CN106877336A - A kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness - Google Patents
A kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness Download PDFInfo
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- CN106877336A CN106877336A CN201710150110.XA CN201710150110A CN106877336A CN 106877336 A CN106877336 A CN 106877336A CN 201710150110 A CN201710150110 A CN 201710150110A CN 106877336 A CN106877336 A CN 106877336A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness, for the static electric voltage stability computational problem containing wind power plant hybrid AC/DC power transmission systems, the use monte carlo method fitting of novelty has obtained wind power output and collapse of voltage point load nargin functional relation.According to wind speed weibull distribution functions, wind power output derives the collapse of voltage desired computing formula of point load nargin with power relation and fitting function.Demonstrate the validity of method on an IEEE9 node system for transformation, compare with traditional Monte carlo methods, set forth herein the method degree of accuracy it is higher, speed is faster.Further analyze DC Variable controlling value and wind velocity distributing paremeter parameter k, c values are on the collapse of voltage desired influence of point load nargin, the method easily can also go out force direction load margin to different load and be analyzed, and be conducive to operations staff to adjust the method for operation according to wind speed profile situation reasonable set DC control value at that time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power system safety and stability operation field, a kind of alternating current-direct current mixing for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness is proposed
Transmission system continuous tide (CPF) computational methods.
Background technology
With continuing to develop for HVDC Transmission Technology, alternating current-direct current Power System Interconnection will turn into the fundamental form of China's power network framework
State.Meanwhile, the continuous expansion of wind-powered electricity generation scale so that voltage static stability influence of the stochastic uncertainty of wind-powered electricity generation on power network is got over
Come bigger.The influence of direct current transportation and wind power integration to the voltage nature static of power system causes extensive concern.
Continuation Method can easily ask for system PV curves, and " prenasale " of PV curves is exactly the collapse of system voltage
Point, thus can try to achieve power transmitting capability or judge system voltage stability margin.Document《AC/DC interconnected system node PV curves
Ask for》Describe the process that AC and DC power system PV curves are asked for based on iteration method continuous tide in detail.Document《Contain
Calculated through the available transfer capacity of transmission network of the grid-connected marine wind electric fields of VSC_HVDC》To the ac and dc systemses quiescent voltage containing wind power plant
In the research of stability study, mainly by the deterministic value treatment of wind-powered electricity generation, not considering randomness influences.Document《Large-scale wind power
The region ability to transmit electricity sent outside through direct current is calculated》The randomness of wind-powered electricity generation is analyzed using the method for Monte Carlo methods and cluster
Influence, but may result in some data characteristicses loss.
Aforementioned documents are that ac and dc systemses voltage stability is analyzed based on deterministic scene, when there is wind power integration
During power system, exerting oneself for Wind turbines is random uncertain, and deterministic Voltage stability analysis method cannot be comprehensively anti-
Reflect system running state.For this main innovation point of the invention is exactly while considering the random uncertain of direct current transportation and wind-powered electricity generation
Property on the influence of the voltage static stability of power network, fitted the functional relation of wind power output and load margin, be power system
Stable operation control provides reference.
The content of the invention
In order to take into full account influence of the wind power output stochastic uncertainty to ac and dc systemses stability, novelty of the present invention
By continuous power flow to ac and dc systemses wind-powered electricity generation inject be analyzed with collapse point load margin relation, and using minimum
Square law is fitted out relation curve and function between the two.When system goes out force direction or hvdc control mode changes,
Only control parameter need to be changed re-starts fitting.Based on the method, the collapse point under various wind speed profiles can be rapidly calculated
Load margin probability distribution and desired value.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme：
1st, the model of alternating current-direct current containing wind power plant is set up.Wind speed model and Wind turbines power distribution model are set up respectively, are used
The wind speed in Weibulll distributions approximate simulation somewhere, mechanical energy that Wind turbines are obtained in wind power plant and wind speed cube into just
Than setting up the model of active power that separate unit wind turbine sends and wind speed.
2nd, the power flow equation group containing ginseng of ac and dc systemses containing wind power plant is set up.Solve power system continuous tide (CPF) essence
A series of power flow equation groups containing ginseng are to solve for, the parameter of collapse of voltage point are obtained, so as to obtain system loading nargin and judgement
Static system voltage stability.
3rd, random continuous trend implementation method is formed.Including prediction link, correction link and stochastic variable processing links.For
Solve the problems, such as traditional Monte Carlo method calculate CPF obtain load margin L under different wind speed distribution speed it is slower, the present invention
The improvement based on the special chucking method of tradition illiteracy is proposed, the peak power that first can send wind power plant and minimum power carry out decile
Into M points, one group of collapse point load margin parameter lambda is calculated by CPFSNB, according to λSNBDistribution situation, to PWAnd λSNBCarry out
Least square fitting, obtains matched curve λSNB=g (PW)；Randomness wind power is substituted into equation λSNB=g (PW), can be with
Obtain λSNBDistribution situation, to λSNB=g (PW) derivation, obtains λSNBMaximum and the point wind power.
4th, the validity of verification algorithm.
5th, analysis and Control variable is expected collapse point load margin to influence.Including DC control value to collapse point load margin
Influence to collapse point load margin of influence and wind speed profile.
The present invention is mainly studied the continuous tide computational methods of ac and dc systemses containing wind power plant.Handed over for containing wind power plant
The static electric voltage stability computational problem of direct current hybrid power system, proposes that a kind of alternating current-direct current mixing for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness is defeated
Electric system continuous tide (CPF) computational methods, the probability distribution situation of node voltage collapse point load margin is tried to achieve with this, this
It is one of main innovation point of the invention.Wind power output and collapse of voltage point load nargin relation are obtained by fitting, further according to
Fitting function derives the collapse of voltage desired computing formula of point load nargin, compared with traditional MonteCarlo methods, the method
Calculating speed improves a lot, and is also one of main innovation point of the invention.By Simulation Example, the effective of the algorithm is demonstrated
Property and practicality, and analyze wind-powered electricity generation distributed constant, shadow of the DC control specification of variables value to voltage stability using the method
Ring.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is DC power transmission line；
Fig. 2 is PW-λSNBMatched curve；
Fig. 3 is MC generation wind power probability distribution；
Fig. 4 is the collapse of voltage point load nargin probability distribution of node 5；
Fig. 5 is that DC current controlling value is expected collapse point load margin to influence；
Fig. 6 is that DC voltage control value is expected collapse point load margin to influence.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with a kind of AC and DC power system of Description of Drawings consideration wind-powered electricity generation randomness according to embodiments of the present invention
Continuation power flow is comprised the following steps：
1st, the model of alternating current-direct current containing wind power plant is set up.
1) Wind speed model is set up
Weibull distributions can preferably be used for one wind speed in area of approximate simulation, and its probability-distribution function is：
F (V)=P (v≤V)=1-exp [- (V/c)k] (1)
In formula：C is the scale parameter of Weibull distributions, the mean wind speed in reflection wind power plant location；K is Weibull points
The form parameter of cloth, c and k are fitted gained by measured data.Wind speed v uses document in the present invention《Determine with method of characteristic
Ac and dc systemses Voltage weak stability zone calculation》The described generating random number for meeting Weibull distributions：vi=c (Inxi)1/k, x in formulaiClothes
It is uniformly distributed from [0,1] is interval.
2) Wind turbines power distribution
Separate unit wind turbine send active power and wind speed relation can approximate representation be：
In formula, PWIt is the active power that separate unit wind turbine sends, v represents wind farm wind velocity, vciRepresent wind power plant inner blower
Incision wind speed；vcoRepresent cut-out wind speed；vrRepresent rated wind speed, PrIt is wind power plant rated power.
Can obtain wind power plant active power output probability according to (1) and (2) formula is：
When wind speed is less than incision wind speed or more than cut-out wind speed, it is zero to send power, and its probability is：
When wind speed is more than rated wind speed and during less than cut-out wind speed, power is sent for rated power, its probability is：
When wind speed is more than incision wind speed and during less than rated wind speed, power is sent for rated power, its probability is：
2nd, the power flow equation group containing ginseng of ac and dc systemses containing wind power plant is set up.
1) the power flow equation group containing ginseng of AC and DC power system containing wind power plant：
In formula：Pi0、Qi0Active power and reactive power that node i is initially injected are represented respectively；PWi、QWiWind is represented respectively
Active power and reactive power that electric field sends, the value is zero during node connection Wind turbines；Vi, θ represent respectively i node electricity
Pressure and phase angle；It is the power-factor angle of each load；αiRepresent each generator output growing direction；βiRepresent each load work(
Rate growing direction.λ is the load variations nargin of system；N is PV node and PQ node number sums, and M is PQ node number sums；
K=1,2 ..., Nc, NcIt is transverter number；Vdk, IdkRespectively DC voltage and DC current, node are not connected to DC line
When Vdk, IdkIt is zero；It is converter power factor angle；θkIt is converter Control angle；
2) straight-flow system transverter fundamental equation：
Δd1k=Vdk-kTkVN+kcosθdk+XckIdk=0 (7)
3) DC network equation：
In formula：gdkjIt is DC network admittance.
4) converter Control equation：
Converter Control needs to determine that each transverter need to determine two control variables, two in correspondence 4 equations of following formula
The equation group of equation composition：
Formula (6) and (10) can use F (x, y, Pw, λ) and=0 expression, whereinRepresent and hand over
Straight-flow system state variable, y=(C1ds,C2ds, α, β)TRepresent system control variables, α=[α1,α2,...,αNG,]TIt is generator
Exert oneself growing direction, β=[β 1, β 2 ..., βNL,]TIt is load growth direction, C1ds, C2dsFor the corresponding control of each transverter becomes
Amount setting value：Idks, Vdks, kTks, cos θdks,Two setting values of middle correspondence control mode, when carrying out Load flow calculation, need head
First give the value of y parameters and λ, PWFor the active power that wind power plant sends.
3rd, random continuous trend implementation method is formed.
1) link is predicted
The value of y parameters and the initial value λ 0 of λ are set first, and prediction link mainly solves formula below, by following equation
The growth vector at future position can be obtained：
In formulaFor k-th element is 1, remaining element is zero row vector；It is ac and dc systemses Jacobian matrix；
After tangent vector is obtained, the predicted value of next step is given by.
In formulaIt is discreet value, x0, λ0It is initial value, σ is prediction step.
2) correction link
After calculating is predicted, the correction for then carrying out continuous tide is calculated.In correction step is calculated, using vertical correction
Method, withIt is initial value, following correction equations is solved using Newton-Raphson approach.
Δ x, Δ λ are correction in formula, in calculating is corrected, are calculated corrected value by Newton-Raphson approach and are used as
The initial value that prediction link is calculated next time, iteration is to system Critical operating point always.
3) treatment of stochastic variable
Wind-powered electricity generation has very strong randomness in AC and DC power system containing wind power plant, has larger to stability of power system
Influence.Mostly by wind power as the treatment of deterministic variable in traditional research, it is considered to when wind-powered electricity generation minimax is exerted oneself pair
The stability of a system influences.
Standard MC methods：According to the power that different wind speed wind power plants sends, different wind are calculated by repeatedly calculating CPF
The distribution of the lower load margin L of speed, but the method calculating speed is slower, particularly when system node is more and the more speed per hour of air speed data
Degree is slower.
In order to solve this problem, the present invention proposes to be improved traditional Monte Carlo, referred to as fitting formula method.First
The peak power and minimum power that wind power plant can be sent carry out being divided into M points, and being calculated one group of collapse point by CPF bears
Lotus nargin parameter lambdaSNB, according to λSNBDistribution situation, to PWAnd λSNBLeast square fitting is carried out, matched curve λ is obtainedSNB=g
(PW)；Randomness wind power is substituted into equation λSNB=g (PW), λ can be obtainedSNBDistribution situation, to λSNB=g (PW) is asked
Lead, obtain λSNBMaximum and the point wind power.
Fitting formula method：Consider the randomness of wind power, the expectation computing formula of peak load nargin is：
Understand that the accuracy of E (PL) result of calculation is closely related with the degree of accuracy that fitting function g (PW) is fitted by above formula, profit
The weibull wind speed profile situation collapse of voltage points of different control variables and different k, c can be more easily tried to achieve with the method
Load margin expect.
In sum, the model random continuous Load Flow Program of alternating current-direct current containing wind power plant is calculated as follows：
A) emulated by Monte Carlo and produce N number of wind speed sample, different wind are calculated using formula (3), (4), (5)
The power P that electric field sendsW；
B) assumed load increases and generator output growing direction α, β and DC control pattern and its controlling value C1ds,
C2ds；
C) by PWScope [0, PWmax] M value is taken at equal intervals, to each PWCPF calculating is carried out, correspondence can be obtained
PV curves prenasale, i.e. the λ of collapse of voltage pointSNBValue；
D) λ corresponding to each PWSNBPoint carries out least square fitting, obtains λSNB=g (PW) equation and curve,
Then load margin:
Li=L0+λSNBαi=Li0+g(PW)αi(16)
E) by the P of generation in step a)WThe load margin L under RANDOM WIND electrical pumping is calculated using formula (16), and to L's
Probability distribution is counted, and is contrasted with traditional Monte Carlo methods, it may be verified that the validity of the algorithm；
F) according to the fitting function generated in step e), being calculated using formula (15) can try to achieve collapse of voltage point load nargin
Expectation.
4th, the validity of verification algorithm.
IEEE9 node systems are improved, wind power generating set are accessed in the node 2 of IEEE9 node systems, by node
7-8 is directly accessed DC transmission line, and 7 is inverter side, and 8 is rectification side, and it is 0.1 to load onto per unit admittance in node 7 and node 8
Shunt capacitance.Load growth direction is increased in initial load ratio, due to adding Wind turbines, in order that balancing the load,
Generator 2 is exerted oneself and is reduced to original 1/3, and generating set goes out force direction and increases according to former ratio.The straight-flow system such as institute of accompanying drawing 1
Show, its parameter perunit value is：
Rectification side is Xc1=Xc2=0.013 with inverter side commutation resistance；
DC line substitutional resistance is Rd=0.0388；
Rectification side control mode：Given current controller Ids=0.837, constant dc power control kTks=1；
Inverter side control mode：Determine voltage control Vds=0.9384, constant dc power control kTks=1；
Used wind-powered electricity generation field parameters are as shown in table 1 below：
The DFIG wind turbine parameters of table 1
According to above-mentioned condition, emulated by Monte Carlo and produce 10000 obedience c=10, k=2weibull distributions
Wind speed sample method proposed by the present invention and tradition Monte Carlo methods are contrasted, the validity of verification method.PW
∈ [0,0.2], fitting points M=101；101 (P are obtained according to CPFW,λSNB), according to (PW,λSNB) distribution situation, this hair
Bright use Fourier functions are λSNB=g (PW)=a0+a1*cos (PW*w)+b1*sin(PW* w), fitting result：A0=-
3.99011e+04, a1=3.99150e+04, b1=-213.0561, w=-0.05365 determine that coefficient is 0.9936, and fitting is bent
Line is as shown in Figure 2, it is seen that (PW,λSNB) be substantially distributed near matched curve, illustrate that fitting effect is preferable.
(2) formula is utilized to be calculated wind power plant active power output P in Monte Carlo generation wind speed samplesW, its distribution is shown in attached
Fig. 3.Standard MC methods are respectively adopted and fitting MC methods proposed by the present invention calculate (PW,λSNB) value, and to each load bus 5
Load margin probability density distribution and expectation are counted, and as a result see accompanying drawing 4 and table 2；
Using fitting formula method, the load margin that λ SNB=g (PW) substitute into formula (15) calculate node 5 is expected, calculate knot
Fruit is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 considers that wind speed randomness load margin expects result of calculation
Understand that the result that " MC approximating methods " proposed by the present invention and standard Monte Carlo methods are obtained is basic by accompanying drawing 4
Unanimously, load margin is larger mainly has at 3, and it is zero that wind power is corresponded to respectively, situation when specified and load margin is maximum,
It is consistent with actual conditions, demonstrate the validity of " MC approximating methods ".
As shown in Table 2：The load margin calculated using " fitting MC methods " and " fitting formula method " is expected and standard MC side
Closely, and the calculating time wants short many to method.
5th, analysis and Control variable is expected collapse point load margin to influence.
1) DC control value influences on collapse point load margin
In the control mode of DC converter, electric current is generally determined using rectification side, inverter side determines the control of voltage.Direct current
The size of controlling value has certain influence on load margin, and because the hot ability to bear of the equipment such as converter valve is limited, DC current is general
No more than 1.2pu, there are current interruptions and run to prevent DC current in converter valve too small, typical IminIt is 0.2-
0.3pu；For guarantee system is normally run, V is setdsExcursion is 0.9-0.98pu.Converter power transformer no-load voltage ratio governing speed ratio
It is relatively slow, it is poor to power swing stability regulating power, therefore the influence of no-load voltage ratio is not considered.Using " MC fitting process " respectively to Ids
∈ [0.2,1.1] and Vds ∈ [0.9,0.98] expects system loading nargin described in 4.1 to be analyzed, as a result such as accompanying drawing 5 and attached
Fig. 6.
Bigger to find out DC current controlling value and DC voltage control value from accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 6, the load of collapse point is abundant
Degree is expected smaller on the contrary, illustrate that DC power transmission line conveys that power is excessive is unfavorable for power system stability containing wind power plant, and directly
Flow influence of the setting valve of voltage to the stability of a system bigger.Therefore operations staff is in arrange parameter, it should be noted that DC voltage
The reasonability that current setting is set.
2) wind speed profile influences on collapse point load margin
The wind speed profile of actual wind power plant is not deterministic, document《Day wind speed Random-fuzzy ambiguous model》Pass through
Maximum-likelihood method has excavated wind speed Fuzzy Distribution parameter.The distributed constant value for therefrom choosing several groups of wind speed is analyzed, due to
The weibull of different k, c is distributed to matched curve λSNB=g (PW) result does not influence, can be more convenient using " fitting formula method "
Try to achieve different k, under the wind speed of c load margin expect.The result for obtaining such as table 3.
During the weibull wind speed profiles of the difference of table 3 k, c
As seen from the results in Table 3, when Wind turbines rated power, cut out power it is constant when, wind speed weibull distribution
Form parameter k values are bigger, and E (PL5) is smaller；Scale parameter c values are bigger, and E (PL5) is bigger, and influences of the c to E (PL5) wants big by one
A bit.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of consider wind-powered electricity generation randomness AC and DC power system Continuation power flow, it is characterised in that：
(1) model of alternating current-direct current containing wind power plant is set up；
(2) the power flow equation group containing ginseng of ac and dc systemses containing wind power plant is set up；
(3) random continuous trend implementation method is formed；
(4) validity of verification algorithm；
(5) analysis and Control variable is expected collapse point load margin to influence.
2. a kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the step 1) the middle foundation model of alternating current-direct current containing wind power plant, Wind speed model and Wind turbines power distribution are set up respectively
Model, with the wind speed in Weibulll distribution approximate simulations somewhere, mechanical energy and wind speed that Wind turbines are obtained in wind power plant
Cube be directly proportional, set up the model of active power that separate unit wind turbine sends and wind speed, it is included when wind speed is less than incision wind
Speed or during more than cut-out wind speed, when wind speed is more than rated wind speed and less than cut-out wind speed, when wind speed is more than incision wind speed and small
Three kinds of probability Distribution Models such as when rated wind speed.
3. a kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the step 2) middle foundation ac and dc systemses containing wind power plant power flow equation group containing ginseng, solve power system continuous tide
(CPF) essence is to solve for a series of power flow equation groups containing ginseng, the parameter of collapse of voltage point is obtained, so as to obtain system loading nargin
And judging static system voltage stability, equation group can use F (x, y, Pw, λ) and=0 expression, when carrying out Load flow calculation, need first
The value of given y parameters and λ.
4. a kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the step 3) middle formation random continuous trend implementation method, including at prediction link, correction link and stochastic variable
Reason link；The improvement of special chucking method, the peak power that wind power plant can be sent are covered in the proposition of novelty of the present invention based on tradition
Carry out being divided into M points with minimum power, one group of collapse point load margin parameter lambda is calculated by CPFSNB, to PWAnd λSNBEnter
Row least square fitting, obtains matched curve λSNB=g (PW), obtains λSNBMaximum and the point wind power.
5. a kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the step 4) in verification algorithm validity, method proposed by the present invention and tradition Monte Carlo methods are entered
Row contrast, the validity of verification method；Standard MC methods are respectively adopted and fitting MC methods proposed by the present invention calculate (PW,λSNB)
Value, and the load margin probability density distribution of each load bus 5 and expectation are counted, " MC plans proposed by the present invention can be obtained
The result that conjunction method " and standard Monte Carlo methods are obtained is basically identical, consistent with actual conditions, demonstrates " MC fitting sides
The validity of method "；The load margin calculated using " fitting MC methods " and " fitting formula method " is expected with standard MC methods very
It is close, and the calculating time want short many.
6. a kind of AC and DC power system Continuation power flow for considering wind-powered electricity generation randomness according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the step 5) analysis and Control variable is expected collapse point load margin to influence, including DC control value is to collapse point
Influence of the influence and wind speed profile of load margin to collapse point load margin.
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| CN112803473A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-14 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 | Method for improving reliability of extra-high voltage direct current access power system with wind power uncertainty |
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