CN109193777A - A kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating system - Google Patents
A kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193777A CN109193777A CN201811188301.6A CN201811188301A CN109193777A CN 109193777 A CN109193777 A CN 109193777A CN 201811188301 A CN201811188301 A CN 201811188301A CN 109193777 A CN109193777 A CN 109193777A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating systems, wherein the input terminal of converter is connected at least one photovoltaic module in the power optimization device, the input terminal as power optimization device.The output end of output end of the output end of converter as power optimization device, multiple power optimization devices is connected in series.Controller is electrically connected with converter, obtains the first electric parameter of converter, and when the first electric parameter is less than first threshold, control converter is in power conversion mode, so that converter carries out power conversion to the direct current energy of photovoltaic module.When the first electric parameter is greater than first threshold, control converter is in direct mode operation, so that the output end of converter is directly connected to input terminal, at this time, this level-one power conversion of inverter is only existed between the photovoltaic module and power grid or load of the converter input terminal, eliminates the DC/DC conversion efficiency loss of the converter.Converter quantity in photovoltaic generating system in direct mode operation is more, and system effectiveness is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating system.
Background technique
With the fast development of photovoltaic power generation, the requirement to photovoltaic module generating efficiency is also stepped up.In general, such as Fig. 1
It is shown, in order to improve the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module, can on photovoltaic module parallel power optimizer, and by the function after series connection
Rate optimizer is parallel on inverter, by inverter by converting direct-current power into alternating-current power, is realized grid-connected.
Specifically, power optimization device be realize to the MPPT of photovoltaic module (Maximum Power Point Tracking,
MPPT maximum power point tracking) DC/DC converter, such as buck, boost, 4 symmetrical buckboost converters of switch etc., to obtain
The peak power output of photovoltaic module eliminates photovoltaic module series connection mismatch and mismatch in parallel.
However, it is found by the inventors that power optimization device but increases level-one DC/DC power conversion in photovoltaic generating system
Device, that is, the direct current energy of photovoltaic module needs after the DC/DC of power optimization device transformation, defeated using the DC/AC of inverter
It is sent in rear class power grid or load, the power conversion of two-stage causes the system effectiveness of photovoltaic generating system lower.
Therefore, how a kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating system are provided, can be improved turning for photovoltaic generating system
Efficiency is changed, is those skilled in the art's big technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, can be improved light the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating system
The transfer efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
To achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of power optimization device, comprising: converter and controller；
The input terminal of the converter is connected at least one photovoltaic module, the input terminal as the power optimization device；
Output end of the output end of the converter as the power optimization device, the output of multiple power optimization devices
End is connected in series；
The controller is electrically connected with the converter, obtains the first electric parameter of the converter, when first electricity
When parameter is less than first threshold, controls the converter and be in power conversion mode, so that the converter is to the photovoltaic group
The direct current energy of part carries out power conversion；When first electric parameter is greater than the first threshold, control at the converter
In direct mode operation, so that the output end of the converter is directly connected to input terminal, first electric parameter includes the transformation
Any one or more parameters in the output power of device, output voltage and input current.
Optionally, the converter carries out power conversion to the direct current energy of the photovoltaic module, comprising:
The converter carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking to the photovoltaic module, exports the maximum power of the photovoltaic module
To the output end of the converter.
It optionally, further include memory, the memory stores the first threshold.
Optionally, the first threshold is less than or equal to 1.1 times of the rated power of the power optimization device.
Optionally, the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters；
At least two controllers obtain the time interval of first electric parameter less than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters, comprising:
Determine that the maximum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The average value for determining the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
Determine the average value for removing part first parameter of minimum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters
For the first threshold；
The average value for determining part first parameter in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is first threshold
Value；
The weighted average for determining the different coefficients of the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold.
It optionally, further include telecommunication circuit,
The telecommunication circuit is used to receive the first threshold of external equipment transmission, and the first threshold is transmitted to
The controller,
Or,
The telecommunication circuit is used to receive the first electric parameter that other described converters are sent, and by first electric parameter
It is transmitted to the controller, so that the controller determines described first based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters
Threshold value.
Optionally, the controller also obtains second threshold, when first electric parameter is less than the second threshold, control
It makes the converter and is in direct mode operation or standby mode, the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
A kind of photovoltaic generating system, comprising: bus converter and at least two above-mentioned power optimization devices；
The output end of multiple power optimization devices is connected in series, and the photovoltaic group string after series connection is electrically connected with DC bus；
The bus converter carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking to the direct current energy of the DC bus, and by the direct current
Electric energy is converted into predetermined DC electricity or default alternating current.
Optionally, it is characterised in that the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters；
At least two controllers obtain the time interval of first electric parameter less than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters, comprising:
Determine that the maximum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The average value for determining the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
Determine the average value for removing part first parameter of minimum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters
For the first threshold；
The average value for determining part first parameter in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is first threshold
Value；
The weighted average for determining the different coefficients of the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold.
It optionally, further include communication host,
The communication host is used to the first threshold being transmitted to multiple controllers,
Or,
The communication host is used to the first electric parameter of the converter being transmitted to multiple controllers, so that described
Controller determines the first threshold based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters.
Optionally, the controller also obtains second threshold, when first electric parameter is less than the second threshold, control
It makes the converter and is in direct mode operation or standby mode, the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention provides a kind of power optimization devices, including converter and controller.Its
In, the input terminal of converter is connected at least one photovoltaic module, the input terminal as power optimization device.The output end of converter
As the output end of power optimization device, the output end of multiple power optimization devices is connected in series.Controller is electrically connected with converter, is obtained
First electric parameter of converter, when the first electric parameter is less than first threshold, control converter is in power conversion mode, so that
Converter carries out power conversion to the direct current energy of photovoltaic module.When the first electric parameter is greater than first threshold, converter is controlled
In direct mode operation, so that the output end of converter is directly connected to input terminal, at this point, photovoltaic generating system only has level-one power
Transformation, this improves the system effectivenesies of photovoltaic generating system.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of optimizer system in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of another optimizer system in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of power optimization device system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of waveform diagram of power optimization device system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of another waveform diagram of power optimization device system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of another waveform diagram of power optimization device system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with background technique it is recognized that while power optimization device makes the output power of each photovoltaic module maximize, eliminate
The series-parallel mismatch of photovoltaic module, but level-one DC/DC power inverter, photovoltaic module are increased in photovoltaic generating system
Direct current energy need by power optimization device DC/DC transformation after, using the DC/AC of inverter be transported to rear class power grid or
In person's load, the power conversion of two-stage causes the system effectiveness of photovoltaic generating system lower.String especially between photovoltaic module
Mismatch phenomenon in parallel is smaller or only has within one day when having series-parallel mismatch in partial time period (mobile shadow occlusion), power
Optimizer carries out MPPT bring generated energy and promotes the loss in efficiency bring generated energy damage that possibly can not make up DC/DC transformation
It loses, leads to system lower power production.
Therefore, as shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of power optimization devices, comprising: converter and control
Device.
Wherein, the input terminal of the converter is connected at least one photovoltaic module, as the defeated of the power optimization device
Enter end.Output end of the output end of the converter as the power optimization device, the output end of multiple power optimization devices
It is connected in series.
The controller is electrically connected with the converter, obtains the first electric parameter of the converter, when first electricity
When parameter is less than first threshold, controls the converter and be in power conversion mode, so that the converter is to the photovoltaic group
The direct current energy of part carries out power conversion；When first electric parameter is greater than the first threshold, control at the converter
In direct mode operation, so that the output end of the converter is directly connected to input terminal.At this point, the photovoltaic group of the converter input terminal
This level-one power conversion of inverter DC/AC is only existed between part and power grid or load, eliminates the DC/DC transformation effect of the converter
Rate loss.Converter quantity in photovoltaic system in direct mode operation is more, and the system effectiveness of photovoltaic generating system is higher.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, converter is DC/DC converter, power conversion mode may operate in,
For the direct current energy after direct current energy the progress power conversion, then output transform of the photovoltaic module to input terminal to output end；
Alternatively, may operate in direct mode operation, input terminal is directly connected to output end.Wherein, DC/DC converter can for buck,
Boost, the 4 symmetrical buckboost of switch and other one of DC/DC converter of power conversion may be implemented.
Also, the power conversion mode of converter is mainly used for carrying out MPPT to the electric energy of input terminal photovoltaic module, remove
This, can also carry out delay startup, limit Power operation etc..Wherein, delay startup (being also soft start), the starting rank for converter
Section, gently runs to power conversion operational mode from standby phase, for example, from standby mode according to input current change rate
The velocity variations of 0.2A/s are to maximum power point electric current.Power operation is limited to be used in converter self-operating state close to critical value
When (such as output voltage reaches critical value, environment temperature reaches critical value) reduce output power, with to converter itself carry out
Protection, or output power is reduced after receiving the external limit Power operation instruction assigned.
In photovoltaic group string, since the output electric current of concatenated power optimization device is equal, the biggish function of output voltage
Its output power of rate optimizer is also larger.In addition, photovoltaic module of the output power of power optimization device all from input terminal,
The input current (the output electric current of photovoltaic module) of watt level and power optimization device is positively correlated.Therefore, the first electric parameter can be with
With the input power or output power of power optimizer, output voltage, input current wherein any one.
Except this, in the present embodiment, the first electric parameter is collected by sample circuit, or after being acquired by sample circuit,
It is obtained again by controller operation.Incorporated by reference to Fig. 3, if the first electric parameter is output voltage Vo, acquired by voltage sampling circuit
Output voltage Vo sends controller to, and output voltage Vo and first threshold (for example, 30V) are compared by controller, if low
In first threshold, then control converter carry out power conversion operation, if be higher than first threshold, control converter work in it is straight-through
Mode.If the first electric parameter is the input power or output power for the direct current energy that converter is converted, need according to acquisition
Input voltage, input current calculate output work to calculate input power, or according to the output voltage of acquisition, output electric current
Rate.Input power is of substantially equal with output power, only differs a transducer effciency, therefore can also be substituted with input power defeated
Power out.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, first threshold can be fixed value, for example, the first threshold is less than or equal to institute
1.1 times for stating the rated power of power optimization device.Certainly, first threshold can also be the value of variation, for example, the first threshold
Determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters, between the first electric parameter of at least two converters when
Between interval less than the first preset duration.
Wherein, the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters, comprising:
Determine that the maximum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The average value for determining the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
Determine the average value for removing part first parameter of minimum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters
For the first threshold；
The average value for determining part first parameter in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is first threshold
Value；
The weighted average for determining the different coefficients of the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold.
Schematically, first threshold can be a fixed value, for example, 80%* rated power, rated power,
110%* rated power etc., power optimization device further includes memory at this time, for storing the first threshold, in memory power down
Shi Buhui loses the first threshold, and memory can be the storage of EEPROM, FLASH, ROM and other power down not volatile data
One of device.
For converter when power conversion is run, internal switching tube meeting high frequency chopping work generates biggish switching loss
And heat, it needs to increase additional cooling measure in product design.For comprehensively considering for performance and cost, usually all in accordance with
Allow converter light overload to run to design heat dissipation, for example allows converter according to 110%* rated power longtime running,
When input power is bigger, converter can ingoing power drop volume operation or overheating protection, to prevent that the speed of heat is more than
The speed of heat dissipation leads to damage of product.
Since the DC/DC converter in power optimization device can support straight-through operation, for example, by using 4 switches pair in Fig. 2
Claim buckboost converter, when S1, S3 conducting, S2, S4 are closed, i.e., in straight-through operation, the electric energy of input terminal is direct at this time
It is transmitted to output end, converter does not have the high frequency chopping of switching tube to be lost, therefore calorific value is greatly reduced, and can input bigger
Direct current energy.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first threshold that power optimization device can be set is 110%* rated power, is being inputted
When power is lower than 110%* rated power, power optimization device carries out power conversion operation, carries out MPPT to input terminal photovoltaic module,
When input power is higher than 110%* rated power, power optimization device enters straight-through operation, transmits the power of input terminal all
To output end, power optimization device no longer carries out MPPT at this time.
As shown in figure 4, the nominal power of photovoltaic module is under illumination 1000W/m2,25 DEG C of environment temperature of STC environment
What measurement obtained, when illumination is more than 1000W/m2 or environment temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, output power can be more than nominal function
Rate, dash area shown in Fig. 4 are exactly therefore additional output power of photovoltaic module when more than 1000W/m2 illumination works as light
It is specified using the power optimization device of the present embodiment when selecting the power optimization device of same power in volt system according to nominal power
Power uses the nominal power of photovoltaic module, and first threshold is selected as rated power, not will lead to the additional output of photovoltaic module
Power is limited by power optimization device.When output power of photovoltaic module is no more than nominal power, power optimization device carries out MPPT work
Make, when output power of photovoltaic module is more than nominal power, power optimization device enters straight-through operation, guarantees all of photovoltaic module
Output power can be output on photovoltaic group string.
Except this, for the photovoltaic module of generating electricity on two sides, with ground conditioned reflex difference, back side generated output is about 5%
The front~30%* nominal power, can select the power optimization device of the present embodiment, the first threshold fully according to front nominal power
Value is selected as rated power, and when gross output is no more than front nominal power, power optimization device carries out MPPT work, total
When output power is more than front nominal power, power optimization device enters straight-through operation, guarantees all outputs of two-sided photovoltaic module
Power can be output on photovoltaic group string.
In addition, since output power of photovoltaic module is related with illumination and environment temperature, within the most of the time, illumination and ring
STC environment is all not achieved in border temperature, and the output power of photovoltaic module is caused to be below nominal power within the most of the time.Example
Such as, in the morning, at dusk, under cloudy and rainy weather, the output power of photovoltaic module is all unable to reach nominal power.Shown in Fig. 5
It is output power variation of certain 300W component in week age, the meridian hour in 1 week only on day 2 just reaches 300W.
If the photovoltaic module configuration 300W power optimization device, be more than 90% time in, power optimization device all in be lightly loaded shape
The rated power of power optimization device is not achieved in state.According to this embodiment, it can using the power optimization device of rated power 250W,
When output power of photovoltaic module is no more than 250W, power optimization device carries out MPPT work, is more than in output power of photovoltaic module
When 250W, power optimization device enters straight-through operation, guarantees that all output powers of photovoltaic module can be output on photovoltaic group string.
Compared to the power optimization device using 300W, the present embodiment uses 250W power optimization device, power optimization device can be greatly reduced
Equipment cost.
As it can be seen that according to the present embodiment, when input power is more than first threshold, it is believed that the photovoltaic module of input terminal does not have
The case where shadow occlusion etc. influences generated energy is occurred, power optimization device enters straight-through work, abandons to input terminal photovoltaic module
MPPT, photovoltaic module executes MPPT by the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of rear class and maintains maximum power output.Therefore, it avoids in photovoltaic
When component does not have the series-parallel mismatches such as shadow occlusion, power optimization device and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 stage converter carry out power change simultaneously
Change jobs the problem for causing system generating efficiency lower.
That is, first threshold can also be the value of variation, it is specific: different with the running environment of photovoltaic module in photovoltaic system
When, different first thresholds is chosen, so that photovoltaic system and photovoltaic module are maintained at optimal operational condition.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic system includes the photovoltaic group string of 1 photovoltaic group string or multiple parallel connections, each photovoltaic
Group string is connected by least two power optimization device output end to be formed, and each power optimization device input terminal connects at least one photovoltaic group
Part.All photovoltaic group strings are coupled on DC bus, bus converter be coupled in DC bus and photovoltaic system load it
Between, MPPT is carried out to the electric energy on DC bus and is converted to electrical energy form required for load.The most common bus converter
It is inverter, for carrying out MPPT to the direct current energy on DC bus, and direct current energy is converted into AC energy, supply is handed over
Current load is used or is transmitted on AC network.In other implementations, bus converter may be DC/DC transformation
Device, for example, energy storage converter, are coupled between DC bus and energy-storage battery, carry out power conversion on DC bus
Electric energy carries out MPPT, and by power storage into energy-storage battery.
Photovoltaic system further includes a communication host, for at least two power optimization in the photovoltaic generating system
Device is communicated, and the first electric parameter of power optimization device is obtained by communication.Communication host can be independent equipment, can also be with
It is integrated in the other equipment of photovoltaic system, such as is integrated in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, header box, grid connection box or wherein 1 power is excellent
Change in device.(such as WiFi, Lora, Zigbee) or plc communication and power optimization device carry out communication host by wireless communication
Communication.
After communication host gets the first electric parameter of power optimization device, the first mathematical operation is carried out, first threshold is obtained,
And at least one power optimization device is handed down to by communication.In order to ensure can timely respond to photovoltaic system operating status variation,
The operation that communication host obtains the first electric parameter, first threshold is calculated, is handed down to power optimization device should be carried out periodically, such as
It executes once within every 1 minute, and suggests executing and once be no more than 60 minutes.
Except this, the communication between communication host and power optimization device uses master slave mode.If power is excellent in photovoltaic system
It is more to change device quantity, communication host is longer by time required time of communication poll, if waiting whole polls one time, gets not
Time span with the first electric parameter of power optimization device is larger, and biggish error may be generated by calculating the first electric parameter.Cause
This, communication host can start to calculate and issue first threshold after the first electric parameter for getting a small number of power optimization devices,
To improve system response time.For example, there is the totally 100 power optimization devices of number 1~100 in photovoltaic system, communication host is logical
After 10 power optimization devices for believing the complete number 1~10 of poll, first threshold can be calculated and issue, in the communication complete number 11 of poll
After~20 10 power optimization devices, first threshold is calculated and issues again, in the way of this passage of jumping at any time, meter
The speed 100 power optimization devices completeer than poll for calculating and issuing first threshold calculate the speed issued again and improve 10 times.Communication
Host can also calculate after 10 power optimization devices that the complete number of poll is 1~10 and issue first threshold, in poll the complete 11st
After number power optimization device, first threshold is calculated and issues again with 10 power optimization devices of number 2~11, complete No. 12 in poll
After power optimization device, first threshold ... is calculated and issued again with 10 power optimization devices of number 3~12 and rolls passage in this way
First threshold is calculated and issues, speed can be improved 100 times.
Further, communication host can also issue first threshold by broadcasting instructions, can also be handed down to single function
The first threshold of latest computed is carried in the unicast instruction of the first electric parameter of inquiry of rate optimizer.Either broadcasting instructions are still
Unicast instructs, and all power optimization devices in photovoltaic system can receive, and parse first threshold.
To sum up, in the present embodiment, power optimization device further includes telecommunication circuit, for being interactively communicated between communication host,
Including receiving the instruction of the first electric parameter of acquisition and other electric parameters that communication host issues, replying leading to comprising the first electric parameter
The first threshold etc. that letter data, reception communication host issue, telecommunication circuit can also monitor communication host and other power optimizations
Communication between device.
The calculating of first threshold can also be carried out directly in power optimization device.It is logical in communication host and power optimization device
When letter obtains operation data, each power optimization device can listen to the return signal of other power optimization devices, and intercept it
In the first electric parameter, then obtain first threshold according to the first operation.When power optimization device quantity is more in photovoltaic system,
In order to improve response speed, power optimization device can also be in such a way that above-mentioned communication host be similar, sequentially in time backward
Passage or jump passage are rolled, is calculated using the first electric parameter of Partial Power optimizer, such as select nearest 5 minutes
First electric parameter of other power optimization devices listened to calculates first threshold.Certainly, power optimization device is utilizing other function
It also may include that itself electric parameter is entered when first electric parameter of rate optimizer calculates first threshold.
Specifically, the first operation is for calculating suitable first threshold.
Preferably, the first operation can be the maximum value for calculating the first electric parameter of multiple power optimization devices, by the maximum
Value is used as first threshold.Such as the power of all power optimization devices in nearest 5 minutes is obtained, its maximum value is calculated, with the maximum
Value is used as first threshold.Power optimization device is calculated by itself or is issued after obtaining the first threshold by communication host, is judged
The size of itself current power and first threshold shows the photovoltaic group of the power optimization device input terminal if being no more than first threshold
Part is relatively low compared to other photovoltaic module generated energy in system, and it is series-parallel to other photovoltaic modulies to eliminate should to carry out MPPT work
The influence of mismatch shows that the photovoltaic module generated energy of the power optimization device input terminal is in good condition if being more than, power optimization device
Straight-through operation can be entered, eliminate the loss of own power transformation operation.
Preferably, the first operation can be the average value for calculating the first electric parameter of multiple power optimization devices, this is averaged
Value is used as first threshold.Such as the power of all power optimization devices in nearest 5 minutes is obtained, and its average value is calculated, it is average with this
Value is used as first threshold.If some power optimization device current power is no more than the average value, show the power optimization device input terminal
Photovoltaic module it is relatively low compared to other photovoltaic module generated energy in system, MPPT work should be carried out to eliminate to other photovoltaic groups
The influence of the series-parallel mismatch of part shows that the photovoltaic module generated energy of the power optimization device input terminal is in good condition if being more than, function
Rate optimizer can enter straight-through operation, eliminate the loss of own power transformation operation.
During above-mentioned first operation executes mean value calculation, it is the smallest that the first electric parameter of part can also be removed
Value, to adjust the probability that power optimization device enters straight-through operation.For example, getting 30 power optimization devices in nearest 1 minute
Performance number, remove the performance number of 10 minimum power optimization devices of performance number, with the power of remaining 20 power optimization devices
The average value of value is as first threshold.
During above-mentioned first operation executes mean value calculation, the first electric parameter of acquisition can also be weighted
It is average, to adjust the probability that power optimization device enters straight-through operation.For example, getting 30 power optimizations in nearest 1 minute
The performance number of device, from big to small according to power, corresponding proportionality coefficient also from big to small, finally calculate weighted average as the
One threshold value.
Can also be during above-mentioned first operation execute mean value calculation, it can also direct the first electricity of selected part ginseng
Maximum value is measured, to adjust the probability that power optimization device enters straight-through operation.For example, getting 30 function in nearest 1 minute
The performance number of rate optimizer chooses the performance number of the maximum 10 power optimization devices of performance number, calculates average value as the first threshold
Value.
It is different using removing the smallest value of the first electric parameter of part, selected part maximum value, being selected according to watt level
Average value is calculated after the methods of coefficient again as first threshold, the size of the first threshold of calculating can be improved, avoids part light
It is micro- to block power optimization device corresponding to the photovoltaic module for causing generated energy slightly lower into straight-through operation.
Can also it is above-mentioned maximum value, average value, weighted average is calculated after, multiplied by a coefficient or increase and decrease
It is re-used as first threshold after one fixed value, to adjust the probability that power optimization device enters straight-through operation, for example, being calculated most
After big value, using 0.8* maximum value as first threshold, probability of the power optimization device into straight-through operation will be improved, with 1.1* maximum
Value is used as first threshold, will reduce probability of the power optimization device into straight-through operation.
Except this, power optimization device provided in this embodiment, further includes telecommunication circuit, and the telecommunication circuit is used for described the
One threshold packet transmission is to the controller, or, the telecommunication circuit is described for the first electric parameter of the converter to be transmitted to
Controller, so that the controller determines the first threshold based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in power optimization device provided in this embodiment, the controller also obtains second
Threshold value controls the converter and is in direct mode operation or standby mould when first electric parameter is less than the second threshold
Formula, the second threshold are less than the first threshold.
Schematically, photovoltaic module is output to the voltage of rear class power optimization device under the lesser state of dim light constant power
It is all smaller with electric current, and fluctuate it is larger, power optimization device execute MPPT precision will be greatly reduced, in addition, power optimization
(power consumption of controller and other control circuits, the power conversion of DC/DC converter damage own loss of the device when executing MPPT
It is bad) account for photovoltaic module generated output specific gravity increase, cause power optimization device execute MPPT lose more than gain.In this case,
Also control power optimization device carries out straight-through operation, to improve the generated energy of photovoltaic generating system as far as possible.
In the present embodiment, a second threshold is set, power optimization device is by itself the first electric parameter and second threshold
It is compared, if being lower than second threshold, controls DC/DC converter and work in standby mode.For example, setting second threshold is
50W then enters straight-through operation when the input current of power optimization device is lower than 50W.
Second threshold is less than first threshold, is that first threshold is arranged as 300W, the second threshold in a power optimization device shown in Fig. 6
When value is 50W, the schematic diagram of one day operating status.Wherein, dash area represents straight-through operation, and rest part represents MPPT fortune
Row.For photovoltaic module under the strong wide power at morning and evening dim light low-power and high noon, power optimization device operates in direct mode operation,
The loss for reducing the transformation of power optimization device own power, improves the generating efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
The second threshold may be control power optimization device starting or standby threshold value, power optimization device by itself
First electric parameter is compared with second threshold, if being lower than second threshold, is controlled DC/DC converter and is worked in standby mode,
MPPT or straight-through work are no longer carried out, after postponing a period of time, power optimization device reattempts restarting, with the first electricity of detection
Whether parameter has reached second threshold.In this way power optimization device can be reduced because defeated under the low light environments such as morning and evening
Enter that power is lower and the number for operation of having the hiccups repeatedly, or the inverter of rear class is caused to be had the hiccups repeatedly the number of operation.For example, setting
Setting second threshold is 0.05A, when the input current of power optimization device is lower than 0.05A, then enters standby mode, waits 5 minutes
Afterwards, then re-start MPPT operation, detect input current whether more than 0.05A, if being more than, enter MPPT run, otherwise after
It is continuous to wait 5 minutes.
Except this, the present embodiment additionally provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system, comprising: bus converter and at least two above-mentioned
Power optimization device；
The output end of multiple power optimization devices is connected in series, and the photovoltaic group string after series connection is electrically connected with DC bus；
The bus converter carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking to the direct current energy of the DC bus, and by the direct current
Electric energy is converted into predetermined DC electricity or default alternating current.
Optionally, it is characterised in that the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters；
Time interval between first electric parameter of at least two converters is less than the first preset duration.
Optionally, the first threshold is determined based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters, comprising:
Determine that the maximum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The average value for determining the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
Determine the average value for removing part first parameter of minimum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters
For the first threshold；
The average value for determining part first parameter in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is first threshold
Value；
The weighted average for determining the different coefficients of the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold.
It optionally, further include communication host,
The communication host is used to the first threshold being transmitted to multiple controllers,
Or,
The communication host is used to the first electric parameter of the converter being transmitted to multiple controllers, so that described
Controller determines the first threshold based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters.
Optionally, the controller also obtains second threshold, when first electric parameter is less than the second threshold, control
It makes the converter and is in direct mode operation or standby mode, the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
The working principle of the photovoltaic generating system refers to the working principle of above-mentioned power optimization device, does not repeat to chat herein
It states.
To sum up, the present invention provides a kind of power optimization device and photovoltaic generating systems, wherein the power optimization device includes
Converter and controller.Wherein, the input terminal of converter is connected at least one photovoltaic module, as the defeated of power optimization device
Enter end.The output end of output end of the output end of converter as power optimization device, multiple power optimization devices is connected in series.Controller
It is electrically connected with converter, obtains the first electric parameter of converter, when the first electric parameter is less than first threshold, controlled at converter
In power conversion mode, so that converter carries out power conversion to the direct current energy of photovoltaic module.When the first electric parameter is greater than the
When one threshold value, control converter is in direct mode operation, so that the output end of converter is directly connected to input terminal, at this point, photovoltaic
Electricity generation system only has level-one power conversion, and this improves the system effectivenesies of photovoltaic generating system.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
Professional further appreciates that, unit described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
And algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly demonstrate hardware and
The interchangeability of software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.These
Function is implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Profession
Technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not answered
Think beyond the scope of this invention.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can directly be held with hardware, processor
The combination of capable software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only deposit
Reservoir (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technology
In any other form of storage medium well known in field.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of power optimization device characterized by comprising converter and controller；
The input terminal of the converter is connected at least one photovoltaic module, the input terminal as the power optimization device；
Output end of the output end of the converter as the power optimization device, the output end phase of multiple power optimization devices
Series connection；
The controller is electrically connected with the converter, obtains the first electric parameter of the converter, when first electric parameter
When less than first threshold, controls the converter and be in power conversion mode, so that the converter is to the photovoltaic module
Direct current energy carries out power conversion；When first electric parameter is greater than the first threshold, controls the converter and be in straight
Logical mode, so that the output end of the converter is directly connected to input terminal, first electric parameter includes the converter
Any one or more parameters in output power, output voltage and input current.
2. power optimization device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that direct current of the converter to the photovoltaic module
Electric energy carries out power conversion, comprising:
The converter carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking to the photovoltaic module, exports the maximum power of the photovoltaic module to institute
State the output end of converter.
3. power optimization device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first threshold is based at least two changes
First electric parameter of parallel operation determines；
At least two controllers obtain the time interval of first electric parameter less than the first preset duration.
4. power optimization device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the first threshold is based at least two changes
First electric parameter of parallel operation determines, comprising:
Determine that the maximum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The average value for determining the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
Determine that removing the average value of part first parameter of minimum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is institute
State first threshold；
The average value for determining part first parameter in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The weighted average for determining the different coefficients of the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold.
5. power optimization device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include telecommunication circuit,
The telecommunication circuit is used to receive the first threshold of external equipment transmission, and the first threshold is transmitted to described
Controller,
Or,
The telecommunication circuit is used to receive the first electric parameter that other described converters are sent, and first electric parameter is transmitted
To the controller, so that the controller determines first threshold based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters
Value.
6. power optimization device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the controller also obtains second threshold, works as institute
When stating the first electric parameter less than the second threshold, controls the converter and be in direct mode operation or standby mode, described the
Two threshold values are less than the first threshold.
7. a kind of photovoltaic generating system characterized by comprising bus converter and at least two such as claim 1-6 institutes
The power optimization device stated；
The output end of multiple power optimization devices is connected in series, and the photovoltaic group string after series connection is electrically connected with DC bus；
The bus converter carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking to the direct current energy of the DC bus, and by the direct current energy
It is converted into predetermined DC electricity or default alternating current.
8. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the first threshold is based on described at least two
First electric parameter of converter determines；
At least two controllers obtain the time interval of first electric parameter less than the first preset duration.
9. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the first threshold is based on described at least two
First electric parameter of converter determines, comprising:
Determine that the maximum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The average value for determining the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
Determine that removing the average value of part first parameter of minimum value in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is institute
State first threshold；
The average value for determining part first parameter in the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold；
The weighted average for determining the different coefficients of the first electric parameter of multiple converters is the first threshold.
10. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that it further include communication host,
The communication host is used to the first threshold being transmitted to multiple controllers,
Or,
The communication host is used to the first electric parameter of the converter being transmitted to multiple controllers, so that the control
Device determines the first threshold based on the first electric parameter of at least two converters.
11. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the controller also obtains second threshold, when
When first electric parameter is less than the second threshold, controls the converter and be in direct mode operation or standby mode, it is described
Second threshold is less than the first threshold.
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