CN107761124B - A kind of preparation method and application carrying silver-colored carbon aerogels - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and application carrying silver-colored carbon aerogels Download PDFInfo
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- CN107761124B CN107761124B CN201710990733.8A CN201710990733A CN107761124B CN 107761124 B CN107761124 B CN 107761124B CN 201710990733 A CN201710990733 A CN 201710990733A CN 107761124 B CN107761124 B CN 107761124B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method and applications for carrying silver-colored carbon aerogels, carry out electro-catalysis reduction to carbon dioxide and generate low calorie fuels CO, belong to the preparation of Environmental electrochemistry material and resource reclaim reutilization technology field.Use the electrode of preparation as cathode in reaction, the carbon dioxide reduction exposed in electrolyte is generated CO under the action of applying electrical potential as anode by platinized platinum.The method have the characteristics that by stable carbon dioxide gas, Efficient Conversion is low calorie fuels under mild conditions, realize the recycling and reusing of GHG carbon dioxide, and the setting of reactor avoids the cost input of subsequent gases separation so that product and raw gas efficiently separate.
Description
Technical field
This application provides a kind of preparation method and applications for carrying silver-colored carbon aerogels, prepare and provide in Environmental electrochemistry material
Source recovery and reuse technology field.Carbon dioxide is as a kind of main greenhouse gases, if can be passed through electrochemical method
Recycling is converted into low-carbon fuel, and not losing is a kind of selection well.This research and utilization carbon aerogels are related to as carbon-based bottom material
To the preparation of cathode electrode material and the load of nano silver particles, so that electrode has certain electro-catalysis to carbon dioxide
Reduction characteristic, and have higher selectivity to product CO.
Background technique
The recycling of carbon dioxide is there are many method, and wherein electrochemical method is a kind of more mild method, it
Carbon dioxide can be catalyzed under normal temperature and pressure, it is low and environmentally friendly to external condition requirement, without secondary pollution.
But if it is intended to the product of electro-catalysis generation and the integration of current Chemical Manufacture are even more ideal, it is necessary to which catalyst is to titanium dioxide
The selectivity of product of carbon electro-catalysis reduction is high, and best product is single.Currently, most Carbon dioxide electrochemical reductions produce
Object is not single, is the mixture of some components, brings great difficulty to subsequent separation.In each metalloid, Ag is to two
The selectivity that carbonoxide electro-catalysis reduction generates CO is higher, and chemical property is stablized, non-hazardous to environment, can be used as catalytic activity
Component.Its reaction mechanism is that the carbon dioxide molecule for dissolving in aqueous solution obtains electronics and is converted into free radical CO2 ·-, it is adsorbed onto
Electrode surface forms ADSORPTION STATECOOH is generated then in conjunction with hydrogen ion, metal Ag can combine closely COOH
And then by the radical reduction, COOH generates the CO of ADSORPTION STATE under the action of hydrogen ion and gained electronics·, and CO·With Ag
The binding force on surface is weaker, so being easily desorbed from metal surface, becomes primary product CO.
Carbon aerogels are a kind of novel light nanometer agraphitic carbon cellulosic materials, and porosity is up to 80%~90%, compares table
Area can achieve 500m2/ g~1000m2/ g, and there is very high conductivity, it is a kind of ideal catalyst carrier.
The present invention passes through sol-gal process first and prepares carbon aerogels, is then loaded metal Ag by reduction of ethylene glycol method
To carbon aerogels, obtain to CO2Load silver carbon aerogels with catalytic activity, as cathode material, in additional power source
Under the action of by carbon dioxide electro-catalysis reduction become CO, and investigated under differential responses parameter generate CO electro catalytic activity.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is mainly for CO2The problems such as electro-catalysis reduction selectivity is lower, and electrode material is short-lived,
Prepare a kind of pair of higher, the cathode electrode material that can be run for a long time, at normal temperatures and pressures to CO of CO selectivity2Into
Row electro-catalysis reduction.This research method is simple and easy to operate, and reaction product is single, to CO2The research of electro-catalysis reduction has important
Meaning.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of preparation method carrying silver-colored carbon aerogels, steps are as follows:
(1) resorcinol and formaldehyde are mixed according to the molar ratio of 1:2, deionized water is added, controls resorcinol and first
The total mass fraction of aldehyde is 30%；Then catalyst n a is added2CO3, the molar ratio of resorcinol and catalyst is 1000:1；It will
Said mixture is stirred at room temperature uniformly, is sufficiently mixed reactant；
(2) above-mentioned mixed liquor is put into closed container and is reacted, under the conditions of being reacted one day, 50 DEG C under the conditions of 25 DEG C
Reaction is reacted three days under the conditions of one day, 90 DEG C, and mixture forms gel；
(3) gel of formation is placed in the acetone soln for the trifluoroacetic acid that percent by volume is 3% one day, carries out solvent
Exchange the alkalinity of simultaneously catalyst neutralisation；Gel is taken out, is placed in acetone soln, replaces acetone per hour for 24 hours, until by gel
In moisture be replaced into acetone；
(4) gel is taken out from acetone soln, is placed in drying 2~3 days in room temperature, obtains organic xerogel；It will dry
Good organic xerogel, which is placed in high temperature process furnances, to be carbonized, and is passed through the N that flow is 200~300mL/min2, successively 300
1h is kept at DEG C, at 600 DEG C 1h is kept, at 900 DEG C keeps 5h, obtains the carbon aerogels that R/C ratio is 1000；
(5) it by carbon aerogels grind into fine powder, is added in excessive ethylene glycol, ultrasonic vibration to uniform, formation suspension；
(6) silver nitrate solid aqueous solution is prepared according to metal Ag/ carbon aerogels mass ratio 1:9,1:4,2:3,3:2 respectively,
It is separately added into excessive ammonia again and is made into silver ammino solution, is added in the suspension that step (5) obtains, stirs and heat, be condensed back to
Stream keeps 1h~2h；It is cooling, filter and wash, be dried in vacuo 8h at 50 DEG C, obtain 10wt%, 20wt%, 40wt% and
60wt% carries silver-colored platinum/carbon aerogel catalyst.
It is dissolved with ethyl alcohol and carries silver-colored platinum/carbon aerogel catalyst, add naphthols, ultrasonic mixing is uniformly coated on carbon paper, drop
Painting amount is to carry in terms of silver-colored platinum/carbon aerogel catalyst, 8mg/cm2, cathode electrode is obtained after drying.
A kind of electrolytic cell system for the highly selective generation CO of carbon dioxide, which is characterized in that with the silver-colored carbon of homemade load
Silica aerogel electrode uses platinized platinum as anode electrode, saturated calomel electrode is as reference electrode, in the item of additional power source as cathode
Under part, persistently expose in electrolyte into CO2。
Cathode material preparation: obtained through the above steps to carry silver-colored carbon silica aerogel electrode, long (L) is 2.6cm, and wide (W) is
1.1cm, sheet.
Anode material: Pt piece, long (L) are 2cm, and wide (W) is 1.5cm.
Reactor: being sticked with by organic glass, using single compartment electrolytic cell, prepares sodium bicarbonate solution as electrolyte.
Reaction starts rear every 30min sampling, is analyzed with gas-chromatography, and 90min is reacted, final to determine produced CO in 90min
Average faradic efficiency, by changing metal silver load capacity in catalyst, additional power source potential, the concentration of electrolyte and reaction just
Beginning pH value finally determines CO2The optimum reaction condition of electro-catalysis reduction.By the optimization to reaction condition, obtain in metal Ag
Load capacity be 20%, externally-applied potential be -1.6V vs SCE, initial pH value 8, concentration of electrolyte be 0.5mol/L when, reaction
Effect is best, and the faradic efficiency of CO reaches as high as 35.1%, and continuous operation catalytic effect after 10h does not obviously drop
It is low.
The calculating of faradic efficiency:
nco=Cco×V(mL)/22400(mL·mol-1)
Wherein, ncoFor the amount (mol) of the substance of generation CO, CCOFor the concentration for being collected into CO in gas, V is to be collected into gas
The volume of body；FECOFor the faradic efficiency of CO, F is Faraday constant, is 96485Cmol-1, i is electric current (A).
Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) raw material for preparing electrode are cheap and easy to get；(2) metal Ag is non-hazardous to environment, and
Finally obtained electrode is selectively good to CO；(3) electrode life is longer, can run continuously for a long time；(4) reactor design is skilful
It is wonderful, it can be effectively by CO2It is separated with product.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electrochemical reaction appts figure.
Fig. 2 is respectively in blank electrolysis liquid and saturation CO2Electrolyte conditions download the cyclic voltammetry curve of silver-colored carbon aerogels
Figure.
Fig. 3 is that the electrode of different silver carrying amounts generates the faradic efficiency variation diagram of CO.
Fig. 4 is that different potentials restore CO to electro-catalysis2Produce the impact effect figure of CO.
Fig. 5 is different pH value to the influence diagram for generating CO faradic efficiency.
Fig. 6 is influence diagram of the concentration of electrolyte to CO faradic efficiency.
In figure: 1CO2Gas cylinder；2 collection airbags；3 platinized platinums；4 aeration heads；5 carry silver-colored carbon silica aerogel electrode；6 upside down funnels；7 electrolysis
Pond；8 DC power supplies；9 reference electrodes.
Specific embodiment
Outstanding feature of the invention and marked improvement are furtherd elucidate below with reference to embodiment, is only that and illustrates this hair
It is bright and be in no way limited to following instance.The present invention, as cathode, studies it to CO using the load silver carbon silica aerogel electrode prepared2
Electro-catalysis reduction effect.
Embodiment 1: silver-colored (20%) platinum/carbon aerogel catalyst is carried respectively in blank electrolysis liquid and saturation CO2Following in electrolyte
Ring volt-ampere curve figure.
Reaction condition: weighing 20mg respectively, and 1mL dehydrated alcohol is added, and 10uL naphthol solution is put into ultrasound point in Ultrasound Instrument
3h is dissipated, is pipetted in the suspended drop-coated to glass-carbon electrode of 5uL with liquid-transfering gun, working electrode is made after dry, with 1cm × 1cm's
Fragmentation is used as to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode forms three-electrode system as reference electrode, prepares the sodium bicarbonate of 0.5mol/L
Solution exposes N respectively2And CO230min, carries out cyclic voltammetry scan respectively in both solution, scanning range -2.0V~0,
Sweep speed is 50mV/s.
As a result as shown in Figure 2: in blank solution, when current potential is between 0~-1.3V vs SCE, cyclic voltammetry curve
Electric current very little is about 0, and in -1.3V vs SCE, electric current increases suddenly, caused by this is evolving hydrogen reaction；And in CO2What is be saturated is molten
In liquid, the take-off potential of electric current is shuffled, and with the increase of current potential, current density is gradually increased, and is begun under same potential
The current density being higher than in blank solution eventually, this is because CO2Electro-catalysis reduction and evolving hydrogen reaction collective effect, illustrate this
Catalyst is to CO2With electro catalytic activity.
Embodiment 2: different metal Ag load capacity (10%, 20%, 40%, 60%) is investigated to generation CO faradic efficiency
It influences.
Reaction condition: preparing the sodium bicarbonate solution of 0.5mol/L, and 180ml is taken to be placed in electrolytic cell reactor, initial pH
Value is 8, and under conditions of reaction potential -1.6V vs SCE, platinized platinum is used as to electrode, saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode,
Investigate influence of the carbon aerogels cathode of different Ag load capacity (10%, 20%, 40%, 60%) to CO faradic efficiency.
As a result as shown in Figure 3: it can be seen from the figure that electro-catalysis restores CO when catalyst silver carrying amount is 10%2It generates
The faradic efficiency of CO is 22%, when silver carrying amount increases to 20, CO2The faradic efficiency for being converted into CO is substantially improved, and is
35.1%.When silver carrying amount is persistently promoted, the faradic efficiency of CO is decreased.This explanation, the best silver carrying amount of catalyst are
20%.
Embodiment 3: silver carrying amount be 20% under conditions of, investigate different externally-applied potentials (- 1.4V, -1.5V, -1.6V, -
1.7V vs SCE) influence to CO faradic efficiency.
Reaction condition: preparing the sodium bicarbonate solution of 0.5mol/L, and 180ml is taken to be placed in electrolytic cell reactor, initial pH
Value is 8, and the carbon aerogels cathode electrode for the use of silver carrying amount being 20%, platinized platinum is used as to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is as reference
Electrode investigates influence of the different concentration of electrolyte to CO faradic efficiency is generated.
As a result as shown in Figure 4: CO is carried out under different current potentials2Electro-catalysis reduction, since -1.4V vs SCE, with
The negative shifting of current potential, the i.e. increase of potential, CO2The faradic efficiency for being converted into CO increases, and reaches most in -1.6V vs SCE
Greatly, i.e., 35.1%.So in the present invention, CO2Electro-catalysis to restore best current potential be -1.6V vs SCE.
Embodiment 4: under conditions of silver carrying amount is 20%, different initial pH value (pH 6,7,8,9,10) is investigated to life
At the influence of the faradic efficiency of CO.
Reaction condition: preparing the sodium bicarbonate solution of 0.5mol/L, uses the sulfuric acid solution of 3mol/L and the hydrogen of 3mol/L
Sodium hydroxide solution adjusts electrolyte ph, takes 180ml electrolyte into electrolytic cell reactor, the carbon gas for the use of silver carrying amount being 20%
Gel cathode electrode, platinized platinum are used as to electrode, and for saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode, reaction potential is -1.6v vs SCE,
Investigate the influence when the initial pH of electrolyte is 6,7,8,9,10, to CO faradic efficiency is generated.
As a result as shown in Figure 5: when the pH of electrolyte changes, the faradic efficiency of CO is equally changed, from
As can be seen that, with the raising of pH, the faradic efficiency of CO increases since pH is 6 in figure, reach most when pH is 8
Greatly, so selecting pH for 8 as reaction condition.
Embodiment 5: under conditions of silver carrying amount is 20%, different concentration of electrolyte (0.2mol/L, 0.3mol/ are investigated
L, 0.4mol/L, 0.5mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.7mol/L) influence to product CO faradic efficiency.
Reaction condition: selecting the carbon silica aerogel electrode that silver carrying amount is 20% as cathode, and platinized platinum is used as to electrode, is saturated sweet
Mercury electrode prepares 0.2mol/L, 0.3mol/L, 0.4mol/L, 0.5mol/L, 0.6mol/L as reference electrode respectively,
The sodium bicarbonate electrolyte of 0.7mol/L, pipettes 180mL into reactor, under -1.6V vs SCE current potential, investigates different electricity
Solve influence of the liquid concentration to CO faradic efficiency.
As a result as shown in Figure 6: it can be seen from the figure that the faradic efficiency of CO is without obvious when concentration of electrolyte is lower
Variation, when concentration of electrolyte reaches 0.5mol/L, the faradic efficiency of CO be increased dramatically, and reach 35.1%, when continuing to increase
When adding concentration of electrolyte, CO2The faradic efficiency for being converted into CO is greatly reduced, so the sodium bicarbonate solution of selection 0.5mol/L
As reaction electrolyte.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method for carrying silver-colored carbon aerogels, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) the molar ratio mixing by resorcinol and formaldehyde according to 1:2, addition deionized water, control resorcinol and formaldehyde
Total mass fraction is 30%；Then catalyst n a is added2CO3, the molar ratio of resorcinol and catalyst is 1000:1；It will be above-mentioned
Mixture is stirred at room temperature uniformly, is sufficiently mixed reactant；
(2) above-mentioned mixed liquor is put into closed container and is reacted, reacted under the conditions of being reacted one day, 50 DEG C under the conditions of 25 DEG C
It is reacted three days under the conditions of one day, 90 DEG C, mixture forms gel；
(3) gel of formation is placed in the acetone soln for the trifluoroacetic acid that percent by volume is 3% one day, carries out exchange of solvent
And the alkalinity of catalyst neutralisation；Gel is taken out, is placed in acetone soln, acetone is replaced per hour for 24 hours, until will be in gel
Moisture is replaced into acetone；
(4) gel is taken out from acetone soln, is placed in drying 2~3 days in room temperature, obtains organic xerogel；It will be dried
Organic xerogel, which is placed in high temperature process furnances, to be carbonized, and is passed through the N that flow is 200~300mL/min2, successively at 300 DEG C
Holding 1h, 1h is kept at 600 DEG C, keeps 5h at 900 DEG C, obtain the carbon aerogels that R/C ratio is 1000；
(5) it by carbon aerogels grind into fine powder, is added in excessive ethylene glycol, ultrasonic vibration to uniform, formation suspension；
(6) silver nitrate solid aqueous solution is prepared according to metal Ag/ carbon aerogels mass ratio 1:9,1:4,2:3,3:2 respectively, then divided
Not Jia Ru excessive ammonia be made into silver ammino solution, be added in the suspension that step (5) obtains, stir and heat, be condensed back protect
Hold 1h~2h；It is cooling, filter and wash, be dried in vacuo 8h at 50 DEG C, obtain 10wt%, 20wt%, 40wt% and
60wt% carries silver-colored platinum/carbon aerogel catalyst.
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| CN111298482B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2021-09-03 | 东台市高科技术创业园有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation device for centrifugal pump |
| CN110170322A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-27 | 天津大学 | A kind of preparation method for the platinum/carbon aerogel catalyst loading atom level noble metal |
| CN112442706B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-02-01 | 四川大学 | Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2Supported gold platinum alloy electrode and preparation method thereof |
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