CN107276199B - Solar charging device and charging method using solar cell - Google Patents

Solar charging device and charging method using solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107276199B
CN107276199B CN201610218010.1A CN201610218010A CN107276199B CN 107276199 B CN107276199 B CN 107276199B CN 201610218010 A CN201610218010 A CN 201610218010A CN 107276199 B CN107276199 B CN 107276199B
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output
converter
direct current
charging
solar cell
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CN107276199A (en
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张久庆
卞建涛
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Shanghai Industrial Utechnology Research Institute
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Shanghai Industrial Utechnology Research Institute
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30Electrical components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The invention provides a solar charging device and a charging method adopting a solar battery. The device includes solar cell panel, the module and the interface that charges of charging, the module that charges includes: the direct current-direct current converter is electrically connected with the solar cell panel and the charging interface and is used for converting direct current voltage output by the solar cell panel into direct current voltage for charging; the quick charging protocol identification module is electrically connected with the charging interface and the DC-DC converter, and is used for identifying a charging instruction from the charging module and sending the charging instruction to the DC-DC converter so as to change the output voltage of the DC-DC converter; and the load adjusting module is electrically connected with the solar cell panel and the direct current-direct current converter, and stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel in a mode of adjusting the equivalent load of the solar cell panel, so that the output efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved.

Description

Solar charging device and charging method using solar cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of circuit design, in particular to a solar charging device and a charging method adopting a solar battery.
Background
The solar charging device in the prior art is implemented by using a solar cell and a constant voltage module, wherein the constant voltage module outputs a fixed voltage, and the common form is an output capacity of 5V/2A. With the rapid development of intelligent terminals, the battery capacity of products such as mobile phones is gradually increased, and related manufacturers propose a rapid charging method for changing output voltage in order to improve the charging speed. The fast charging method requires a higher voltage to be provided at the charging terminal, but there is no solar charging device supporting fast charging in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar charging device supporting quick charging and a charging method adopting a solar battery.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a solar charging device, including a solar cell panel, a charging module and a charging interface, wherein the charging module includes: the direct current-direct current converter is electrically connected with the solar cell panel and the charging interface and is used for converting direct current voltage output by the solar cell panel into direct current voltage for charging; the quick charging protocol identification module is electrically connected with the charging interface and the DC-DC converter, and is used for identifying a charging instruction from the charging module and sending the charging instruction to the DC-DC converter so as to change the output voltage of the DC-DC converter; and the load adjusting module is electrically connected with the solar cell panel and the direct current-direct current converter, and stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel in a mode of adjusting the equivalent load of the solar cell panel, so that the output efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved.
Optionally, the rapid charging protocol identification module includes: the protocol analysis unit is electrically connected with the charging interface and is used for analyzing the charging instruction received through the charging interface; and the instruction sending unit is electrically connected with the protocol analysis unit and the DC-DC converter and used for sending an output control instruction to the DC-DC converter according to the result obtained by the analysis of the protocol analysis unit and controlling the DC-DC converter to output corresponding DC voltage.
Optionally, the instruction sending unit includes: the first end of the pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the output end of the direct current-direct current converter, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the control end of the direct current-direct current converter; the first end of each pull-down resistor is electrically connected with the control end of the DC-DC converter, the second end of each pull-down resistor is grounded through a voltage control switch, and the control end of the voltage control switch is electrically connected with the protocol analysis unit.
Optionally, the load regulation module stabilizes the output power of the solar panel by regulating the average power of the dc-dc converter, and the load regulation module includes: the first end of the pulse regulating switch is electrically connected with the output end of the DC-DC converter, and the second end of the pulse regulating switch is electrically connected with the charging interface; and the pulse width modulator is electrically connected with the control end of the pulse adjusting switch, controls the switch of the pulse adjusting switch by changing output pulses, further changes the average power of the direct current-direct current converter, and is also electrically connected with the solar panel so as to sample output current and voltage signals of the solar panel and adjust the output pulses of the pulse width modulator.
Optionally, the load regulation module stabilizes the output power of the solar panel by clamping the output voltage of the solar panel, and the load regulation module includes: the energy storage unit is electrically connected with the solar cell panel; the first end of the charge-discharge control switch is electrically connected with the energy storage unit, and the second end of the charge-discharge control switch is electrically connected with the solar cell panel through a reverse protection diode; and the voltage monitoring unit is electrically connected with the control end of the charge and discharge control switch and the energy storage unit and is used for controlling the on-off of the charge and discharge control switch according to the output voltage value of the energy storage unit.
The invention also provides a charging method adopting the solar battery, which comprises the following steps: providing a solar cell panel; a direct current-direct current converter is adopted to convert the direct current voltage output by the solar panel into direct current voltage for charging; changing the voltage value output by the DC-DC converter according to the instruction of the charged equipment; the output power of the solar cell panel is stabilized by adjusting the equivalent load of the solar cell panel, so that the output efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved, and the charging speed is further improved. .
Optionally, the step of stabilizing the output power of the solar panel is further to stabilize the output power of the solar panel by adjusting the average power of the dc-dc converter, and includes: the average power of the DC-DC converter is adjusted by adopting a pulse width modulator to adjust the output duty ratio of the DC-DC converter.
Optionally, the step of stabilizing the output power of the solar panel further stabilizes the output power of the solar panel by clamping the output voltage of the solar panel, and includes: an energy storage unit is connected with the solar cell panel in parallel, so that the output voltage of the solar cell panel is kept stable.
The invention has the advantage that the output power of the solar panel can be stabilized by adjusting the equivalent load of the solar panel, including but not limited to adjusting the average power of the DC-DC converter and clamping the output voltage of the solar panel, no matter whether the charged terminal requires the fast-flushing mode to be turned on or not. Through the adjusting mode, the output of the solar cell panel can be stabilized near the maximum power point, so that the output efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved, and the charging speed is further improved.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of the solar charging device of the present invention,
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the solar charging device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the solar charging device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation steps of an embodiment of the charging method using a solar cell according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a solar charging apparatus and a charging method using a solar cell according to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a solar cell panel 11, a charging module 12, and a charging interface 13. After the electric energy output by the solar cell panel 11 is converted by the charging module 12, the electric energy is charged outwards through the charging interface 13. The charged terminal can be a mobile phone or a tablet computer. For a terminal supporting fast charging, the charging interface 13 is required to provide a charging voltage higher than 5V, and usually includes a plurality of specifications of 5V/2A, 9V/1.67A, 12V/1.5A, and the like. This requires the charging module 12 to adjust to the situation.
In the present embodiment, in order to implement the above regulation function, the charging module 12 includes a dc-dc converter 121, a fast charging protocol identification module 122, and a load regulation module 123.
The dc-dc converter 121 is electrically connected to the solar cell panel 11 and the charging interface 13, and is configured to convert a dc voltage output by the solar cell panel 11 into a dc voltage for charging. The fast charging protocol identification module 122 is electrically connected to the charging interface 13 and the dc-dc converter 121, and is configured to identify a charging command from the charging module 122 and send the charging command to the dc-dc converter 121 to change an output voltage of the dc-dc converter 121. If the charged terminal needs to be charged quickly, a command for initiating quick charging is sent to the charging interface 13. The fast charge protocol identification module 122 can identify the command and send it to the dc-dc converter 121 to drive it to change the output voltage. Generally comprises a plurality of modes such as 5V/2A, 9V/1.67A, 12V/1.5A and the like. When the output voltage is changed, the output power of the dc-dc converter 121 changes, which causes the output power of the solar cell panel 11 to change. However, the solar cell panel 11 is affected by the characteristics of the solar cell, and the output power has a maximum power point, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is maximum only at the power point. If the output of the dc-dc converter 121 is changed, the output power of the solar cell panel 11 is obviously changed without an auxiliary adjusting means, which may reduce the output efficiency of the solar cell. In the present embodiment, a load adjusting module 123 is electrically connected to the solar cell panel 11 and the dc-dc converter 121. The load adjusting module 123 functions to adjust an equivalent load of the solar cell panel 11. The output power of the solar cell panel 11 is stabilized at the maximum power point by adjusting the equivalent load, so that the output efficiency of the solar cell panel 11 is improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the solar charging device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the rapid charging protocol recognition module 122 further includes a protocol parsing unit 230 and an instruction sending unit 240. The protocol analysis unit 230 is electrically connected to the charging interface 13, and is configured to analyze the charging command received through the charging interface 13. The charging command may be a standard charging protocol command, such as QC2.0 for high-throughput, or may be a manufacturer-defined command set. The protocol parsing unit 230 transmits the parsing result to the instruction transmitting unit 240 according to a preset algorithm. The command sending unit 240 is electrically connected to the protocol analyzing unit 230 and the dc-dc converter 121. After receiving the result sent by the protocol analysis unit 230, the command sending unit 240 sends an output control command to the dc-dc converter 121, and controls the dc-dc converter 121 to output a corresponding dc voltage.
In this embodiment, the charging interface 13 includes a high level output terminal V +, a low level output terminal V-, a boost terminal D +, and a buck terminal D-. The protocol analyzing unit 230 analyzes the result according to the signals of the voltage boosting terminal D + and the voltage dropping terminal D-and transmits the result to the output terminal. The output end of the protocol analysis unit 230 includes a plurality of pins, and each pin selects to output a high level or a low level according to a charging instruction issued by the charging interface 13. The command issue unit 240 includes a pull-up resistor R1 and a plurality of pull-down resistors, in this embodiment, pull-down resistors R2 and R3, and the command issue unit 240 further includes a matching resistor R4. A first end of the pull-up resistor R1 is electrically connected to the output end of the dc-dc converter 121, and a second end is electrically connected to the control end Vf of the dc-dc converter 121; a first end of the matching resistor R4 is electrically connected to the control end Vf of the dc-dc converter 121, and a second end is grounded. A first end of each of the pull-down resistors R2 and R3 is electrically connected to the control end Vf of the dc-dc converter 121, and a second end of each of the pull-down resistors R2 and R3 is grounded through the voltage control switches K2 and K3. The control terminals of the voltage control switches K2 and K3 are electrically connected to the protocol parsing unit 230, specifically, each switch is electrically connected to a pin of an output terminal of the protocol parsing unit 230. The voltage control switches K2 and K3 select switch states according to the pin level of the output terminal of the transistor unit 230, so that the pull-down resistors R2 and R3 are connected into the network of pull-down resistors to control the level of the control terminal Vf of the dc-dc converter 121. The matching resistor R4 is an optional component for adjusting the maximum level of the control terminal Vf.
In this embodiment, the number of the output pins of the protocol parsing unit 230 is two, and the number of the corresponding pull-down resistors and the corresponding voltage control switches are also two, so that if the number of the output pins of the protocol parsing unit 230 is increased, the output modes of more gears can be controlled, and the number of the corresponding pull-down resistors and the number of the corresponding voltage control switches should be increased to the same number.
In this embodiment, the load adjusting module 123 stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel 11 by adjusting the average power of the dc-dc converter 121. The load regulation module 123 includes a pulse regulation switch 250 and a pulse width modulator 260. A first end of the pulse adjusting switch 250 is electrically connected to the output end of the dc-dc converter 121, and a second end is electrically connected to the charging interface 13; the pulse width modulator 260 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the pulse adjusting switch 250. The pulse width modulator 260 outputs a pulse signal, the control terminal of the pulse adjusting switch 250 performs a switching operation according to the level of the pulse signal, and the output of the dc-dc converter 121 is 0 in the off state of the pulse adjusting switch 250, so that the average power of the dc-dc converter 121 can be changed by controlling the switching of the pulse adjusting switch 250. The pulse width modulator 260 is further electrically connected to the solar panel 11 to sample the output current and voltage signals of the solar panel 11 and adjust the output pulse of the pulse width modulator 260 accordingly. The adjusting of the output pulse specifically includes adjusting the frequency and duty cycle of the output pulse, and the output duty cycle of the dc-dc converter 121 can be changed by adjusting the output pulse, so as to change the average output and input power of the dc-dc converter 121. The input power of the dc-dc converter 121 is provided by the solar cell panel 11, so that changing the input power directly changes the output current and voltage of the solar cell panel 11. By the adjusting means, the output current and the voltage signal of the solar cell panel 11 are stabilized at the maximum power point, and the purpose of improving the output efficiency of the solar cell panel 11 is achieved.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the solar charging device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the structure of the rapid charging protocol identification module 122 is the same as that of the previous embodiment. However, the load adjusting module 123 stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel 11 by clamping the output voltage of the solar cell panel 11, and the load adjusting module 123 includes an energy storage unit 370, a charge/discharge control switch 380, and a voltage monitoring unit 390. The energy storage unit 370 is electrically connected to the solar cell panel 11. The first end of the charge and discharge control switch 380 is electrically connected to the energy storage unit 370, and the second end is electrically connected to the solar cell panel 11 through a reverse protection diode 381. The voltage monitoring unit 390 is electrically connected to the control end of the charge and discharge control switch 380 and the energy storage unit 370, and is configured to control the on/off of the charge and discharge control switch 380 according to the output voltage value of the energy storage unit 370. The energy storage unit 370 may be a rechargeable lithium battery or a super capacitor. The voltage across the energy storage unit 370 is fixed, and the voltage across the solar panel 11 is clamped to the voltage across the energy storage unit 370 minus the voltage drop of the reverse protection diode 381 and the internal resistance voltage drop of the solar panel 11. In the loop of the energy storage unit 370, the protection diode 381, and the solar cell panel 11, the current flowing through the solar cell panel 11 is also stable. The current can be adjusted by adjusting the number of cells connected in series in the solar cell panel 11. Therefore, the above structure can realize that both the current and the voltage of the solar cell panel 11 are stable. By adjusting the series number of the cells in the solar cell panel 11, the output voltage of the energy storage unit 370 and other parameters, the output current and the voltage signal of the solar cell panel 11 can be stabilized at the maximum power point, and the purpose of improving the output efficiency of the solar cell panel 11 is achieved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation steps of an embodiment of the charging method using a solar cell according to the present invention. The method comprises the following steps: step S40, providing a solar panel; step S41, a DC-DC converter is adopted to convert the DC voltage output by the solar panel into the DC voltage for charging; step S42, changing the voltage value output by the DC-DC converter according to the instruction of the charged device; step S43, stabilizing the output power of the solar cell panel by adjusting the equivalent load of the solar cell panel, thereby improving the output efficiency of the solar cell panel.
In step S43, stabilizing the output power of the solar panel by adjusting the average power of the dc-dc converter may be performed, including the following steps: the average power of the DC-DC converter is adjusted by adopting a pulse width modulator to adjust the output duty ratio of the DC-DC converter.
In step S43, stabilizing the output power of the solar panel by clamping the output voltage of the solar panel may be performed, including the following steps: an energy storage unit is connected with the solar cell panel in parallel, so that the output voltage of the solar cell panel is kept stable.
By adopting the method, the output current and the voltage signal of the solar cell panel are stabilized at the maximum power point, and the purpose of improving the output efficiency of the solar cell panel is achieved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a solar charging device, includes solar cell panel, the module and the interface that charges that charge, its characterized in that, the electrical parameter that the interface that charges provided is, 5V/2A, 9V/1.67A, 12V/1.5A, the module that charges includes: the direct current-direct current converter is electrically connected with the solar cell panel and the charging interface and is used for converting direct current voltage output by the solar cell panel into direct current voltage for charging; the quick charging protocol identification module is electrically connected with the charging interface and the direct current-direct current converter, and is used for identifying a charging instruction from the charging module and sending the charging instruction to the direct current-direct current converter to change the output voltage of the direct current-direct current converter, wherein the output electrical parameters of the direct current-direct current converter are 5V/2A, 9V/1.67A and 12V/1.5A; the load adjusting module is electrically connected with the solar cell panel and the direct current-direct current converter, and stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel in a mode of adjusting the equivalent load of the solar cell panel, so that the output efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved; wherein the load regulation module stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel by regulating the average power of the dc-dc converter, the load regulation module comprising: the first end of the pulse regulating switch is electrically connected with the output end of the DC-DC converter, and the second end of the pulse regulating switch is electrically connected with the charging interface; the pulse width modulator is electrically connected with the control end of the pulse regulation switch, controls the switch of the pulse regulation switch by changing output pulses so as to change the average power of the direct current-direct current converter, is also electrically connected with the solar panel so as to sample output current and voltage signals of the solar panel, regulates the output pulses of the pulse width modulator according to the output current and the voltage signals, and regulates the output pulses including the frequency and the duty ratio of the output pulses; or
The load regulation module stabilizes the output power of the solar cell panel by clamping the output voltage of the solar cell panel, and comprises: the energy storage unit is electrically connected with the solar cell panel; the first end of the charge-discharge control switch is electrically connected with the energy storage unit, and the second end of the charge-discharge control switch is electrically connected with the solar cell panel through a reverse protection diode; the voltage monitoring unit is electrically connected with the control end of the charge and discharge control switch and the energy storage unit and is used for controlling the on-off of the charge and discharge control switch according to the output voltage value of the energy storage unit;
stabilizing the output current and voltage signals of the solar panel at a maximum power point by adjusting the serial number of the cells in the solar panel and the output voltage of the energy storage unit, wherein the voltage at two ends of the solar panel is clamped between the voltage at two ends of the energy storage unit minus the voltage drop of the reverse protection diode and the internal resistance voltage drop of the solar panel;
the quick charge protocol identification module comprises:
the protocol analysis unit is electrically connected with the charging interface and used for analyzing the charging instruction received through the charging interface, the output end of the protocol analysis unit comprises a plurality of pins, and each pin selects to output a high level or a low level according to the charging instruction sent by the charging interface;
the instruction sending unit is electrically connected with the protocol analysis unit and the DC-DC converter and used for sending an output control instruction to the DC-DC converter according to the result obtained by the analysis of the protocol analysis unit and controlling the DC-DC converter to output corresponding DC voltage;
the instruction transmitting unit includes: the first end of the pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the output end of the direct current-direct current converter, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the control end of the direct current-direct current converter; the first end of each pull-down resistor is electrically connected with the control end of the DC-DC converter, the second end of each pull-down resistor is grounded through a voltage control switch, the control end of the voltage control switch is electrically connected with the protocol analysis unit, and the voltage control switch selects a switch state according to the pin level of the output end of the protocol analysis unit, so that the pull-down resistors are connected into a pull-down network to control the level of the control end of the DC-DC converter;
and a first end of the matching resistor is electrically connected with the control end of the DC-DC converter, a second end of the matching resistor is grounded, and the matching resistor is used for adjusting the maximum level of the control end of the DC-DC converter.
2. A charging method using the solar charging device of claim 1, comprising the steps of: providing a solar cell panel; a direct current-direct current converter is adopted to convert the direct current voltage output by the solar panel into direct current voltage for charging; changing the voltage value output by the DC-DC converter according to the instruction of the charged equipment; stabilizing the output power of the solar panel in a mode of adjusting the equivalent load of the solar panel, so as to improve the output efficiency of the solar panel; wherein the step of stabilizing the output power of the solar panel is further to stabilize the output power of the solar panel by adjusting the average power of the dc-dc converter, and comprises: regulating the average power of a DC-DC converter by adopting a pulse width modulator to regulate the output duty ratio of the DC-DC converter; or the step of stabilizing the output power of the solar panel is further to stabilize the output power of the solar panel by clamping the output voltage of the solar panel, and the step of stabilizing the output power of the solar panel comprises the following steps: an energy storage unit is connected with the solar cell panel in parallel, so that the output voltage of the solar cell panel is kept stable.
CN201610218010.1A 2016-04-08 2016-04-08 Solar charging device and charging method using solar cell Active CN107276199B (en)

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CN108258762A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-07-06 深圳还是威健康科技有限公司 A kind of quick-charging circuit and intelligent terminal for pre-installing battery system

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