CN108448566B - Online hybrid simulation method and system for power system - Google Patents
Online hybrid simulation method and system for power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108448566B CN108448566B CN201810146914.7A CN201810146914A CN108448566B CN 108448566 B CN108448566 B CN 108448566B CN 201810146914 A CN201810146914 A CN 201810146914A CN 108448566 B CN108448566 B CN 108448566B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
The invention provides an on-line hybrid simulation method and system for an electric power system, which comprises the following steps: based on historical simulation data, forming dangerous faults screened out according to preset conditions into a dangerous fault set; according to the faults in the dangerous fault set, data integration is carried out to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data; the simulation is performed based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set. The method and the system adopt a framework of screening first and then simulating, and combine fault screening and data integration, thereby effectively improving the automation degree of the hybrid simulation applied to online analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large power grid stabilization and control, and particularly relates to an online hybrid simulation method and system for an electric power system.
Background
With the rapid increase of economic level, the demand of society for electric power is increasingly strong. In order to ensure safe and reliable transmission of electric energy, an extra-large power grid of alternating current and direct current series-parallel connection is basically formed. With the enlargement of the scale of the power grid, the safety and stability of the power grid are increasingly difficult to control. Multiple grid faults occurring in the world indicate that the damage caused by the grid faults is increased by the increase of the transmission voltage level, the enlargement of the networking scale and the increase of the transmission capacity, and the fault reasons and the fault process are more complicated. The development of comprehensive and careful online monitoring, analysis and control on an operating power grid and the guarantee of the safety of power production, transmission and use are urgent requirements of power industries of various countries.
The online analysis systems of the power grid running in the world all adopt an electromechanical transient simulation method, and with the continuous improvement of an online analysis technology, an offline hybrid simulation technology and a computer technology, the condition for developing electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid simulation based on online data is met; meanwhile, as more and more elements which are difficult to simulate electromechanical transient states, such as direct current equipment and FACTS equipment, are added into modern power grids, the development of online hybrid simulation is also a necessary trend.
The development of the on-line analysis of the power system requires that the simulation technology has two necessary conditions: high real-time performance and high automation degree, which is also a problem that the mixed simulation is applied to online analysis and must be solved. The online analysis is an application with high real-time requirement, one-time whole-network scanning is required to be completed within 15 minutes, and if the time interval is too long, the analysis result loses timeliness, so that the practicability of the online analysis is reduced. The difference of modeling method, simulation step length and the like determines that the calculation amount of hybrid simulation is far greater than that of pure electromechanical simulation, and the calculation amount becomes a short board of the calculation speed in hybrid simulation; the requirement of high real-time performance of online analysis contradicts the calculation speed of hybrid simulation, and how to shorten the calculation time of online hybrid simulation and reduce the calculation resources occupied by online hybrid simulation in the future is a problem. The automation degree of the online safety and stability analysis is higher, the whole process from receiving real-time data to giving out early warning information of the system is automatically completed by software, and no manual participation is needed; meanwhile, the online analysis has better stability and fault tolerance, can automatically process various abnormal conditions such as calculation overtime, data errors and the like, and cannot influence the continuous operation of the whole system. Hybrid simulation has higher speciality and complex model parameters, so that more human participation factors are often required when offline analysis is performed. Therefore, how to improve the automation program of the hybrid simulation to meet the requirements of the online analysis application is another problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of low calculation speed and low automation degree in the prior art, the invention provides an online hybrid simulation method and system for an electric power system. The method and the system mainly aim at electromagnetic modeling of a direct current system, adopt an electromechanical model for the rest part of a power grid, apply an electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid simulation technology, and aim at improving the simulation accuracy of online analysis, realizing the fine analysis of faults such as direct current commutation failure and the like, and improving the calculation speed and the automation degree.
The adopted solution for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the improvement of an online hybrid simulation method for an electric power system is as follows:
based on historical simulation data, forming dangerous faults screened out according to preset conditions into a dangerous fault set;
according to the faults in the dangerous fault set, data integration is carried out to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
and performing simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set.
The first preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is improved in that the grouping of dangerous faults screened out according to preset conditions into a dangerous fault set based on historical calculation data includes:
based on historical simulation data, obtaining alternating current faults in the historical simulation data and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults;
and screening out alternating-current faults with the number of times of causing the direct-current faults to be larger than a preset threshold value to form a dangerous fault set.
In a second preferred embodiment, the improvement of the present invention is that the obtaining of the hybrid simulation calculation data by integrating data according to the faults in the dangerous fault set includes:
aiming at each fault in the dangerous fault set, screening out a direct current system influenced by the fault in a power grid;
acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data, integrating the power grid load flow online calculation data with the direct current system, and inputting load flow data of the currently selected direct current system to obtain mixed simulation calculation data;
the power grid load flow online calculation data comprises real-time steady-state load flow data and power grid dynamic parameters of a power grid.
The third preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is improved in that the obtaining of the power grid load flow online calculation data and the integration with the dc model, and inputting the load flow data of the currently selected dc system to obtain the hybrid simulation calculation data includes:
acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data;
establishing an electromagnetic sub-network aiming at the currently selected direct current system, establishing an electromechanical sub-network for the rest part of the power grid, wherein the boundaries of the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network are positioned on alternating current side buses of transformers on the rectification side and the inversion side of the direct current system;
respectively inputting the power grid load flow online calculation data into the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network;
and acquiring current direct current power flow data of the direct current system, and inputting the current direct current power flow data into an electromagnetic subnet corresponding to the direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data.
In a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, before performing simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set, the improvement further includes:
setting the direct current power flow data of the direct current system as a target for the operation of the electromagnetic sub-network corresponding to the direct current system;
setting the voltage at the interface of the electromagnetic subnetwork and the electromechanical subnetwork to be consistent with the voltage of the alternating-current side bus;
and starting a simulation program, and obtaining the internal parameters of the electromagnetic subnet as initial conditions of the electromagnetic model simulation after preset waiting time.
In a fifth preferred embodiment, before performing simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set, the improvement further includes:
acquiring steady-state power flow data of a power grid;
inputting the steady-state power flow data into a pre-established direct current fault frequency prediction model to obtain direct current fault prediction frequency;
when the prediction times are more than zero, further carrying out simulation calculation; otherwise, simulation calculation is not carried out.
In a sixth preferred technical solution, the improvement of the present invention is that the establishment of the dc failure frequency prediction model includes:
based on historical simulation data, acquiring steady-state power flow data of each section of a power grid and the frequency of direct-current faults caused by the alternating-current faults;
taking power grid steady-state load flow data as input, taking the number of the induced direct current faults as output, extracting power grid characteristics related to the direct current faults by adopting a logistic regression and lasso algorithm, and establishing a direct current fault number prediction model;
and calculating Euclidean distances between the input steady-state power flow data and the characteristics of the power grid, and taking the direct-current fault frequency of the historical simulation data corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance as the direct-current fault prediction frequency corresponding to the input steady-state power flow data.
In a seventh preferred embodiment, the improvement of the simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set includes:
sending the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set to a parallel calculation platform;
in the parallel computing platform, an electromechanical transient simulation process is adopted to perform transient simulation computation on the electromechanical subnet, an electromagnetic simulation process is adopted to perform transient simulation computation on the electromagnetic subnet, and a master control process is adopted to coordinate the electromechanical transient simulation process and the electromagnetic simulation process.
The eighth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is improved in that, in the parallel computing platform, an electromechanical transient simulation process is adopted to perform transient simulation computation on the electromechanical subnet, an electromagnetic simulation process is adopted to perform transient simulation computation on the electromagnetic subnet, and a master control process is adopted to coordinate the electromechanical transient simulation process and the electromagnetic simulation process, and the improvement includes:
when the number of the CPU cores of the parallel computing platform is not less than the number of the computing tasks, each computing task is allocated with one CPU core for simulation computation;
otherwise, the electromechanical transient simulation process and the master control process share one CPU core, each electromagnetic simulation process is allocated with one CPU core until all the CPU cores are occupied, and the rest calculation tasks are queued for calculation;
the calculation tasks comprise a master control process calculation task, an electromechanical transient simulation process calculation task and an electromagnetic simulation process calculation task.
In a ninth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the improvement further comprises:
sending the simulation calculation result to a user interface for displaying;
and alarming the calculation example causing the direct current system fault.
In an on-line hybrid simulation system for an electrical power system, the improvement comprising: the system comprises a fault screening module, a data integration module and a simulation calculation module;
the fault screening module is used for screening out dangerous faults according to preset conditions to form a dangerous fault set based on historical simulation data;
the data integration module is used for integrating data according to the faults in the dangerous fault set to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
the simulation calculation module is used for performing simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set.
In a tenth preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the improvement is that the fault screening module includes: the system comprises a fault data acquisition unit and a dangerous fault set unit;
the fault data acquisition unit is used for acquiring alternating-current faults in historical simulation data and the times of direct-current faults caused by the alternating-current faults based on the historical simulation data;
and the dangerous fault set unit is used for screening out alternating current faults causing the number of times of direct current faults to be larger than a preset threshold value to form a dangerous fault set.
In an eleventh preferred embodiment, the data integration module comprises: the system comprises a direct current system screening unit and a hybrid simulation calculation data unit;
the direct current system screening unit is used for screening out a direct current system influenced by the fault in a power grid aiming at each fault in the dangerous fault set;
the hybrid simulation calculation data unit is used for acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data, integrating the power grid load flow online calculation data with the direct current system, and inputting load flow data of the currently selected direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
the power grid load flow online calculation data comprises real-time steady-state load flow data and power grid dynamic parameters of a power grid.
In a twelfth preferred aspect of the present invention, the improvement is that the hybrid simulation calculation data unit includes: the system comprises a power grid load flow online calculation data subunit, a sub-network establishing subunit, a power grid data input subunit and a direct current system data input subunit;
the power grid load flow online calculation data subunit is used for acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data;
the sub-network establishing sub-unit is used for establishing an electromagnetic sub-network aiming at the currently selected direct current system, establishing an electromechanical sub-network for the rest part of the power grid, and the boundaries of the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network are positioned on alternating current side buses of transformers on the rectification side and the inversion side of the direct current system;
the power grid data input subunit is used for respectively inputting the power grid load flow online calculation data into the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network;
the direct current system data input subunit is used for acquiring current direct current power flow data of the direct current system and inputting the current direct current power flow data into an electromagnetic subnet corresponding to the direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an online hybrid simulation method and system for an electric power system. The method and the system adopt a framework of screening first and then simulating, and combine fault screening and data integration, thereby effectively improving the automation degree of the hybrid simulation applied to online analysis.
The online hybrid simulation method and system for the power system, provided by the invention, also combine model screening, direct current electromagnetic model initialization and parallel computation, and effectively improve the computation speed of the hybrid simulation applied to online analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an online hybrid simulation method for an electrical power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic frame diagram of an online hybrid simulation method for an electrical power system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an in-sky dc rectification measurement exchange active power according to an embodiment of the online hybrid simulation method for an electric power system provided in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an in-day dc off angle of an embodiment of an online hybrid simulation method for a power system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the schematic flow chart of the online hybrid simulation method of the power system provided by the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: based on historical simulation data, forming dangerous faults screened out according to preset conditions into a dangerous fault set;
step 2: according to the faults in the dangerous fault set, data integration is carried out to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
and step 3: the simulation is performed based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set.
Specifically, a schematic frame diagram of an online hybrid simulation method for a power system provided by the present invention is shown in fig. 2. The expected fault set is all fault sets in the power grid, and the calculated fault set is the screened fault set.
The step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 101: and obtaining the alternating current fault and the frequency of the direct current fault caused by the alternating current fault in the historical simulation data based on the historical simulation data.
Step 102: and screening out alternating-current faults with the number of times of causing the direct-current faults to be larger than a preset threshold value to form a dangerous fault set. Wherein the threshold may be set to 0, 1, 2 and 3, and may typically be set to 1.
The step 2 aims to form a set of calculation data which not only reflects the current operation state, but also can be subjected to hybrid simulation according to the faults in the dangerous fault set, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 201: and screening out a direct current system influenced by the fault from the power grid as a direct current model set corresponding to the fault aiming at each fault in the dangerous fault set. Each fault may correspond to a different set of dc models.
Step 202: an electromagnetic sub-network is established for the direct current system, an electromechanical sub-network is established for the rest part of the power grid, and the boundaries of the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network are positioned on alternating current side buses of transformers on the rectification side and the inversion side of the direct current system.
Each direct current system corresponds to two interfaces. Hybrid simulation requires data exchange between the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network at any time, and a mature node splitting method in offline calculation is adopted to define and process a boundary interface; when the hybrid simulation is carried out, each subnet carries out equivalence on the opposite subnet during calculation:
202-a: when calculating the electromagnetic sub-network, the electromechanical sub-network is replaced by a Thevenin or Nonton equivalent circuit;
202-b: when the computer is used for an electromagnetic subnetwork, because the elements and the structure of the electromagnetic subnetwork are complex, the equivalent form of the circuit is diversified, and the Noton equivalent circuit is adopted in the invention.
The electromechanical transient network of the electromechanical sub-network is a three-sequence phasor network, while the electromagnetic transient network of the electromagnetic sub-network is a three-phase instantaneous value network, so that the electromechanical-electromagnetic transient interface data needs to be subjected to sequence-phase transformation and instantaneous-phasor transformation. For an electromechanical transient network, an interface algorithm needs to convert equivalent data based on positive, negative and zero sequences into a mode based on a three-phase instantaneous value; for an electromagnetic transient network, an interface algorithm needs to convert a discrete instantaneous value into a fundamental wave effective value form based on phasor, then three-phase space data are converted into positive, negative and zero-sequence space data through linear transformation, and finally the three-phase space data are merged into a network equation of an electromechanical sub-network to be solved. Fundamental phasor extraction is mostly solved based on Fourier transform, and the algorithm can ensure the accuracy of fundamental data extraction. When an asymmetric fault or waveform distortion occurs in the system, the obtained fundamental phasor actually includes the influence of a non-periodic component. In this case, it is necessary to process the waveform containing the non-periodic component by using different data windows, so as to eliminate and reduce the error of the hybrid simulation caused by the non-periodic component.
Step 203: respectively inputting the power grid load flow online calculation data into the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network;
step 204: and acquiring current direct current power flow data of the direct current system, and inputting the current direct current power flow data into an electromagnetic subnet corresponding to the direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data.
The specific direct current power flow data is as follows:
effective value of rectification side converter bus voltage (p.u.)
Rectifying side current converting bus line voltage phase angle (degree)
Effective value of voltage of inversion side converter bus (p.u.)
Contravariant side current converting bus line voltage phase angle
DC rectification side pole 1 active power (MW)
DC contravariant side pole 1 active power (MW)
DC rectification side pole 2 active power (MW)
DC contravariant side pole 2 active power (MW)
DC rectification side compensation capacitor filter total capacity (MVAR)
DC inversion side compensation capacitor filter total capacity (MVAR)
DC rectification side pole 1 DC voltage (kV)
DC contravariant side pole 1 DC voltage (kV)
DC rectification side pole 1 DC current (kA)
DC contravariant side pole 1 DC current (kA)
DC rectification side pole 2 DC voltage (kV)
DC contravariant side pole 2 DC voltage (kV)
DC rectification side pole 2 DC current (kA)
DC contravariant side pole 2 DC current (kA)
Transformation ratio of direct current rectifying side transformer
DC inversion side transformer transformation ratio
Commutation side pole 1 trigger angle (degree)
Contravariant side pole 1 off angle (degree)
Commutation side pole 2 trigger angle (degree)
Contravariant side pole 2 off angle (degree)
DC single-double pole operation mode
The power grid load flow online calculation data comprises online operation data and offline mode data. The online operation data is real-time steady-state tidal current data of the power grid, and changes continuously along with the time. The off-line mode data is the dynamic parameters of the power grid, and is basically fixed and unchangeable data, such as models and parameters of a speed regulator of a generator and models and parameters of a synchronous machine, a voltage regulator and a static stabilizer of a power system.
Between step 2 and step 3, step 2a of initializing an electromagnetic model and step 2b of primarily screening simulation data are further included.
Step 2a comprises:
step 2a 01: and taking the direct current power flow data of the direct current system as the target of the operation of the electromagnetic sub-network. The method is characterized in that key numerical values in the direct current power flow data, including direct current power, direct current voltage, a trigger angle, a turn-off angle, a single-pole and double-pole operation mode, a direct current transformer transformation ratio and the like, are counted and injected into a direct current electromagnetic subnetwork to serve as a target for operation of a direct current system.
Step 2a 02: and setting the voltage at the interface of the electromagnetic subnetwork and the electromechanical subnetwork to be consistent with the voltage of the alternating-current side bus. Namely, a clamping power supply is added at the interface of the electromechanical sub-network and the electromagnetic sub-network, and the voltage of the clamping power supply is consistent with the voltage of alternating current buses at two sides of a direct current system, so that the electromechanical sub-network and the electromagnetic sub-network can be ensured to be simulated independently and not to be influenced mutually.
Step 2a 03: and starting a simulation program, and obtaining the internal parameters of the electromagnetic subnet as initial conditions of the electromagnetic model simulation after preset waiting time. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
starting a hybrid simulation program, and simulating a dynamic process until a preset waiting time is 3 seconds for example; at the moment, the electromechanical sub-network does not break down and the boundary conditions are unchanged, so that the dynamic process is stable, and the tidal current data is kept unchanged from the initial tidal current data; because the initialized power flow value, namely the running target of the direct current system is not matched with the direct current internal parameters, the electromagnetic sub-network can oscillate in the dynamic process and finally enters a stable state; after the steady state is entered, the power flow data of the electromechanical sub-network and the electromagnetic sub-network can be kept unchanged and are consistent with the preset operation target; at the moment, section snapshot can be carried out, the tidal current data of the electromechanical sub-network and the electromagnetic sub-network are kept, and the internal parameters of the direct current system are obtained and used as the initial conditions for carrying out subsequent real hybrid simulation.
Step 2b comprises:
step 2b 01: acquiring steady-state power flow data of a power grid;
step 2b 02: inputting the steady-state power flow data into a pre-established direct current fault frequency prediction model to obtain direct current fault prediction frequency; when the prediction times are more than zero, further simulation calculation is needed; otherwise, the simulation calculation is not carried out.
The establishment of the direct current fault frequency prediction model comprises the following steps:
step 2b 02-1: collecting historical simulation samples to form a sample library, and recording steady-state power flow data and alternating current faults of all sections in the historical simulation data and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults;
step 2b 02-2: for the same alternating current fault, taking power grid steady-state power flow data as input, taking the number of times of causing direct current fault as predicted value output, and establishing a direct current fault number prediction model: firstly, analyzing an existing historical simulation sample by adopting a logistic regression and LASSO LASSO algorithm, and extracting power grid characteristics related to direct current faults, namely key characteristics; and secondly, calculating the Euclidean distance between the steady-state load flow data and the power grid characteristics of the historical simulation data after new steady-state load flow data arrive, taking the Euclidean distance as a sample similarity index, and taking the direct-current fault frequency corresponding to the historical simulation sample corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance as the direct-current fault prediction frequency corresponding to the new steady-state load flow data.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
and sending the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set to a parallel computing platform to start actual hybrid simulation calculation.
Hybrid simulation includes three types of computational processes: the system comprises a master control process, an electromechanical transient simulation process and an electromagnetic transient simulation process. The master control process is responsible for coordinating electromechanical and electromagnetic simulation processes, and only one master control process is usually used; the electromechanical transient simulation process is responsible for transient simulation calculation of the electromechanical sub-network, and with the existing power grid scale, the electromechanical part does not need to be divided into networks, and only one electromechanical simulation process is needed; the electromagnetic simulation process is responsible for transient simulation calculation of the electromagnetic subnets, and is the most time-consuming part, and each direct current system corresponds to one electromagnetic subnetwork, namely, a corresponding electromagnetic simulation process is needed.
The electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid simulation belongs to typical network division parallel computing, and a plurality of CPU cores can be adopted to provide service for one computing task, so that the computing speed of a single task can be improved to the maximum extent. However, when there are multiple computing tasks, providing enough CPU cores for each task often fails to fully utilize computing resources, i.e., the requirement of minimizing the computing time of the overall task is not met. Therefore, a reasonable task allocation strategy needs to be formulated. Wherein the calculation tasks comprise a master control process calculation task, an electromechanical transient simulation process calculation task and an electromagnetic simulation process calculation task
Electromagnetic simulation is a short board for calculating speed in hybrid simulation, and should preferentially ensure that enough calculation resources are allocated for electromagnetic simulation. Therefore, when the number of the CPU cores is not less than the number of the calculation tasks, 1 CPU core is allocated to each calculation process; when the number of tasks is large, 1 CPU core is distributed for each electromagnetic simulation process, the electromechanical simulation process and the master control process share 1 CPU core until all computing resources are occupied, and redundant tasks are queued for computing.
After the step 3 is finished, the method also comprises a step 4:
and after the simulation calculation is finished, immediately sending the simulation result to a user interface for displaying, and giving an alarm to the example causing the abnormal operation of the direct current system. Meanwhile, the simulation result is stored in a historical sample library.
Step 4 may be followed by step 5 of feature update, specifically including:
with the updating of the historical sample library, the simulation system automatically performs primary power grid feature learning, and updates the learned result to a feature set to prepare for fault screening of the next period.
Example 2:
by adopting the online hybrid simulation method of the power system, a group of specific power grid load flow data is calculated.
(1) Mode of operation
Selecting a section of a national dispatching on a certain day in an actual operation mode, wherein the trend condition of the section is as follows:
the double-pole direct current operates symmetrically, and the operating power is 2734 MW;
the direct current bipolar symmetrical operation in the sky, the operation power is 6504 MW;
the Jinsu direct current bipolar symmetric operation is carried out, and the operation power is 4362 MW;
the Guest gold direct current bipolar symmetric operation is carried out, and the operation power is 2246 MW;
the Linshao direct current bipolar operates symmetrically, and the operating power is 2283 MW;
the Kengshao direct current bipolar symmetric operation is carried out, and the operation power is 811 MW;
the Yanhuai direct-current single-pole single converter operates at the operating power of 2010 MW;
the main plant operation is shown in table 1:
table 1: operating mode of main power plant
The important line operation is shown in table 2:
table 2: important line operation mode
| Device name | State of operation | Active power (MW) |
| Nanjing I line | Put into operation | 2307.107 |
| Huazhong, Songzhe I line | Put into operation | 258 |
| National tone, Tianzhong DC pole 1 line | Put into operation | 6503 |
(2) Fault setting
In the hybrid simulation, partial parameters in the electromagnetic model need to be initialized by a simulation calculation method, and a transition process of about 3 seconds is formed, so that the fault starting time is generally set to 5 seconds. And (3) fault description: a phase metal grounding fault occurs at the 500-second moment of the Huazhong, Songzheng and I-line Songshan side bus, automatic reclosing fails, and in-day direct current phase change failure is triggered; the single-phase fault is set in an AC network at an electromechanical side, and the direct current in the sky is simulated at an electromagnetic side; the DC power of the DC line in the steady state day is 6503 MW.
(3) Simulation calculation
In the calculation example, an electromagnetic model is adopted for day-to-day direct current; the hybrid simulation dynamic process is 10 seconds, the electromechanical simulation step length is 0.01 second, and the electromagnetic simulation step length is 50 microseconds; the simulation calculation took 52.36 seconds. The active output curve of the direct current rectification measurement and exchange in the day is shown in fig. 3, and 3 times of larger fluctuation of direct current in the day can be seen from the curve: the first fluctuation is started at 0 second, the fluctuation is caused by the initialization of the direct current electromagnetic model, the direct current power is stabilized near 6500MW after the stable state is entered, and the direct current power is consistent with a preset value, so that the effectiveness of the initialization process is verified; the last two fluctuations occur at the time of 5 seconds and 6 seconds respectively, and are caused by a single-phase fault and a reclosing failure on the alternating current side of the alternating current side, as shown in fig. 4, a direct current turn-off angle in the day has two large drops, a phase commutation failure occurs, namely, the direct current fault is caused by the fault on the alternating current side, and the effectiveness of hybrid simulation is verified.
Example 3:
based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an online hybrid simulation system of the power system, and because the principle of solving the technical problems of the equipment is similar to the online hybrid simulation method of the power system, repeated parts are not described again.
The system comprises:
the system comprises a fault screening module, a data integration module and a simulation calculation module;
the fault screening module is used for screening out dangerous faults according to preset conditions to form a dangerous fault set based on historical simulation data;
the data integration module is used for integrating data according to the faults in the dangerous fault set to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
and the simulation calculation module is used for performing simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set.
Wherein, the fault screening module includes: the system comprises a fault data acquisition unit and a dangerous fault set unit;
the fault data acquisition unit is used for acquiring alternating current faults in the historical simulation data and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults based on the historical simulation data;
and the dangerous fault set unit is used for screening out alternating current faults causing the number of times of direct current faults to be larger than a preset threshold value to form a dangerous fault set.
Wherein, the data integration module includes: the system comprises a direct current system screening unit and a hybrid simulation calculation data unit;
the direct current system screening unit is used for screening out a direct current system influenced by each fault in the dangerous fault set in the power grid;
the hybrid simulation calculation data unit is used for acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data, integrating the power grid load flow online calculation data with the direct current system, and inputting load flow data of the currently selected direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
the power grid load flow online calculation data comprises real-time steady-state load flow data and power grid dynamic parameters of the power grid.
Wherein, the hybrid simulation calculation data unit comprises: the system comprises a power grid load flow online calculation data subunit, a sub-network establishing subunit, a power grid data input subunit and a direct current system data input subunit;
the power grid load flow online calculation data subunit is used for acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data;
the sub-network establishing sub-unit is used for establishing an electromagnetic sub-network aiming at the currently selected direct current system, establishing an electromechanical sub-network for the rest part of the power grid, and the boundaries of the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network are positioned on alternating current side buses of transformers on the rectifying side and the inverting side of the direct current system;
the power grid data input subunit is used for respectively inputting the power grid load flow online calculation data into the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network;
the direct current system data input subunit is used for acquiring current direct current power flow data of the direct current system and inputting the current direct current power flow data into an electromagnetic subnet corresponding to the direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data.
Wherein, this system still includes the initial module, specifically includes: the device comprises a target setting unit, a voltage setting unit and an initial condition acquisition unit;
the target setting unit is used for setting direct current power flow data of the direct current system as a target for the operation of the direct current system corresponding to the electromagnetic subnetwork;
the voltage setting unit is used for setting the voltage at the interface of the electromagnetic subnetwork and the electromechanical subnetwork to be consistent with the voltage of the alternating-current side bus;
the initial condition obtaining unit is used for starting a simulation program, and obtaining internal parameters of the electromagnetic subnet as initial conditions of electromagnetic model simulation after preset waiting time.
The system also comprises a data preliminary screening module; the data primary screening module comprises a steady-state power flow obtaining unit, a failure frequency predicting unit and a screening judging unit;
the steady-state power flow obtaining unit is used for obtaining power grid steady-state power flow data;
the fault frequency prediction unit is used for inputting the steady-state power flow data into a pre-established direct current fault frequency prediction model to obtain direct current fault prediction frequency;
the screening judgment unit is used for judging that further simulation calculation is needed when the prediction times are more than zero; otherwise, judging not to perform simulation calculation.
The data preliminary screening module further comprises a modeling unit: the modeling unit comprises a model data subunit, a model establishing subunit and a model calculating subunit;
the model data subunit is used for acquiring steady-state load flow data and alternating current faults of each section of the power grid and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults based on historical simulation data;
the model establishing subunit is used for taking the steady-state power flow data of the power grid as input, taking the number of the induced direct-current faults as output, extracting the power grid characteristics related to the direct-current faults by adopting a logistic regression and lasso algorithm, and establishing a direct-current fault number prediction model;
the model calculation subunit is used for calculating Euclidean distances between the input steady-state power flow data and the characteristics of the power grid, and taking the direct-current fault frequency of the historical simulation data corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance as the direct-current fault prediction frequency corresponding to the input steady-state power flow data.
The simulation calculation module comprises a data sending unit and a platform calculation unit;
the data sending unit is used for sending the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set to the parallel calculation platform;
the platform computing unit is used for performing transient simulation calculation on the electromechanical subnets by adopting an electromechanical transient simulation process in the parallel computing platform, performing transient simulation calculation on the electromagnetic subnets by adopting an electromagnetic simulation process, and coordinating the electromechanical transient simulation process and the simulation process by adopting a master control process.
Wherein the platform computing unit comprises a first allocation subunit and a second allocation subunit;
the first allocating subunit is used for allocating a CPU core to each computing task for simulation computation when the number of CPU cores of the parallel computing platform is not less than the number of the computing tasks;
the second sub-distribution unit is used for sharing one CPU core with the electromechanical transient simulation process and the master control process when the number of the CPU cores of the parallel computing platform is larger than the number of the computing tasks, each electromagnetic simulation process is distributed with one CPU core until all the CPU cores are occupied, and the other computing tasks are queued for computing;
the calculation tasks comprise a master control process calculation task, an electromechanical transient simulation process calculation task and an electromagnetic simulation process calculation task.
Wherein, the system also comprises a result processing module;
the result processing module is used for sending the simulation calculation result to a user interface for displaying; and alarming the calculation example causing the direct current system fault.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and not for limiting the scope of protection thereof, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present application, they can make various changes, modifications or equivalents to the specific embodiments of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalents are all within the scope of protection of the claims to be filed.
Claims (6)
1. An online hybrid simulation method of a power system is characterized in that:
based on historical simulation data, forming dangerous faults screened out according to preset conditions into a dangerous fault set;
according to the faults in the dangerous fault set, data integration is carried out to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
performing a simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set;
based on historical calculation data, dangerous faults screened out according to preset conditions form a dangerous fault set, and the method comprises the following steps:
based on historical simulation data, obtaining alternating current faults in the historical simulation data and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults;
screening out alternating-current faults with the frequency of the induced direct-current faults larger than a preset threshold value to form a dangerous fault set;
according to the faults in the dangerous fault set, data integration is carried out to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data, and the method comprises the following steps:
aiming at each fault in the dangerous fault set, screening out a direct current system influenced by the fault in a power grid;
acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data, integrating the power grid load flow online calculation data with the direct current system, and inputting load flow data of the currently selected direct current system to obtain mixed simulation calculation data;
the power grid load flow online calculation data comprises real-time steady-state load flow data and power grid dynamic parameters of a power grid;
the method for obtaining the power grid load flow online calculation data, integrating the power grid load flow online calculation data with the direct current model, and inputting the load flow data of the currently selected direct current system to obtain the hybrid simulation calculation data comprises the following steps:
acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data;
establishing an electromagnetic sub-network aiming at the currently selected direct current system, and establishing an electromechanical sub-network for the rest part of the power grid, wherein the boundary between the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network is positioned on alternating current side buses of a rectification side transformer and an inversion side transformer of the direct current system;
respectively inputting the power grid load flow online calculation data into the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network;
acquiring current direct current power flow data of the direct current system, inputting the current direct current power flow data into an electromagnetic subnet corresponding to the direct current system, and acquiring hybrid simulation calculation data;
before the simulation is carried out based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring steady-state power flow data of a power grid;
inputting the steady-state power flow data into a pre-established direct current fault frequency prediction model to obtain direct current fault prediction frequency;
when the prediction times are more than zero, further carrying out simulation calculation; otherwise, not carrying out simulation calculation;
the establishment of the direct current fault frequency prediction model comprises the following steps:
based on historical simulation data, acquiring steady-state power flow data, alternating current faults and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults of each section of the power grid;
taking power grid steady-state load flow data as input, taking the number of the induced direct current faults as output, extracting power grid characteristics related to the direct current faults by adopting a logistic regression and lasso algorithm, and establishing a direct current fault number prediction model;
and calculating Euclidean distances between the input steady-state power flow data and the characteristics of the power grid, and taking the direct-current fault frequency of the historical simulation data corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance as the direct-current fault prediction frequency corresponding to the input steady-state power flow data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to performing the simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set, the method further comprises:
setting the direct current power flow data of the direct current system as a target for the operation of the electromagnetic sub-network corresponding to the direct current system;
setting the voltage at the interface of the electromagnetic subnetwork and the electromechanical subnetwork to be consistent with the voltage of the alternating-current side bus;
and starting a simulation program, and obtaining the internal parameters of the electromagnetic subnet as initial conditions of the electromagnetic model simulation after preset waiting time.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein simulating based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set comprises:
sending the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set to a parallel calculation platform;
in the parallel computing platform, an electromechanical transient simulation process is adopted to perform transient simulation computation on the electromechanical subnet, an electromagnetic simulation process is adopted to perform transient simulation computation on the electromagnetic subnet, and a master control process is adopted to coordinate the electromechanical transient simulation process and the electromagnetic simulation process.
4. The online hybrid simulation method of claim 3, wherein the performing transient simulation calculation on the electromechanical sub-network in the parallel computing platform by using an electromechanical transient simulation process, performing transient simulation calculation on the electromagnetic sub-network by using an electromagnetic simulation process, and coordinating the electromechanical transient simulation process and the electromagnetic simulation process by using a master control process comprises:
when the number of the CPU cores of the parallel computing platform is not less than the number of the computing tasks, each computing task is allocated with one CPU core for simulation computing;
otherwise, the electromechanical transient simulation process and the master control process share one CPU core, each electromagnetic simulation process is allocated with one CPU core until all the CPU cores are occupied, and other calculation tasks are queued to wait for calculation;
the calculation tasks comprise a master control process calculation task, an electromechanical transient simulation process calculation task and an electromagnetic simulation process calculation task.
5. The online hybrid simulation method of the power system according to claim 1, further comprising:
sending the simulation calculation result to a user interface for displaying;
and alarming the calculation example causing the direct current system fault.
6. An online hybrid simulation system for an electric power system, comprising: the system comprises a fault screening module, a data integration module and a simulation calculation module;
the fault screening module is used for screening out dangerous faults according to preset conditions to form a dangerous fault set based on historical simulation data;
the data integration module is used for integrating data according to the faults in the dangerous fault set to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
the simulation calculation module is used for performing simulation based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set;
the fault screening module comprises: the system comprises a fault data acquisition unit and a dangerous fault set unit;
the fault data acquisition unit is used for acquiring alternating-current faults in historical simulation data and the times of direct-current faults caused by the alternating-current faults based on the historical simulation data;
the dangerous fault set unit is used for screening out alternating current faults causing direct current faults with the frequency larger than a preset threshold value to form a dangerous fault set;
the data integration module comprises: the system comprises a direct current system screening unit and a hybrid simulation calculation data unit;
the direct current system screening unit is used for screening out a direct current system influenced by the fault in a power grid aiming at each fault in the dangerous fault set;
the hybrid simulation calculation data unit is used for acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data, integrating the power grid load flow online calculation data with the direct current system, and inputting load flow data of the currently selected direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
the power grid load flow online calculation data comprises real-time steady-state load flow data and power grid dynamic parameters of a power grid;
the hybrid simulation calculation data unit comprises: the system comprises a power grid load flow online calculation data subunit, a sub-network establishing subunit, a power grid data input subunit and a direct current system data input subunit;
the power grid load flow online calculation data subunit is used for acquiring power grid load flow online calculation data;
the sub-network establishing sub-unit is used for establishing an electromagnetic sub-network aiming at the currently selected direct current system, establishing an electromechanical sub-network for the rest part of the power grid, and the boundaries of the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network are positioned on alternating current side buses of transformers on the rectification side and the inversion side of the direct current system;
the power grid data input subunit is used for respectively inputting the power grid load flow online calculation data into the electromagnetic sub-network and the electromechanical sub-network;
the direct current system data input subunit is used for acquiring current direct current power flow data of the direct current system and inputting the current direct current power flow data into an electromagnetic subnet corresponding to the direct current system to obtain hybrid simulation calculation data;
before the simulation is carried out based on the hybrid simulation calculation data and the dangerous fault set, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring steady-state power flow data of a power grid;
inputting the steady-state power flow data into a pre-established direct current fault frequency prediction model to obtain direct current fault prediction frequency;
when the prediction times are more than zero, further carrying out simulation calculation; otherwise, not carrying out simulation calculation;
the establishment of the direct current fault frequency prediction model comprises the following steps:
based on historical simulation data, acquiring steady-state power flow data, alternating current faults and the times of direct current faults caused by the alternating current faults of each section of the power grid;
taking power grid steady-state load flow data as input, taking the number of the induced direct current faults as output, extracting power grid characteristics related to the direct current faults by adopting a logistic regression and lasso algorithm, and establishing a direct current fault number prediction model;
and calculating Euclidean distances between the input steady-state power flow data and the characteristics of the power grid, and taking the direct-current fault frequency of the historical simulation data corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance as the direct-current fault prediction frequency corresponding to the input steady-state power flow data.
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| CN109586290A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-05 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of Active Control Method and system of large scale electric network electro-magnetic transient automatic modeling |
| CN110879543B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Real-time hybrid simulation platform of electric power system |
| CN113807007B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-05-23 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Power grid short circuit fault judging method and system |
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