T7, T9, T11 are switched, then BUCK type drop is constituted
Press dcdc converter；Two-way DCDC buck output function can be realized, gating switch T7, T8, T9, T10 can also be with electricity
Feel L7 and capacitor C6 and constitute one group of single-phase rectification bridge, external output single-phase exchange Electricity Functional can be realized.
The three phase full bridge circuit module of the embodiment of the present invention is made of multiple gating switches, is partly led by adjusting each switch
The working condition of body, can control electric machine controller realize bidirectional DC/DC buck output function, externally output exchange Electricity Functional with
And realize that motor work controls motor and complete a variety of function in both electronic and power generations working condition by one group of gating switch
Can, save the cost.
In embodiments of the present invention, the output module includes circuit for controlling motor, DC output circuit and exchanges output
Circuit.
As shown in Figure 1, output module includes circuit for controlling motor 106, direct current output electricity as an embodiment of the present invention
Road 104 and exchange output circuit 105, wherein circuit for controlling motor is connected to motor, under motor powered working condition
Driving motor rotation, the electric energy that feeder motor is sent in electric power generation state；It is negative that DC output circuit 104 connects direct current output
It carries, drives DC load, exchange output circuit connection exchange output loading drives AC load.
The embodiment of the present invention passes through setting circuit for controlling motor 106, DC output circuit 104 and exchange output circuit
105, it realizes driving of the electric machine controller to different loads, completes the multi-functional control function of electric machine controller.
In embodiments of the present invention, the circuit for controlling motor is three controls electricity from the three phase full bridge circuit module
Third and three output terminals of the 4th tie point extraction drive for being connected to three input terminals of three-phase motor in road
The rotation of three-phase motor.
As shown in Figure 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, relay switch K1, K2, K3's of loop switch module 103
It is respectively connected to the tie point of the T7 and T8 of three phase full bridge translation circuit module 102, the tie point of T9 and T10 and T11 and T12
Tie point, the other end is connected to motor 107, and when relay K1, K2, K3 are closed, relay K4, K5, K6, K7, K8 are disconnected,
Capacitor C2 and gating switch T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12 constitute three phase full bridge electric machine controller, it can be achieved that 107 work of motor
Make in electronic and two kinds of working conditions of power generation.
The embodiment of the present invention is by three relay switches, in conjunction with bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, three phase full bridge circuit module
And loop switch control module realizes the selection of electrical machine working mode, makes motor work in electric model or electric model
Under, realize the charge and discharge process of power battery.
In embodiments of the present invention, the DC output circuit is made of three DC filtering circuits, every DC filtering
Circuit is connected in series by a DC filtering inductance and a DC filter capacitor, and the DC filtering inductance and the direct current
The tie point of filter capacitor connects DC load.
As shown in Figure 1, as one embodiment of the invention, DC output circuit 104 be by DC filtering inductance L4, L5,
L6 and DC filter capacitor C3, C4 and C5 are formed, DC filtering inductance L4, L5, L6 and the not connected end point relay K4, K5, K6
It is not connected with DC filter capacitor C5, C4, C3；The not connected end DC filter capacitor C5, C4, C3 connects with power battery cathode
It connects；DC filtering inductance L4, L5, L6 and the junction DC filter capacitor C5, C4, C3 are separately connected three tunnel DC output interfaces.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, DC load 108 can be arbitrary the load for needing DC powered, such as direct current
Motor, heat generating device etc..
The embodiment of the present invention connects DC load by DC output circuit, and power battery work, can under power mode
DC load work is driven, and passes through the filtering of DC filtering inductance and DC filter capacitor, guarantees the stability of DC current,
Ensure the safety of DC load work.
In embodiments of the present invention, the exchange output circuit is exchanged by least one ac filter inductance at least one
Filter capacitor is constituted, and the ac filter inductance and the ac filter capacitor are connected on appointing for the three phase full bridge circuit module
Anticipate two gating circuits described two gating switches tie point between, the ac filter capacitor both ends connection exchange output
Load.
As shown in Figure 1, exchange output circuit 105 is by ac filter inductance L7 and friendship as an embodiment of the present invention
Filter capacitor C6 composition is flowed, ac filter inductance L7 connects with ac filter capacitor C6, and ac filter inductance L7 is filtered with exchanging
One end that wave capacitor C6 is not connected is connected at the tie point of the tie point of T9 and T10, T7 and T8, and in ac filter
The both ends of capacitor C6 are parallel with AC load 109, and AC load 109 can be any required electrically driven (operated) load of exchange, such as hand over
Galvanic electricity machine, heat generating device etc..When relay K7, K8 are closed, relay K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6 are disconnected, gating switch T7,
T8, T9, T10 and ac filter inductance L7 and ac filter capacitor C6 constitute one group of single-phase rectification bridge, can be realized externally defeated
Single phase ac Electricity Functional out.
The present invention connects AC load by exchange output circuit, and power battery work can drive exchange with power mode
Loaded work piece, and exchange output circuit and connected by inductance and capacitor, in capacitor both ends parallel connection AC load, can effectively protect
The filter effect for demonstrate,proving ac output current, guarantees the stability of ac output current, it is ensured that the safety of AC load.
The embodiment of the present invention by bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, loop switch control module, three phase full bridge circuit module with
And the control of output module, it can complete power battery book bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC function, complete motor control function and defeated
The function of single-phase alternating current and bidirectional, dc electricity out, and multiple function opens switch control by one group of control, it can be effective
Save the cost.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the multi-function motor controller that an embodiment of the present invention provides, and details are as follows.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of multi-function motor controller, comprising:
Power access end 201 provides electric power for connecting power battery 205 for the multi-function motor controller；
Incoming end 203 is loaded, for connecting load 204；
Control circuit 202 is used for using a kind of any of the above-described kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry as described in the examples
Realize the control function of the multi-function motor controller.
As an embodiment of the present invention, power access end 201 is two connecting terminals, for connecting power battery, is born
The multiple groups connecting terminal that incoming end is connection load is carried, for connecting different loads, control electric power is any of the above-described kind of implementation
The multi-function motor controller circuitry provided in example, can be realized by bidirectional DC/DC translation circuit module to power battery voltage
Boosting carries out charge function to it；Three phase full bridge circuit module by with loop switch control module, direct current output module,
The loop combination of single phase ac output module and motor is, it can be achieved that bidirectional, dc DCDC mapping function, single-phase alternating current output work
Energy and motor control function.
The embodiment of the present invention is cut by providing a kind of multi-function motor controller by bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, circuit
The control of control module, three phase full bridge circuit module and output module is changed, power battery book Bidirectional up-down pressure can be completed
DCDC function completes the function of motor control function and output single-phase alternating current and bidirectional, dc electricity, and multiple function is logical
It crosses one group of control and opens switch control, it being capable of effective save the cost.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of electric car, and the electric car includes power battery, motor and above-mentioned
Multi-function motor controller in embodiment, the power battery and motor are under the control of the multi-function motor controller
Realize bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC function, motor control function and output single-phase alternating current and direct current Electricity Functional.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry, which is characterized in that the circuit includes:
Bidirectional DC/DC conversion module is connected to power battery both ends, converts for realizing the bidirectional DC/DC of power battery electric current；
Loop switch control module is made of multiple controllable switches, for control three phase full bridge circuit module operating mode and
The output mode of output module；
The three phase full bridge circuit module, is made of multiple controllable switches, is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC conversion module and described time
Road switching control module, for switching the multi-function motor controller under the control of the loop switch control module
Operating mode；
The output module is made of multiple output circuits, is connected to the loop switch module and external load, for described
Under the control of loop switch control module, the output of the electric machine controller under different working modes is realized.
2. circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bidirectional DC/DC module includes three groups parallel with one another
BUCK-BOOST circuit and a capacitor, every group of BUCK-BOOST circuit is by a buck filter inductance and two bucks
DCDC converts controllable switch and constitutes, described two step-up/step-down DC/DC transformation controllable switch series connection and interlocking, described two bucks
The buck filter inductance, the capacitor and institute are connected between the tie point and the power battery of DCDC transformation controllable switch
State power battery parallel connection.
3. circuit according to claim 2, the loop switch control module is made of multiple groups of loop switching switch, is used for
It is connected to multiple output circuits of the three phase full bridge circuit module Yu the output module.
4. circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the three phase full bridge circuit module by three gating circuits simultaneously
Join, every gating circuit is connected in series by two gating switches.
5. circuit according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the output module includes circuit for controlling motor, direct current
Output circuit with exchange output circuit.
6. circuit according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the circuit for controlling motor is from described two gating switches
Tie point draw three output terminals drive the rotation of three-phase motor for being connected to three input terminals of three-phase motor.
7. circuit according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the DC output circuit is by three DC filtering circuit structures
At every DC filtering circuit is connected in series by a DC filtering inductance and a DC filter capacitor, and the direct current is filtered
Wave inductance connect DC load with the tie point of the DC filter capacitor.
8. circuit according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the exchange output circuit is by least one ac filter electricity
Sense and at least one ac filter capacitor are constituted, and the ac filter inductance and the ac filter capacitor are connected on the three-phase
Between the tie point of described two gating switches of any two gating circuits of full-bridge circuit module, the ac filter capacitor
Both ends connection exchange output loading.
9. a kind of multi-function motor controller characterized by comprising
Power access end provides electric power for connecting power battery for the multi-function motor controller；
Incoming end is loaded, for connecting load；
Control circuit is used using a kind of multi-function motor controller circuitry described in any one of claim 1-8 claim
In the control function for realizing the multi-function motor controller.
10. a kind of electric car, which is characterized in that including power battery, motor and multi-function motor as claimed in claim 9
Controller, the power battery and motor realize bidirectional step-up/step-down DC/DC function under the control of the multi-function motor controller
Energy, motor control function and output single-phase alternating current and direct current Electricity Functional.
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| CN111614255A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-01 | 南宁学院 | Portable voltage converter |
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Application publication date: 20190419 |