CN106255248B

CN106255248B - Railway anchor heating device

Info

Publication number: CN106255248B
Application number: CN201610680999.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李志兵
Original assignee: Sichuan Huafu Chuangke Railway Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Huafu Chuangke Railway Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-12
Filing date: 2016-08-12
Publication date: 2023-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-12
Also published as: CN106255248A

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway anchor heating device, which comprises a high-frequency generator circuit and an electromagnetic conversion device; the high frequency generator circuit includes: the electromagnetic conversion device mainly comprises a cable, a connector and a conversion part, wherein the conversion part comprises a shell, a coil, a magnetizer, a protective layer and a filling layer, the protective layer is covered on the magnetizer, the coil is wound on the protective layer, the magnetizer, the protective layer and the coil are positioned in the shell, the filling layer is filled between the coil and the shell, two ends of the magnetizer extend out of the shell, the coil is connected with the cable through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is positioned in the shell; and an interface is arranged on the output and is used for connecting with a cable of the electromagnetic conversion device by adopting an aviation plug or a quick connector. The railway anchor heating device has the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion, and the induction heating effect is ideal through practical verification.

Description

Railway anchor heating device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic induction heating, in particular to a railway anchor heating device.

Background

Electromagnetic induction heating results from the faraday-discovered phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, i.e., alternating current produces an induced current in the conductor, thereby causing the conductor to heat. Since the discovery of the thermal effects of current flowing through the wires, many inventors have emerged around the world that have been engaged in research and manufacture of electric heaters. In 1890, swedish technicians invented a first induction melting furnace, a slotted cored furnace; in 1893, an electric iron prototype appeared in the united states; in 1909, the advent of electric cookers has enabled the conversion of electric energy into heat energy; in 1916, the united states invented a closed-trough cored-wire furnace, and the electromagnetic induction technology gradually entered the practical stage.

The Chinese patent literature with the authorized bulletin number of CN202969179U and the authorized bulletin day of 2013, 6 month and 5 day discloses a concrete sleeper electric heating anchor changing machine, which comprises an electric cabinet and an electromagnetic induction heating head, wherein the electric cabinet is provided with a connecting port, the electromagnetic induction heating head is connected with the electric cabinet through the connecting port, the electromagnetic induction heating head is divided into a heating part and a connecting part, the connecting part is connected with the electric cabinet, the heating part is sequentially provided with a supporting layer, a heat insulation layer, an electromagnetic induction coil layer and a protective layer from inside to outside, the heating part is provided with an inserting hole, and the supporting layer surrounds a heating cavity inside the heating part along the inserting hole. This patent adopts electromagnetic induction heating's mode to anchor bolt heating treatment, has improved work efficiency, and the work head can long-term repeatedly used moreover, and simple structure easily makes moreover, and it is fast to reinstall new anchor bolt, convenient to use has ensured railway transportation safety.

Meanwhile, the Chinese patent document with publication number 201312406 and publication date 2009

month

9 and 16 discloses a high-frequency generator, which comprises a common-mode filter circuit, a rectifying circuit, a power amplifying circuit, a transformer circuit, a trigger circuit, a high-frequency generating circuit and a direct-current output circuit, wherein the common-mode filter circuit, the rectifying circuit, the power amplifying circuit and the transformer circuit are sequentially connected, a voltage signal output end of the transformer circuit is respectively connected with a trigger circuit and a power supply end of the high-frequency generating circuit, a trigger signal output end of the trigger circuit is connected with a trigger signal input end of the high-frequency generating circuit, and a signal output end of the high-frequency generating circuit is connected with a signal input end of the direct-current output circuit, and the high-frequency generator is characterized in that: the direct current output circuit comprises two or more patch capacitors, and the patch capacitors are connected in parallel. The direct current output circuit is designed into two or more patch capacitors which are connected in parallel, one, two or more patch capacitors can be selectively connected according to the required output power, and the output power has expandability.

As described in the above patent documents, various high-frequency generator circuit structures are already available on the market at present, but the conventional high-frequency generator circuits are applied to the technical field of electromagnetic induction heating, and all the conventional high-frequency generator circuits have the defects of complex circuit structures, limited reliability, insufficient use efficiency and the like.

In addition, the concrete sleeper electric heating anchor changing machine represented by the patent documents only has the heating function and cannot have the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion; meanwhile, in the practical application process, the prior art typified by the above patent documents is not satisfactory in heating effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides the railway anchor heating device which can invert alternating current or direct current into high-frequency alternating current, has simple circuit design, stability and reliability, adopts a full digital signal processing process, and has flexible circuit use and high efficiency; meanwhile, the invention has the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion, and the induction heating effect is ideal through practical verification.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a railway anchor heating device, characterized in that: comprises a high-frequency generator circuit and an electromagnetic conversion device; the high frequency generator circuit includes: the circuit connection relation among the rectification filter circuit, the inverter circuit and the output is as follows: the rectification filter circuit is connected with the mains supply, the positive end and the negative end of the output of the rectification filter circuit are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit is connected with the output; the rectification filter circuit is used for converting input alternating voltage into direct voltage and supplying the direct voltage to the inverter circuit for use; the inverter circuit is used for converting direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage; the electromagnetic conversion device mainly comprises a cable, a connector and a conversion part, wherein the conversion part comprises a shell, a coil, a magnetizer, a protection layer and a filling layer, the protection layer is covered on the magnetizer, the coil is wound on the protection layer, the magnetizer, the protection layer and the coil are positioned in the shell, the filling layer is filled between the coil and the shell, two ends of the magnetizer extend out of the shell, the coil is connected with the cable through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is positioned in the shell; the output is provided with an interface for connecting with a cable of the electromagnetic conversion device by adopting an aviation plug or a quick connector.

The end part of the magnetizer extending out of the shell is sequentially provided with a bonding layer and a soaking layer, and the protective layer is positioned outside the soaking layer.

The shape of the magnetizer is a Chinese character kou shape with one end open.

The magnetic conductor is iron-based amorphous alloy, iron-nickel-based amorphous alloy, cobalt-based amorphous alloy, iron-based nanocrystalline alloy or ferrite core.

The ferrite core is selected from PC40 and PC44 soft magnetic ferrite cores.

The protective layer is made of epoxy resin, rubber, ceramic or bonding adhesive.

The soaking layer is an alumina ceramic plate.

The shell is made of epoxy resin, glass fiber nylon or plastic.

The filling layer is made of rubber.

The cable is a two-core copper cable or a multi-core high-frequency cable; the coil is a copper wire or a multi-core high-frequency wire.

The rectification filter circuit structure adopts full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification. If the input voltage is a direct current voltage, the rectifying and filtering circuit can be omitted or reserved.

The inverter circuit topology structure adopts a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit.

The inverter circuit comprises a zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit, wherein the zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit consists of a power supply circuit, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit, an isolated driving circuit and an operation key, and the Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit is respectively connected with the power supply circuit, the isolated driving circuit and the operation key;

The power supply circuit adopts a linear transformer power supply or a switch type power supply;

the micro control unit MCU circuit adopts an AVR or ARM singlechip, and is used for receiving the instruction of the operation key and sending a working signal to the isolation type driving circuit after being processed by the micro control unit MCU circuit;

the isolation type driving circuit adopts any one of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit;

the operation key is used for modifying and adjusting circuit parameters and sending working instructions to the MCU circuit.

The inverter circuit also comprises a display, wherein the display is connected with the MCU circuit and used for displaying the working state of the circuit; the display adopts an LED nixie tube, a liquid crystal nixie tube, a dot matrix liquid crystal screen, a black-and-white liquid crystal screen or a color liquid crystal screen, and if the display is canceled, the circuit operation cannot be influenced, so that the display can be omitted or an indicator lamp can be used for replacing the circuit operation.

The power supply circuit is a resistor Rong Qiebo voltage stabilizing circuit and mainly comprises a filtering resistor-capacitor circuit, a rectification cut-wave circuit and an energy storage circuit, wherein the circuit connection relation is as follows: the filtering resistance-capacitance circuit is connected with the mains supply, the two ends of the output of the filtering resistance-capacitance circuit are connected with the rectification cut-wave circuit, and the positive output end and the negative output end of the rectification cut-wave circuit are connected with the positive end and the negative end of the energy storage circuit in parallel.

The filtering resistor-capacitor circuit comprises an L pole, an N pole, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, wherein the L pole and the N pole are respectively connected with a live wire and a zero wire of a mains supply, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R4 are connected in parallel with the two ends of the L pole and the N pole, the capacitor C2 plays a role in filtering, the resistor R4 discharges charges stored by the capacitor under the condition of power failure, the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistor, and the equivalent resistor and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form the RC resistor-capacitor circuit. The equivalent resistor formed by the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 in parallel connection has smaller error and better heat dissipation compared with a single resistor, the capacitor C2 is a voltage-reducing capacitor, and the capacitance Xc=1/(2pi fc).

The rectification and switching circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a full-wave rectification bridge D3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor Q2, wherein the alternating current input ends of the full-wave rectification bridge D3 are connected with the output ends of a filtering resistor-capacitor circuit, the output ends of the full-wave rectification bridge D3 are a positive end and a negative end, the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R8 in series, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the grid electrode of the thyristor Q1 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R8, the anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with one end of a live wire at two ends of the alternating current input of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, one end of the positive end of the resistor R9 is connected with the full-wave rectification bridge D3, and the positive end of the thyristor Q9 is connected with the full-wave rectification bridge D3 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge Q2.

The energy storage circuit comprises a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R7, wherein the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the rectification cut-off circuit, and the resistor R7 discharges charges stored by the capacitor under the condition of power failure.

Working principle: when the positive half period of alternating current is applied to the live wire ends at the two input ends of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the voltage at the positive output end of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 starts to rise, when the voltage rises to the withstand voltage value of the zener diode D1, the zener diode D1 breaks down, current flows through the resistor R5 and the resistor R8, and voltage is generated at the two ends of the resistor R8, so that the thyristor Q1 is conducted, at the moment, live wire current flows to a zero line through the thyristor Q1 and the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, an RC resistance-capacitance circuit is equivalently formed by the capacitor C1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 and is connected to the two ends of the input voltage, and the voltage on the fire wire drops, so that the voltage of VCC is equal to the withstand voltage value of the zener diode D1, and the voltage stabilizing effect is achieved. Similarly, when the positive half period of alternating current is applied to the zero line end at the two input ends of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the voltage at the positive output end of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 starts to rise, when the voltage rises to the withstand voltage value of the zener diode D2, the zener diode D2 is broken down, current flows through the resistor R6 and the resistor R9, and voltage is generated at the two ends of the resistor R9, so that the thyristor Q2 is conducted, at the moment, zero line current flows to the live wire through the thyristor Q2 and the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the RC resistor-capacitor circuit is equivalently formed by the capacitor C1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 and is connected to the two ends of the input voltage, and the voltage on the zero line is reduced, so that the voltage of VCC is equal to the withstand voltage value of the zener diode D1, and the voltage stabilizing effect is achieved.

The micro control unit MCU circuit comprises an isolating switch circuit, a signal conversion circuit, a voltage detection circuit and an MCU chip, wherein the circuit connection relation is as follows: the MCU chip is respectively connected with the isolating switch circuit, the signal conversion circuit and the voltage detection circuit.

The isolating switch circuit comprises an interface P1, a resistor R2, an integrated block U1 and a capacitor C1, wherein the input end of the isolating switch circuit is connected with a key control signal, the output end of the isolating switch circuit is connected with a 2 nd pin of the MCU chip, the 2 nd pin of the interface P1, the resistor R2 and the 1 st pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in series, the 1 st pin of the interface P1 and the 2 nd pin of the integrated block U1 are grounded, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series and then connected to the positive end and the negative end of a power supply, the 3 th pin and the 4 th pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the MCU chip.

The signal conversion circuit comprises a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, an interface P3, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4, wherein the input end of the signal conversion circuit is connected with a sensor signal, the output end of the signal conversion circuit is connected with

pins

13, 20, 21 and 22 of an MCU chip, the diode D4, the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected in series, the diode D5, the diode D8 and the diode D10 are connected in series, the cathodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5 are connected, and the anodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10 are connected and then grounded; the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the diode D6; the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with

pins

13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip; the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 is connected with the 9 th pin of the MCU chip; the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 are connected in series and then connected with the cathodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10, and the middle point of the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 after being connected in series is connected with the anode of the power supply; the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P3 are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5; the cathodes of the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected with

pins

40, 41 and 42 of the MCU chip.

The voltage detection circuit comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9 and a capacitor C3, wherein the input end of the voltage detection circuit is connected with a detected power supply, and the output end of the voltage detection circuit is connected with an 18 th pin of the MCU chip; the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, the capacitor C3 is connected with the resistor R9 in parallel, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip.

The MCU chip adopts STM32 series single chip microcomputer produced by an Italian semiconductor company,

pins

5 and 6 of the chip are connected with a crystal oscillator Y1, cathodes of a diode D1, a diode D2 and a diode D3 are connected and then grounded, anodes of the chips are respectively connected with a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6 in series, and the other ends of the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are respectively connected with

pins

10, 11 and 12 of the MCU chip;

pins

26 and 29 of the MCU chip are respectively connected with

pins

1 and 2 of the interface P4,

pins

31 and 37 of the MCU chip are connected with pin 4 of the interface P2,

pins

30, 34 and 38 of the MCU chip are connected with pin 3 of the interface P2, pin 44 of the MCU chip is connected with pin 2 of the interface P2, the resistor R3 is connected with

pins

1 and 2 of the interface P2 in parallel, and

pins

1 and 5 of the interface P2 are respectively connected with the negative end and the positive end of a power supply.

The operation process comprises the following steps: after the circuit is electrified, the MCU circuit is in a standby state, and the power indicator lamp D1 is on. When the interface P1 receives a high level, the singlechip enters a program to work, the running state lamp diode D3 is on, the 1 pin and the 2 pin of the interface P4 output square waves, the phase difference of the two square waves is 180 degrees, and the square waves are sent into the isolation type driving circuit. The sensor acquisition signal is fed back to the pin P3 of the MCU circuit interface. The MCU circuit obtains signals and then feeds back the indicator light diode D2 to be on, and the duty ratio and the frequency of the PWM1 and the PWM2 are adjusted according to the feedback signals, so that power adjustment and phase adjustment are realized.

The integrated circuit U1 specifically refers to a chip with the model number stm32f101, stm32f301 or stm32f 401.

The isolation type driving circuit mainly comprises a driver circuit, a signal isolation circuit, a level conversion circuit and a protection circuit, wherein: the input end of the driver circuit is connected with the signal source, the output end of the driver circuit is connected with the input end of the signal isolation circuit, the output end of the signal isolation circuit is connected with the input end of the level conversion circuit, and the output end of the level conversion circuit is connected with the protection circuit; the ground wire of the signal source is connected with the ground wires of the primary sides of the driver circuit and the signal isolation circuit, and the ground wire of the secondary side of the signal isolation circuit is connected with the ground wires of the level conversion circuit and the protection circuit.

The driver circuit adopts a driving chip IR2101S or a driving chip IR2010S; the driver circuit comprises a driving chip S1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, wherein one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a signal source, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a second pin of the driving chip S1, a first pin and an eighth pin of the driving chip S1 are connected with a power supply VCC1, and a fourth pin and a sixth pin of the driving chip S1 are connected with a ground wire GND1; the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with a seventh pin of the driving chip S1, and one end of the resistor R6 is grounded to the ground GND1; the midpoint of the series connection of resistor R5 and resistor R6 is the output of the driver circuit.

The resistor R4 is a current limiting resistor, and the resistance depends on the level voltage value of the signal source.

The resistor R5 is a gate driving resistor, and the resistance value is dependent on the gate capacitance of the driven MOS transistor.

The resistor R6 is a gate pull-down resistor, and is used for preventing erroneous conduction caused by static charge accumulation at the gate of the MOS tube under the condition that no driving signal exists.

The driving chip S1 is selected to select one-way driving, two-way driving or multi-way driving according to actual needs.

The signal isolation circuit mainly comprises an isolation transformer T1, an MOS tube Q1 and a freewheeling diode D3, wherein the isolation transformer T1 comprises three windings, specifically two primary windings and one secondary winding; the two primary windings are provided with a common end, so that the primary winding is provided with three taps, the first tap is connected with a power supply VCC2, the second tap which is the common end is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q1, and the third tap is connected with the cathode of a freewheeling diode D3; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the second tap of the isolation transformer T1, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the driver circuit, and the source electrode is grounded; the negative electrode of the freewheel diode D3 is connected with a third tap of the isolation transformer T1, and the positive electrode is grounded; the ground wire of the signal isolation circuit is connected with the ground wire of the driver circuit.

The level conversion circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1, wherein the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel and then connected with the resistor R1 in series, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R3 connected in parallel are connected with one end of the signal isolation circuit, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the signal isolation circuit, the capacitor C1 is connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 in parallel, current at the output end of the signal isolation circuit flows through the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and voltage signals are generated at the two ends of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3. C1 is used to filter high frequency ripple.

The protection circuit consists of two TVS transient suppression diodes, the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D2, and the two anodes are connected with the output end of the level conversion circuit in parallel. When the output signal has surge, the TVS tube can be effectively filtered to ensure the neatness of the output PWMOUT1 driving waveform.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in the invention, an interface is arranged on the output of a high-frequency generator circuit and is used for connecting a cable of an electromagnetic conversion device by adopting an aviation plug or a quick connector; thus, the device is conveniently connected with the electromagnetic conversion device into a whole to form a complete railway anchor heating device, and the railway anchor heating device has the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion, and the induction heating effect is ideal through practical verification.

2. The high-frequency generator circuit mainly comprises a rectification filter circuit, an inverter circuit and an output, wherein the rectification filter circuit is used for converting input alternating voltage into direct voltage so as to supply the inverter circuit for use, the rectification filter circuit structure can adopt full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification, the selection is flexible in the prior art, and if the input voltage is the direct voltage, the rectification filter circuit can be omitted or reserved; the inverter circuit has the function of converting direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage, the topological structure of the inverter circuit can adopt a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit, and a proper inverter circuit can be selected randomly from the prior art; the output is provided with an interface, which can be connected with an inductive load, the load can be equivalent to an inductor, the inductor and a capacitor in the half-bridge inverter circuit form LC resonance, the connectable load has various forms, such as an air core inductor, an inductor wound on a metal workpiece, an inductor wound on a magnetizer, an inductor wound on a transformer, an inductor wound on a conductor and the like, and the electromagnetic conversion device is the inductive load.

Therefore, the high-frequency generator circuit can be realized by adopting a conventional circuit, can realize the technical effect of converting alternating current or direct current into high-frequency alternating current, and can be widely applied to the technical fields of electric induction heating, switching power supply, radio emission, wireless charging, electric welding machines and the like; the circuit design is succinct, stable and reliable, adopts full digital signal processing process, and the circuit uses in a flexible way, and is efficient.

3. The power supply circuit adopted in the invention is a resistor Rong Qiebo voltage stabilizing circuit which mainly comprises a filtering resistor-capacitor circuit, a rectifying and chopping circuit and an energy storage circuit, and the resistor Rong Qiebo voltage stabilizing circuit is composed of passive devices, has simple structure and high reliability, and has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, wide input voltage range, stable output voltage and the like compared with the traditional non-isolated voltage stabilizing power supply.

4. In the invention, the adopted isolation type driving circuit isolates the driving signals of the transformers in two paths, so that the waveform is better and the efficiency is higher; the adaptive input voltage range is wide, stable and reliable; the device can be applied to electric induction heating, a switching power supply, wireless charging and the like; the isolation type driving circuit realizes signal transmission and amplification, realizes isolation of input signals and output signals, and can be used for driving switching tubes which are in common ground or not, such as driving switching tubes in a half-bridge topological structure or a full-bridge topological structure. Compared with the traditional isolation driving, the circuit is simpler, low in cost and high in reliability. Compared with the optocoupler type isolation driving, the response speed is faster.

5. The invention discloses a zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit which consists of a power supply circuit, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit, an isolated driving circuit and an operation key. The reference points of the driving voltages of the upper switching tube and the lower switching tube in the half-bridge circuit are different, so that a non-common-ground driving mode is needed, and the isolation type driving circuit can enable the circuit to be more reliable and prevent the circuit from being triggered by mistake due to the fluctuation of ground wire voltage caused by electromagnetic interference.

6. Compared with the prior art, when current passes through the coil, the magnetizer can concentrate the magnetic field generated by electricity in the magnetizer, and when alternating current flows through the coil, the direction and the size of the magnetic field are continuously changed, namely, an alternating magnetic field is generated. When the conductor is in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor generates induced current, so the device can be used for electric energy transmission or electric energy conversion; if an independent conductor is placed in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor can generate eddy current effect and rapidly generate heat under the action of eddy current, so that the device can also be used for electric induction heating to heat the conductor with any shape.

7. The bonding layer and the soaking layer are sequentially arranged at the end part of the magnetizer extending out of the shell, and the protective layer is arranged outside the soaking layer.

8. The shape of the magnetizer is a square shape with one end open, and the ferrite magnetic cores are PC40 and PC44 soft magnetic ferrite magnetic cores, so that the heating effect is better in the structural form.

9. The protective layer is made of epoxy resin, rubber, ceramic, bonding adhesive and other materials, so that the damage of the magnetizer can be effectively prevented; the shell is made of epoxy resin, glass fiber nylon or plastic, and the like, and after the coil and the magnetizer are wound, the shell is required to protect and encapsulate the coil and the magnetizer, so that the coil and the magnetizer are convenient to use; the filling layer is filled with rubber, so that the coil can be waterproof and protected.

Drawings

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and detailed description, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a railway anchor heating apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a high frequency generator circuit;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a voltage regulator circuit of resistor Rong Qiebo;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a resistor Rong Qiebo voltage regulator circuit;

fig. 5 is a block diagram of an inverter circuit;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a zero voltage switching half bridge control circuit;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the MCU circuit;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the MCU circuit;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an isolated drive circuit;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an isolated drive circuit;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a notch-shaped magnetizer;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a linear magnetizer.

The marks in the figure:

100. a high-frequency generator circuit 101, a magnetizer 102, a protective layer 103, an adhesive layer 104, a soaking layer 105, a cable 106, a shell 107, a filling layer 108, a coil 109, a connector 110 and a plug;

201. The device comprises a rectifying and filtering circuit 202, an inverter circuit 203, an output 2021, an isolated driving circuit 2022, a power supply circuit 2023, a micro-control unit MCU circuit 2024, a display 2025 and operation keys;

301. the device comprises a filtering resistance-capacitance circuit 302, a rectification cut-wave circuit 303 and an energy storage circuit;

401. the zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit, 2021, the isolated driving circuit, 2022, the power supply circuit, 2023, the micro-control unit MCU circuit, 2025 and the operation key;

4011. the circuit comprises an isolating switch circuit 4012, a signal conversion circuit 4013, a voltage detection circuit 4014 and an MCU chip;

2021. an isolation type driving circuit 501, a driver circuit 502, a signal isolation circuit 503, a level shift circuit 504, and a protection circuit.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating device is disclosed, which comprises a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, wherein the high-frequency generator circuit comprises a rectifying and filtering circuit 201, an inverter circuit 202 and an output 203, and the circuit connection relationship is as follows: the rectification filter circuit 201 is connected to the mains supply, the positive end and the negative end of the output of the rectification filter circuit 201 are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the inverter circuit 202, and the inverter circuit 202 is connected with the output; the rectifying and filtering circuit 201 is configured to convert an input ac voltage into a dc voltage, and supply the dc voltage to the inverter circuit 202; the inverter circuit 202 is used to convert the dc voltage into a high frequency ac voltage. The output is provided with an interface which can be connected with an inductive load, the load can be equivalent to an inductor, and the inductor and a capacitor in the half-bridge inverter circuit 202 form LC resonance. The available load forms are various, such as air core inductance, inductance wound around a metal workpiece, inductance wound around a magnetizer, inductance wound around a transformer, inductance wound around a conductor, and the like. The electromagnetic conversion device is an inductive load. The rectification filter circuit 201 adopts full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification. If the input voltage is a dc voltage, the rectifying and filtering circuit 201 may be omitted or may be reserved. The topology of the inverter circuit 202 adopts a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit.

The electromagnetic conversion device mainly comprises a cable 105, a connector 109 and a conversion part, wherein the conversion part comprises a shell 106, a coil 108, a magnetizer 101, a protective layer 102 and a filling layer 107, the protective layer 102 is covered on the magnetizer 101, the coil 108 is wound on the protective layer 102, the magnetizer 101, the protective layer 102 and the coil 108 are positioned in the shell 106, the filling layer 107 is filled between the coil 108 and the shell 106, two ends of the magnetizer 101 extend out of the shell 106, the coil 108 is connected with the cable 105 through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is positioned in the shell 106.

In this example, as shown in fig. 13 of the specification, the magnetizer 101 is in a straight shape. The magnetic field direction is transverse to the in-line magnetizer 101.

The output is provided with an interface for connecting with a cable of the electromagnetic conversion device by adopting an aviation plug or a quick connector.

Example 2

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, wherein: the inverter circuit 202 comprises a zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit 401, wherein the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit 401 comprises a power supply circuit 2022, a micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023, an isolated driving circuit 2021 and an operation key 2025, and the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023 is respectively connected with the power supply circuit 2022, the isolated driving circuit 2021 and the operation key 2025; the power supply circuit 2022 adopts a linear transformer power supply or a switch mode power supply; the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023 adopts an AVR or ARM single chip microcomputer, and is used for receiving the instruction of the operation key 2025, and sending a working signal to the isolation type driving circuit 2021 after being processed by the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023; the isolation type driving circuit 2021 adopts any one of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit; the operation key 2025 is used for modifying and adjusting circuit parameters, and sending working instructions to the MCU circuit 2023.

Example 3

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, wherein: the inverter circuit 202 comprises a zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit 401, wherein the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit 401 comprises a power supply circuit 2022, a micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023, an isolated driving circuit 2021 and an operation key 2025, and the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023 is respectively connected with the power supply circuit 2022, the isolated driving circuit 2021 and the operation key 2025; the power supply circuit 2022 adopts a linear transformer power supply or a switch mode power supply; the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023 adopts an AVR or ARM single chip microcomputer, and is used for receiving the instruction of the operation key 2025, and sending a working signal to the isolation type driving circuit 2021 after being processed by the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023; the isolation type driving circuit 2021 adopts any one of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit; the operation key 2025 is used for modifying and adjusting circuit parameters, and sending working instructions to the MCU circuit 2023. The inverter circuit 202 further comprises a display 2024, the display 2024 is connected with the micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023, and the display 2024 is used for displaying the working state of the circuit; the display 2024 is an LED nixie tube, a liquid crystal nixie tube, a dot matrix liquid crystal screen, a black-and-white liquid crystal screen or a color liquid crystal screen, and if the display 2024 is omitted, the circuit operation is not affected, so that the display 2024 can be omitted or an indicator lamp can be used instead.

Isolation type driving circuit 2021: the reference points of the driving voltages of the upper switching tube and the lower switching tube in the half-bridge circuit are different, so that a non-common-ground driving mode is needed. The isolation type driver circuit 2021 can make the circuit more reliable, and prevent the circuit from being erroneously triggered due to the fluctuation of the ground voltage caused by electromagnetic interference. The isolation type driver circuit 2021 can be divided into two types, namely, an optocoupler isolation type and a transformer isolation type, and any type of isolation type can be used in the present design.

Example 4

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, wherein: the power supply circuit 2022 is a resistor Rong Qiebo voltage stabilizing circuit and mainly comprises a filtering resistor-capacitor circuit 301, a rectifying and chopping circuit 302 and an energy storage circuit 303, wherein the circuit connection relation is as follows; the filter resistor-capacitor circuit 301 is connected to the mains supply, two output ends of the filter resistor-capacitor circuit 301 are connected to the rectification cut-wave circuit 302, and two positive and negative output ends of the rectification cut-wave circuit 302 are connected in parallel to the positive and negative ends of the energy storage circuit 303.

The filter resistor-capacitor circuit 301 includes an L pole, an N pole, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, where the L pole and the N pole are respectively connected to a live wire and a zero wire of the mains supply, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R4 are connected in parallel to two ends of the L pole and the N pole, the capacitor C2 plays a role in filtering, the resistor R4 discharges charges stored in the capacitor under the power-off condition, and the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistor, and the equivalent resistor and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form an RC resistor-capacitor circuit. The equivalent resistor formed by the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 in parallel connection has smaller error and better heat dissipation compared with a single resistor, the capacitor C2 is a voltage-reducing capacitor, and the capacitance Xc=1/(2pi fc).

The rectification and switching circuit 302 comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a full-wave rectification bridge D3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor Q2, wherein two ends of an alternating current input of the full-wave rectification bridge D3 are connected with an output end of the filtering resistor capacitance circuit 301, the full-wave rectification bridge D3 is output into a positive end and a negative end, the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R8 in series, a negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, a grid electrode of the thyristor Q1 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R8, an anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with one end of a fire wire at two ends of an alternating current input of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, a cathode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected with the resistor R6 and the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, one end of the thyristor Q9 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, and the negative end of the thyristor Q2 is connected with the full-wave rectification bridge Q2 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3.

The energy storage circuit 303 includes a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, and a resistor R7, where the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the rectifying and chopping circuit 302, and the resistor R7 discharges the electric charge stored in the capacitor under the power-off condition.

Example 5

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, wherein: the MCU circuit 2023 includes an isolation switch circuit 4011, a signal conversion circuit 4012, a voltage detection circuit 4013, and an MCU chip 4014, and the circuit connection relationships thereof are: the MCU chip 4014 is connected to the isolation switch circuit 4011, the signal conversion circuit 4012, and the voltage detection circuit 4013, respectively.

The isolating switch circuit 4011 comprises an interface P1, a resistor R2, an integrated block U1 and a capacitor C1, wherein the input end of the isolating switch circuit 4011 is connected with a key control signal, the output end of the isolating switch circuit is connected with a 2 nd pin of the MCU chip 4014, the 2 nd pin of the interface P1, the resistor R2 and the 1 st pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in series, the 1 st pin of the interface P1 and the 2 nd pin of the integrated block U1 are grounded, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series and then connected with the positive end and the negative end of a power supply, the 3 th pin and the 4 th pin of the integrated block U1 are connected with the capacitor C1 in parallel, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the MCU chip 4014.

The signal conversion circuit 4012 comprises a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, an interface P3, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4, wherein the input end of the signal conversion circuit 4012 is connected with a sensor signal, the output end of the signal conversion circuit 4012 is connected with pins 13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip 4014, the diode D4, the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected in series, the diode D5, the diode D8 and the diode D10 are connected in series, the cathodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5 are connected, and the anodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10 are connected and then grounded; the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the diode D6; the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with pins 13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip 4014; the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 is connected with the 9 th pin of the MCU chip 4014; the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 are connected in series and then connected with the cathodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10, and the middle point of the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 after being connected in series is connected with the anode of the power supply; the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P3 are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5; the cathodes of the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected with pins 40, 41 and 42 of the MCU chip 4014.

The voltage detection circuit 4013 comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9 and a capacitor C3, wherein the input end of the voltage detection circuit 4013 is connected with a detected power supply, and the output end of the voltage detection circuit 4013 is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip 4014; the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, the capacitor C3 is connected with the resistor R9 in parallel, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip 4014.

The MCU chip 4014 adopts STM32 series single chip microcomputer produced by an Italian semiconductor company, the

pins

5 and 6 are connected with the crystal oscillator Y1, the cathodes of the diode D1, the diode D2 and the diode D3 are connected and then grounded, the anodes are respectively connected with the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 in series, and the other ends of the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are respectively connected with the 10 th pin, the 11 th pin and the 12 th pin of the MCU chip 4014; pins 26 and 29 of the MCU chip 4014 are respectively connected with

pins

1 and 2 of the interface P4, pins 31 and 37 of the MCU chip 4014 are connected with pin 4 of the interface P2, pins 30, 34 and 38 of the MCU chip 4014 are connected with pin 3 of the interface P2, pin 44 of the MCU chip 4014 is connected with pin 2 of the interface P2, the resistor R3 is connected with

pins

1 and 2 of the interface P2 in parallel, and pins 1 and 5 of the interface P2 are respectively connected with the negative end and the positive end of a power supply.

The operation process comprises the following steps: after the circuit is electrified, the micro control unit MCU 2023 is in a standby state, and the power indicator D1 is on. When the interface P1 receives a high level, the singlechip enters a program to work, the running state lamp diode D3 is on, the 1 pin and the 2 pin of the interface P4 output square waves, the phase difference of the two square waves is 180 degrees, and the square waves are sent into the isolation type driving circuit 2021. The sensor acquisition signal is fed back to the pin P3 of the interface of the MCU 2023. The micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 obtains the signal and then feeds back the indication lamp diode D2 to be on, and adjusts the duty ratio and the frequency of the PWM1 and the PWM2 according to the feedback signal, thereby realizing power adjustment and phase adjustment.

Example 6

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, wherein: the isolation type driving circuit 2021 is mainly composed of a driver circuit 501, a signal isolation circuit 502, a level shift circuit 503, and a protection circuit 504, wherein: an input end of the driver circuit 501 is connected with a signal source, an output end of the driver circuit 501 is connected with an input end of the signal isolation circuit 502, an output end of the signal isolation circuit 502 is connected with an input end of the level conversion circuit 503, and an output end of the level conversion circuit 503 is connected with the protection circuit 504; the ground line of the signal source is connected with the ground lines of the primary sides of the driver circuit 501 and the signal isolation circuit 502, and the ground line of the secondary side of the signal isolation circuit 502 is connected with the ground lines of the level conversion circuit 503 and the protection circuit 504.

The driver circuit 501 adopts a driving chip IR2101S or a driving chip IR2010S; the driver circuit 501 comprises a driving chip S1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, wherein one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a signal source, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a second pin of the driving chip S1, first and eighth pins of the driving chip S1 are connected with a power supply VCC1, and fourth and sixth pins of the driving chip S1 are connected with a ground line GND1; the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with a seventh pin of the driving chip S1, and one end of the resistor R6 is grounded to the ground GND1; the midpoint of the series connection of resistor R5 and resistor R6 is the output of driver circuit 501.

The signal isolation circuit 502 mainly comprises an isolation transformer T1, an MOS tube Q1 and a freewheeling diode D3, wherein the isolation transformer T1 comprises three windings, specifically two primary windings and one secondary winding; the two primary windings are provided with a common end, so that the primary winding is provided with three taps, the first tap is connected with a power supply VCC2, the second tap which is the common end is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q1, and the third tap is connected with the cathode of a freewheeling diode D3; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a second tap of the isolation transformer T1, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the driver circuit 501, and the source electrode is grounded; the negative electrode of the freewheel diode D3 is connected with a third tap of the isolation transformer T1, and the positive electrode is grounded; the ground of the signal isolation circuit 502 is connected to the ground of the driver circuit 501.

The level conversion circuit 503 comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1, wherein the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R3 connected in parallel are connected with one end of the signal isolation circuit 502, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the signal isolation circuit 502, the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the current at the output end of the signal isolation circuit 502 flows through the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 to generate voltage signals at two ends of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3. C1 is used to filter high frequency ripple.

The protection circuit 504 is composed of two TVS transient suppression diodes, the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D2, and the two anodes are connected in parallel to the output end of the level conversion circuit 503. When the output signal has surge, the TVS tube can be effectively filtered to ensure the neatness of the output PWMOUT1 driving waveform.

Example 7

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion apparatus, wherein: the shape of the magnetizer 101 is a square shape as shown in fig. 12, and a ring magnetic field is formed in the square-shaped magnetizer 101 with respect to the square-shaped magnetizer 101, and the magnetic field strength is related to the magnitude and direction of current.

Example 8

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a railway anchor heating apparatus is disclosed, comprising a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, the electromagnetic conversion device mainly consisting of two parts, a coil 108 and a magnetizer 101.

Coil 108: the coil 108 can be made of common copper wires, and if the coil is used for high-frequency alternating current, a plurality of enameled wires can be used for forming a high-frequency wire, so that the surface area of the conductor is increased, and the loss caused by skin effect is reduced.

Magnetizer 101: the magnetizer 101 may be an iron-based amorphous alloy, an iron-nickel-based amorphous alloy, a cobalt-based amorphous alloy, an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy, a ferrite core, or the like. The higher the magnetic flux of the magnetizer 101 in an electric induction heating application, the higher the efficiency and the lower the losses.

When a current flows through the coil 108, a magnetic field (a space around the magnet having a magnetic force effect) is generated around the wire of the coil 108, and a magnetic field is also generated in the internal space around which the wire of the coil 108 is wound. The magnetizer 101 can concentrate the magnetic field generated by electricity inside the magnetizer 101, and different magnetic loops are formed according to the different structures of the magnetizer 101, for example, two structural forms in fig. 12 or 13:

in fig. 12, a toroidal magnetic field is formed in the notch-shaped magnetizer 101, and the magnetic field strength is related to the magnitude and direction of the current. In fig. 13, the magnetic field direction is transverse. When an alternating current is passed through the coil 108, the magnetic field direction and the magnetic field magnitude will be constantly changed, i.e. an alternating magnetic field is generated. When the conductor is subjected to the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will generate an induced current. The device can thus be used for power transmission or power conversion. If a separate conductor is placed in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will generate eddy current effect and heat up rapidly under the action of eddy current. The device can thus also be used for electric induction heating.

Example 9

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high frequency generator circuit adopts any of the above embodiments, and the electromagnetic conversion device has the following structure to obtain a better effect:

magnetizer 101: the magnetic field generated by the coil 108 is concentrated to form a magnetic loop, and the magnetic permeability of the PC40 and PC44 materials is high, so that the heat is small. When alternating current flows through the coil 108, a strong alternating magnetic field is generated at the notch of the notch-shaped magnetizer 101.

Protective layer 102: and epoxy resin, rubber, ceramic, bonding adhesive and other materials are adopted. The magnetizer 101 is made of a high-hardness brittle material, and the protective layer 102 can effectively prevent the magnetizer 101 from being damaged.

Adhesive layer 103: bonding the soaking material to the magnetic conductor 101

Soaking layer 104: a thermally conductive material such as alumina ceramic wafer is used. Most of the magnetizers 101 are brittle, and when the magnetizers are heated unevenly, the magnetizers are easy to crack, and the soaking layer 104 is added to homogenize the temperature, so that the magnetizers 101 are prevented from being cracked.

Cable 105: two-core copper cables or multi-core high frequency cables.

The housing 106: and after the winding of the coil 108 and the magnetizer 101 is completed by adopting epoxy resin, glass fiber nylon or plastic, the coil 108 and the magnetizer are required to be protected and packaged, and the use is convenient.

Filling layer 107: with rubber potting, the coil 108 can be waterproof and protected

Coil 108: copper wires or multi-core high-frequency wires are adopted.

Connector 109: the connection of the cable 105 to the coil 108.

Plug 110: aviation plug or quick-operation joint, make things convenient for the cable to be connected with the high frequency generator.

Connection relation: the magnetizer 101 is the innermost layer, an adhesive layer 103 is formed by coating an adhesive material on the opening of the magnetizer 101, and a soaking piece is attached to the adhesive layer 103. After the bonding material is completely cured, the magnetizer 101, the bonding layer 103, and the soaking layer 104 form a whole. A protective layer 102 is applied to the outside of this whole. A coil 108 is wound around the protective layer 102, and the outgoing line of the coil 108 is connected to the cable 105 via a connector 109. The coil 108 is externally provided with a filling layer 107. The outer layer of the filling layer 107 is the outer shell 106. The electromagnetic conversion device is composed of a magnetizer 101, a protective layer 102, a coil 108 layer, a filling layer 107 and a shell 106 from inside to outside. The cable 105 has one end connected to the connector 109 and the other end connected to the plug 110.

When an electric current is passed through the coil 108, the magnetizer 101 can concentrate the magnetic field generated by the electric current inside the magnetizer 101. When an alternating current is passed through the coil 108, the magnetic field direction and the magnetic field magnitude will be constantly changed, i.e. an alternating magnetic field is generated. If a separate conductor is placed in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will generate eddy current effect and heat up rapidly under the action of eddy current. Therefore, the device can also be used for electric induction heating to heat conductors with arbitrary shapes.

Claims

1. A railway anchor heating device, characterized in that: comprises a high frequency generator circuit (100) and an electromagnetic conversion device; the high frequency generator circuit (100) includes: the rectification filter circuit (201), the inverter circuit (202) and the output are connected in a circuit connection way: the rectification filter circuit (201) is connected to the mains supply, the positive end and the negative end of the output of the rectification filter circuit (201) are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the inverter circuit (202), and the inverter circuit (202) is connected with the output; the rectification filter circuit (201) is used for converting input alternating voltage into direct voltage and supplying the direct voltage to the inverter circuit (202); the inverter circuit (202) is used for converting direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage; the electromagnetic conversion device mainly comprises a cable (105), a connector (109) and a conversion part, wherein the conversion part comprises a shell (106), a coil (108), a magnetizer (101), a protection layer (102) and a filling layer (107), the protection layer (102) is covered on the magnetizer (101), the coil (108) is wound on the protection layer (102), the magnetizer (101), the protection layer (102) and the coil (108) are positioned in the shell (106), the filling layer (107) is filled between the coil (108) and the shell (106), two ends of the magnetizer (101) extend out of the shell (106), the coil (108) is connected with the cable (105) through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is positioned in the shell (106); the output is provided with an interface for connecting with a cable (105) of the electromagnetic conversion device by adopting an aviation plug (110) or a quick connector.

2. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein: an adhesive layer (103) and a soaking layer (104) are sequentially arranged at the end part of the magnetizer (101) extending out of the shell (106), and the protective layer (102) is positioned outside the soaking layer (104).

3. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein: the inverter circuit (202) comprises a zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit (401), wherein the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit (401) consists of a power supply circuit (2022), a Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit (2023), an isolated driving circuit (2021) and an operation key (2025), and the Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit (2023) is respectively connected with the power supply circuit (2022), the isolated driving circuit (2021) and the operation key (2025); the power supply circuit (2022) adopts a linear transformer power supply or a switch type power supply; the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) adopts an AVR or ARM single chip microcomputer, the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) is used for receiving the instruction of the operation key (2025), and the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) is used for processing and then sending a working signal to the isolation type driving circuit (2021); the isolation type driving circuit (2021) adopts any one of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit; the operation key (2025) is used for modifying and adjusting circuit parameters and sending working instructions to the MCU circuit (2023); the inverter circuit (202) further comprises a display (2024), the display (2024) is connected with the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023), and the display (2024) is used for displaying the working state of the circuit.

4. A railway anchor heating apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the power supply circuit (2022) is a resistor Rong Qiebo voltage stabilizing circuit, and mainly comprises a filtering resistor-capacitor circuit (301), a rectifying and chopping circuit (302) and an energy storage circuit (303), wherein the circuit connection relation is as follows: the filter resistor-capacitor circuit (301) is connected to the mains supply, the output two ends of the filter resistor-capacitor circuit (301) are connected with the rectification cut-wave circuit (302), and the positive output two ends and the negative output two ends of the rectification cut-wave circuit (302) are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the energy storage circuit (303).

5. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 4 wherein: the filter resistor-capacitor circuit (301) comprises an L pole, an N pole, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, wherein the L pole and the N pole are respectively connected with a live wire and a zero wire of a mains supply, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R4 are connected in parallel with two ends of the L pole and the N pole, the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistor, and the equivalent resistor and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form an RC resistor-capacitor circuit.

6. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 5 wherein: the rectification and switching circuit (302) comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a full-wave rectification bridge D3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor Q2, wherein the alternating current input two ends of the full-wave rectification bridge D3 are connected with the output end of the filtering resistor-capacitor circuit (301), the full-wave rectification bridge D3 is output as a positive end and a negative end, the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R8 in series, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the grid electrode of the thyristor Q1 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R8, the anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with one end of a live wire at the two ends of the alternating current input of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected with the resistor R6 and the resistor R9 in series, the negative electrode of the full-wave rectification bridge D2 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, and the negative end of the thyristor Q2 is connected with the full-wave rectification bridge Q2 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectifier 2; the energy storage circuit (303) comprises a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R7, wherein the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the rectification and cutting circuit (302), and the resistor R7 discharges charges stored by the capacitor under the condition of power failure.

7. A railway anchor heating apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) comprises an isolating switch circuit (4011), a signal conversion circuit (4012), a voltage detection circuit (4013) and an MCU chip (4014), and the circuit connection relation is as follows: the MCU chip (4014) is respectively connected with the isolating switch circuit (4011), the signal conversion circuit (4012) and the voltage detection circuit (4013).

8. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 7 wherein: the isolating switch circuit (4011) comprises an interface P1, a resistor R2, an integrated block U1 and a capacitor C1, wherein the input end of the isolating switch circuit (4011) is connected with a key control signal, the output end of the isolating switch circuit is connected with a 2 nd pin of the MCU chip (4014), the 2 nd pin of the interface P1, the resistor R2 and the 1 pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in series, the 1 pin of the interface P1 and the 2 pin of the integrated block U1 are grounded, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series and then connected to the positive end and the negative end of a power supply, the 3 pin and the 4 pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, and the middle point of the series connection of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the MCU chip (4014);

the signal conversion circuit (4012) comprises a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, an interface P3, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4, wherein the input end of the signal conversion circuit (4012) is connected with a sensor signal, the output end of the signal conversion circuit is connected with pins 13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip (4014), the diode D4, the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected in series, the diode D5, the diode D8 and the diode D10 are connected in series, the cathodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5 are connected, and the anodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10 are connected and then grounded; the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the diode D6; the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with pins 13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip (4014); the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 is connected with the 9 th pin of the MCU chip (4014); the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 are connected in series and then connected with the cathodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10, and the middle point of the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 after being connected in series is connected with the anode of the power supply; the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P3 are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5; the cathodes of the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected with pins 40, 41 and 42 of the MCU chip (4014);

The voltage detection circuit (4013) comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9 and a capacitor C3, wherein the input end of the voltage detection circuit (4013) is connected with a detected power supply, and the output end of the voltage detection circuit is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip (4014); the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, the capacitor C3 is connected with the resistor R9 in parallel, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip (4014);

the MCU chip (4014) adopts STM32 series single chip microcomputer produced by an Italian semiconductor company, the pins 5 and 6 are connected with the crystal oscillator Y1, the cathodes of the diode D1, the diode D2 and the diode D3 are connected and then grounded, the anodes are respectively connected with the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 in series, and the other ends of the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are respectively connected with the 10 th pin, the 11 th pin and the 12 th pin of the MCU chip (4014); the 26 and 29 pins of the MCU chip (4014) are respectively connected with the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P4, the 31 and 37 pins of the MCU chip (4014) are connected with the 4 pin of the interface P2, the 30, 34 and 38 pins of the MCU chip (4014) are connected with the 3 pin of the interface P2, the 44 pin of the MCU chip (4014) is connected with the 2 pin of the interface P2, the resistor R3 is connected with the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P2 in parallel, and the 1 and 5 pins of the interface P2 are respectively connected with the negative end and the positive end of a power supply.

9. A railway anchor heating apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the isolation type driving circuit (2021) mainly comprises a driver circuit (501), a signal isolation circuit (502), a level conversion circuit (503) and a protection circuit (504), wherein: the input end of the driver circuit (501) is connected with a signal source, the output end of the driver circuit (501) is connected with the input end of the signal isolation circuit (502), the output end of the signal isolation circuit (502) is connected with the input end of the level conversion circuit (503), and the output end of the level conversion circuit (503) is connected with the protection circuit (504); the ground wire of the signal source is connected with the ground wires of the primary sides of the driver circuit (501) and the signal isolation circuit (502), and the ground wire of the secondary side of the signal isolation circuit (502) is connected with the ground wires of the level conversion circuit (503) and the protection circuit (504).

10. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 9 wherein: the driver circuit (501) adopts a driving chip IR2101S or a driving chip IR2010S; the driver circuit (501) comprises a driving chip S1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, wherein one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a signal source, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a second pin of the driving chip S1, a first pin and an eighth pin of the driving chip S1 are connected with a power supply VCC1, and a fourth pin and a sixth pin of the driving chip S1 are connected with a ground wire GND1; the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with a seventh pin of the driving chip S1, and one end of the resistor R6 is grounded to the ground GND1; the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 is the output end of the driver circuit (501);

the signal isolation circuit (502) mainly comprises an isolation transformer T1, an MOS tube Q1 and a freewheeling diode D3, wherein the isolation transformer T1 comprises three windings, specifically two primary windings and one secondary winding; the two primary windings are provided with a common end, so that the primary winding is provided with three taps, the first tap is connected with a power supply VCC2, the second tap which is the common end is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q1, and the third tap is connected with the cathode of a freewheeling diode D3; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a second tap of the isolation transformer T1, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the driver circuit (501), and the source electrode is grounded; the negative electrode of the freewheel diode D3 is connected with a third tap of the isolation transformer T1, and the positive electrode is grounded; the ground wire of the signal isolation circuit (502) is connected with the ground wire of the driver circuit (501);

The level conversion circuit (503) comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1, wherein the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel and then connected with the resistor R1 in series, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R3 which are connected in parallel are connected with one end of the signal isolation circuit (502), one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the signal isolation circuit (502), the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the current at the output end of the signal isolation circuit (502) flows through the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 to generate voltage signals at two ends of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3;

the protection circuit (504) is composed of two TVS transient suppression diodes, the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D2, and the two anodes are connected with the output end of the level conversion circuit (503) in parallel.