CN108820049B - A kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing - Google Patents

A kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108820049B
CN108820049B CN201810699453.6A CN201810699453A CN108820049B CN 108820049 B CN108820049 B CN 108820049B CN 201810699453 A CN201810699453 A CN 201810699453A CN 108820049 B CN108820049 B CN 108820049B
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China
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energy
absorbing portion
absorbing
column
lateral
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CN201810699453.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108820049A (en
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马芳武
梁鸿宇
熊长丽
蒲永锋
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/04Door pillars ; windshield pillars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00Products made by additive manufacturing

Abstract

A kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing, comprising: B column outside plate, infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer, B column inner panel;Infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer be from multiple unit cell spaces X to be combined in Y-direction made of stereochemical structure;Unit cell space is connected and composed by two symmetrical subelement born of the same parents;Subelement born of the same parents include: power transmission portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion;Power transmission portion one end is connect by first level force transmitting board with the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, and the other end is connect with the first lateral energy-absorbing portion;The first vertical energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, and the angle between the first vertical energy-absorbing portion and the second vertical energy-absorbing portion is 135-165 °;Described first lateral energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second lateral energy-absorbing portion by the second horizontal force transmitting board;The other end in the second lateral energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion.Initial spike is low when the automobile B-column collides, and endergonic process is stablized, and energy-absorbing effect is good.

Description

A kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of automobile parts, and the automobile B of energy-absorbing is concentrated more particularly to a kind of achievable multi-axial cord Column.
Background technique
With the continuous rising of car ownership, the occurrence frequency of motor traffic accidents also gradually increases, and automobile primary is passive Safety becomes more and more important.In U.S.'s collision accident investigation statistics, the probability of side collision accounts for 7%, collides thing in Japan Therefore in investigation statistics, the probability of side collision accounts for 12.7%.It is the position apart from driver's relative close, to driving because of side impact The life security of member has very big threat, so reinforcing the safety of side collision is particularly important.
B column is the main energy absorbing members of side collision and the hot spot of numerous scholars research side collision.Currently, improving The general measures of Side-impact safety are to improve panel thickness and increase reinforcing rib, and will lead to automobile in this way and become weight, are discontented with The trend requirement of sufficient automotive light weight technology.
With the development of carbon fibre material, there are many scholars to propose the idea of carbon fiber B column.In Chinese patent A kind of internal reinforcing plates made of carbon fibre composite are proposed in CN206231454 U, the novel B that steel outside plate is constituted Rod structure, high, the light-weight advantage using carbon fiber strength, can under conditions of guaranteeing crash-worthiness, to steel plate outside former B column into Row part hollow out simplifies, so that weight is reduced, but the complex forming technology of carbon fiber, and quality controls not perfect, cost It is higher.
In recent years, Multi-halfwaves Filters were evolving and applied, the superior energy absorption performance of Multi-halfwaves Filters and itself is included Light-weighted performance has become the research hotspot of every profession and trade, equally, if it is reasonably applied on automobile B-column, Positive effect can be generated.205440545 U of Chinese patent CN discloses a kind of " a kind of honeycomb interlayer automobile B-column ", the automobile B column mainly improves the safety system of side impact using honeycomb interlayer as energy absorbing component so as to improve Side-impact safety energy Number.But since honeycomb energy absorbing structure collision initial spike is high, endergonic process is unstable, and when collision can bring very big rush to human body Power is hit, personnel are caused centainly to injure, are unfavorable for energy-absorbing;Further, since honeycomb energy absorbing structure endergonic process stock utilization is low, So integral energy-absorbing effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the automobile B-columns that a kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates energy-absorbing, to solve existing automobile B Column side weight is big, high production cost, and initial spike is high when collision, and endergonic process is unstable, the bad skill of energy-absorbing effect Art problem.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
A kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing, comprising: B column outside plate, infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer, B column inner panel; The B column outside plate is arranged in outermost;The infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer is arranged among B column outside plate and B column inner panel;In the B column Plate is arranged in most inner side;The improvement done is: the infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer be from multiple unit cell spaces X to in Y-direction successively The stereochemical structure being arranged in a combination;
The unit cell space is connected and composed by two symmetrical subelement born of the same parents;The subelement born of the same parents include: power transmission portion, One vertical energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion;Power transmission portion one end passes through First level force transmitting board is connect with the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, and the other end is connect with the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, and power transmission portion is horizontal with first It is acute angle to the angle between energy-absorbing portion;The first vertical energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing Angle between portion and the second vertical energy-absorbing portion is 135-165 °;Described first lateral energy-absorbing portion passes through with the second lateral energy-absorbing portion Second horizontal force transmitting board connection, the second horizontal force transmitting board is consistent with the outer surface length of first level force transmitting board, the second horizontal biography Power plate is connect with the first level force transmitting board of another unit cell space, is sequentially connected unit cell space in Y-direction;Described first laterally Angle between energy-absorbing portion and the second horizontal force transmitting board is 150 ° -160 °;Described second lateral energy-absorbing portion and the second horizontal power transmission Angle between plate is 150 ° -160 °, and the other end in the second lateral energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, between the two Angle is acute angle;It is machined with connection buffer table in power transmission portion and the outer surface of the first lateral energy-absorbing portion connecting pin, laterally second Energy-absorbing portion is same as the outer surface of the second vertical energy-absorbing portion connecting pin to be machined with connection buffer table, will be symmetrical by connection buffer table Two subelement born of the same parents connection, while by each unit cell space in X to being sequentially connected.
As a preference of the present invention, infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer is the integral structure of 3D printing, constitutes infinitesimal born of the same parents and fill out Fill the power transmission portion in layer on unit cell space, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second cross It is identical as the wall thickness of the second horizontal force transmitting board to energy-absorbing portion, first level force transmitting board;And it the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, second laterally inhales Energy portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion are identical as the length in the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, and the length in the power transmission portion is 15-18mm;It is described The length of second horizontal force transmitting board is 2-4mm.
As present invention further optimization, the angle between the first vertical energy-absorbing portion and the second vertical energy-absorbing portion is 150 °, the angle between the described first lateral energy-absorbing portion and the second horizontal force transmitting board is 150 °;The second lateral energy-absorbing portion with Angle between second horizontal force transmitting board is 150 °, and the angle between power transmission portion and the first lateral energy-absorbing portion is 50-70 °, best It is 60 °.
As present invention further optimization, infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer passes through 3D printing using lactic acid composite material Integral structure, proof strength requirement under, it is environmentally protective using lactic acid composite material, it is degradable, and draw materials extensively, come From in crops, production cost can be substantially reduced;In addition, for the intensity for guaranteeing infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer, the infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer It is mixed with preferably with polylactic acid and basalt fibre by each 50%, basalt fibre is staple fiber, and the two mixing intensity reaches Highest.
The advantages of the present invention are:
(1) automobile B-column structure provided by the invention is simple, and energy-absorbing effect is good, adaptable, is suitable for many vehicles, should Automobile B-column in existing automobile B-column by filling infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer, using on each unit cell space in infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer Energy-absorbing space increases energy-absorbing effect;When being impacted, unit cell space can generate Negative poisson's ratio, can be by the material of surrounding Expect to concentrate to force part, there is very high stock utilization, so as to undertake bigger load, makes it possible to measure bigger Absorption, compare honeycomb class packing material, side collision initial spike reduces, close with plateau stress area, while stress is flat The platform head of district and it is steady, endergonic process is more stable, can preferably protect driver's life security.
(2) automobile B-column of the present invention is by the special designing to unit cell structure, compared to general negative poisson's ratio material, One group of concentration support is only generated, surrounding material is all drawn close to most intermediate, although can also concentrate resistance Percussion counter-force, is formed Speed is slower, and after intermediate materials gradually fill up, material in the outer part can not continue to draw close, and participates in energy-absorbing, results on the outside The ability to bear of material is lower, in the connection of two neighboring unit cell space in this structural collision endergonic process that the present invention designs Place will form multiple groups and concentrate support, can disperse Percussion counter-force, and the material near the support of every group of concentration is to respective concentration Support is drawn close, and speed that can be most fast reaches one kind efficiently to shock proof state, realizes timeliness, the energy-absorbing effect of high efficiency Fruit.
(3) automobile B-column provided by the invention, under the requirement for meeting intensity, crash-worthiness enhances, and weight is lighter;Meanwhile Integral structure of the lactic acid composite material Jing Guo 3D printing can be directly used in infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer inside the automobile B-column, It substantially reduces production cost, improve production efficiency.
(4) present invention fills infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer inside B column, because there are a large amount of holes inside it, it will outside to automobile The noise that portion is transmitted generates " the sound forbidden band " in certain frequency, plays the role of noise reduction according to " band gap " principle, increases traveling Comfort.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional model diagram of B-pillar structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the main view of infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be invention unit cell space in X to the schematic diagram arranged with Y-direction.
Fig. 5 is the overall structure diagram of invention unit cell space.
Fig. 6 is the main view of invention unit cell space.
Fig. 7 is infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer deformation process figure in two-dimensional surface during collision impact.
Fig. 8 is the present invention and hexagonal honeycomb structure absorption cell collision initial spike comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
To enable those skilled in the art to better understand technical solution of the present invention and its advantage, with reference to the accompanying drawing The application is described in detail, but is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of achievable multi-axial cord provided by the invention concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing, comprising: B column outside plate 1, Infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2, B column inner panel 3;Wherein, the B column outside plate 1 is arranged in outermost;The infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2 is arranged in B Among column outside plate 1 and B column inner panel 3;The B column inner panel 3 is arranged in most inner side, B column outside plate 1, infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2, B column inner panel 3, by bonding connection, form sandwich structure.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2 be from multiple unit cell spaces X to be arranged successively in Y-direction The stereochemical structure being composed;
Referring to fig. 4 to fig. 6, the unit cell space is connected and composed by two symmetrical subelement born of the same parents A;The subelement born of the same parents A includes: power transmission portion 4, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion 5, second the 7, second lateral energy-absorbing portion, vertical the 6, first lateral energy-absorbing of energy-absorbing portion portion 8;Described 4 one end of power transmission portion is connect by first level force transmitting board 9 with the first vertical energy-absorbing portion 5, and the other end and first is laterally inhaled Energy portion 7 connects, and the angle between power transmission portion 4 and the first lateral energy-absorbing portion 7 is 50-70 °, and preferably 60 °, the length in power transmission portion is 15-18mm;The first vertical energy-absorbing portion 5 is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion 6, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion 5 and the second vertical suction Angle between energy portion 6 is 135-165 °, preferably 150 °;Described first lateral energy-absorbing portion 7 passes through with the second lateral energy-absorbing portion 8 Second horizontal force transmitting board 10 connects, and the second horizontal force transmitting board 10 is consistent with the outer surface length of first level force transmitting board 9, is 2- 4mm, the second horizontal force transmitting board 10 are connect with the first level force transmitting board 9 of another unit cell space, make unit cell space Y-direction successively Connection;Angle between described first lateral energy-absorbing portion 7 and the second horizontal force transmitting board 10 is 150 ° -160 °, preferably 150 °;Institute The angle stated between the second lateral energy-absorbing portion 8 and the second horizontal force transmitting board 10 is 150 ° -160 °, and preferably 150 °, second laterally The other end in energy-absorbing portion 8 is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion 6;In the outer surface of 7 connecting pin of power transmission portion 4 and the first lateral energy-absorbing portion It is machined with connection buffer table 11, is machined with the second lateral energy-absorbing portion 8 is same as the outer surface of the second vertical 6 connecting pin of energy-absorbing portion Connect buffer table 11, connected symmetrical two subelement born of the same parents by connection buffer table 11, at the same by each unit cell space X to It is sequentially connected.
Infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer of the present invention is the integral structure using lactic acid composite material Jing Guo 3D printing, structure At the power transmission portion on unit cell space in infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first lateral energy-absorbing Portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion, first level force transmitting board are identical as the wall thickness of the second horizontal force transmitting board;And the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, Second lateral energy-absorbing portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion are identical as the length in the second vertical energy-absorbing portion.
Unit cell space of the invention is designed to above structure, and unit cell space stress deformation can be made to stablize, and power transmission effect is good, And the automobile B-column, 2 thickness of intermediate infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer are thicker, and the number of plies of receiving is more, and energy-absorbing effect is better, still The number of plies is more, is not only limited by space, but also B-pillar structure is heavier, this is the game of lightweight and safety, because using more born of the same parents The filling of material is bound to lighten in the case where original other conditions remain unchanged, therefore we can guarantee former automobile Under the premise of B column weight, in the case where inner space allows, adds the number of plies as much as possible, improve energy absorption.According to existing vapour From the point of view of the inner space situation of vehicle B column, unit cell space is 4-15 layers in the number of plies of Y-direction in general control infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2, most It is well 6-10 layers.
Automobile B-column of the present invention, infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2 are lactic acid composite material, green under proof strength requirement Colour circle is protected, degradable, and materials are extensive, from crops, experiments verify that: polylactic acid is mixed with basalt fibre by each 50% When, basalt fibre is staple fiber, and intensity reaches highest.
Referring to Fig. 7, according to the deformation process in two-dimensional surface during collision impact of infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2, it can be seen that The cell wall (the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion) of unit cell space by Aperture sections are gradually filled with, aperture sections are exactly so-called energy-absorbing space, and the deformation for unit cell structure provides steric requirements, To absorb more energy;Furthermore, it is possible to observe that the structure has the negative poisson's ratio phenomenon that distribution is concentrated, in collision impact In the process, material does not extend around, only deforms in compression direction, is to generate one group of collection compared to general negative poisson's ratio material Middle support, i.e. surrounding material are all drawn close to most intermediate, although can also concentrate resistance Percussion counter-force, formation speed is slower, to After intermediate materials gradually fill up, material in the outer part can not continue to draw close, and participate in energy-absorbing, result in the receiving energy of material on the outside Power is lower, and this structure that the present invention designs forms five groups of concentration supports, can disperse Percussion counter-force, support in every group of concentration Neighbouring material is drawn close to the support of respective concentration, and can be most fast reach is a kind of efficiently to shock proof state, is realized timely The energy-absorbing effect of property, high efficiency.Simultaneously as the Negative poisson's ratio that this distribution is concentrated, so that in impact process, it is adjoint One section long and steady of stress plateau area, endergonic process is more steady, and energy absorption also increases significantly, and later period presentation the more is pressed the more hard, This also ensures that the rigidity condition of automobile B-column, is unlikely to be damaged.The present invention will guarantee automobile B by reasonably designing Under conditions of column stiffness and intensity, more collision energies are absorbed as far as possible, on the one hand protect the safety of driver, another party Face also reduces the extent of the destruction of automobile B-column.
Working principle:
When automobile is by side impact, the infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer 2 inside B column will be compressed, each energy-absorbing on unit cell space The aperture sections of surrounding are gradually filled in portion, carry out absorption loss to collision energy using deformation;Simultaneously as unit cell structure Negative poisson's ratio, material do not extend around, and the material near every group of concentration support is supported to respective concentrations to be drawn close, Can be most fast reach is a kind of efficiently to shock proof state, realizes the energy-absorbing effect of timeliness, high efficiency;Meanwhile it impacting It will form one section of steady and long land regions in journey, be held essentially constant in the regional stress value, form a platform, platform Qu Yuechang, the area surrounded is bigger, and absorption energy is more, effective protection driver's life security;Fluctuate smaller, energy in platform area It is more stable to measure absorption process.In addition, the present invention is made in stress-strain diagram by the geometric dimension of rational design unit cell space Platform area that is, under the premise of guaranteeing driver's life security, absorbs energy as much as possible, has crossed platform area close to limit value Compact zone will be entered later, material the more is pressed the more real, the more presses the more hard, guarantees B column stiffness, is reduced the extent of the destruction to B column, is touched at this time It hits energy and is also absorbed consumption substantially.
Performance detection:
According to existing impact test, the automobile B-column of the application is same as the present application with inner panel with B column outside plate, and centre is set The automobile B-column for being equipped with regular hexagon honeycomb energy absorbing structure identical with the application height and the number of plies compares.
As a result: from figure 8, it is seen that the present invention can substantially reduce the collision initial peak of regular hexagon honeycomb energy absorbing structure Value, and increase platform area in the case where plateau stress is approximately equal, energy-absorbing enhancing reduces and impacts to human body bring Power protects the safety of driver.

Claims (4)

1. the automobile B-column that a kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates energy-absorbing, comprising: B column outside plate, infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer, B column inner panel;Institute B column outside plate is stated to be arranged in outermost;The infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer is arranged among B column outside plate and B column inner panel;The B column inner panel It is arranged in most inner side;It is characterized in that, the infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer be from multiple unit cell spaces X to be arranged successively in Y-direction The stereochemical structure being composed;
The unit cell space is connected and composed by two symmetrical subelement born of the same parents;The subelement born of the same parents include: power transmission portion, first perpendicular To energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion;Power transmission portion one end passes through first Horizontal force transmitting board is connect with the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, and the other end is connect with the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, and power transmission portion is laterally inhaled with first Angle between energy portion is acute angle;The first vertical energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion with Angle between second vertical energy-absorbing portion is 135-165 °;Described first lateral energy-absorbing portion passes through second with the second lateral energy-absorbing portion Horizontal force transmitting board connection, the second horizontal force transmitting board is consistent with the outer surface length of first level force transmitting board, the second horizontal force transmitting board It is connect with the first level force transmitting board of another unit cell space, is sequentially connected unit cell space in Y-direction;Described first lateral energy-absorbing Angle between portion and the second horizontal force transmitting board is 150 ° -160 °;The second lateral energy-absorbing portion and the second horizontal force transmitting board it Between angle be 150 ° -160 °, the other end in the second lateral energy-absorbing portion is connect with the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, angle between the two For acute angle;It is machined with connection buffer table in power transmission portion and the outer surface of the first lateral energy-absorbing portion connecting pin, in the second lateral energy-absorbing Portion is same as the outer surface of the second vertical energy-absorbing portion connecting pin to be machined with connection buffer table, by connecting buffer table for symmetrical two A subelement born of the same parents connection, at the same by each unit cell space in X to being sequentially connected;
Infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer is the integral structure of 3D printing, constitutes the power transmission in infinitesimal born of the same parents filled layer on unit cell space Portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion, the second vertical energy-absorbing portion, the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion, first level force transmitting board It is identical as the wall thickness of the second horizontal force transmitting board;And the first lateral energy-absorbing portion, the second lateral energy-absorbing portion, the first vertical energy-absorbing portion and the The length in two vertical energy-absorbing portions is identical, and the length in the power transmission portion is 15-18mm;The length of the second horizontal force transmitting board is 2- 4mm。
2. the automobile B-column that a kind of achievable multi-axial cord according to claim 1 concentrates energy-absorbing, which is characterized in that described Infinitesimal born of the same parents' filled layer uses integral structure of the lactic acid composite material Jing Guo 3D printing.
3. the automobile B-column that a kind of achievable multi-axial cord according to claim 1 concentrates energy-absorbing, which is characterized in that described the Angle between one vertical energy-absorbing portion and the second vertical energy-absorbing portion is 150 °, the described first lateral energy-absorbing portion and the second horizontal power transmission Angle between plate is 150 °;Angle between described second lateral energy-absorbing portion and the second horizontal force transmitting board is 150 °, power transmission portion Angle between the first lateral energy-absorbing portion is 50-70 °.
4. the automobile B-column that a kind of achievable multi-axial cord according to claim 2 concentrates energy-absorbing, which is characterized in that described poly- Lactic acid composite is the mixture that polylactic acid and basalt fibre press each 50%.
CN201810699453.6A 2018-06-29 2018-06-29 A kind of achievable multi-axial cord concentrates the automobile B-column of energy-absorbing Expired - Fee Related CN108820049B (en)

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CN110837674A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-25 南京航空航天大学 Automobile B column based on negative Poisson ratio structure and optimization method thereof
CN112277311A (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-01-29 同济大学 3D printing method and application of negative Poisson ratio honeycomb type composite energy-absorbing material
CN111361630A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-07-03 大连理工大学 Automobile crumple type energy-absorbing steering column with gradient multi-cell structure

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