CN107947670B - A kind of power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor - Google Patents

A kind of power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor Download PDF

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CN107947670B
CN107947670B CN201711346511.9A CN201711346511A CN107947670B CN 107947670 B CN107947670 B CN 107947670B CN 201711346511 A CN201711346511 A CN 201711346511A CN 107947670 B CN107947670 B CN 107947670B
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axis
shaft current
current
value
motor
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CN107947670A (en
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曲荣海
于子翔
孔武斌
李大伟
蒋栋
贾少锋
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H02P2201/15Power factor Correction [PFC] circuit generating the DC link voltage for motor driving inverter

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of power factor control methods of direct current biasing type motor, comprising: (1) determines the relational expression for needing to meet between d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current under the premise of meeting the power factor of motor is 1;(2) under the premise of d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current meet above-mentioned relation formula, d shaft current value, q shaft current value and the 0 shaft current value when motor torque maximum for enabling to output are calculated;(3) using the d shaft current value being calculated in step (2), q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value as the given value of current value of the given value of current value of d axis, the given value of current value of q axis and 0 axis, and target value of the motor as d shaft current value, q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value is inputted, carry out no error following.The size that the present invention can make direct current biasing type motor no matter load remains that power factor is 1, while exporting maximum torque.

Description

A kind of power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor
Technical field
The invention belongs to alternating current generator driving and control fields, more particularly, to a kind of function of direct current biasing type motor Rate factor control method.
Background technique
Direct current biasing type motor is a kind of New-type electric machine developed on the basis of stator excitation synchronous motor, this The phase current of motor also contains DC component other than alternating component.It, can be flexible by changing the size of DC bias current Ground adjusts the air-gap field of motor, therefore has excellent speed adjusting performance.
Currently, the drive control of direct current biasing type motor is generallyd use maximum torque per ampere control method, that is, is controlled The virtual value that d shaft current processed remains zero, q shaft current is equal with the virtual value of 0 shaft current.This method effectively increases directly The operational efficiency of eccentrically arranged type motor is flowed, but the shortcomings that this control method are as follows: when loading increase, power factor is reduced, right Inverter capacity requirement improves, while also resulting in the reduction of grid power transmission efficiency, limits this motor in high power work The application of occasion.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to solve to direct current biasing type motor using torque capacity electricity Stream is than control method, and when so that load increasing, power factor is reduced, and improves to inverter capacity requirement, while also resulting in electricity The reduction of net power transmission efficiency limits this motor the application of high power work occasion the technical issues of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor, comprising:
(1) it determines under the premise of meeting the power factor of motor is 1, between d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current The relational expression for needing to meet;
(2) under the premise of d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current meet above-mentioned relation formula, calculating enables to defeated D shaft current value, q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value when motor torque maximum out;
(3) using the d shaft current value being calculated in step (2), q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value as d axis The given value of current value of given value of current value, the given value of current value of q axis and 0 axis, and motor is inputted as d shaft current value, q shaft current The target value of value and 0 shaft current value carries out no error following.
Optionally, the step (1) includes:
If the power factor of motor remains 1, current phasor is overlapped with voltage vector at this time, d shaft current, q shaft current with And 0 shaft current meet following relational expression:
Wherein, udAnd uqRespectively d shaft voltage and q shaft voltage;id、iq、i0Respectively d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current;LsFor electricity The phase inductance of machine, L0For the zero axle inductance of motor;
It is obtained by above formula: Ls(id 2+iq 2)=L0i0iq
Optionally, the step (2) includes:
Electric machine phase current virtual value isIt can indicate are as follows:
The electromagnetic torque T of motoreIt can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, npFor the number of pole-pairs of motor, in order to keep in the case where same d axis, q axis and 0 shaft current virtual value Power factor is 1, while exporting maximum motor torque, be can be obtained:
T is calculated according to above formulaeD axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value i when maximumd*、iq*、i0* it is respectively as follows:
Wherein, is *For electric machine phase current given value, when motor stabilizing is run, electric machine phase current given value is *With motor phase Current effective value isIt is essentially equal.
Optionally, the step (3) includes:
(3-1) is by motor speed given value ωe* with motor speed value of feedback ωeDifference DELTA ωrSpeed regulator is sent into, Speed regulator output armature current given value is*, by adjusting is*, so that ωe* with ωeDifference be always zero, i.e. ωeBegin ω is followed eventuallye* variation and change.
(3-2) is by motor rotor position signal θeAnd A, B, C phase current signal ia、ib、icIt is sent into the rotational coordinates Conversion module obtains d axis, q axis, 0 axis DC current signal by rotating coordinate transformation module, and anti-respectively as d shaft current Feedback value id, q shaft current value of feedback iq, 0 shaft current value of feedback i0
(3-3) is by armature supply given value is* with motor speed value of feedback ωeIt is sent into distributing switch, the electric current distribution Device determines d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value i according to step (2)d*、iq*、i0*。
(3-4) by d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value respectively in step (3-2) d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current feedback After being worth relatively, d shaft current deviation Δ i is obtainedd, q shaft current deviation Δ iq, 0 shaft current deviation Δ i0, it is respectively fed to d axis, q axis, 0 Shaft current adjuster obtains d axis, q axis, 0 axis given voltage ud*、uq*、u0*, made by adjusting d axis, q axis, 0 axis given voltage Obtain Δ id、Δiq、Δi0It is always zero, i.e., to id*、iq*、i0* no error following is carried out.
(3-5) is by ud*、uq* with θeIt is sent into the first given voltage phase shift block, defines ud* with uq* the voltage vector synthesized is us*, by us* it is decomposed into phase under synchronous rotating frame and lags behind us* 30 degree, size areVoltage vector u againα1*、 uβ1*;Meanwhile ud*、uq* with θeIt is also fed into the second given voltage phase shift block, by us* it is decomposed into phase under synchronous rotating frame Lag behind us* 150 degree, size areVoltage vector u againα2*、uβ2*。
(3-6) is by uα1*、uβ1*、u0* it inputs the first pulse width modulator, carries out space vector pulse width modulation, generate the respectively A1, B1, C1 phase pwm signal PWM1-PWM6 of one current transformer;U simultaneouslyα2*、uβ2*、u0* the second pulse width modulator is inputted, is carried out empty Between Vector Pulse Width Modulation, generate A2, B2, C2 phase pwm signal PWM7-PWM12 of the second current transformer respectively;First current transformer A phase, B phase, C phase end voltage u is exported respectivelya1、ub1、uc1;Second current transformer exports A phase, B phase, C phase end voltage u respectivelya2、 ub2、uc2.The output voltage collective effect of two current transformers is in the A phase, B phase, C phase winding both ends of direct current biasing type motor, driving Motor stabilizing operation.
PWM1-PWM6 is sent into the first current transformer by (3-7), while PWM7-PWM12 is sent into the second current transformer, pulse width Modulated signal drives current transformer to generate output voltage, acts on direct current biasing main track current motor phase winding, generation corresponds to Input the sinusoidal current signal with direct current biasing of pwm signal, it is final realize d shaft current, q shaft current, the indifference of 0 shaft current with Track.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect Fruit:
The maximum torque per ampere control method of existing direct current biasing type motor there are shortcomings, one of them be exactly with The increase of load, motor power factor reducing, the power factor control method provided through the invention, so that direct current biasing The size no matter type motor loads, moderate holding power factor is 1, and exports maximum torque.So that the power of inverter It is fully used, while improving the power transmission efficiency of power grid, be suitable for direct current biasing type motor in high power work occasion Application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the power factor control method flow chart of direct current biasing type motor provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of direct current biasing type motor;
Fig. 3 is phase current waveform when direct current biasing type motor operates normally;
Fig. 4 is power factor controlling system block diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the three dimensional vector diagram of direct current biasing type sinusoidal current motor.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 is the power factor control method flow chart of direct current biasing type motor provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, packet Include following steps:
(1) it determines under the premise of meeting the power factor of motor is 1, between d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current The relational expression for needing to meet;
(2) under the premise of d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current meet above-mentioned relation formula, calculating enables to defeated D shaft current value, q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value when motor torque maximum out;
(3) using the d shaft current value being calculated in step (2), q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value as d axis The given value of current value of given value of current value, the given value of current value of q axis and 0 axis, and motor is inputted as d shaft current value, q shaft current The target value of value and 0 shaft current value carries out no error following.
As shown in Fig. 2, direct current biasing type motor includes stator 10, rotor 20 and winding 30 and shaft, casing, end Other universal architecture parts of the motors such as lid, position coder.The motor uses concentratred winding, and the current waveform in every phase winding is such as Shown in Fig. 3.The phase current waveform of this motor includes simple alternating current component and DC component, and simple alternating current component is for generating rotation Turn magnetic potential, DC component is for generating rotating excitation field.
Direct current biasing type motor power factor control method block diagram provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 4.The control method packet Include speed regulator 1, distributing switch 2, d shaft current adjuster 3a, q shaft current adjuster 3b, 0 shaft current adjuster 3c, One given voltage phase shift block 4a, the second given voltage phase shift block 4b, the first pulse-width modulator 5a, the second pulse-width modulator 5b, the first current transformer 6a, the second current transformer 6b, direct current biasing sinusoidal current motor 7, velocity sensor 8 and rotational coordinates become Block 9 is changed the mold, pulse-width modulator 1 indicates that the first pulse-width modulator, pulse-width modulator 2 indicate the second pulse-width modulator.
Specifically includes the following steps:
(3-1) is by motor speed given value ωe* with motor speed value of feedback ωeDifference DELTA ωrIt is sent into speed regulator 1,1 output armature current given value i of speed regulators*, by adjusting is*, so that ωe* with ωeDifference be always zero, i.e., ωeAlways ω is followede* variation and change.
(3-2) is by motor rotor position signal θeAnd A, B, C phase current signal ia、ib、icIt is sent into the rotational coordinates Conversion module 9 obtains d, q, 0 axis DC current signal by rotating coordinate transformation module 9, and feeds back respectively as d shaft current Value id, q shaft current value of feedback iq, 0 shaft current value of feedback i0
(3-3) armature supply given value is* with motor speed value of feedback ωeIt is sent into distributing switch 2, the electric current distribution D shaft current given value i is obtained by calculation according to unity power factor control principle in deviced*, q shaft current given value iq*, 0 axis electricity Flow given value i0* as the control amount of mixed excitation electric machine, direct current biasing sinusoidal current motor is controlled.
The power factor controlling principle of lower surface analysis direct current biasing type motor, when negligible resistance pressure drop, direct current biasing type electricity Steady state voltage equation of the machine in dq0 synchronous rotating frame are as follows:
Wherein, ud、uq、u0Respectively d axis, q axis, 0 shaft voltage;id、iq、i0Respectively d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current;LsFor electricity The phase inductance of machine, L0For zero axle inductance;ωeFor angular rate;
The three dimensional vector diagram of direct current biasing type sinusoidal current motor is as shown in Figure 5, wherein orthogonal d axis, q axis are rotation Coordinate system, orthogonal α axis, β axis are rest frame.usFor udWith uqSynthesized voltage vector, i.e., motor space voltage arrow Amount;usFor idWith iqResultant current vector, i.e. the Space current vector of motor;For usAnd isBetween angle, i.e. motor Power-factor angle.In order to make the power factor of motor remain 1, i.e.,ThenCurrent phasor and voltage are sweared at this time Amount is overlapped, and is had:
It is obtained by above formula:
Ls(id 2+iq 2)=L0i0iq
When motor stabilizing is run, electric machine phase current given value is *With electric machine phase current virtual value isIt is essentially equal, and motor Phase current virtual value can indicate are as follows:
The electromagnetic torque T of motoreIt can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, npFor the number of pole-pairs of motor.It is 1 in the case where same current effective value, keep power factor, together When export maximum motor torque, obtained by above-mentioned three formulas simultaneous:
T is calculated according to above formulaeD axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value when maximum are as follows:
(3-4) by d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value respectively in step (3-2) d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current feedback After being worth relatively, d shaft current deviation Δ i is obtainedd, q shaft current deviation Δ iq, 0 shaft current deviation Δ i0, it is respectively fed to d axis, q axis, 0 Shaft current adjuster obtains d axis, q axis, 0 axis given voltage ud*、uq*、u0*, made by adjusting d axis, q axis, 0 axis given voltage Obtain Δ id、Δiq、Δi0It is always zero, i.e., to id*、iq*、i0* no error following is carried out.
(3-5) is by ud*、uq* with θeIt is sent into the first given voltage phase shift block 4a, by the voltage under synchronous rotating frame Resolution of vectors is that phase lags behind 30 degree of synthesized voltage vector under synchronous rotating frame, and size is synthesized voltage vectorTimes Voltage vector uα1*、uβ1*;Meanwhile ud*、uq* with θeIt is also fed into the second given voltage phase shift block 4b, by synchronously rotating reference frame Voltage vector under system is decomposed into phase under synchronous rotating frame and lags behind 150 degree of synthesized voltage vector, and size is synthesis electricity Press vectorVoltage vector u againα2*、uβ2*。
(3-6) is by uα1*、uβ1*、u0* the first pulse width modulator 5a is inputted, is carried out space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), point A1, B1, C1 phase pwm signal PWM1-PWM6 of the first current transformer are not generated;U simultaneouslyα2*、uβ2*、u0* the second pulsewidth modulation is inputted Device 5b carries out space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), generates A2, B2, C2 phase pwm signal PWM7- of the second current transformer respectively PWM12。
(7) PWM1-PWM6 is sent into the first current transformer 6a, while PWM7-PWM12 is sent into the second current transformer 6b.Pulse is wide It spends modulated signal driving current transformer and generates output voltage, act on direct current biasing main track current motor phase winding, generate correspondence In the sinusoidal current signal with direct current biasing of input pwm signal, the no error following of d, q, 0 shaft current are finally realized.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor characterized by comprising
(1) it determines under the premise of meeting the power factor of motor is 1, is needed between d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current The relational expression of satisfaction;If the power factor of motor remains 1, current phasor is overlapped with voltage vector at this time, d shaft current, q axis electricity Stream and 0 shaft current meet following relational expression:
Wherein, udAnd uqRespectively d shaft voltage and q shaft voltage;id、iq、i0Respectively d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current;LsFor motor Phase inductance, L0For the zero axle inductance of motor;
It is obtained by above formula: Ls(id 2+iq 2)=L0i0iq
(2) it under the premise of d shaft current, q shaft current and 0 shaft current meet above-mentioned relation formula, calculates and enables to output D shaft current value, q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value when motor torque maximum;
(3) using the d shaft current value being calculated in step (2), q shaft current value and 0 shaft current value as the electric current of d axis The given value of current value of given value, the given value of current value of q axis and 0 axis, and input motor as d shaft current value, q shaft current value with And 0 shaft current value target value, carry out no error following.
2. the power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2) include:
Electric machine phase current virtual value isIt can indicate are as follows:
The electromagnetic torque T of motoreIt can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, npFor the number of pole-pairs of motor, in order to keep power in the case where same d axis, q axis and 0 shaft current virtual value Factor is 1, while exporting maximum motor torque, be can be obtained:
T is calculated according to above formulaeD axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value i when maximumd*、iq*、i0* it is respectively as follows:
Wherein, is *For electric machine phase current given value, when motor stabilizing is run, electric machine phase current given value is *Have with electric machine phase current Valid value isIt is essentially equal.
3. the power factor control method of direct current biasing type motor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (3) include:
(3-1) is by motor speed given value ωe* with motor speed value of feedback ωeDifference DELTA ωrIt is sent into speed regulator, speed Adjuster exports is*, by adjusting is*, so that ωe* with ωeDifference be always zero, i.e. ωeAlways ω is followede* variation and Variation;
(3-2) is by motor rotor position signal θeAnd A, B, C phase current signal ia、ib、icIt is sent into rotating coordinate transformation module, D axis, q axis, 0 axis DC current signal are obtained by rotating coordinate transformation module, and respectively as d shaft current value of feedback id, q axis Current feedback values iq, 0 shaft current value of feedback i0
(3-3) is by is* with motor speed value of feedback ωeIt is sent into distributing switch, the distributing switch determines d according to step (2) Axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value id*、iq*、i0*;
(3-4) by d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current given value respectively in step (3-2) d axis, q axis, 0 shaft current value of feedback ratio After relatively, d shaft current deviation Δ i is obtainedd, q shaft current deviation Δ iq, 0 shaft current deviation Δ i0, it is respectively fed to d axis, q axis, 0 axis electricity Throttle regulator obtains d axis, q axis, 0 axis given voltage ud*、uq*、u0*, make Δ by adjusting d axis, q axis, 0 axis given voltage id、Δiq、Δi0It is always zero, i.e., to id*、iq*、i0* no error following is carried out;
(3-5) is by ud*、uq* with θeIt is sent into the first given voltage phase shift block, defines ud* with uq* the voltage vector synthesized is us*, By us* it is decomposed into phase under synchronous rotating frame and lags behind us* 30 degree, size areVoltage vector u againα1*、 uβ1*;Meanwhile ud*、uq* with θeIt is also fed into the second given voltage phase shift block, by us* it is decomposed into phase under synchronous rotating frame Lag behind us* 150 degree, size areVoltage vector u againα2*、uβ2*;
(3-6) is by uα1*、uβ1*、u0* the first pulse width modulator is inputted, space vector pulse width modulation is carried out, first is generated respectively and becomes Flow A1, B1, C1 phase pwm signal PWM1-PWM6 of device;U simultaneouslyα2*、uβ2*、u0* the second pulse width modulator is inputted, space arrow is carried out Pulsewidth modulation is measured, generates A2, B2, C2 phase pwm signal PWM7-PWM12 of the second current transformer respectively;
PWM1-PWM6 is sent into the first current transformer by (3-7), while PWM7-PWM12 is sent into the second current transformer, pulse width modulation Signal drives current transformer to generate output voltage, acts on direct current biasing main track current motor phase winding, generates and corresponds to input The sinusoidal current signal with direct current biasing of pwm signal, the final no error following for realizing d shaft current, q shaft current, 0 shaft current.
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