CN107336798A - The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function - Google Patents
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107336798A CN107336798A CN201710619364.1A CN201710619364A CN107336798A CN 107336798 A CN107336798 A CN 107336798A CN 201710619364 A CN201710619364 A CN 201710619364A CN 107336798 A CN107336798 A CN 107336798A
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002637 fluid replacement therapy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C21/00—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/02—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by ducted hot gas or liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
- B63B2001/387—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes using means for producing a film of air or air bubbles over at least a significant portion of the hull surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/10—Drag reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function, including need solid, porous plate, covering and the fluid pressurization device of drag reduction；Porous panel assembly is on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction so as to which cavity in being formed, porous plate outer wrap have the covering of some nano through holes；Fluid pressurization device connects with hollow cavity；Fluid is injected hollow intracavitary by fluid pressurization device, the fluid for injecting hollow intracavitary flows through porous plate in the presence of pressure difference by middle cavity, some nano through holes of the full covering of filling, fluid retention layer is formed in outer side, the fluid retention layer can therefrom cavity fluid replacement returns to original state under the differential pressure action of the fluid of hollow intracavitary, so as to form the fluid retention layer with self-repair function on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction.Said structure can avoid material from needing the solid surface-attached of drag reduction and reducing the frictional resistance with external fluid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function.
Background technology
The low-surface energy substance and micron and nanometer composite structure of super hydrophobic surface can be such that water is penetrated into being difficult to during solid contact
Among the gap that micro nano structure is formed, so as to form one layer of entrapment layers (" trappedlayerof in the surface of solids
Air " or " plastrons "), and then show super-hydrophobic " lotus leaf effect ".
Goed deep into later with scientific research, retention layer can be extended to fluid from air.Possess the table of liquid holdup layer
" liquid-infused porous surfaces ", liquid holdup layer are referred to as academicly can be described as in face
“lubricatingliquidlayer”." lotus leaf effect " has automatically cleaning, drag reduction this two big characteristic in theory.
Automatically cleaning refers to that liquid can not adhere in ultraphobic surface, and the liquid that solid can be flowed through is taken away.The principle of drag reduction
It is that the air layer being detained is the equal of a layer of air film, greatly reduces the viscous resistance with ultraphobic surface object and external fluid.
But " lotus leaf effect " often disappears under conditions of high hydraulic pressure, low temperature and high humidity, i.e., from Cassie-Baxter
State changes for Wenzel states, so as to limit the application of " lotus leaf effect " in terms of real engineering field.
Too high hydraulic energy makes fluid enter among the space that ultraphobic surface micro nano structure is formed, so that air trapping
Layer disappears.
Under the conditions of low temperature and high humidity, supercooling vapor can enter among the space of micro nano structure, then condense.
When the ice of condensation fills space to a certain extent, " lotus leaf effect " will disappear.
In summary, the main reason for " lotus leaf effect " disappears is that the retention layer of ultraphobic surface is destroyed and can not be extensive
It is multiple.
In order to maintain the performance of ultraphobic surface for a long time, retention layer must have certain recovery capability and resist what is be destroyed
Ability.At present, have can the recovery scheme of ultraphobic surface retention layer have：Electrolysis recovers entrapment layers in water, utilizes hole
The schemes such as effect gasified liquid, injection bubble.But, the limitation of these schemes is bigger, without practicality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function, with
Solves above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art.
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction provided by the invention with retention layer self-repair function, including need drag reduction
Solid, porous plate, covering and fluid pressurization device；
The porous panel assembly on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction so as to cavity in being formed, outside the porous plate
Covering of portion's parcel with some nano through holes；The fluid pressurization device connects with the hollow cavity；
Fluid is injected the hollow intracavitary by the fluid pressurization device, injects the fluid of the hollow intracavitary in pressure difference
The porous plate is flowed through by the middle cavity under effect, some nano through holes of full covering is filled, is formed and flowed in outer side
Body retention layer, the fluid retention layer can therefrom cavity fluid replacement returns to just under the differential pressure action of the fluid of hollow intracavitary
Beginning state, so as to form the fluid retention layer with self-repair function on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction.
Further, the covering is bonded in outside the porous plate.
Further, the covering is aerogel, metal foaming material, anodized metallization plate or organic polymer
Polymeric aerogels film.
Further, the average pore size scope of some nano through holes of the covering is 2nm-20 μm or 10-50nm.
Further, the through-hole rate of the porous plate is not less than 70%.
Further, the voidage of the covering is not less than 80%.
Further, the percent opening of the covering is not less than 60%.
Further, the fluid pressurization device includes pulsometer and gas cylinder, and the gas cylinder passes through the pulsometer and institute
State middle cavity connection.
Further, the fluid pressurization device includes hydraulic pump and fluid box, and the fluid box passes through the hydraulic pump
Connected with the middle cavity.
Further, the covering need to be modified by surface, and the surface energy of covering is less than 72mN/m and is more than at normal temperatures
27mN/m or less than 27mN/m.
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction provided by the invention with retention layer self-repair function, has the following advantages that：
During work, by fluid pressurization device, hollow cavity fluid pressure is improved, fluid enters covering by porous plate,
Some nano through holes of covering are filled, form fluid retention layer in outer side, the fluid retention layer can be in hollow intracavitary
Fluid differential pressure action under therefrom cavity fluid replacement return to original state, so as on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction
Form the fluid retention layer with self-repair function.
The structure can be in the recovery under the conditions of high gas pressure, high fluid pressure, low temperature and high humidity or holding fluid retention layer
Integrality, so as to avoid material needing the solid surface-attached of drag reduction and reduce with the frictional resistance of external fluid, can be wide
General to be used for the underwater drag reduction of ship naval vessels, the aerial drag reduction of aircraft, aircraft surface dredges ice.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in embodiment or description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid
Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the embodiment of the present invention two provides
Structural representation.
Reference：1- needs the solid of drag reduction；2- porous plates；3- coverings；4- fluid pressurization devices；Cavity in 5-；6-
Fluid retention layer；41- hydraulic pumps；42- fluid boxes；43- pulsometers；44- gas cylinders.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, merely to
Be easy to the description present invention and simplify description, rather than instruction or imply signified device or element must have specific orientation,
With specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" the 3rd " is only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
Embodiment one：
Fig. 1 is the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
Structural representation；As shown in figure 1, the super thin antifouling top layer knot of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the present embodiment one provides
Structure, including need solid 1, porous plate 2, covering 3 and the fluid pressurization device 4 of drag reduction；
The device of porous plate 2 in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction so as to cavity 5 in being formed, it is described porous
The outer wrap of plate 2 has the covering 3 of some nano through holes；The fluid pressurization device 4 connects with the middle body of cavity 5；
The fluid pressurization device 4 injects fluid in the middle cavity 5, and the fluid injected in the middle cavity 5 is being pressed
The porous plate 2 is flowed through by the middle cavity 5 in the presence of difference, some nano through holes of full covering 3 are filled, outside covering 3
Side forms fluid retention layer 6, and the fluid retention layer 6 can therefrom cavity 5 supplements under the differential pressure action of the fluid in middle cavity 5
Fluid returns to original state, so as to form the fluid with self-repair function in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction
Retention layer 6.
The thickness of fluid retention layer 6 is about the surface roughness of covering 3 and nm average pore diameter sum.
Preferably, the fluid pressurization device 4 includes hydraulic pump 41 and fluid box 42, and the fluid box 42 passes through the liquid
Press pump 41 is connected with the middle cavity 5, and heptane is full of in fluid box 42.
It should be noted that it is only intended in fluid box 42 full of heptane for example, can also be full of it in fluid box 42
Its liquid, is not just repeated one by one herein.
Preferably, the covering 3 is bonded in outside the porous plate 2 by glue.
Preferably, the covering 3 is aerogel, metal foaming material, anodized metallization plate or organic polymer
Polymeric aerogels film.
Preferably, the pressure in the middle cavity 5 according to the external world regulation be not all adjustable setting.
Preferably, the covering 3 need to be modified by surface, and the surface energy of covering 3 is less than 72mN/m and is more than at normal temperatures
27mN/m or less than 27mN/m.
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the present embodiment one provides, have following excellent
Point：
During work, during the heptane in fluid box 42 is entered by hydraulic pump 41 in cavity 5 so that the pressure in middle cavity 5
Not less than ambient exterior atmospheric pressure, for the heptane in cavity 5 in the presence of pressure difference, heptane enters covering by porous plate 2
3, heptane fills some nano through holes of covering 3, and fluid retention layer 6 is formed in the outside of covering 3.When fluid retention layer 6 due to
The influence of external environment and when being damaged, such as heptane in the micro nano structure of covering 3 washed away by ambient atmos or liquid or
Pollutant is attached on fluid retention layer 6, and the fluid retention layer 6 can be under the differential pressure action of the heptane in middle cavity 5 therefrom
Cavity 5 supplements heptane and returns to original state, that is, supplements the heptane taken away by gas, liquid or contaminated thing, so as to need
The outer side surface of solid 1 of drag reduction forms the fluid retention layer 6 with self-repair function.
The structure can be in the recovery under the conditions of high gas pressure, high fluid pressure, low temperature and high humidity or holding fluid retention layer 6
Integrality, so as to avoid material needing the surface attachment of solid 1 of drag reduction and reduce with the frictional resistance of external fluid, can be wide
General to be used for the underwater drag reduction of ship naval vessels, the aerial drag reduction of aircraft, aircraft surface dredges ice.
Embodiment two：
Fig. 2 is the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the embodiment of the present invention two provides
Structural representation；As shown in Fig. 2 the super thin antifouling top layer knot of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the present embodiment two provides
Structure, including need solid 1, porous plate 2, covering 3 and the fluid pressurization device 4 of drag reduction；
The device of porous plate 2 in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction so as to cavity 5 in being formed, it is described porous
The outer wrap of plate 2 has the covering 3 of some nano through holes；The fluid pressurization device 4 connects with the middle body of cavity 5；
The fluid pressurization device 4 injects fluid in the middle cavity 5, and the fluid injected in the middle cavity 5 is being pressed
The porous plate 2 is flowed through by the middle cavity 5 in the presence of difference, some nano through holes of full covering 3 are filled, outside covering 3
Side forms fluid retention layer 6, and the fluid retention layer 6 can therefrom cavity 5 supplements under the differential pressure action of the fluid in middle cavity 5
Fluid returns to original state, so as to form the fluid with self-repair function in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction
Retention layer 6.
The thickness of fluid retention layer 6 is about the surface roughness of covering 3 and nm average pore diameter sum.
Preferably, the fluid pressurization device 4 includes pulsometer 43 and gas cylinder 44, and the gas cylinder 44 passes through the pulsometer
43 are connected with the middle cavity 5, and air is full of in gas cylinder 44.
It should be noted that it is only intended in gas cylinder 44 full of air for example, can also be full of other gas in gas cylinder 44
Body, just do not repeat one by one herein.
Preferably, the covering 3 is bonded in outside the porous plate 2 by glue.
Preferably, the covering 3 is aerogel, metal foaming material, anodized metallization plate or organic polymer
Polymeric aerogels film.
Preferably, the pressure in the middle cavity 5 according to the external world regulation be not all adjustable setting.
Preferably, the covering 3 need to be modified by surface, and the surface energy of covering 3 is less than 72mN/m and is more than at normal temperatures
27mN/m or less than 27mN/m.
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the present embodiment two provides, have following excellent
Point：
During work, cavity 5 during the air in gas cylinder 44 is entered by pulsometer 43 so that the pressure in middle cavity 5 is not small
In ambient exterior atmospheric pressure, for the air in cavity 5 in the presence of pressure difference, air enters covering 3 by porous plate 2, empty
Gas fills some nano through holes of covering 3, and fluid retention layer 6 is formed in the outside of covering 3.When fluid retention layer 6 is due to the external world
The influence of environment and when being damaged, such as air in the micro nano structure of covering 3 is washed away or polluted by ambient atmos or liquid
Thing is attached on fluid retention layer 6, the fluid retention layer 6 can under the differential pressure action of the air in middle cavity 5 therefrom cavity 5
Supplement air returns to original state, that is, supplements the air taken away by gas, liquid or contaminated thing, so as to need drag reduction
The outer side surface of solid 1 forms the fluid retention layer 6 with self-repair function.
The structure can be in the recovery under the conditions of high gas pressure, high fluid pressure, low temperature and high humidity or holding fluid retention layer 6
Integrality, so as to avoid material needing the surface attachment of solid 1 of drag reduction and reduce with the frictional resistance of external fluid, can be wide
General to be used for the underwater drag reduction of ship naval vessels, the aerial drag reduction of aircraft, aircraft surface dredges ice.
Embodiment three：
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the present embodiment three provides, is to embodiment
The further improvement of the one super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function provided, in the base of embodiment one
On plinth, the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function of the offer of the present embodiment three, including need drag reduction
Solid 1, porous plate 2, covering 3 and fluid pressurization device 4；
The device of porous plate 2 in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction so as to cavity 5 in being formed, it is described porous
The outer wrap of plate 2 has the covering 3 of some nano through holes；The fluid pressurization device 4 connects with the middle body of cavity 5；
The fluid pressurization device 4 injects fluid in the middle cavity 5, and the fluid injected in the middle cavity 5 is being pressed
The porous plate 2 is flowed through by the middle cavity 5 in the presence of difference, some nano through holes of full covering 3 are filled, outside covering 3
Side forms fluid retention layer 6, and the fluid retention layer 6 can therefrom cavity 5 supplements under the differential pressure action of the fluid in middle cavity 5
Fluid returns to original state, so as to form the fluid with self-repair function in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction
Retention layer 6.
The thickness of fluid retention layer 6 is about the surface roughness of covering 3 and nm average pore diameter sum.
Preferably, the fluid pressurization device 4 includes hydraulic pump 41 and fluid box 42, and the fluid box 42 passes through the liquid
Press pump 41 is connected with the middle cavity 5, and heptane is full of in fluid box 42.
It should be noted that it is only intended in fluid box 42 full of heptane for example, can also be full of it in fluid box 42
Its liquid, is not just repeated one by one herein.
Preferably, the covering 3 is bonded in outside the porous plate 2 by glue.
Preferably, the covering 3 is aerogel, metal foaming material, anodized metallization plate or organic polymer
Polymeric aerogels film.
Preferably, the average pore size scope of some nano through holes of the covering 3 is 2nm-20 μm or 10-50nm.
Preferably, the voidage of the covering 3 is not less than 80%, and the percent opening of covering 3 is not less than 60%.
Preferably, the through-hole rate of the porous plate 2 is not less than 70%.
Preferably, the porous plate 2 is rubber slab.
Preferably, the pressure in the middle cavity 5 according to the external world regulation be not all adjustable setting.
Preferably, the covering 3 need to be modified by surface, and the surface energy of covering 3 is less than 72mN/m and is more than at normal temperatures
27mN/m or less than 27mN/m.
Example IV：
The super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function that the present embodiment four provides, is to embodiment
The further improvement of the one super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function provided, in the base of embodiment one
On plinth, the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function of the offer of the present embodiment four, including need drag reduction
Solid 1, porous plate 2, covering 3 and fluid pressurization device 4；
The device of porous plate 2 in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction so as to cavity 5 in being formed, it is described porous
The outer wrap of plate 2 has the covering 3 of some nano through holes；The fluid pressurization device 4 connects with the middle body of cavity 5；
The fluid pressurization device 4 injects fluid in the middle cavity 5, and the fluid injected in the middle cavity 5 is being pressed
The porous plate 2 is flowed through by the middle cavity 5 in the presence of difference, some nano through holes of full covering 3 are filled, outside covering 3
Side forms fluid retention layer 6, and the fluid retention layer 6 can therefrom cavity 5 supplements under the differential pressure action of the fluid in middle cavity 5
Fluid returns to original state, so as to form the fluid with self-repair function in the outer side surface of solid 1 for needing drag reduction
Retention layer 6.
The thickness of fluid retention layer 6 is about the surface roughness of covering 3 and nm average pore diameter sum.
Preferably, the fluid pressurization device 4 includes hydraulic pump 41 and fluid box 42, and the fluid box 42 passes through the liquid
Press pump 41 is connected with the middle cavity 5, and heptane is full of in fluid box 42.
It should be noted that it is only intended in fluid box 42 full of heptane for example, can also be full of it in fluid box 42
Its liquid, is not just repeated one by one herein.
Preferably, the covering 3 is bonded in outside the porous plate 2 by glue.
Preferably, the covering 3 is aerogel, metal foaming material, anodized metallization plate or organic polymer
Polymeric aerogels film.
Preferably, the average pore size scope of some nano through holes of the covering 3 is 2nm-20 μm or 10-50nm.
Preferably, the voidage of the covering 3 is not less than 80%, and the percent opening of covering 3 is not less than 60%.
Preferably, the through-hole rate of the porous plate 2 is not less than 70%.
Preferably, the porous plate 2 is metallic plate.
Preferably, the pressure in the middle cavity 5 according to the external world regulation be not all adjustable setting.
Preferably, the covering 3 need to be modified by surface, and the surface energy of covering 3 is less than 72mN/m and is more than at normal temperatures
27mN/m or less than 27mN/m.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction with retention layer self-repair function, it is characterised in that including needing drag reduction
Solid, porous plate, covering and fluid pressurization device；
The porous panel assembly so as to cavity in being formed, is wrapped outside the porous plate on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction
Wrap up in the covering with some nano through holes；The fluid pressurization device connects with the hollow cavity；
Fluid is injected the hollow intracavitary by the fluid pressurization device, injects effect of the fluid in pressure difference of the hollow intracavitary
Under the porous plate flowed through by the middle cavity, fill some nano through holes of full covering, it is stagnant to form fluid in outer side
Layer is stayed, the fluid retention layer can therefrom cavity fluid replacement returns to initial shape under the differential pressure action of the fluid of hollow intracavitary
State, so as to form the fluid retention layer with self-repair function on the outside of the surface of solids for needing drag reduction.
2. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 1 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the covering is bonded in outside the porous plate.
3. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 1 or 2 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature
It is, the covering is aerogel, metal foaming material, anodized metallization plate or organic high molecular polymer aeroge
Film.
4. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 3 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the average pore size scope of some nano through holes of the covering is 2nm-20 μm or 10-50nm.
5. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 1 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the through-hole rate of the porous plate is not less than 70%.
6. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 3 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the voidage of the covering is not less than 80%.
7. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 3 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the percent opening of the covering is not less than 60%.
8. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 1 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the fluid pressurization device includes pulsometer and gas cylinder, and the gas cylinder is connected by the pulsometer with the middle cavity.
9. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 1 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the fluid pressurization device includes hydraulic pump and fluid box, and the fluid box is connected by the hydraulic pump and the middle cavity
It is logical.
10. the super thin antifouling surface structure of drag reduction according to claim 3 with retention layer self-repair function, its feature exist
In the covering need to be modified by surface, and the surface energy of covering is less than 72mN/m and is more than 27mN/m or is less than at normal temperatures
27mN/m。
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