CN109440465A - The method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter - Google Patents

The method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter Download PDF

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CN109440465A
CN109440465A CN201811351025.0A CN201811351025A CN109440465A CN 109440465 A CN109440465 A CN 109440465A CN 201811351025 A CN201811351025 A CN 201811351025A CN 109440465 A CN109440465 A CN 109440465A
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carbon nano
tube fibre
organic matter
stretching
mechanical property
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CN109440465B (en
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余木火
刘百花
张辉
王凯丽
程超
滕翠青
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Donghua University
National Dong Hwa University
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/31Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated nitriles
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/40Fibres of carbon

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method the invention discloses carbon nano-tube fibre by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, which is characterized in that will be put into closed container impregnated of the carbon nano-tube fibre of organic solution, CO is filled with into container2, interior of the container is made to be in supercritical CO2State, after swelling reaction, pressure release at a slow speed obtains modified carbon nano-tube fibre, as needed selectively by it using high-temperature process, so that the organic matter into fibrous inside carries out pre-oxidation carbonization, form the carbon nano-tube fibre of complete carbon structure.The present invention is in supercritical CO2In infiltration organic matter is carried out to modified, supercritical CO to the nascent carbon nano-tube fibre of tensional state2Organic solution can effectively be carried into fiber surface and inside, effectively make carbon nano-tube fibre stretch modulus, tensile strength.The present invention has that economic and environment-friendly, reaction is controllable, the reaction time is short and easy to operate, is suitble to the beneficial effects such as industrialized production.

Description

The method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of carbon nano-tube fibres in supercritical CO2In by stretch dipping organic matter improve mechanical property Method, belong to fibre modification technical field.
Background technique
Carbon nano-tube fibre is a kind of macroscopic form assembled by a large amount of carbon nanotubes, the stretching of carbon nano-tube fibre Intensity can stably reach 1.0GPa or more, but carbon nano-tube fibre is far from playing carbon and receives compared with carbon nanotube The due mechanical advantage of mitron itself, the main reason is that the Van der Waals force between the carbon pipe of composition fiber is weaker, and carbon is received There are a large amount of void contacts areas are less between mitron tube bank, the structure that is loose, being easy sliding each other of formation, and in fiber There is a large amount of cavities in portion, and carbon pipe bulk density is not high, to significantly limit carbon nanotube ontology excellent performance in macroscopic view Performance in the case of fiber.It is opposite between overcoming how by introducing stable connecting portion between carbon pipe and carbon pipe Sliding is the key that prepare high performance carbon nano-tube fibre.
Carbon nano-tube fibre mechanics enhancing at present aspect, the existing a few thing except the techniques such as traditional twisting, drawing-off in addition to The mechanics enhancing that overweights carbon nano-tube fibre, as Chinese patent publication discloses, a kind of application No. is 201210513599.X, names Referred to as: the method for electroluminescent enhancing carbon nano-tube fibre, main technical schemes are abundant with thermosetting resin presoma dilution Carbon nano-tube fibre is infiltrated, passes to electric current in the carbon nano-tube fibre after infiltration, thermosetting resin Quick cross-linking is caused to solidify, Enhanced fiber is obtained, is adopted this method, joined non-carbon element, will affect the electric conductivity of carbon nano-tube fibre, and The method needs current flow devices, is not easy to operate continuously, there is certain risk.
Nascent carbon nano-tube fibre infiltration PAN is relatively difficult to form one layer of shell in carbon nano-tube fibre because of PAN, and Carbon nano-tube fibre is although loosely organized, but macromolecular is not easily accessible inside, there is research (Cui Y, Zhang M.Cross- links in Carbon Nanotube Assembly Introduced by Using Polyacrylonitrile as Precursor [J] .Acs Appl Mater Interfaces, 2013,5 (16): 8173-8178.) show 25 μm of fiber, It is only capable of being impregnated with 2 μm to fibrous inside.Therefore it explores one kind and does not introduce other chemical components, and can effectively realize that introducing is organic The method that object enhances carbon nano-tube fibre inside nascent carbon nano-tube fibre provides to prepare high-performance carbon nanotube fiber It may.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: damaging it while existing carbon nanotube improves some mechanical property The problem of its performance.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of carbon nano-tube fibres is improved by stretching and impregnating organic matter The method of mechanical property, which is characterized in that will be put into closed container impregnated of the carbon nano-tube fibre of organic solution, Xiang Rong CO is filled in device2, interior of the container is made to be in supercritical CO2State, after swelling reaction, pressure release at a slow speed is modified Carbon nano-tube fibre afterwards, as needed selectively by it using high-temperature process, so that into the organic matter of fibrous inside Pre-oxidation carbonization is carried out, the carbon nano-tube fibre of complete carbon structure is formed.
Preferably, the organic matter for preparing full carbonizable substance.
It is highly preferred that the organic matter is polyacrylonitrile.
Preferably, the concentration of organic solution is facing for 0.25~1 times of the organic solution in the carbon nano-tube fibre Boundary overlaps concentration;Infiltration number of the carbon nano-tube fibre in organic solution is 1-4 times.
Preferably, the carbon nano-tube fibre is the as-spun fibre without stretch processing, and tension is 1~20cN.
Preferably, the container is filled with CO under the conditions of 100~200 DEG C of temperature2, it is filled with CO2Before, first exclude in container Air.
Preferably, the swelling reaction specifically refers to, in supercritical CO2Under effect, in 5~60min that reaction starts The swelling reaction that fiber is infiltrated in gaseous form and is occurred.
Preferably, the release at a slow speed, which refers to, slowly opens air outlet valve, is reduced to container inner pressure in 5~10min often Pressure.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature process is 180-280 DEG C.
Method the present invention also provides above-mentioned carbon nano-tube fibre by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property Carbon nano-tube fibre obtained.
The present invention is in supercritical CO2In infiltration organic matter is carried out to changing to the nascent carbon nano-tube fibre of tensional state Property, supercritical CO2Organic solution can effectively be carried into fiber surface and inside, effectively stretch carbon nano-tube fibre Modulus improves 30%-108%, and tensile strength improves 4%-330%;Pre-oxidation is so that fiber surface and internal organic matter are further It is cyclized and achievees the purpose that fiber densification can to improve performance.Enter the sky inside carbon nano-tube fibre due to organic matter Gap has filled up the defect of fiber, while the presence of tension, ensure that fiber is in tensional state, stretches carbon nano-tube fibre And organic molecule chain orientation degree, while chemical imidization reaction occurs, so that macromolecular is formed crosslinking between carbon nanotube, has Conducive to the raising of fibre strength and modulus, several influences are combined together, so that carbon nano-tube fibre is finer and close, are significantly mentioned High carbon nanotube performance.The present invention has that economic and environment-friendly, reaction is controllable, the reaction time is short and easy to operate, is suitble to industry metaplasia The beneficial effects such as production.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the present invention more obvious and understandable, it is hereby described in detail below with preferred embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) in closed container, carbon nano-tube fibre is made to keep 4cN tension;
(3) at 150 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 10Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, i.e. acquisition modified carbon nano-tube fiber;
(5) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 110%, and modulus increases by 100%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM and does not form thick shell.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 1.2cN tension;
(3) at 100 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 8Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, i.e. acquisition modified carbon nano-tube fiber;
(5) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 35%, and modulus increases by 108%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM and does not form thick shell.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 8.4cN tension;
(3) at 200 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 8Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, i.e. acquisition modified carbon nano-tube fiber;
(5) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 4%, and modulus increases by 72%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM and does not form thick shell.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 4cN tension;
(3) at 100 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 10Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, i.e. acquisition modified carbon nano-tube fiber;
(5) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 73%, and modulus increases by 42%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM and does not form thick shell.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 4cN tension;
(3) at 200 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 12Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, i.e. acquisition modified carbon nano-tube fiber;
(5) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 30%, and modulus increases by 108%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM and does not form thick shell.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 4cN tension;
(3) at 150 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 10Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 20min is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, i.e. acquisition modified carbon nano-tube fiber;
(5) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 70%, and modulus increases by 200%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM and does not form thick shell.
Embodiment 7
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 1 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 4cN tension;
(3) at 150 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 10Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) intensity for obtaining modified carbon nano-tube fiber is tested by instron and modulus increases than fiber before modified, Intensity increases by 93%, and modulus increases by 125%, observes the PAN of surface deposition uniformly by SEM but forms thick PAN shell.
Embodiment 8
A kind of method that carbon nano-tube fibre improves mechanical property by stretching dipping organic matter:
(1) carbon nano-tube fibre surface infiltrates the PAN/DMSO solution of 0.5 times of critical overlapping viscosity C*;
(2) closed container in, make carbon nano-tube fibre keep 4cN tension;
(3) at 150 DEG C, air is first excluded, then CO is filled with into container2, so that the pressure in container is reached 10Mpa and reach Supercritical CO2State, after 1h is reacted in swelling, pressure release at a slow speed;
(4) above-mentioned steps (1)-(3) are repeated 4 times, and are 180~280 DEG C in Pre oxidation and are divided into 5 temperature sections, and every section Residence time is 10min, that is, the modified carbon nano-tube fiber after being pre-oxidized;
(5) it is tested by instron before the intensity and pre-oxidation of the modified carbon nano-tube fiber after being pre-oxidized Intensity is compared to having dropped 30%, but modulus increases by 90%, and the overall intensity than before not untreated improves 32%, modulus raising 328%.The PAN of surface deposition is not observed by SEM.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method of carbon nano-tube fibre by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, which is characterized in that will soak The carbon nano-tube fibre of stain organic solution is put into closed container, is filled with CO into container2, it is in interior of the container Supercritical CO2State, after swelling reaction, pressure release at a slow speed obtains modified carbon nano-tube fibre, selects as needed Property by it using high-temperature process so that the organic matter into fibrous inside carries out pre-oxidation carbonization, form complete carbon structure Carbon nano-tube fibre.
2. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the organic matter for preparing full carbonizable substance.
3. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as claimed in claim 2 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the organic matter is polyacrylonitrile.
4. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the concentration of organic solution is the critical overlapping of 0.25~1 times of the organic solution in the carbon nano-tube fibre Concentration;Infiltration number of the carbon nano-tube fibre in organic solution is 1-4 times.
5. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the carbon nano-tube fibre is the as-spun fibre without stretch processing, and tension is 1~20cN.
6. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the container is filled with CO under the conditions of 100~200 DEG C of temperature2, it is filled with CO2Before, first exclude the air in container.
7. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the swelling reaction specifically refers to, in supercritical CO2Under effect, to fiber in 5~60min that reaction starts The swelling reaction for infiltrating and occurring in gaseous form.
8. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the release at a slow speed, which refers to, slowly opens air outlet valve, and container inner pressure is made to be reduced to normal pressure in 5~10min.
9. method of the carbon nano-tube fibre as described in claim 1 by stretching and dipping organic matter improves mechanical property, It is characterized in that, the temperature of the high-temperature process is 180-280 DEG C.
10. carbon nano-tube fibre as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein improves mechanical property by stretching and impregnating organic matter Carbon nano-tube fibre made from the method for energy.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114477147A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-05-13 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Post-treatment method for improving densification degree of carbon nanotube fiber
CN114657670A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-06-24 江西省纳米技术研究院 Continuous drafting reinforcing method and equipment for carbon nano tube fiber

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008132467A2 (en) * 2007-04-28 2008-11-06 Q-Flo Limited Method of increasing the density of carbon nanotube fibres or films
CN103189308A (en) * 2010-06-22 2013-07-03 设计纳米管有限责任公司 Modified carbon nanotubes, methods for production thereof and products obtained therefrom
KR101408277B1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-16 숭실대학교산학협력단 Method for preparing carbon nanotube fiber with enhanced spinning using surfactant and carbon nanotube fiber prepared by the same
CN107675294A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-02-09 东华大学 A kind of preparation method of nano material RPP nitrile PAN carbon fibre precursors
CN107740282A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-02-27 东华大学 A kind of PAN carbon fibre precursors processing method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008132467A2 (en) * 2007-04-28 2008-11-06 Q-Flo Limited Method of increasing the density of carbon nanotube fibres or films
CN103189308A (en) * 2010-06-22 2013-07-03 设计纳米管有限责任公司 Modified carbon nanotubes, methods for production thereof and products obtained therefrom
KR101408277B1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-16 숭실대학교산학협력단 Method for preparing carbon nanotube fiber with enhanced spinning using surfactant and carbon nanotube fiber prepared by the same
CN107675294A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-02-09 东华大学 A kind of preparation method of nano material RPP nitrile PAN carbon fibre precursors
CN107740282A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-02-27 东华大学 A kind of PAN carbon fibre precursors processing method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114477147A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-05-13 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Post-treatment method for improving densification degree of carbon nanotube fiber
CN114657670A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-06-24 江西省纳米技术研究院 Continuous drafting reinforcing method and equipment for carbon nano tube fiber

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