CN107834655A - A kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit and implementation method based on multiwinding transformer - Google Patents
A kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit and implementation method based on multiwinding transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107834655A CN107834655A CN201711227658.6A CN201711227658A CN107834655A CN 107834655 A CN107834655 A CN 107834655A CN 201711227658 A CN201711227658 A CN 201711227658A CN 107834655 A CN107834655 A CN 107834655A
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- transformer
- battery
- battery pack
- multiwinding
- equalizing circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit and implementation method based on multiwinding transformer, including multigroup battery pack, microcontroller and multiwinding transformer, wherein, each battery pack includes multiple battery cells, each battery pack is correspondingly arranged on a multiwinding transformer, the vice-side winding of all multiwinding transformers is connected in parallel, and respectively it is connected by diode with corresponding battery pack, connected between the both positive and negative polarity of each battery cell and corresponding Transformer Winding by switching tube, microcontroller controls the conducting and shut-off of each switching tube simultaneously, only need pwm control signal all the way, realize that any batteries monomer is to the automatic of any batteries monomer and simultaneously balanced in multigroup battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit and implementation method based on multiwinding transformer.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is because having the advantages that memory-less effect, energy density are high, monomer voltage is high and security is good, extensively
Apply in electric automobile.In order to meet electric automobile voltage and power grade, it is necessary to by substantial amounts of lithium-ion battery monomer string,
Parallel combination uses.However, due to the difference of manufacturing process and working environment etc., internal resistance and capacity between battery cell
It is not fully consistent.During use, these inconsistencies can be accumulated gradually battery pack, and cause different series-connected cells
Monomer voltage it is unbalanced, may result in certain batteries monomer overcharging or cross put, reduce battery pack active volume and follow
The ring life-span, or even cause the damage of battery pack.Therefore, series battery needs equalizing circuit to come between balancing battery monomer voltage
Inconsistency.
At present, active equalization method is mainly based upon electric capacity, inductance or transformer by energy from the higher battery list of voltage
Body is delivered to the relatively low battery cell of voltage.Wherein, the equalization methods based on transformer have good isolation performance, efficiency high, control
The advantages that system is simply and balancing speed is fast.Chinese invention patent (application number 201210144266.4) proposes a kind of based on symmetrical
The series battery equalizing circuit of multiwinding transformer structure.The equalizing circuit only needs a control signal, you can realizes energy
Amount, to the automatic transmission of the relatively low battery cell of voltage, has from the higher battery cell of voltage and controls simple, equalization efficiency height
The advantages that.But this method needs other degaussing circuit (electric capacity forms LC resonance circuits with magnetizing inductance) to absorb
The energy being stored in when a switch is off with release in transformer.Which results in the inconsistent of Transformer Winding, circuit cost it is high,
Volume is big and the shortcomings of complex designing.And in order to obtain Sofe Switch, the equalizing circuit can only operate in specific switch frequency
Under rate and dutycycle so that it is designed and control becomes complicated.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above problems, it is proposed that a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer
And implementation method, the present invention only need pwm control signal all the way, you can realize in battery pack any batteries monomer to any economize on electricity
Pond monomer it is direct, automatic while balanced, greatly improve equalization efficiency and speed, effectively improve between battery cell not
Uniformity.
On the other hand, the present invention is based on forward conversion, by equalizing circuit, intermodule equalizing circuit and change between battery cell
Depressor degaussing circuit is incorporated into a circuit, greatly reduces circuit volume, cost and complexity.The present invention has balanced effect
Rate is high, balancing speed is fast, small volume, cost is low, reliability is high, be easy to modularization, control is simple and without voltage detecting circuit
The advantages that.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer, including multigroup battery pack, microcontroller and more
Winding transformer, wherein, each battery pack includes multiple battery cells, and each battery pack is correspondingly arranged on a Multiple coil transformation
Device, the vice-side winding of all multiwinding transformers are connected in parallel, and are respectively connected by diode with corresponding battery pack, each
Connected between the both positive and negative polarity of battery cell and corresponding Transformer Winding by switching tube, microcontroller controls each switch simultaneously
The conducting and shut-off of pipe, pwm control signal all the way is only needed, realize in multigroup battery pack any batteries monomer to any batteries
The automatic and equilibrium simultaneously of monomer.
Further, the primary side winding of all multiwinding transformers and vice-side winding have opposite Same Name of Ends.
Further, the switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and each battery cell is connected to the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor
One end of the corresponding winding of transformer is connected to, the other end of winding is connected to the negative pole of battery cell, so as to form electric current
Loop.
Further, the battery cell number per Battery pack group is identical.
A kind of implementation method using the above-mentioned automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer, microcontroller
Pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part send all the way pwm signal control metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-on and turn-off, make its working condition I,
Constantly switched based on forward conversion in state I I or state I II：
State I：Controller controlling switch pipe turns on, and primary side winding is based between forward conversion acquisition battery cell and intermodule
The autobalance of energy, while portion of energy is stored in transformer；
State I I：Controller controlling switch pipe turns off, and the energy being stored in transformer passes through vice-side winding and diode
Feed back in battery pack；
State I II：Switching tube is held off, and noenergy flows in transformer.
A kind of electrokinetic cell, including the above-mentioned automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer.
The present invention operation principle be：
Microcontroller sends pwm signal all the way and controls all metal-oxide-semiconductors, makes its alternation in state I, state I I and shape
State III, energy is realized from the higher battery cell of free voltage to the relatively low battery cell of free voltage based on forward conversion
Direct, automatic transmission, while also obtain transformer demagnetization.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) present invention can realize that any battery cell to the direct equilibrium of any battery cell, greatly carries in battery pack
High equalization efficiency and balancing speed；
(2) without voltage detecting circuit, automatic equalization can be obtained, circuit volume is reduced, reduces use cost；
(3) pwm signal control equalizing circuit all the way is only needed, control is simple, reliability is high；
(4) one batteries monomers only need a metal-oxide-semiconductor, reduce circuit volume；
(5) autodegauss of transformer is obtained, switch stress is significantly reduced, improves the reliability of circuit；
(6) equalizing circuit is easy to modularization, need to only be connected in parallel the vice-side winding of multiwinding transformer, you can realizes
The overall situation of battery pack is balanced, without other outer layer equalizing circuits, reduces circuit volume；
(7) equalizing circuit can be operated in the charging, electric discharge or inactive state of battery pack；
(8) equalizing circuit is applied to the rechargeable power batteries such as lithium ion, ni-mh, plumbic acid, without changing device in circuit
The parameter of part.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for forming the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the application, do not form the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the working condition I of present invention schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the working condition II of present invention schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the working condition III of present invention schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) is the reality of the voltage stress of euqalizing current of the invention, primary voltage of transformer and metal-oxide-semiconductor
Test oscillogram；
Fig. 6 is the balanced lab diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provides further instruction to the application.It is unless another
Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
In the present invention, term as " on ", " under ", "left", "right", "front", "rear", " vertical ", " level ", " side ",
The orientation or position relationship of instructions such as " bottoms " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only to facilitate describing this hair
Bright each part or component structure relation and the relative determined, not refer in particular to either component or element in the present invention, it is impossible to understand
For limitation of the present invention.
In the present invention, term such as " affixed ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and expression can be fixedly connected,
Can also be integrally connected or be detachably connected；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary.For
The related scientific research of this area or technical staff, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be determined as the case may be,
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
As background technology is introduced, there is that the inconsistent of Transformer Winding, circuit cost be high, volume in the prior art
Big and complex designing and equalizing circuit can only operate under specific switching frequency and dutycycle so that it is designed and control becomes
Complicated deficiency is obtained, in order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes a kind of automatic electricity based on multiwinding transformer
Pond equalizing circuit and implementation method, only need pwm control signal all the way, you can realize that any batteries monomer is to arbitrarily in battery pack
Batteries monomer it is direct, automatic while balanced, greatly improve equalization efficiency and speed, effectively improve between battery cell
Inconsistency；This equalizing circuit be based on forward conversion, by equalizing circuit between battery cell, intermodule equalizing circuit and
Transformer degaussing circuit is incorporated into a circuit, greatly reduces circuit volume, cost and complexity.The present invention has equilibrium
Efficiency high, balancing speed are fast, small volume, cost is low, reliability is high, be easy to modularization, control is simple, without voltage detecting circuit
The advantages that.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 1, there is provided it is a kind of based on multiwinding transformer from
Dynamic battery equalizing circuit, including two Battery pack groups, wherein each battery pack has 4 batteries monomers, in addition to microcontroller respectively
Device, two multiwinding transformers and 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors.
By taking 8 batteries monomers as an example, and assume that battery cell voltage meets VB21>VB22>VB23>VB24>VB14>VB13>VB12>
VB11。
A kind of implementation method using the above-mentioned automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) microcontroller pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part send all the way pwm signal control metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting and
Shut-off, there is three working conditions：State I, state I I and state I II；
(2) as shown in Fig. 2 state I：Controller control metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting, primary side winding obtain battery based on forward conversion
Between monomer and intermodule energy autobalance, while portion of energy is stored in transformer, because battery cell voltage meets
VB21>VB22>VB23>VB24>VB14>VB13>VB12>VB11, can be with reasonable assumption, electric current iB14、iB13、iB21、iB22、iB23It is from battery
Transformer Winding corresponding to monomer flow direction, and electric current iB11、iB12、iB24It is to flow to respective battery cell from transformer；Due to every
The number of turn of individual winding is identical, and according to Faraday's law, the winding voltage in transformer is equal, so positive violent change can be based on
Change and realize equilibrium between battery cell；
(3) as shown in figure 3, state I I：Controller control metal-oxide-semiconductor shut-off, the energy being stored in transformer pass through secondary
Winding and diode are fed back in battery pack；
(4) as shown in figure 4, state I II：Metal-oxide-semiconductor is held off, and noenergy flows in transformer.
(5) the continuous progress Jing Guo these three states, based on forward conversion, on the one hand obtain between battery cell and module
Between equilibrium, so as to obtain the equilibrium of whole battery pack；On the other hand autodegauss effect is served to transformer, is reduced out
Close stress, it is not necessary to degaussing circuit in addition, reduce circuit volume.
Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) gives the voltage stress of euqalizing current of the invention, primary voltage of transformer and metal-oxide-semiconductor
Experimental waveform figure.It can be seen that B11Mean charging current be 0.264A, Q11Voltage stress be 14.4V.B21Be averaged and put
Electric current is 0.172A.Diode DS1Maximum stress be 42V.Show that equalizing circuit of the present invention obtains a low switching tube
Voltage stress, it was demonstrated that the validity of autodegauss.
Fig. 6 gives the balanced lab diagram of the present invention.Switching frequency is arranged to 50kHz.Initial voltage is 3.203,
3.171,3.118,2.655,3.228,3.208,3.202 and 3.170V.As can be seen that equalizing circuit of the present invention only needs about
9000s can be achieved with the fully equalize of battery pack, it was demonstrated that effectiveness of the invention.
The preferred embodiment of the application is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the application, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, model not is protected to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer, it is characterized in that：Including multigroup battery pack, microcontroller
Device and multiwinding transformer, wherein, each battery pack includes multiple battery cells, and each battery pack is correspondingly arranged on a Multiple coil
Transformer, the vice-side winding of all multiwinding transformers are connected in parallel, and are respectively connected by diode with corresponding battery pack,
Connected between the both positive and negative polarity of each battery cell and corresponding Transformer Winding by switching tube, microcontroller controls each simultaneously
The conducting and shut-off of switching tube, pwm control signal all the way is only needed, realize in multigroup battery pack any batteries monomer to any section
The automatic and equilibrium simultaneously of battery cell.
2. a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is all
The primary side winding and vice-side winding of multiwinding transformer have opposite Same Name of Ends.
3. a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described
Switching tube is metal-oxide-semiconductor, and each battery cell is connected to the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected to the corresponding winding of transformer
One end, the other end of winding is connected to the negative pole of battery cell, so as to form current loop.
4. a kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Every group
The battery cell number of battery pack is identical.
A kind of 5. automatic battery equalizing circuit based on multiwinding transformer applied as any one of claim 1-4
Implementation method, it is characterized in that：The pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part of microcontroller sends pwm signal control MOS all the way
Pipe turn-on and turn-off, it is set constantly to switch based on forward conversion in working condition I, state I I or state I II：
State I：Controller controlling switch pipe turns on, and primary side winding is based between forward conversion acquisition battery cell and intermodule energy
Autobalance, while portion of energy is stored in transformer；
State I I：Controller controlling switch pipe turns off, and the energy being stored in transformer passes through vice-side winding and diode feedback
Into battery pack；
State I II：Switching tube is held off, and noenergy flows in transformer.
6. a kind of electrokinetic cell, including the automatic electricity based on multiwinding transformer as any one of claim 1-4
Pond equalizing circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711227658.6A CN107834655A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit and implementation method based on multiwinding transformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711227658.6A CN107834655A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of automatic battery equalizing circuit and implementation method based on multiwinding transformer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108565931A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-21 | 厦门芯阳科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer |
| CN110707780A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-17 | 温州大学 | Staggered battery equalization circuit structure based on transformer |
| CN113391550A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-14 | 山东大学 | Multi-agent energy storage battery consistency control method and system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106451686A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-02-22 | 东莞力朗电池科技有限公司 | Battery pack equalization circuit |
| CN106787021A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-31 | 山东大学 | A kind of battery pack balancing device modular system and method based on multiwinding transformer |
| CN107294174A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 西安交通大学 | Equalizing circuit structure and method between a kind of battery cell and battery pack |
-
2017
- 2017-11-29 CN CN201711227658.6A patent/CN107834655A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106451686A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-02-22 | 东莞力朗电池科技有限公司 | Battery pack equalization circuit |
| CN106787021A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-31 | 山东大学 | A kind of battery pack balancing device modular system and method based on multiwinding transformer |
| CN107294174A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 西安交通大学 | Equalizing circuit structure and method between a kind of battery cell and battery pack |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108565931A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-21 | 厦门芯阳科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer |
| CN108565931B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2023-05-23 | 厦门芯阳科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack voltage equalization circuit based on transformer |
| CN110707780A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-17 | 温州大学 | Staggered battery equalization circuit structure based on transformer |
| CN110707780B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-08-23 | 温州大学 | Staggered battery equalization circuit structure based on transformer |
| CN113391550A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-14 | 山东大学 | Multi-agent energy storage battery consistency control method and system |
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