CN109494799A - Based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system and its control method for opening winding construction - Google Patents
Based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system and its control method for opening winding construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109494799A CN109494799A CN201811533049.8A CN201811533049A CN109494799A CN 109494799 A CN109494799 A CN 109494799A CN 201811533049 A CN201811533049 A CN 201811533049A CN 109494799 A CN109494799 A CN 109494799A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system and its control method of opening winding construction, the grid-connected system opens the neutral point of magneto alternator, become out winding construction, one end is directly incorporated into AC network, and the other end accesses a current transformer.Control method of the present invention is output to the active power of power grid by adjusting the adjustable generator system of power that prime mover inputs, it is output to the reactive power of power grid by adjusting the adjustable generator system of offset voltage vector that current transformer generates, realizes the decoupling control of active power and reactive power.The present invention opens winding permanent magnet synchronous generator system compared with traditional electrical excitation synchronous generator system, eliminate direct current exciting device, reduce the complexity of system structure, improve the reliability and whole efficiency of system structure, compared with traditional magneto alternator system, the quantity for reducing current transformer, reduces costs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical fields of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and in particular to a kind of based on the magneto alternator for opening winding construction
Direct grid-connected system and its control method.
Background technique
Electric excitation synchronous motor is a kind of electric machine structure being widely adopted in generation current machine system, is transported to power grid
Active power is directly determined by the mechanical output that prime mover inputs, but electricity can be changed by the size of adjusting exciting current
The magnetic linkage size of machine is finally completed the adjusting to the reactive power for being transported to power grid to change the amplitude of counter electromotive force, control
Principle is also relatively simple.Traditional electrical excitation synchronous generator system structure as shown in Figure 1, the single-ended outlet of generator unit stator winding,
Directly it is connected with AC network, after AC network is by a current transformer rectification, then passing through the devices such as slip ring, carbon brush is generator
Excitation winding power supply on rotor；The active power that generator system is output to power grid is determined by the mechanical output that prime mover inputs
Fixed, the reactive power for being output to power grid can be realized by adjusting exciting current.But traditional electrical excitation synchronous generator system
A set of direct current exciting device is needed, causes the structure of entire generator system complex, reliability is lower, and due to existing
The loss of energized circuit causes the whole efficiency of generator system lower.
In comparison, it is excellent to have that structure is simple, power density is high, high-efficient, flexible structure is various etc. for permanent magnet synchronous motor
Point, being constantly progressive and develop with actuation techniques, application have spread aerospace, national defence, industrial and agricultural production and daily
The every field of life.In recent years, with the increasingly raising of material property, designing technique and technological level, permanent magnet synchronous motor
Power grade be just gradually increased, widely applied in fields such as the energy, industry and communications and transportation.Such as it is sent out in wind-force
Electricity, new-energy automobile, high-speed railway, Ship Propeling, more electric aircrafts and the applications such as the full electric drive in naval vessel and mining machinery, forever
Magnetic-synchro motor all has extremely powerful competitiveness and wide application prospect.
Traditional magneto alternator system structure is as shown in Fig. 2, the single-ended outlet of generator unit stator winding, by back-to-back
It is connected again with power grid after two current transformers of formula；Since the system is generated electricity using permanent magnet synchronous motor, magnetic linkage is directly by forever
Magnet rotor generates, so direct current exciting device is cancelled, then the reliability of system structure and whole efficiency are all mentioned
It is high.But since the magnetic linkage that permanent magnet generates is unadjustable, if stator winding is directly incorporated to AC network, then exporting
Reactive power to power grid is unadjustable, so being connected again with power grid after needing two current transformers by back-to-back type, still
Increase cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the present invention provides a kind of based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system for opening winding construction and
Its control method can be realized the decoupling control of active power and reactive power, and structure is simple, and cost is relatively low.
It is a kind of based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system for opening winding construction, comprising: open the synchronous hair of winding permanent magnet
Motor, current transformer and controller；For the winding permanent magnet synchronous generator of opening with three-phase windings, the current transformer is complete using three-phase
The controllable inverter of bridge；
Described open in winding permanent magnet synchronous generator corresponds to phase upper and lower bridge arm in one end of any phase winding and current transformer
Central contact is connected, and the other end is directly connected with the corresponding phase line of AC network；
The controller for acquire the three-phase windings electric current for opening winding permanent magnet synchronous generator, grid entry point line voltage and
The DC bus-bar voltage of current transformer constructs pwm signal in current transformer by corresponding control strategy according to these electrical quantity
Device for power switching controlled.
The control method of above-mentioned magneto alternator direct grid-connected system, includes the following steps:
(1) the DC bus-bar voltage V of current transformer is obtained by acquisitionC, open the three-phase windings of winding permanent magnet synchronous generator
Electric current ia~icAnd grid entry point line voltage, and estimate the space bit angle setting θ of network voltage vectorg；
(2) space bit angle setting θ is utilizedgTo three-phase windings electric current ia~icPark transformation is carried out, it is synchronous to obtain out winding permanent magnet
The watt current i of generatorPWith reactive current iQ；
(3) make reactive current iQSubtract referenced reactive current iQ_refDifference afterwards obtains reactive compensation electricity by integration control
Pressure instruction UcomQ_ref；Make DC bus-bar voltage VCSubtract preset DC voltage instruction VC_refDifference afterwards passes through PI (ratio product
Point) control obtain active compensated voltage instruction UcomP_ref；
(4) according to watt current iPWith reactive current iQAnd active compensated voltage instruction UcomP_refWith reactive compensation voltage
Instruct UcomQ_ref, calculate compensation reference voltage vector Ucom_ref；
(5) space bit angle setting θ is utilizedgTo compensation reference voltage vector Ucom_refIt is coordinately transformed to obtain under alpha-beta coordinate system
Reference voltage vector Uαβ, and then according to reference voltage vector UαβPass through SVPWM (Space VectorPulse Width
Modulation, space vector pulse width modulation) one group of pwm signal is calculated to the power switch device in current transformer in technology
Part is controlled.
Further, winding permanent magnet synchronous generator AB two-phase is opened using current sensor acquisition in the step (1)
Winding current iaAnd ib, and then according to formula ic=-ia-ibCalculate the C phase winding electric current i of magneto alternatorc。
Further, winding permanent magnet synchronous generator grid entry point A phase is opened using voltage sensor acquisition in the step (1)
Line voltage v between B phaseabAnd the line voltage v between B phase and C phasebc, and then according to line voltage vabAnd vbcPass through phaselocked loop
Estimate the space bit angle setting θ of network voltage vectorg。
Further, the referenced reactive current iQ_refCalculation expression it is as follows:
Wherein: QrefTo open the reactive power instruction that winding permanent magnet synchronous generator is output to AC network, QrefBe positive table
Show output capacitive reactive power, QrefBe negative expression output inductive reactive power, UgFor AC network phase voltage amplitude.
Further, compensation reference voltage vector U is calculated by the following formula in the step (4)com_ref；
Wherein: j is imaginary unit.
Grid-connected system of the present invention opens the neutral point of magneto alternator, becomes out winding construction, one end is directly simultaneously
Enter AC network, the other end accesses a current transformer.Control method of the present invention can be adjusted by adjusting the power that prime mover inputs
Section generator system is output to the active power of power grid, the adjustable power generation of offset voltage vector generated by adjusting current transformer
Machine system is output to the reactive power of power grid, realizes the decoupling control of active power and reactive power.The present invention opens winding permanent magnet
Synchronous generator system eliminates direct current exciting device, reduces system compared with traditional electrical excitation synchronous generator system
The complexity of structure improves the reliability and whole efficiency of system structure, with traditional magneto alternator system phase
Than reducing the quantity of current transformer, reducing costs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of traditional electrical excitation synchronous generator system.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of traditional magneto alternator system.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system that the present invention opens winding construction.
Fig. 4 is the control principle schematic diagram that the present invention opens winding permanent magnet synchronous generator direct grid-connected system.
Fig. 5 (a) is that the present invention opens the reactive power waveform diagram that winding permanent magnet synchronous generator is output to power grid.
Fig. 5 (b) is that the present invention opens the active power waveform diagram that winding permanent magnet synchronous generator is output to power grid.
Fig. 6 is the waveform diagram of current transformer dc-link capacitance voltage in present system.
Fig. 7 (a) is the phase current waveform figure that the present invention opens winding permanent magnet synchronous generator when exporting inductive reactive power.
Fig. 7 (b) is the waveform diagram that the present invention opens network voltage when winding permanent magnet synchronous generator exports inductive reactive power.
Fig. 8 (a) is the phase current waveform figure that the present invention opens winding permanent magnet synchronous generator when exporting capacitive reactive power.
Fig. 8 (b) is the waveform diagram that the present invention opens network voltage when winding permanent magnet synchronous generator exports capacitive reactive power.
Specific embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is to technical solution of the present invention
It is described in detail.
The present invention is based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected systems for opening winding construction, open as shown in figure 3, including one
Winding permanent magnet synchronous generator, a current transformer and a controller；Wherein:
Winding permanent magnet synchronous generator is opened with three-phase windings, current transformer uses the controllable inverter of three phase full bridge, direct current
End is parallel with dc-link capacitance C, and each bridge arm is composed in series by least one full-control type power electronic switching device, this implementation
Wholly-controled device can use IGBT in mode.
It opens and corresponds to the center of phase upper and lower bridge arm in one end and current transformer of any phase winding of winding permanent magnet synchronous generator and connect
Point is connected, and the other end is directly corresponding with AC network to be mutually connected.
Controller is used to acquire the phase current i of magneto alternatora、ib、ic, the line voltage u of grid entry pointabAnd ubcAnd
The voltage V of dc-link capacitanceC, and then pwm signal is constructed to control current transformer by control strategy；This embodiment party
Controller uses DSP in formula.
The control method of magneto alternator direct grid-connected system of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, including the following steps:
A1. the voltage V of dc-link capacitance is acquiredC；Acquire the biphase current i of magneto alternatora、ib, and by following
Formula calculates third phase current ic；
ic=-ia-ib
Acquire the line voltage u of grid entry pointabAnd ubc, and then estimate using phaselocked loop the spatial position of network voltage vector
Angle θg。
A2. the space bit angle setting θ of network voltage vector is utilizedgTo phase current ia、ib、icIt is coordinately transformed, obtains active
Electric current iPWith reactive current iQ。
A3. referenced reactive current i is calculated according to following formulaQ_ref:
Wherein: QrefFor the reactive power instruction for being output to power grid, QrefBe positive representative output capacitive reactive power, QrefIt is negative generation
Table exports inductive reactive power, UgFor network voltage phase amplitude.
Calculate reactive current iQWith referenced reactive current iQ_refDifference, according to following formula carry out integral adjustment obtain nothing
Function compensated voltage instruction UcomQ_ref；
Wherein: Ki_QFor integral coefficient, K in present embodimenti_Q=100.
A4. dc-link capacitance voltage V is calculatedCV is instructed with preset DC voltageC_refDifference, according to following formula
Proportional integration is carried out to adjust to obtain active compensated voltage instruction UcomP_ref；
Wherein: Kp_PAnd Ki_PRespectively proportionality coefficient and integral coefficient, K in present embodimentp_P=3, Ki_P=100.
A5. according to reactive compensation voltage instruction UcomQ_refWith active compensated voltage instruction UcomQ_refAnd phase current has
Function component iPWith reactive component iQ, compensation reference voltage vector U is calculated according to following formulacom_ref；
A6. according to compensation reference voltage vector Ucom_ref, pwm signal is obtained by SVPWM technology, current transformer is controlled
System.
We carry out emulation testing, selected permanent magnet synchronous wind generator parameter such as table 1 to present embodiment below
It is shown:
Table 1
Fig. 5 (a)~Fig. 5 (b), Fig. 6, Fig. 7 (a)~Fig. 7 (b), Fig. 8 (a)~Fig. 8 (b) are using present embodiment pair
Open the simulation waveform that winding permanent magnet wind power direct current grid-connected system is controlled, the waveform of Fig. 5 (a)~Fig. 5 (b) and Fig. 6 take 0s~
1.2s period, the waveform of Fig. 7 take 0.4s~0.5s period, and Fig. 8 (a)~Fig. 8 (b) waveform takes 1.0s~1.1s time
Section.When 0s~0.6s magneto alternator be output to power grid reactive power instruction be -0.37p.u. (perception), 0.6s~
The reactive power instruction that power grid is output to when 1.2s is 0.37p.u. (capacitive).From Fig. 5 (a) as can be seen that referring in reactive power
It enables after changing, the reactive power of the magneto alternator reality output instruction Q_ref on 0.4s heel, generator system weight
Stable state newly is operated in, illustrates the validity of control method of the present invention.The THD of phase current is 2.9%, Fig. 8 in Fig. 7 (a)
(a) THD of phase current is 3.9% in, illustrates that magneto alternator is output to the power quality of power grid all in two stable states
It meets the requirements.In addition, as can be seen from Figure 6 dc-link capacitance voltage remains constant substantially, simulation results show of the invention
System can be realized and control strategy is effective.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is for that can understand and apply the invention convenient for those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to above-described embodiment, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, the improvement made for the present invention and modification all should be in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of based on the magneto alternator direct grid-connected system for opening winding construction, it is characterised in that: including opening winding forever
Magnetic-synchro generator, current transformer and controller；The winding permanent magnet synchronous generator of opening with three-phase windings, adopt by the current transformer
With the controllable inverter of three phase full bridge；
It is described to open the center for corresponding to phase upper and lower bridge arm in winding permanent magnet synchronous generator in one end of any phase winding and current transformer
Contact is connected, and the other end is directly connected with the corresponding phase line of AC network；
The controller is for acquiring the three-phase windings electric current for opening winding permanent magnet synchronous generator, grid entry point line voltage and unsteady flow
The DC bus-bar voltage of device constructs pwm signal to the function in current transformer by corresponding control strategy according to these electrical quantity
Rate switching device is controlled.
2. the control method of magneto alternator direct grid-connected system as described in claim 1, includes the following steps:
(1) the DC bus-bar voltage V of current transformer is obtained by acquisitionC, open the three-phase windings electric current i of winding permanent magnet synchronous generatora
~icAnd grid entry point line voltage, and estimate the space bit angle setting θ of network voltage vectorg；
(2) space bit angle setting θ is utilizedgTo three-phase windings electric current ia~icPark transformation is carried out, winding permanent magnet synchronous generator is obtained out
The watt current i of machinePWith reactive current iQ；
(3) make reactive current iQSubtract referenced reactive current iQ_refDifference afterwards obtains reactive compensation voltage by integration control and refers to
Enable UcomQ_ref；Make DC bus-bar voltage VCSubtract preset DC voltage instruction VC_refDifference afterwards controls to obtain active by PI
Compensated voltage instruction UcomP_ref；
(4) according to watt current iPWith reactive current iQAnd active compensated voltage instruction UcomP_refWith reactive compensation voltage instruction
UcomQ_ref, calculate compensation reference voltage vector Ucom_ref；
(5) space bit angle setting θ is utilizedgTo compensation reference voltage vector Ucom_refIt is coordinately transformed to obtain the ginseng under alpha-beta coordinate system
Examine voltage vector Uαβ, and then according to reference voltage vector UαβOne group of pwm signal is calculated to right by SVPWM technology
Device for power switching in current transformer is controlled.
3. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: acquired in the step (1) using current sensor
Open the winding current i of winding permanent magnet synchronous generator AB two-phaseaAnd ib, and then according to formula ic=-ia-ibCalculate permanent-magnet synchronous
The C phase winding electric current i of generatorc。
4. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: acquired in the step (1) using voltage sensor
Open the line voltage v between winding permanent magnet synchronous generator grid entry point A phase and B phaseabAnd the line voltage v between B phase and C phasebc,
And then according to line voltage vabAnd vbcThe space bit angle setting θ of network voltage vector is estimated by phaselocked loopg。
5. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the referenced reactive current iQ_refCalculation expression
It is as follows:
Wherein: QrefTo open the reactive power instruction that winding permanent magnet synchronous generator is output to AC network, QrefBeing positive indicates defeated
Capacitive reactive power out, QrefBe negative expression output inductive reactive power, UgFor AC network phase voltage amplitude.
6. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: be calculated by the following formula benefit in the step (4)
Repay reference voltage vector Ucom_ref；
Wherein: j is imaginary unit.
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| CN201811533049.8A CN109494799B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Permanent magnet synchronous generator direct grid-connected system based on open winding structure and control method thereof |
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| CN201811533049.8A CN109494799B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Permanent magnet synchronous generator direct grid-connected system based on open winding structure and control method thereof |
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| CN110957757A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-04-03 | 合肥工业大学 | Control method of independent direct-current bus open-winding double-inverter photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN113659629A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-11-16 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Synchronous computerized power electronic grid-connected device and control method thereof |
| CN113809881A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-17 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Voltage-stabilizing permanent magnet generator set device and voltage-stabilizing control method |
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| CN109494799B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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