CN109359327B - Multi-purpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system and simulation method - Google Patents

Multi-purpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system and simulation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109359327B
CN109359327B CN201811016036.3A CN201811016036A CN109359327B CN 109359327 B CN109359327 B CN 109359327B CN 201811016036 A CN201811016036 A CN 201811016036A CN 109359327 B CN109359327 B CN 109359327B
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power
simulation
distribution network
setting
power distribution
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CN109359327A (en
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刘军
王效平
张成龙
祖连波
刘志军
尉俊霞
王栋业
王国维
刘杨
王建鹏
田兴华
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State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Shouguang Power Supply Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Shouguang Power Supply Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06Electricity, gas or water supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation system and a simulation method for a multipurpose intelligent power distribution network, wherein the simulation system comprises a power module, a simulation power grid, a photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation or energy storage unit, a simulation power grid simulation unit, a simulation; a switchgear comprising a tie switch, a circuit breaker and a switchgear cabinet; an online monitoring module comprising a fault simulator, a load element and a power monitoring device; the fault simulator comprises a ground fault simulator and an interphase short-circuit fault simulator; the load elements include power cables, overhead lines, motors, inductors and capacitors; the power monitoring equipment comprises simulation power monitoring equipment, a protection device and a power quality analysis device. The method can directly provide necessary criteria for power grid operation safety evaluation, and is suitable for the situations of intelligent power distribution network fault simulation, protection verification and self-healing reconstruction simulation.

Description

Multi-purpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system and simulation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety analysis and evaluation of power distribution networks, in particular to a multipurpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system and a multipurpose intelligent power distribution network simulation method.
Background
The intelligent power grid is a novel power grid formed by highly integrating an information technology, a communication technology, a computer technology and original power transmission and distribution infrastructure, is the development trend of future power grids, has the characteristics of safety, self-healing, compatibility, interaction, cleanness, high efficiency, high quality and the like, has the most compact relationship between a power distribution link and users, and has the most direct influence on the overall efficiency of the power system and the power supply quality of the users caused by power distribution network faults. The intelligent power distribution network is used as a development direction of a future power distribution network, can friendly accommodate a large number of renewable distributed power supplies, a micro-grid and energy storage, can fully utilize the output of the distributed power supplies to improve the power supply reliability of the system, improve the node voltage and reduce the line loss.
With the continuous development and update of science and technology, the requirements of modern industry on power grid stability and power quality are continuously expanded, and due to the problems of power grid aging, excessive energy consumption of power generation technology and the like, the expansion and development of the traditional power grid are severely restricted, so that a major power failure accident is continuously caused in recent years. Under the large background, the smart power grid which is environment-friendly in construction and good in compatibility becomes the inevitable choice for power grid reformation. Although no unified definition exists for the smart grid at present, the smart grid generally has the following characteristics of self-healing, interaction, optimization, integration and compatibility. The self-healing is an important guarantee for ensuring the stable operation of the power distribution network under the condition of no manual interference and is also an important mark for establishing the smart power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-purpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system and a simulation method, which can directly provide necessary criteria for power grid operation safety evaluation and are suitable for intelligent power distribution network fault simulation, protection verification and self-healing reconstruction simulation.
In order to achieve the above object, the multi-purpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system comprises:
the power supply module comprises a simulation power grid, a photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation or energy storage unit;
a switchgear comprising a tie switch, a circuit breaker and a switchgear cabinet;
an online monitoring module comprising a fault simulator, a load element and a power monitoring device;
the fault simulator comprises a ground fault simulator and an interphase short-circuit fault simulator;
the load elements include power cables, overhead lines, motors, inductors and capacitors;
the power monitoring equipment comprises simulation power monitoring equipment, a protection device and a power quality analysis device.
Furthermore, the simulation power grid adopts an equivalent model to set a plurality of balance nodes;
the energy storage unit is set as a PV node according to an equivalent principle, but the influence of the battery electric quantity change on the power output of the battery can be simulated by the control module;
due to the fact that photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation has strong randomness and volatility, a simulation model cannot be equivalently simplified, corresponding power generation models are respectively constructed, and output of the power generation models can be changed according to changes of illumination, wind speed and temperature parameters.
Further, the simulation method for the multipurpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a power distribution network architecture and an equipment model, and setting power network parameters;
step 2: calculating an initial load flow;
and step 3: setting an event;
and 4, step 4: system simulation and fault analysis;
and 5: and (5) re-simulating the power distribution network reconstruction strategy.
Further, in the step 1, a power distribution network architecture and an equipment model are constructed, power grid parameters are set, the power distribution network architecture adopts a 32-node model, and analog switches are arranged among nodes for communication, so that system parameters can be adjusted through a control switch according to an actual analog object, and the power grid parameters are set according to the tidal current condition of the actual analog object.
Further, in step 1, the system parameters include setting the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation module, setting the generated capacity of the system according to the PQ node, and setting the output characteristics according to the conditions of illumination and temperature; and setting system parameters of the wind driven generator, setting a wind speed curve and setting a grid-connected control mode.
Further, in the step 1, a node marked with transformer capacity in the power distribution network architecture is subjected to simulation analysis in a form of a transformer and a fixed load, and voltages of a primary side and a secondary side of the transformer are determined according to rated voltages of front and rear load nodes.
Further, in the step 2, the initial power flow calculation is to simulate the operation condition of the power distribution network in a steady state, and meanwhile, the parameter setting of the load element and the power monitoring device of the simulation model is verified to be correct.
Further, the event setting in step 3 is that the fault simulator in the power distribution network can implement the type fault condition of direct grounding or indirect grounding or interphase short circuit or three-phase short circuit, and the fault simulator can be set with the short circuit type, the short circuit attribute and the occurrence time according to the requirement.
Further, the system simulation and fault analysis in the step 4 are performed according to the power distribution network fault simulation in the step 3, and fault diagnosis and protection verification are performed through analysis of voltage, current and power signals in the simulated power grid.
Further, the power distribution network reconstruction strategy re-simulation in the step 5 can simulate the operation of network reconstruction and self-healing control of the power distribution network through fault diagnosis and protection control according to simulation needs, and re-calculate to obtain a stable result.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is a fault analysis method based on an intelligent power distribution network simulation system, and can conveniently detect any node information quantity required by people. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the acquisition of the wide-area information quantity is more prominent, the functions of safety monitoring, control, stable boundary calculation, fault state evaluation and the like are mainly completed by fully utilizing the multipoint information quantity acquired in the system, and the method focuses on the utilization of the wide-area information and the realization of the safety function.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a multi-purpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system (section);
figure 232 node distribution network system wiring diagram;
FIG. 3 illustrates a portion of the device parameters of the simulation system;
FIG. 4 wind turbine simulation model;
FIG. 5 wind turbine control system;
FIG. 6 is a power distribution network fault simulator control module;
FIG. 7 illustrates voltage characteristics before and after a system simulation fault;
FIG. 8 illustrates frequency characteristics before and after a system simulation fault;
fig. 9 shows the voltage condition of each node after self-healing reconstruction after the system failure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As shown in the figure, the intelligent power distribution network simulation system comprises a power module, wherein the power module comprises a simulation power grid and a photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation or energy storage unit; the switch equipment comprises a tie switch, a circuit breaker and a switch cabinet; the online monitoring module comprises a fault simulator, a load element and power monitoring equipment; the fault simulator comprises a ground fault simulator and an interphase short-circuit fault simulator; the load elements include power cables, overhead lines, motors, inductors and capacitors; the power monitoring equipment comprises simulation power monitoring equipment, a protection device and a power quality analysis device. The simulation power grid adopts an equivalent model to set balance nodes, and a plurality of balance nodes can be set; the energy storage unit is set as a PV node according to an equivalent principle, but the influence of battery electric quantity change on the power output of the battery can be simulated by the control module; due to the fact that photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation has strong randomness and volatility, a simulation model cannot be equivalently simplified, corresponding power generation models are respectively constructed, and output of the power generation models can be changed according to changes of illumination, wind speed and temperature parameters.
In the embodiment, a real grounding fault of a dual-power-supply interconnection power distribution network is taken as an example for explanation, and a neutral point of a topological structure, which is composed of 2 power supply points, 2 substation outlet circuit breakers, 8 switches in a ring main unit, 2 column switches, 1 interconnection switch and a plurality of branches, is grounded through an arc suppression coil to form a 10kV power distribution network. The maximum load capacity of all feeder sections is the same, Smax =6000kVA is adopted, a power supply adopts a neutral point grounding mode, and the outlet voltage is 110 kV; the capacity of the 110kV/10kV transformer is 50 MV.A, and a star-to-triangle connection method is adopted; the capacity of the 10kV/0.4kV distribution transformer is 0.8 MV.A, a triangular-to-star connection method is adopted, and a neutral point of a 10kV line is grounded through an arc suppression coil; the nominal sectional area of the cable is 1 multiplied by 95mm2, the approximate outer diameter is 29mm, and the current-carrying capacity is 240A; the height of the overhead line tower is 12m, the sectional area of the lead is 182mm2, the distance between lead wires is 0.85m, and the direct current resistance of the lead is 0.1592 omega/km; the load is a balanced load, a star connection method is adopted, and a neutral point is grounded; a transformer substation outlet circuit breaker, an on-line switch, a vacuum circuit breaker and a tie switch are configured; the outlet circuit breaker is provided with an overcurrent protection function; the prediction error of the wind speed is 25%, the Vci of the wind driven generator is 3m/s, Vr is 14m/s, and Vco is 25 m/s; the prediction error of the photovoltaic output is 15%, and the prediction error of the load is 8%. And during load flow calculation, the terminal voltage of the transformer substation outlet is 1p.u., and the distributed power supply is regarded as a PQ node.
And selecting used equipment elements according to the actual line condition, adjusting the connection among all nodes according to the line condition, and establishing an electrical connection and a network structure corresponding to the actual system.
The power distribution network architecture and the equipment model are constructed in the step 1, power grid parameters are set, the power distribution network architecture adopted by the method is a 32-node model, the nodes are communicated with each other through analog switches, system parameters can be adjusted through control switches according to actual analog objects, and the power grid parameters are set according to the tidal current conditions of the actual analog objects.
Selecting various types of power supply modules, setting the name of a power supply, the internal impedance of the power supply, whether the power supply is grounded or not, and setting basic parameters of the power supply; selecting a transformer model, selecting a corresponding transformer according to the type and the voltage grade of the transformer, and setting internal parameters; selecting single-phase and three-phase switches according to the line condition and the connection condition, wherein the three-phase switches are in a single-line and three-line connection mode, each switch is provided with a Logic module for matching use, and corresponding action logics are set and information is extracted and displayed; setting the type of a distribution network line, the length of a cable and the type of an overhead line according to the line condition, setting according to the type of distribution parameters, and setting a neutral point connection grounding mode; setting a photovoltaic power generation module, setting system power generation capacity according to a PQ node, and setting output characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation module according to illumination and temperature conditions; setting system parameters of a wind driven generator, setting a wind speed curve and setting a grid-connected control mode; the load type is used for carrying out simulation analysis on a node without transformer capacity by using a fixed load; for the nodes marked with the transformer capacity, a transformer and a fixed load are adopted for simulation analysis, and the primary side voltage and the secondary side voltage of the transformer are determined according to the rated voltage of the front load node and the rear load node.
And (3) performing initial load flow calculation in the step (2), wherein the initial load flow calculation is used for simulating the running condition of the power distribution network in a steady state, and meanwhile, the parameter setting of each element and equipment of the simulation model is verified to be correct.
The newly-built simulation project sets the simulation time and step length of the project (or can be completed before the model simulation is started). And right clicking a mouse at the blank of the engineering model window, selecting project setting, displaying a setting window, and setting the simulation time, the calculation step length and the PSCAD drawing step length of the engineering. The simulation time is set to 5s, the calculation step size is set to 5 mus, and the drawing step size is set to 50.
Firstly, the operation system carries out steady-state simulation, checks the steady-state tide conditions of each power supply, each transformer, each contact switch and each electric energy information detection point, compares the steady-state tide conditions with the actual operation conditions, and perfects or adjusts system parameters to be consistent with the actual conditions.
And 3, setting the event, namely simulating the fault conditions of direct grounding, indirect grounding, interphase short circuit and three-phase short circuit types by the power distribution network fault simulator, and setting the short circuit type, the short circuit attribute and the occurrence time of the fault simulator according to the requirement.
In the embodiment, a single-phase earth fault is set 3.0s after the simulation starts, the fault type is direct earth, and the fault occurs in the middle of a line, so that the action characteristic of the power distribution network protection device and the self-healing reconstruction mode of the system are verified.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the system simulation and fault analysis in step 4 are performed according to the power distribution network fault simulation in step 3, and fault diagnosis and protection verification are performed by analyzing the voltage and current signals of the power distribution network.
And 5, re-simulating the power distribution network reconstruction strategy in the step 5, simulating network reconstruction and self-healing control operation of the power distribution network through fault diagnosis and protection control according to simulation requirements, and re-calculating to obtain a stable result.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any modifications or variations made according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
In summary, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A multipurpose intelligent power distribution network simulation system is characterized by comprising:
the power supply module comprises a simulation power grid, a photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation or energy storage unit;
a switchgear comprising a tie switch, a circuit breaker and a switchgear cabinet;
an online monitoring module comprising a fault simulator, a load element and a power monitoring device;
the fault simulator comprises a ground fault simulator and an interphase short-circuit fault simulator;
the load elements include power cables, overhead lines, motors, inductors and capacitors;
the power monitoring equipment comprises simulation power monitoring equipment, a protection device and a power quality analysis device;
the simulation power grid adopts an equivalent model to set balance nodes, and a plurality of balance nodes can be set;
the energy storage unit is set as a PV node according to an equivalent principle, and the influence of the electric quantity change of the battery simulated by the control module on the power output of the battery is increased;
due to the fact that photovoltaic power generation or wind power generation has strong randomness and volatility, a simulation model cannot be equivalently simplified, corresponding power generation models are respectively constructed, and output of the power generation models can be changed according to changes of illumination, wind speed and temperature parameters.
2. The method for simulating a multipurpose intelligent distribution network by using the system of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: constructing a power distribution network architecture and an equipment model, and setting power network parameters;
step 2: calculating an initial load flow;
and step 3: setting an event;
and 4, step 4: system simulation and fault analysis;
and 5: re-simulating a power distribution network reconstruction strategy;
constructing a power distribution network architecture and an equipment model in the step 1, and setting power grid parameters, wherein the power distribution network architecture adopts a 32-node model, analog switches are arranged among nodes for communication, system parameters can be adjusted through a control switch according to an actual analog object, and the power grid parameters are set according to the tidal current condition of the actual analog object;
the system parameters in the step 1 comprise the setting of the generating power of a photovoltaic generating module, the setting of the generating capacity of the system according to a PQ node, and the setting of the output characteristics according to the conditions of illumination and temperature; setting system parameters of a wind driven generator, setting a wind speed curve and setting a grid-connected control mode;
the node marked with the transformer capacity in the power distribution network framework is subjected to simulation analysis in a mode of adding a fixed load to a transformer, and the voltages of the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer are determined according to the rated voltages of the front load node and the rear load node;
in the step 2, initial load flow calculation is performed, wherein the initial load flow calculation is used for simulating the running condition of the power distribution network in a steady state, and meanwhile, the parameter setting of the load element and the power monitoring equipment of the simulation model is verified to be correct;
setting the event in the step 3, wherein the fault simulator in the power distribution network can realize the type fault condition of direct grounding or indirect grounding or interphase short circuit or three-phase short circuit, and setting the short circuit type, the short circuit attribute and the occurrence time of the fault simulator according to the requirement;
the system simulation and fault analysis in the step 4 are carried out according to the power distribution network fault simulation in the step 3, and fault diagnosis and protection verification are carried out through analysis of voltage, current and power signals in the simulated power grid;
and 5, the power distribution network re-simulation reconstruction strategy in the step 5 can simulate the operation of network reconstruction and self-healing control of the power distribution network through fault diagnosis and protection control according to simulation requirements, and recalculate to obtain a stable result.
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