CN106098249B - Preparation method of silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material - Google Patents
Preparation method of silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Firstly, preparing graphite oxide into graphene, then respectively dissolving the graphene and silver nitrate into a manganese sulfate solution, then adding a potassium permanganate solution and acid, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain the silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nanomaterial. The manganese dioxide nanocrystalline in the silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material has a larger specific surface area, the reaction area of active substances is enlarged, the graphene can be used as an efficient carrier, the use efficiency of manganese dioxide is improved, and agglomeration is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of manganese dioxide nano composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material.
Background
Due to the structural diversity and unique physical and chemical characteristics of the manganese dioxide material, the manganese dioxide material is low in price and environment-friendly, is used as an important electrode material, is widely applied to chemical power supplies such as dry batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, magnesium-manganese batteries and manganese-buried batteries, is used as a multifunctional fine inorganic functional material, and can be applied to molecular sieves, high-grade catalyst materials and the like. As an amphoteric transition metal oxide, the amphoteric transition metal oxide has wide application in industrial production and environmental treatment, and has strong application prospects in the aspects of adsorption and degradation of organic pollutants, and treatment of heavy metal wastewater containing mercury, lead, chromium, metalloid arsenic and the like. In particular, the nano-scale manganese dioxide has a plurality of unique properties, such as a special microstructure, a larger specific surface area, a difference between a surface bond state and an electronic state and the inside of particles, and incomplete coordination of surface atoms, so that the surface active sites are increased, the surface smoothness is deteriorated along with the reduction of the particle size, uneven atomic steps are formed, and the contact surface of chemical reaction is increased. In particular, it possesses good electrochemical properties, excellent ionic/electronic conductivity and relatively high potential, making it a very important application in the electrochemical field. The method for preparing nano manganese dioxide is various, mainly comprises a hydrothermal synthesis method, a low-temperature solid-phase synthesis method, an organic-water two-phase reaction method, a coprecipitation method, a reflux cooling method, a gel-sol method, a micro-emulsion method, a thermal decomposition method and the like, and especially, a nano structure of a manganese dioxide sheet with high specific surface area is an important target pursued by synthesis work. However, most of the products obtained by the method are powder or particles with different shapes, the particle size distribution is wide, and the agglomeration phenomenon is serious. The serious agglomeration phenomenon exists in the process of storage and use of the nano manganese dioxide, so that the special performance and the advantages existing in a monodisperse state cannot be exerted. When the manganese dioxide is used as an electrode material, the defects of poor electronic conductivity, low utilization rate and the like of the single use of the manganese dioxide exist.
The graphene has a two-dimensional periodic honeycomb lattice structure consisting of carbon six-membered rings, has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties and the like, is an ideal carrier graphene, also has good electrochemical stability, a large specific surface area and a wide electrochemical window, and has a specific layered structure which is favorable for rapid diffusion of electrolyte in the graphene, so that instantaneous high-power charging and discharging of electronic elements are realized, and the characteristics make the graphene become a very potential electrode material of a buried ion battery and an electrode material of a super capacitor.
The silver has stable chemical property, good heat conduction and electric conduction performance. Electronic and electrical appliances are the most silver-consuming industries, and their uses are classified into electrical contact materials, composite materials, and soldering materials. Silver and silver-based electrical contact materials can be classified into: pure silver, silver alloys, silver-oxides, and sintered alloys. The annual production of silver and silver-based electrical contact materials worldwide is about 2900 to 3000 tons. The composite material is prepared by using a composite technology and is divided into a silver alloy composite material and a silver-based composite material. From the point of silver-saving technology, silver composite materials are a new material with great development prospect.
With the development of nano science and technology, multifunctional composite materials with unique optical, electrical, magnetic and mechanical properties have gradually become a research hotspot. The multifunctional metal particle and manganese dioxide combined composite nano material can exert the advantages of various materials, generate cooperativity on electrochemical performance, overcome the defects of conductivity and stability of manganese dioxide as an electrode material, improve the electrochemical performance of the manganese dioxide-based electrode material and expand the application of the manganese dioxide-based electrode material in the electrochemical industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following modes:
a preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding graphite oxide into double distilled water, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 200-800W for 80-100 min to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
(2) Adding sodium humate and hydrazine hydrate into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and reacting for 6-10 h at 90-110 ℃;
(3) Filtering a product in the reaction kettle, washing the product for 2-3 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, and then washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water to obtain graphene;
(4) Respectively dissolving 5-10% of graphene and 0.02-0.1% of silver nitrate in a manganese sulfate solution according to weight percentage, then adding a potassium permanganate solution with the same volume, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 500-1000W for 10-20 min, adding acid with the volume of 0.1-0.3 part of the potassium permanganate solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 800-1200W for 120-360 min, filtering a product, washing the product with 100 ml of 70% ethanol for 2-3 times, washing the product with double distilled water to be neutral, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the graphite oxide to the double distilled water in the step (1) is 0.8-1.5.
Preferably, the addition amount of the sodium humate is 0.2-0.8 g/20 ml of the graphene oxide dispersion liquid.
Preferably, the addition amount of the hydrazine hydrate is 0.1-0.5 g/20 ml of graphene oxide dispersion liquid.
Preferably, the lining material of the hydrothermal reaction kettle is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the concentration of the manganese sulfate solution in the step (4) is 0.15-0.25 mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the potassium permanganate solution in the step (4) is 0.3-0.35 mol/L.
Preferably, the acid in step (4) is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
Preferably, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is more than or equal to 30 percent.
Preferably, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 80 percent.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the manganese dioxide nanocrystalline in the silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material has a larger specific surface area, the reaction area of active substances is enlarged, the graphene can be used as an efficient carrier, the use efficiency of manganese dioxide is improved, and agglomeration is prevented.
2. The invention adjusts the electrical property of the final composite material by adjusting the ratio of the graphene to the silver, realizes the controllable growth of the silver, graphene and manganese dioxide nano material, has better material stability, endows the manganese dioxide material with new electrical property, and has good application prospect in the fields of chemical catalysis, environmental management, biosensing energy and the like
3. The preparation method of the invention is simple and easy to operate, needs few chemical drugs, has low cost, simple reaction, easy control, no pollution to the environment, does not need expensive equipment, and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples, without limiting the scope of protection and the scope of application of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding graphite oxide into double distilled water, wherein the weight ratio of the graphite oxide to the double distilled water is 1.2;
(2) Adding sodium humate and hydrazine hydrate into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid in the amount of 0.3 g/20 ml and 0.2 g/20 ml, uniformly stirring, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining material, and reacting for 80 hours at 95 ℃;
(3) Filtering a product in the reaction kettle, washing the product for 3 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, and then washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water to obtain graphene;
(4) Respectively dissolving 6% and 0.05% of graphene and silver nitrate in 0.2 mol/L manganese sulfate solution in percentage by weight, then adding 0.3 mol/L potassium permanganate solution with the same volume, carrying out 600W ultrasonic treatment for 15 min, adding 0.2 part of hydrochloric acid with the volume of the potassium permanganate solution being more than or equal to 30%, carrying out 600W ultrasonic treatment for 180 min, filtering the product, washing the product with 100 ml of 70% ethanol for 3 times, washing the product with double distilled water to be neutral, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the magnetic iron-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material.
Example 2
A preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding graphite oxide into double distilled water, wherein the weight ratio of the graphite oxide to the double distilled water is 0.8;
(2) Adding sodium humate and hydrazine hydrate into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid in the amount of 0.8 g/20 ml and 0.1 g/20 ml, uniformly stirring, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining material, and reacting for 6 hours at 110 ℃;
(3) Filtering a product in the reaction kettle, washing the product for 3 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, and then washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water to obtain graphene;
(4) Respectively dissolving 5% and 0.1% of graphene and silver nitrate in 0.15 mol/L manganese sulfate solution in percentage by weight, then adding 0.35 mol/L potassium permanganate solution with the same volume, carrying out 500W ultrasonic treatment for 20 min, adding 0.1 part of sulfuric acid with the volume concentration of the potassium permanganate solution being more than or equal to 80%, carrying out 800W ultrasonic treatment for 360 min, filtering a product, washing the product for 2 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, then washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the graphene-manganese dioxide nano material containing magnetic iron.
Example 3
A preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding graphite oxide into double distilled water, wherein the weight ratio of the graphite oxide to the double distilled water is 1.5;
(2) Adding sodium humate and hydrazine hydrate into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid in the amount of 0.2 g/20 ml and 0.5 g/20 ml, uniformly stirring, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining material, and reacting for 10 hours at 90 ℃;
(3) Filtering a product in the reaction kettle, washing the product for 2 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, and then washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water to obtain graphene;
(4) Respectively dissolving 10% and 0.02% of graphene and silver nitrate in 0.25 mol/L manganese sulfate solution in percentage by weight, then adding 0.3 mol/L potassium permanganate solution with the same volume, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 1000W for 10 min, adding 0.3 part of hydrochloric acid with the volume of the potassium permanganate solution being more than or equal to 30%, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 1200W for 120 min, filtering a product, washing the product for 3 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the magnetic iron-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding graphite oxide into double distilled water, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 200-800W for 80-100 min to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
(2) Adding sodium humate and hydrazine hydrate into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring, transferring into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and reacting for 6-10 h at 90-110 ℃;
(3) Filtering the product in the reaction kettle, washing the product for 2-3 times by using 100 ml of 70% ethanol, and then washing the product to be neutral by using double distilled water to obtain graphene;
(4) Respectively dissolving 5-10% of graphene and 0.02-0.1% of silver nitrate in a manganese sulfate solution in percentage by weight, then adding an equal volume of a potassium permanganate solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 500-1000W for 10-20 min, adding 0.1-0.3 part of acid in the volume of the potassium permanganate solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 800-1200W for 120-360 min, filtering a product, washing the product with 100 ml of 70% ethanol for 2-3 times, washing the product with double distilled water to be neutral, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain a silver-containing graphene-manganese dioxide nano material;
the weight ratio of the graphite oxide to the double distilled water in the step (1) is 0.8-1.5;
the addition amount of the sodium humate is 0.2-0.8 g/20 ml of graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
the addition amount of the hydrazine hydrate is 0.1-0.5 g/20 ml of graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
the lining material of the hydrothermal reaction kettle is polytetrafluoroethylene;
the concentration of the manganese sulfate solution in the step (4) is 0.15-0.25 mol/L;
the concentration of the potassium permanganate solution in the step (4) is 0.3-0.35 mol/L;
the acid in the step (4) is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid;
the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is more than or equal to 30 percent;
the concentration of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 80 percent.
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