CN108933050B - Electrical switching device - Google Patents
Electrical switching device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108933050B CN108933050B CN201810505989.XA CN201810505989A CN108933050B CN 108933050 B CN108933050 B CN 108933050B CN 201810505989 A CN201810505989 A CN 201810505989A CN 108933050 B CN108933050 B CN 108933050B
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- Prior art keywords
- electrical
- switching apparatus
- contact
- electrical switching
- load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J3/0073—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Distribution Board (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides an improved electrical switching apparatus (200). The electrical switching apparatus (200) includes a plurality of contact mechanisms (202A-D) such that at least one contact mechanism (202D) has a load current rating that is different from the load current rating of the remaining contact mechanisms (202A-C). Each contact mechanism (202A-D) has a fixed contact element (204A-D) connectable to a power source (306, 404) and a movable contact element (206A-D) connectable to an electrical load (308). The electrical switching apparatus (200) further includes a drive apparatus (208) capable of establishing contact between the movable contact element (206A-D) and the stationary contact element (204A-D) of each contact mechanism (202A-D) to supply electrical power from the power source (306, 404) to the electrical load (308).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of electrical switching apparatus, and more particularly, to an electrical switching apparatus having contact mechanisms with different load current ratings.
Background
Typically, electrical switching apparatus are used to switch on-carry-off current under normal and overload applications. Electrical switching apparatus includes a plurality of contact mechanisms (also referred to as poles) connected to a power source and an electrical load. Each contact mechanism includes a fixed element connectable to a power source and a movable element connectable to an electrical load. In the "off" state of the electrical switching apparatus, the movable contact elements are not in contact with the respective fixed contact elements, and therefore, the power source is not connected to the electrical load. In the "closed" state, the movable contact element is in contact with the corresponding fixed contact element. Thus, the power source is connected to an electrical load.
The contact mechanism is designed to deliver current from a power source to an electrical load according to the individual load current rating. The load current rating of all contact means is the same.
For example, an electrical switching apparatus may be a component of an electrical panel, such as a Diesel Generator (DG), for managing switching between a supply of electrical power and an emergency power supply. The DG may be designed to produce single phase or three phase distribution of current. For example, in telecommunications applications, the DG should produce 100 amps of current for single phase distribution and 60 amps of current for three phase distribution. To meet the demands of DG for single-phase and three-phase power distribution, electrical panels use a plurality of electrical switches, each having one or more contact mechanisms (poles) with the same load current rating.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary power distribution management system 101 having a prior art electrical panel 100. The electrical panel 100 is comprised of an electrical switching apparatus 102, an electrical switching apparatus 104, and an electrical switching apparatus 106. The electrical switching apparatus 102 has 4 contact mechanisms 120A-D with a load current rating of 60 amps. The electrical switching apparatus 102 is configured to supply current from the power supply 108 to the electrical load 110. For example, the electrical load may be a telecommunications component, such as a component of a base station. The electrical switching apparatus 104 has 3 contact mechanisms 114A-C with a load current rating of 60 amps. The electrical switching apparatus 106 has 4 contact mechanisms 116A-D with a load rated at 30 amps. The electrical switching apparatus 104 and 106 are configured to supply current from the emergency power source 112 to the electrical load 110. The emergency power supply 112 may be single phase or three phase. The electrical panel 100 is suitable for use with single-phase and three-phase emergency power supplies 112.
When the power supply 108 is present, the electrical switching apparatus 102 is in a closed state and the electrical switching apparatuses 104 and 106 are in an open state. Thus, the electrical switching apparatus 102 supplies current from the power supply 108 to the electrical load 110.
When the power supply 108 is not available, the electrical switching apparatus 102 is in an open state and the electrical switching apparatus 104 and the electrical switching apparatus are in a closed state.
When the electrical panel 100 is to be used with a three-phase emergency power supply 112, the contact mechanisms 114A-C of the electrical switching apparatus 104 are not separately connected to the electrical load 110 using a shorting link, while the contact mechanisms 116A-D of the electrical switching apparatus 106 need to be permanently shorted using the shorting link 122 to meet the demand for 60A current to be supplied to the electrical load from the three-phase emergency power supply 112. When the electrical panel 100 is to be used with a single-phase emergency power source 112, the contact mechanisms 114A-C of the electrical switching apparatus 104 are shorted using the shorting link 124 and the contact mechanisms 116A-D of the electrical switching apparatus 106 are permanently shorted to meet the demand to provide 100 amps of current from the single-phase emergency power source 112 to the electrical load 110.
However, the electrical panel 100 of fig. 1 requires two electrical switching apparatus 104 and 106 to meet the requirements of single-phase and three-phase emergency power supplies 112. Also, the electrical panel 100 employs short-circuit links 122 on the input and output sides of the electrical switching apparatus 106. These factors can significantly increase the cost and size of the electrical panel 100. In addition, a large amount of wiring activity is involved in the electrical panel 100 to allow the electrical switching apparatus 104 and 106 to function properly. Additionally, the electrical switching apparatus 102 and the electrical switching apparatus 104 are mechanically interlocked using the mechanical interlock 118 to ensure safety, while the electrical switching apparatus 102 and the electrical switching apparatus 106 are not mechanically interlocked. However, the interlocking of the electrical switching apparatus 102 and the electrical switching apparatus 104 is achieved through complex electrical wiring, which may also result in a hazard. Further, in the power distribution management system 101, since the number of components is large, the time required to assemble the electrical panel 100 is also long.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a single electrical switching apparatus that can meet the requirements of single-phase and three-phase emergency power supplies.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrical switching apparatus having contact means of different load current ratings to meet the requirements of single phase and three phase emergency power supplies.
The object of the invention is achieved by an electrical switching device comprising a plurality of contact means. The contact mechanism may be red, yellow, green and neutral nodes. At least one of the contact means has a load current rating which is different from the load current rating of the remaining contact means. I.e. at least one contact mechanism has a load current rating sufficient to act as a neutral node of a single phase emergency power supply. In one embodiment, at least one of the contact means has a higher load current rating than the remaining contact means. For example, at least one of the contact mechanisms has a load current rating in the range of 100 to 140 amps, while the remaining contact mechanisms have a load current rating in the range of 60 to 110 amps. It may be noted that the load current rating of the contact means is specified based on standard requirements, such as telecommunications standards in india requiring at least one contact means (neutral node) to be 110A amps, while the remaining contact means (R-Y-G node) are 60 amps. In another embodiment, at least one of the contact means has a lower load current rating than the remaining contact means.
Each contact mechanism includes a fixed contact element connectable to a power source and a movable contact element connectable to an electrical load. The electrical switching apparatus comprises drive means capable of establishing contact between the movable contact element and the fixed contact element of each said contact mechanism for supplying power from the power source to the electrical load. For example, the drive means may be an electromagnetic unit, such as an electromagnetic coil, or a mechanical device, such as a disconnector.
The electrical switching apparatus further comprises a short-circuiting device capable of short-circuiting the remaining contact means. For example, the shorting device may be a shorted link. When the electrical switching apparatus is used with a single-phase emergency power supply, shorting of the remaining contact mechanisms can cause the desired current to be delivered to the electrical load. However, when the electrical switching apparatus is used with a three-phase emergency power supply, the electrical switching apparatus does not require a short-circuiting device. Advantageously, the electrical switching apparatus can be readily configured for use with single phase emergency power supplies as well as three phase emergency power supplies.
The objects of the invention are also achieved by providing an electrical panel comprising a housing, a first electrical switching apparatus connectable to a primary power source and an electrical load, and a second electrical switching apparatus connectable to a secondary power source (306) and the electrical load. Advantageously, a single electrical switching apparatus from a single phase or three phase emergency power source may be used to deliver power to the electrical load. The first electrical switching apparatus is interlocked with the second electrical switching apparatus in the housing using a mechanical interlock. The interlocking of the electrical switching apparatus using the mechanical interlock ensures safety during operation of the electrical panel. Moreover, the need to interlock electrical switching apparatus using complex wiring is eliminated.
The second electrical switching apparatus includes a plurality of contact mechanisms, wherein at least one of the contact mechanisms has a load current rating that is different from the load current rating of the remaining contact mechanisms. Each contact mechanism includes a fixed contact element connectable to a power source and a movable contact element connectable to an electrical load. The second electrical switching device comprises driving means able to establish contact between the movable contact element and the fixed contact element of each said contact mechanism for supplying power from the power source to the electrical load.
Wherein at least one of the contact means has a load current rating of 110 amps and the remaining contact means has a load current rating of 60 amps.
Furthermore, the second electrical switching device comprises a short-circuiting device capable of short-circuiting the remaining contact means in the case of a single-phase power supply.
The object of the invention is achieved by a power distribution management system comprising an electrical panel as described above. For example, a power distribution management system may be used to supply power to telecommunications components such as base stations.
The above and other features of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The illustrated embodiments are for purposes of explanation, not limitation, of the invention.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments shown in the following drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary power distribution management system having a prior art electrical panel 100.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary switching device having contact mechanisms of different load current ratings according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary power distribution management system having an electrical panel employing the electrical switching apparatus of fig. 2, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary power distribution management system with an electrical panel employing the electrical switching apparatus of fig. 2, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides an improved electrical panel. Various embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary electrical switching apparatus 200 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The electrical switching apparatus 200 includes contact mechanisms 202A-D. The contact mechanisms 202A-D are the red, yellow, green, and neutral poles of the electrical switching apparatus 200. The contact mechanisms 202A-D include fixed contact elements 204A-D and movable contact elements 206A-D. The fixed contact elements 204A-D may be connected to an electrical load, while the movable contact elements 206A-D may be connected to an emergency power source, such as a diesel generator.
The electrical switching apparatus 200 includes an actuating device 208 capable of establishing contact between the movable contact elements 206A-D and the respective stationary contact elements 204A-D to provide power from a power source to an electrical load. In one embodiment, the driving device 208 may be an electromagnetic device that brings the movable contact elements 206A-D into contact with the fixed contact elements 204A-D.
According to the invention, the contact mechanisms 202A-C have the same load current rating. The contact mechanism 202D has a different current rating than the contact mechanisms 202A-C. For example, the contact mechanisms 202A-C have a load current rating of 60 amps. The contact mechanism 202D has a load current rating of 110 amps.
For a single-phase emergency power supply, the contact mechanisms 202A-C are shorted using a shorting link (e.g., as shown in fig. 4) and the contact mechanism 220D is used as a neutral node to achieve the desired current (e.g., 100 amps). For example, the contact mechanisms 202A-C provide 60 amps x 3-180 amps, while the contact mechanism 202D provides 110 amps. For a three-phase emergency power supply, the contact mechanisms 202A-D do not use a short-circuit link short circuit when the load current rating of the contact mechanisms 202A-D meets a desired current (e.g., 60 amps).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary power distribution management system 300 having an electrical panel 302 employing the electrical switching apparatus 200 of fig. 2, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The power distribution management system 300 includes an electrical panel 302, a power supply 304, an emergency power source 306, and an electrical load 308.
The power supply 304 is the primary source of power for the electrical load 308. The emergency power source 306 is a secondary source of power to the electrical load 308, particularly when the power supply 304 is unavailable. The emergency power source 306 may be a generator set such as a diesel generator. In this example, the emergency power supply 306 is a three-phase generator set.
The electrical panel 302 is a device that manages switching between the power supply 304 to the emergency power source 306 or vice versa. When connected to the power supply 304 or emergency power source 306, the electrical panel 302 supplies power to the electrical load 308. The electrical panel 302 includes a housing 303, an electrical switching apparatus 310, and the electrical switching apparatus 200. The electrical switching apparatus 310 and the electrical switching apparatus 200 are mechanically interlocked in the electrical panel 302 within the housing 303 using a mechanical interlock 320.
The electrical switching apparatus 310 is configured to supply power from the power supply 304 to the electrical load 308 during a closed state of the electrical switching apparatus 310 (i.e., when the power supply 304 is available). The electrical switching apparatus 310 includes contact mechanisms 312A-D having the same load current rating (e.g., 60 amps). The contact mechanisms 312A-D include fixed contact elements 314A-D and movable contact elements 316A-D. The fixed contact elements 314A-D are connected to the power supply 304, while the movable contact elements 316A-D are connected to the electrical load 308. The electrical switching apparatus 310 includes an actuating device 318 that is capable of establishing contact between the movable contact elements 316A-D and the fixed contact elements 314A-D when the power supply 304 is available. When the movable contact elements 316A-D are in contact with the fixed contact elements 314A-D, current flows from the power supply 304 to the electrical load 308 through the contact mechanisms 312A-D.
The electrical switching apparatus 200 is configured to supply power from the emergency power source 306 to the electrical load 308 during a closed state of the electrical switching apparatus 200 (i.e., when the power supply 304 is unavailable).
In exemplary operation, when the power supply 304 is available, the electrical switching apparatus 310 is in a closed state and the electrical switching apparatus 200 is in an open state. Thus, electricity from the power supply 304 is supplied to the electrical load 308. On the other hand, when the power supply 304 is not available, the electrical switching apparatus 310 is in the open state and the electrical switching apparatus 200 is in the closed state. Thus, electricity from the emergency power source 306 is supplied to the electrical load 308. Where the emergency power source 306 is a three-phase genset, the contact mechanisms 202A-D of the electrical switching apparatus 200 are used without using a short-circuit link because all of the contact mechanisms 202A-D meet the 60 amp requirement.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary power distribution management system 400 having an electrical panel 302 employing the electrical switching apparatus 200 of fig. 2, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The power distribution management system 400 is similar to the power distribution management system 300, except that the power distribution management system 400 of fig. 4 is used with a single phase emergency power source 404. In this case, it can be seen that the contact mechanisms 202A-C are short circuited using the short circuit link 402 and the contact mechanism 202D is used for the neutral path of the emergency power supply 404. Thus, the contact mechanisms 202A-C meet the 60 amp (60 × 3 ═ 180 amps) requirement, while the contact mechanism 202D meets the 100 amp requirement because the contact mechanism 202D has a load current rating of 110A (higher than the contact mechanisms 202A-C). This eliminates the need for two electrical switching devices to meet the same requirements of a single phase emergency power supply. Thus, the electrical panel 302 with a single electrical switching apparatus 200 can be used for single phase or three phase emergency power.
In the various embodiments described above, the power distribution management system meets the requirements of the telecommunications standard (e.g., 110A's neutral node). According to the present invention, the need for two electrical switching apparatus is eliminated, and thus the cost and size of the electrical panel is significantly reduced. Moreover, power consumption of the electrical panel is reduced by employing a single electrical switching apparatus. Furthermore, the need for a large number of wires to run the electronic panel is also eliminated, and the electrical panel is easy to assemble. The electrical panel contains a small number of components and low carbon emissions.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Numerous improvements and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in view of this disclosure without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the invention as described herein. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes, modifications and variations are within the meaning and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An electrical switching apparatus (200) comprising:
a plurality of contact mechanisms (202A-D), each contact mechanism (202A-D) comprising:
a stationary contact element (204A-D) connectable to a power source (306, 404);
a movable contact element (206A-D) connectable to an electrical load (308); and
-a drive device (208) capable of establishing contact between the movable contact element (206A-D) and the fixed contact element (204A-D) of each contact means (202A-D) for supplying power from the power source (306, 404) to the electrical load (308), characterized in that at least one contact means (202D) has a load current rating different from the load current ratings of the remaining contact means (202A-C) to meet the requirements of single-phase and three-phase emergency power, wherein the electrical switching device (200) further comprises a short-circuit device capable of short-circuiting the remaining contact means (202A-C).
2. The electrical switching apparatus (200) of claim 1 wherein said at least one contact mechanism (202D) has a load current rating sufficient to function as a neutral node of a single phase emergency power supply.
3. The electrical switching apparatus (200) of claim 1 wherein said at least one contact mechanism (202D) has a higher load current rating than said remaining contact mechanisms (202A-C).
4. The electrical switching apparatus (200) of claim 1 wherein said at least one contact mechanism (202D) has a lower load current rating than said remaining contact mechanisms (202A-C).
5. An electrical panel (302), comprising:
a housing (303);
a first electrical switching apparatus (310) connectable to a primary power source (304) and an electrical load (308); and
a second electrical switching apparatus (200) of any of claims 1-4 wherein the second electrical switching apparatus (200) is connectable to a secondary power source (306, 404) and the electrical load (308).
6. The electrical panel (302) of claim 5, wherein the first electrical switching apparatus (310) is interlocked with the second electrical switching apparatus (200) in the housing (303) using a mechanical interlock (320).
7. The electrical panel (302) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the second electrical switching device (200) comprises a short-circuit device capable of short-circuiting the remaining contact means (202A-C).
8. An electrical distribution management system (300, 400) comprising an electrical panel (302) according to any of claims 5 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN201731018762 | 2017-05-29 | ||
| IN201731018762 | 2017-05-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108933050A CN108933050A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| CN108933050B true CN108933050B (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810505989.XA Active CN108933050B (en) | 2017-05-29 | 2018-05-24 | Electrical switching device |
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| CN (1) | CN108933050B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3142732A (en) * | 1961-12-01 | 1964-07-28 | Texas Instruments Inc | Ganged multipole circuit breaker |
| CN1481565A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-03-10 | Abb | Interlocking device for circuit breakers |
| CN1655306A (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-17 | 施耐德电器工业公司 | Multi-pole circuit breaker with single pole switching units |
| CN102272876A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2011-12-07 | 伊顿公司 | Switching apparatus comprising a plurality of switching assemblies, and associated method |
| CN103875053A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-06-18 | 伊顿电气Ip两合公司 | Range of multi-pole circuit breakers |
-
2018
- 2018-05-24 CN CN201810505989.XA patent/CN108933050B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3142732A (en) * | 1961-12-01 | 1964-07-28 | Texas Instruments Inc | Ganged multipole circuit breaker |
| CN1481565A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-03-10 | Abb | Interlocking device for circuit breakers |
| CN1655306A (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-17 | 施耐德电器工业公司 | Multi-pole circuit breaker with single pole switching units |
| CN102272876A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2011-12-07 | 伊顿公司 | Switching apparatus comprising a plurality of switching assemblies, and associated method |
| CN103875053A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-06-18 | 伊顿电气Ip两合公司 | Range of multi-pole circuit breakers |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108933050A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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