CN106487254B - A kind of MMC converter valve moving die system Parameters design based on criterion of similarity - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of MMC converter valve moving die system Parameters design based on criterion of similarity, includes the following steps: 1) to establish MMC converter valve equivalent model；2) MMC converter valve criterion of similarity is determined；3) MMC converter valve moving die system parameter is designed.Technical solution provided by the invention is based on switch function and establishes MMC converter valve equivalent model, on the basis of equivalent model, MMC converter valve criterion of similarity is proposed based on similarity theory novelty, the blank of the area research has been filled up, provides necessary theory support for moving die system electrical parameter calculation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Parameters designs of MMC valve, and in particular to a kind of MMC converter valve based on criterion of similarity
Moving die system Parameters design.
Background technique
Flexible direct current technology is HVDC Transmission Technology of new generation, is new energy power generation grid-connection, the power supply of large size city load, orphan
Island power supply, multiterminal element networking provide brand-new solution, wherein modularization multi-level converter flexible DC transmission
(Multi-level Modular Converter-High Voltage Direct-Current, MMC-HVDC) represents soft
The development trend of property DC techniques.With increasing for MMC-HVDC engineer application, the research and development of MMC-HVDC dynamic model emulation technology and
Platform development becomes one of urgent problem.
Since analogue simulation system is mainly the system model set up according to the principle of similitude, i.e., must guarantee to imitate first
The equivalence of true system and prototype system.For specific MMC-HVDC analogue system, then it must assure that moving die system in device
Type selecting, topological structure, control relay protective scheme etc. it is equivalent.And how phase is followed for MMC-HVDC analogue system both at home and abroad
Established like principle and there is no full and accurate elaboration so that MMC-HVDC dynamic model Simulation System Platform realize lack it is necessary it is theoretical according to
According to.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of MMC based on criterion of similarity to change
Flow valve actuation modular system Parameters design.
The purpose of the present invention is adopt the following technical solutions realization:
The present invention provides a kind of MMC converter valve moving die system Parameters design based on criterion of similarity, in the method
Modularization multi-level converter be made of A, B, C three-phase, every phase by concatenated structure it is identical up and down two bridge arms constitute；Up and down
The exchange end of the midpoint link block multilevel converter of two bridge arms；
Each bridge arm includes 1 reactor and the identical submodule of N number of structure in two bridge arms up and down；Each bridge arm
One end is connected with the end that exchanges of modularization multi-level converter after sub-module cascade；The other end after the sub-module cascade of each bridge arm
It is connect after current-limiting reactor with the reactor of another two-phase bridge arm, forms the positive and negative anodes of the modularization multi-level converter DC terminal
Bus；
Each submodule includes upper and lower two all-controlling power electronics device IGBT；
It is improved in that the method includes the following steps:
1) MMC converter valve equivalent model is established；
2) MMC converter valve criterion of similarity is determined；
3) MMC converter valve moving die system parameter is designed.
Further, in the step 1), Practical Project is emulated with low pressure physical simulator, is based on similarity theorem
MMC converter valve equivalent model is established with switch function, the correspondence theorem is pointed out to refer to that two similar systems there will be phase
Criterion of similarity together, i.e. two systems are similar, then it keeps one to consolidate dependent variable and parameter respectively in entire dynamic process
Fixed ratio, i.e. simulation ratio；
According to the working principle of MMC converter valve submodule, with the switching state of switch function simulation MMC submodule；
Wherein, S indicates that switch function, T1 and T2 respectively indicate two full-control type power electronic devices up and down of MMC submodule
Part IGBT meets following relationship with the electric current for flowing through submodule that switch function indicates:
Wherein, ii1And ii2Respectively indicate bridge arm and lower bridge arm electric current in the i-th phase of MMC；ui1, ui2Refer to every mutually upper and lower bridge arm
The sum of all submodule capacitor voltages；Si1jIndicate the switch state of j-th of submodule of bridge arm in i phase, Si2jIndicate i phase lower bridge arm
The switch state of j-th of submodule；N indicates the submodule number of each bridge arm, C0Indicate submodule capacitor；
MMC converter valve upper and lower bridge arm symmetric design, then have:
L1=L2=Ls (2)
Wherein: L1、L2、LsIndicate the bridge arm inductance of the every phase of A, B, C three-phase；
Upper and lower bridge arm applies Kirchhoff's second law respectively, respectively obtains the differential equation group of MMC:
Three phase element symmetric designs of MMC converter valve, the DC current that each phase element flows through are idc/3；Separately by upper and lower bridge
Arm reactor is identical, therefore alternating current iiDivide equally in upper and lower bridge arm, have:
Formula (4) are substituted into formula (3), and two formulas in formula (3) are subtracted each other:
It is obtained again by formula (1):
Formula (6) are substituted into formula (5) and are obtained:
If some time, which engraves bridge arm, x submodule investment, then to guarantee that DC voltage is constant, lower bridge arm should have n-x son
Module investment, i.e.,
It brings formula (5) by, obtains the MMC dynamic physical simulation system (low pressure physical simulator) based on switch function
Converter valve equivalent model:
Wherein: idcFor the summation for the DC current that three phase elements flow through；udcFor the phase voltage of phase element；RdFor direct current
Resistance；iiFor alternating current.
Further, in the step 2), using integral analogue method, step 1) Chinese style (6) is organized into Dimensionless Form,
I.e. both members are simultaneously divided by 6Rdidc:
Define alternating current-direct current side current-modulation ratio are as follows:
Wherein: t indicates time, IiAnd IdcRespectively MMC exchanges side output line current peak and DC current；Assuming that exchange
Electric current and DC current keep current-modulation ratio in each control cycle, then according to step 1) Chinese style (6) and (12) by formula
(11) approximation is write as:
It is listed respectively such as formula for two groups of different variable parameters of MMC dynamic physical simulation system with Practical Project
(11) expression formula:
Subscript 1 represents Practical Project parameter in upper two formula, and subscript 2 represents moving die system parameter；By correspondence theorem, if two
The physical process of circuit is similar, then must there is proportionate relationships between each corresponding physical quantity；It indicates are as follows: LS1=kLLS2；C01
=kcC02；udc1=kuudc2；t1=ktt2；idc1=kiidc2；Rd1=kRRd2；
Formula (10) is write as a result:
When moving die system and on Practical Project bridge arm submodule investment number x it is identical when, if two circuits are similar, two circuit mistakes
Journey must be had by same differential equation:
Affinity constant is the restrict simulated than by formula (13)；
Obtain the derivation mode of the MMC converter valve criterion of similarity based on similarity theory are as follows:
Wherein: kL、kc、ku、kt、ki、kRRespectively indicate the inductance of MMC dynamic physical simulation system and Practical Project, capacitor,
Voltage, the time, electric current, resistance proportionality coefficient, π1For the criterion of similarity of D.C. resistance；π2For the criterion of similarity of bridge arm reactor；
π3For the criterion of similarity of submodule capacitor.
Further, in the step 3), design MMC converter valve moving die system parameter includes:
1. capacity ratio and voltage ratio selection mode are to which electric current ratio and reactance ratio determine therewith
2. wherein tietransformer voltage on valve side Uc, that is, calculate the formula of MMC converter valve outlet side phase voltage are as follows:
3. according to criterion of similarity π1Obtain D.C. resistance Rd2:
udc1/Rd1idc1=udc2/Rd2idc2
4. bridge arm reactor LS1With smoothing reactor parameter LS2:
According to criterion of similarity π2, in conjunction with etc. time constants principle, have under scale at the same time:
LS1/Rd1=LS2/Rd2
5. submodule capacitance parameter: it is in order to guarantee equivalence, the selection of submodule capacitance is identical as Practical Project, and with
According to criterion of similarity π3Calculated result is approximately equal；
Wherein: NSAnd NVRespectively indicate the capacity ratio and voltage ratio of MMC dynamic physical simulation system and Practical Project, SsimWith
VsimIndicate the rated capacity and voltage rating of dynamic physical simulation system；SEngineering、VEngineeringIndicate the rated capacity and volume of Practical Project
Constant voltage；NIAnd NZRespectively indicate electric current ratio and reactance ratio；LS1And LS2Respectively indicate Practical Project and MMC converter valve moving die system
Bridge arm reactor and smoothing reactor；Rd1And Rd2Respectively indicate the direct current of Practical Project and MMC converter valve moving die system
Resistance.
The excellent effect that technical solution provided by the invention has is:
MMC converter valve moving die system Parameters design provided by the invention based on criterion of similarity is based on switch function
MMC converter valve equivalent model is established, on the basis of equivalent model, the MMC change of current is proposed based on similarity theory novelty
Valve criterion of similarity has filled up the blank of the area research, provides necessary theory support for moving die system electrical parameter calculation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the simplified diagram provided by the invention according to similarity theorem；Wherein: (a) and (a ') respectively indicates three
The geometric similarity figure of dimension；(b) and (b ') respectively indicates physical phenomenon similar diagram；
Fig. 2 is the topological diagram of MMC physical simulating device converter valve provided by the invention；Wherein (a) is MMC physical analogy dress
The topological diagram of converter valve is set, (b) is the topological diagram of MMC physical simulating device converter valve submodule；
Fig. 3 is the phase element electrical equivalent diagram of MMC converter valve topology provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the primary structure topological diagram of low pressure physical simulator provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is the experimental rig provided by the invention designed using principle of similarity, control when for STATCOM experiment
Process and waveform diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The following description and drawings fully show specific embodiments of the present invention, to enable those skilled in the art to
Practice them.Other embodiments may include structure, logic, it is electrical, process and other change.Embodiment
Only represent possible variation.Unless explicitly requested, otherwise individual component and function are optional, and the sequence operated can be with
Variation.The part of some embodiments and feature can be included in or replace part and the feature of other embodiments.This hair
The range of bright embodiment includes equivalent obtained by the entire scope of claims and all of claims
Object.Herein, these embodiments of the invention can individually or generally be indicated that this is only with term " invention "
For convenience, and if in fact disclosing the invention more than one, the range for being not meant to automatically limit the application is to appoint
What single invention or inventive concept.
The present invention provides a kind of MMC converter valve moving die system Parameters design based on criterion of similarity, including following steps
It is rapid:
1) method that MMC converter valve equivalent model is established based on similarity theorem and switch function
In order in the function of the high-power MMC-HVDC of laboratory proofing (power is hundreds of megawatts, and voltage is hundreds of kV grades)
Can, it needs to first have to emulate real system with low pressure physical simulator (power is thousands of watts, and voltage is number kV grade), is
This first has to the principle according to similarity theorem, to calculate the parameter of low pressure physical simulator.
Correspondence theorem is pointed out: two similar systems have to criterion of similarity having the same.Once i.e. two systems phase
Seemingly, then it should keep a fixed ratio, i.e. simulation ratio to dependent variable and parameter respectively in entire dynamic process.Geometry phase
Seemingly and phenomenon is similar as shown in Fig. 1 (a) (a ') (b) (b ').Correspondence theorem also illustrates criterion of similarity between two similar systems
Number and its criterion expression formula.
The present invention from the constraint condition for meeting similarity theorem, guarantees MMC moving die system and former real system first
Equivalence start with from MMC converter valve equivalent circuit on this basis and study its criterion of similarity.The topology of MMC converter valve and its
Shown in phase element electrical equivalent such as Fig. 2 (a).Modularization multi-level converter is made of A, B, C three-phase, and every phase is by concatenated structure
Identical two bridge arms up and down are constituted；The exchange end of the midpoint link block multilevel converter of upper and lower two bridge arm；
Each bridge arm includes 1 reactor and the identical submodule of N number of structure in two bridge arms up and down；Each bridge arm
One end is connected with the end that exchanges of modularization multi-level converter after sub-module cascade；The other end after the sub-module cascade of each bridge arm
It is connect after current-limiting reactor with the reactor of another two-phase bridge arm, forms the positive and negative anodes of the modularization multi-level converter DC terminal
Bus；
As shown in Fig. 2 (b), each submodule includes upper and lower two all-controlling power electronics device IGBT；
According to the working principle of MMC submodule, the switching state of MMC submodule can be simulated with switch function.
Wherein, T1 and T2 respectively indicates the IGBT up and down of MMC submodule, the electricity for flowing through submodule indicated with switch function
Stream should meet following relationship:
Wherein, ii1And ii2Respectively indicate bridge arm and lower bridge arm electric current in the i-th phase of MMC；ui1, ui2Refer to every mutually upper and lower bridge arm
The sum of all submodule capacitor voltages；Si1jIndicate the switch state of j-th of submodule of bridge arm in i phase, Si2jIndicate i phase lower bridge arm
The switch state of j-th of submodule；N indicates the submodule number of each bridge arm, C0Indicate submodule capacitor.
Consider MMC converter valve upper and lower bridge arm symmetric design, then has
L1=L2=Ls (2)
Upper and lower bridge arm applies Kirchhoff's second law respectively, can obtain the differential equation group of MMC respectively:
Because of three phase element symmetric designs, the DC current that each phase element flows through is idc/3；Separately by upper and lower bridge
Arm reactor is identical, therefore alternating current (ii) also divide equally in upper and lower bridge arm.So having:
Formula (4) are substituted into formula (3), vertical type is subtracted each other:
It can be obtained by formula (1) again:
Formula (6) are substituted into (5) and are obtained:
If some time, which engraves bridge arm, x submodule investment, then to guarantee that DC voltage is constant, lower bridge arm should have n-x son
Module investment, it may be assumed that
It brings formula (5) into, the MMC dynamic simulator system converter valve equivalent model based on switch function can be obtained:
2) derivation method of the MMC converter valve criterion of similarity based on similarity theory
Using integral analogue method, (6) are further organized into zero dimension (dimensionless) form, i.e., both members and meanwhile divided by
6Rdidc:
Defining alternating current-direct current side current-modulation ratio is
Wherein IiAnd IdcRespectively MMC exchanges side output line current peak and DC current.Thus, it is supposed that alternating current and
DC current keeps this current-modulation ratio within certain period, then can be write as formula (11) approximation according to formula (6) and (9)
It can be listed respectively such as the expression formula of formula (11) for two groups of different variable parameters of dynamic model with Practical Project:
Subscript 1 represents Practical Project parameter in upper two formula, and subscript 2 represents moving die system parameter, similarly hereinafter.By correspondence theorem,
It, must there is certain proportion relationships between each corresponding physical quantity if the physical process of two circuits is similar.It indicates are as follows:
LS1=kLLS2；C01=kcC02；udc1=kuudc2；t1=ktt2；idc1=kiidc2；Rd1=kRRd2。
Formula (10) can be write as a result,
When moving die system and in prototype system bridge arm submodule investment number x it is identical when, if two circuits are similar, the two electricity
Cheng Yingshi is passed by by same differential equation, i.e., must be had:
As it can be seen that affinity constant is the restrict simulated than by formula (13), rather than arbitrarily choose.
So as to obtain the derivation method of the MMC converter valve criterion of similarity based on similarity theory are as follows:
3) MMC converter valve moving die system parameter designing
According to the derivation result of the above similarity principle, reasonably selecting ac and dc systems simulation ratio is MMC-HVDC dynamic model system
The key factor of system simulator, the result of calculating should also meet the constraint of circuit voltage current power proportionality.
So as to obtain the main equipment parameters design method of MMC converter valve moving die system.
1. capacity ratio and voltage ratio selection mode areTo which electric current ratio and reactance ratio determine therewith:
2. wherein connection becomes voltage on valve side Uc, i.e. MMC inverter outlet side phase voltage calculation method are as follows:
3. D.C. resistance Rd2, according to criterion of similarity π1D.C. resistance R can be obtainedd2Calculation method.
udc1/Rd1idc1=udc2/Rd2idc2
4. bridge arm reactor LS1With smoothing reactor parameter LS2。
According to criterion of similarity π2, consider etc. time constants principle, have under scale at the same time:
LS1/Rd1=LS2/Rd2
5. submodule capacitance parameter: it is in order to guarantee equivalence, the selection of submodule capacitance is identical as Practical Project, and with
According to criterion of similarity π3Calculated result is close.
Embodiment
According to the criterion of similarity of the equivalence and the design of above-mentioned MMC converter valve dynamic model of moving die system and former real system,
And consider practical engineering experience, the test request of valve control system etc., it is determined that the parameters of MMC moving die system are shown in Table 1.
1 system parameter of table
2 moving die system nominal parameter of table
STATCOM test has been carried out on moving die system.The moving die system built it can be seen from test waveform can
Reach expected test effect, it is higher with the real system waveform goodness of fit.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, although referring to above-described embodiment pair
The present invention is described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art still can to a specific embodiment of the invention into
Row modification perhaps equivalent replacement these without departing from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, applying
Within pending claims of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of MMC converter valve moving die system Parameters design based on criterion of similarity, how electric the modularization in the method is
Flat inverter is made of A, B, C three-phase, and every phase is made of identical two bridge arms up and down of concatenated structure；The midpoint of upper and lower two bridge arm
Locate the exchange end of link block multilevel converter；
Each bridge arm includes 1 reactor and the identical submodule of N number of structure in two bridge arms up and down；The submodule of each bridge arm
One end is connected with the end that exchanges of modularization multi-level converter after block cascade；The other end is connected after the sub-module cascade of each bridge arm
It is connect after reactor with the reactor of another two-phase bridge arm, the positive and negative anodes for forming the modularization multi-level converter DC terminal are female
Line；
Each submodule includes upper and lower two all-controlling power electronics device IGBT；
It is characterized in that, the method includes the following steps:
1) MMC converter valve equivalent model is established；
2) MMC converter valve criterion of similarity is determined；
3) MMC dynamic physical simulation system parameter is designed；
In the step 1), Practical Project is emulated with low pressure physical simulator, is built based on similarity theorem and switch function
Vertical MMC converter valve equivalent model, the similarity theorem refer to that two similar systems want criterion of similarity having the same, i.e.,
Two systems are similar, then it keeps a fixed ratio to dependent variable and parameter respectively in entire dynamic process, that is, simulate
Than；
According to the working principle of MMC converter valve submodule, with the switching state of switch function simulation MMC converter valve submodule；
Wherein, S indicates that switch function, T1 and T2 respectively indicate two full-control type power electronics up and down of MMC converter valve submodule
Device IGBT meets following relationship with the electric current for flowing through MMC converter valve submodule that switch function indicates:
Wherein, ii1And ii2Respectively indicate bridge arm and lower bridge arm electric current in the i-th phase of MMC；ui1, ui2Refer to that every mutually upper and lower bridge arm is all
The sum of MMC converter valve submodule capacitor voltage；Si1jIndicate the switch state of j-th of MMC converter valve submodule of bridge arm in i phase,
Si2jIndicate the switch state of j-th of MMC converter valve submodule of i phase lower bridge arm；N indicates the MMC converter valve submodule of each bridge arm
Number, C0Indicate MMC converter valve submodule capacitor；
MMC converter valve upper and lower bridge arm symmetric design, then have:
L1=L2=Ls (2)
Wherein: L1、L2、LsIndicate the bridge arm inductance of the every phase of A, B, C three-phase；
Upper and lower bridge arm applies Kirchhoff's second law respectively, respectively obtains the differential equation group of MMC:
Three phase element symmetric designs of MMC converter valve, the DC current that each phase element flows through are idc/3；Due to upper and lower bridge arm electricity
Anti- device is identical, therefore alternating current iiDivide equally in upper and lower bridge arm, have:
Formula (4) are substituted into formula (3), and two formulas in formula (3) are subtracted each other:
It is obtained again by formula (1):
Formula (6) are substituted into formula (5) and are obtained:
If some time, which engraves bridge arm, x MMC converter valve submodule investment, then to guarantee that DC voltage is constant, lower bridge arm should have n-x
A MMC converter valve submodule investment, i.e.,
Above formula is substituted into formula (5), obtains the MMC dynamic physical simulation system converter valve equivalent model based on switch function:
Wherein: idcFor the summation for the DC current that three phase elements flow through；udcFor the phase voltage of phase element；RdFor D.C. resistance；
iiFor alternating current.
2. Parameters design as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that, will using integral analogue method in the step 2)
Step 1) Chinese style (8) is organized into Dimensionless Form, i.e., both members are simultaneously divided by 6Rdidc:
Define alternating current-direct current side current-modulation ratio are as follows:
Wherein: t indicates time, IiAnd IdcRespectively MMC exchanges side output line current peak and DC current；Assuming that alternating current
It keeps current-modulation ratio in each control cycle with DC current, is then obtained according to formula (9) and (10):
For two groups of different variable parameters of MMC dynamic physical simulation system with Practical Project list respectively its such as formula (12) and
(13) expression formula:
Subscript 1 represents Practical Project parameter in upper two formula, and subscript 2 represents MMC dynamic physical simulation system parameter；By similar fixed
Reason must there is proportionate relationships between each corresponding physical quantity if the physical process of two circuits is similar；It indicates are as follows: LS1
=kLLS2；C01=kcC02；udc1=kuudc2；t1=ktt2；idc1=kiidc2；Rd1=kRRd2；
Formula (12) is write as a result:
When MMC dynamic physical simulation system and on Practical Project bridge arm submodule investment number x it is identical when, if two circuits are similar,
Two circuitry processes must be had by same differential equation:
Affinity constant is the restrict simulated than by formula (15)；
Obtain the derivation mode of the MMC converter valve criterion of similarity based on similarity theory are as follows:
Wherein: kL、kc、ku、kt、ki、kRRespectively indicate the inductance, capacitor, electricity of MMC dynamic physical simulation system and Practical Project
Pressure, the time, electric current, resistance proportionality coefficient, π1For the criterion of similarity of D.C. resistance；π2For the criterion of similarity of bridge arm reactor；π3
For the criterion of similarity of MMC converter valve submodule capacitor.
3. Parameters design as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3), design MMC dynamic physical mould
Quasi- system parameter includes:
1. capacity ratio and voltage ratio selection mode areTo which electric current ratio and reactance ratio determine therewith
2. wherein tietransformer voltage on valve side Uc, that is, calculate the formula of MMC converter valve outlet side phase voltage are as follows:
3. according to criterion of similarity π1Obtain D.C. resistance Rd2:
udc1/Rd1idc1=udc2/Rd2idc2
4. bridge arm reactor LS1With smoothing reactor parameter LS2:
According to criterion of similarity π2, in conjunction with etc. time constants principle, have under scale at the same time:
LS1/Rd1=LS2/Rd2
5. MMC converter valve submodule capacitance parameter: in order to guarantee equivalence, by the selection of MMC converter valve submodule capacitance and in fact
Border engineering is identical, and with according to criterion of similarity π3Calculated result is approximately equal；
Wherein: π1For the criterion of similarity of D.C. resistance；π2For the criterion of similarity of bridge arm reactor；π3For MMC converter valve submodule electricity
The criterion of similarity of appearance；NSAnd NVRespectively indicate the capacity ratio and voltage ratio of MMC dynamic physical simulation system and Practical Project, SsimWith
VsimIndicate the rated capacity and voltage rating of MMC dynamic physical simulation system；SEngineering、VEngineeringIndicate the rated capacity of Practical Project
And voltage rating；NIAnd NZRespectively indicate electric current ratio and reactance ratio；LS1And LS2Respectively indicate Practical Project and MMC dynamic physical mould
The bridge arm reactor and smoothing reactor of quasi- system；Rd1And Rd2Respectively indicate Practical Project and MMC dynamic physical simulation system
D.C. resistance.
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