CN106026170B - A kind of control method adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to network voltage - Google Patents
A kind of control method adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to network voltage Download PDFInfo
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- H02J3/385—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of control methods adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to network voltage, including the first state of a control and the second state of a control：First state of a control is that MPPT states control, and near the corresponding voltage Umax of maximum power point of solar cell panel assembly, output power is pushed to the energy inversion that MPPT controller part obtains in power grid in real time near maximum output power point Pmax；Second state of a control is limit power rating control, so that inverter operating point is deviateed maximum output power point Pmax, pressure drop of the inverter output current in line impedance will reduce.Advantageous effect is the voltage overrun issues that distributed photovoltaic power generation accesses in the case of solution power distribution network is weaker; it reduces to shut down caused by network voltage is excessively high and abandons light; ensure user's income; line impedance can be estimated simultaneously; according to line impedance; inverter can be in locality or by remote monitoring, and control user load does not abandon light to realize substantially.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic combining inverter fields, more particularly, to a kind of grid-connected inverse according to network voltage adjustment
Become the control method of device input power.
Background technology
With the continuous development of photovoltaic power generation technology, the cost of photovoltaic generation continuously decreases.New-energy grid-connected subsidy policy
Constantly improve further promotes the development of entire industry.Distributed photovoltaic power generation has entered into huge numbers of families, Yong Huke at present
To install a set of solar power system on oneself roof, income is obtained by selling electricity.It is installed too in rural area or remote districts
Positive to be frequently encountered the case where network voltage transfinites when electricity generation system, i.e. grid entry point network voltage allows more than inverter
Working range (NBT32004-2013：187V-242VAC).It is exactly the power grid of this area to cause a reason of such case
It is relatively weak, grid entry point (user side) apart from distribution transformer farther out, between cabling it is thinner, line impedance between 2 points compared with
Greatly.As shown in Figure 1, for the block diagram of photovoltaic generating system, the power distribution network of line impedance R and user region has relationship.Photovoltaic
When electricity generation system is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, if user cannot dissolve the energy that solar panel issues completely, this portion of energy will pass through
Cable transfer is to public electric wire net.Electric current, which is sent outside, pressure drop is generated on line impedance R, and the voltage of such grid entry point will be by two
It is grouped as：Network voltage+line drop.The voltage of grid entry point is elevated, it is evident that the more big same grid-connected current of line impedance
In the case of, line drop can be bigger, and grid entry point voltage is higher.It is required according to standard, inverter wants stoppage protection after voltage transfinites.
Existing inverter product reaches protection Zhi Hou big city stoppage protection in voltage, and the gene-ration revenue of such user will be damaged
It loses.In the case that especially solar irradiance is relatively good at noon, inverter can start/stop machine repeatedly, that is, affect power generation, and meeting
The devices such as the relay to inverter internal cause certain damage.The producer having at present is transfinited and is used to solve network voltage
The contradiction of maximum generation income is pursued at family, and the voltage protection range of inverter has been turned up.But grid entry point voltage can be into one in this way
Step lifting, threatens to Electrical Safety, some electrical equipments that may burn user are used for a long time.Best solution
It is to increase power distribution network capacity from grid side, administers the low-voltage and high voltage problem of user side.But power distribution network coverage ratio
Larger, original planning may not consider the access of new energy, by the limitation etc. of the controller switching equipments such as existing transformer capacity.Transformation
Relatively long period and prodigious fund input are needed, the current contradiction of solution that cannot be quickly.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of control adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to network voltage
Method processed, the voltage overrun issues that distributed photovoltaic power generation accesses in the case of solution power distribution network is weaker can ensure to pacify
Make inverter electricity multiple as possible in the case of complete, reduces to shut down caused by network voltage is excessively high and abandon light, ensure user's income, together
When can estimate line impedance, according to line impedance, inverter in locality or can pass through remote monitoring, control user load
Light is not abandoned to realize substantially.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of control method adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to network voltage, including the first state of a control
With the second state of a control：
First state of a control is the control of MPPT states：Allow when inverter detection grid entry point network voltage is less than inverter
Working range when, inverter is operated in MPPT maximum power point tracking states, i.e., MPPT controller is finding solar energy always
The maximum power that battery panel components can export at current time, inverter internal are controlled by two PID controllers and MPPT
Device is electrically connected, and using the double -loop control of outer shroud Voltage loop and inner ring electric current loop, inversion control is realized, at this point, solar panel
Near the corresponding voltage Umax of maximum power point of component, output power is near maximum output power point Pmax, handle in real time
The energy inversion that MPPT controller part obtains is pushed in power grid；When maximum output power point is deviateed in inverter operating point
When, MPPT controller makes operating point return near maximum functional point by the methods of disturbance observation or node-pair method, inverter work
Make voltage always close to maximum power point voltage, maintain peak power output；
Second state of a control is limit power rating control：When the permission that inverter detection network voltage is set close to inverter
When operation threshold, start with the limit power cell LIMIT of MPPT controller control connection, limit power cell LIMIT is that setting exists
Control unit in inverter；It is adjusted in real time according to the variation of network voltage by limit power cell LIMIT, calculating can be inverse
Become output power threshold value P1 of the device stable output power near Pmax, and P1<Pmax changes inverter by MPPT controller
The perturbation direction for inputting PV voltages makes inverter operating point deviate maximum output power point Pmax, and inverter output power is therewith
Reduce, pressure drop of the inverter output current in line impedance will reduce；When the limit calculated output works of power cell LIMIT
Rate threshold value P1>When Pmax, inverter control automatically switches to the control of MPPT states.
Further, the first state of a control and the second state of a control need to assess the size of line impedance, are disturbed using electric current
Dynamic monitoring method assesses line impedance, and the specific method is as follows：
According to the equivalent theorem in circuit theory by local load, line impedance, neighbouring load equivalent be line impedance
Rnet, inverter can control the size of current being output on power grid, t1 moment I 1, and the t2 moment is I2, then has formula (1), (2)
Two relationships：
Uinv1=I1*Rnet+Ugrid (1)
Uinv2=I2*Rnet+Ugrid (2)
(1), (2) two formula simultaneous can obtain formula (3)：
Δ Uinv=Δs I*Rnet (3)
Wherein, Δ U is extracted by trap oscillograph, Δ I is known quantity, can calculate Rnet.
Further, inverter connects the load of user by controlling temporary location control；It is controllable to control temporary location
The load of switch, user is heating equipment, refrigeration equipment or energy storage device；When inverter is in the second state of a control, that is, limit
When power rating controls, inverter opens fractional load by controlling temporary location, makes full use of the energy.
Further, inverter is connected to monitor supervision platform by collector, and collector is also connected to control temporary location, control
Temporary location processed is also connected to the load of user；Monitor supervision platform is background monitoring server, and control temporary location is controllable switch,
The load of user is heating equipment, refrigeration equipment or energy storage device；When inverter is in the second state of a control, that is, limit power shape
When state controls, current limit power rating, real-time circuit are estimated the information such as impedance, network voltage and are carried by communication by inverter
Supplying monitoring platform, load characteristic and service condition data of the monitor supervision platform based on such data and user do long-range big data
Analysis and intelligent control user power utilization equipment, to realize making full use of for energy.
Compared with the existing technology, the control of the present invention that photovoltaic combining inverter input power is adjusted according to network voltage
Method processed has the advantage that：
MPPT controller in inverter can adjust maximum output power point tracking function according to network voltage, make input
The power of inverter is unlikely to that network voltage is caused to transfinite.Allow when inverter detection grid entry point network voltage is less than inverter
Working range when, inverter be in MPPT states control, can ensure solar cell panel assembly maximum power point correspond to
Voltage Umax near, output power near maximum output power point Pmax, in real time MPPT controller part obtain
Energy inversion is pushed in power grid；It is inverse when the permission operation threshold that inverter detection network voltage is set close to inverter
Become device and be in limit power rating control, starts with the limit power cell LIMIT of MPPT controller control connection, according to network voltage
Variation adjust in real time, can calculate and inverter output power is stablized output power threshold value P1 near Pmax, and P1<
Pmax changes the perturbation direction that inverter inputs PV voltages by MPPT controller, inverter operating point is made to deviate maximum output
Power points Pmax, inverter output power reduce therewith, and pressure drop of the inverter output current in line impedance will reduce；When
Limit the calculated output power threshold value P1 of power cell LIMIT>When Pmax, inverter control automatically switches to MPPT state controls
System.The timely switching for controlling and limiting power rating control by MPPT states, realizes that the power of inverter is unlikely to cause power grid
Voltage transfinites, and the voltage overrun issues that distributed photovoltaic power generation accesses in the case of solution power distribution network is weaker can ensure
Make inverter electricity multiple as possible in the case of safety, reduces to shut down caused by network voltage is excessively high and abandon light, ensure user's income.
It is exactly the line impedance of power grid that the crucial parameter that network voltage transfinites is caused in photovoltaic parallel in system, this
The size of line impedance is assessed in invention by current disturbing monitoring method, can be to capacity of trunk, power limit, and load switching
It is effectively controlled etc. multiple functions.
Description of the drawings
The attached drawing for constituting the part of the present invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Example and its explanation are applied for explaining the present invention, is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of photovoltaic generation；
Fig. 2 is inverter internal control block diagram；
Fig. 3 is the relation schematic diagram of the maximum output power point and maximum output voltage point in the control of MPPT states；
Fig. 4 is limited the relation schematic diagram of output power and output voltage in power rating control；
Fig. 5 is energy flow block diagram when inverter works；
Fig. 6 is electric network impedance distribution map when inverter works；
Fig. 7 is to estimate impedance diagram；
Fig. 8 is impedance detection flow chart；
Fig. 9 is the illustrative view of functional configuration that inverter directly controls user load；
Figure 10 is the illustrative view of functional configuration of inverter remote control user load.
Specific implementation mode
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
Can also be electrical connection to be mechanical connection；It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, Ke Yishi
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
It is illustrated in figure 2 inverter internal control block diagram, when network voltage is in normal range (NR), according to network voltage
Limit power functions do not work, and inverter is operated in the control of MPPT states, i.e., are finding battery panel components at current time always
The maximum power that can be exported, inverter internal control use double -loop control, outer shroud Voltage loop, inner ring electric current loop to realize inversion control
System is pushed to the energy inversion that the parts MPPT obtain in power grid in real time.As shown in figure 3, inverter is operated in MPPT shapes
When state controls, for the voltage of solar panel string formation always near Umax, the power of inverter output at this time is maximum.When inverter works
When point deviates maximum power point, inverter can make operating point return maximum functional by the methods of disturbance observation or node-pair method
Near point, inverter operating voltage always close to maximum power point voltage, as shown in arrow direction in Fig. 3.
When threshold value of the network voltage close to setting, limit power cell LIMIT starts, and the function of the parts MPPT will produce
Changing.As shown in figure 4, limit power cell LIMIT can calculate power threshold a P1, general P1<Pmax.When inverter is defeated
When the current power entered is more than P1, the parts MPPT can change the perturbation direction of voltage, and inverter operating point is made to deviate maximum power
Point, inverter output power reduce therewith, and pressure drop of such inverter output current in line impedance will reduce.The value of P1
It can in real time be adjusted according to the variation of network voltage, the upper voltage limit that finally network voltage value stabilization can be worked in inverter is attached
Closely.It in this way under the structure of existing power distribution network, that is, ensure that the Electrical Safety of user, and can realize maximum energy output.It is inverse
When change device is operated in the MPPT states of limit power, it may be operated in the limit power points on curve left side or right side, as shown in figure 4,
Operating voltage is that U1 or U2 P1 occurs if irradiation level dies down>When Pmax, inverter automatically switches to MPPT states
Control.
It is exactly the line impedance of power grid that the crucial parameter that network voltage transfinites is caused in photovoltaic parallel in system, such as
Fruit is capable of the size of online evaluation line impedance, it will be able to capacity of trunk, multiple functions such as power limit, and load switching
Effectively controlled.More in the load point of distribution net side electricity consumption, the property difference of load is also very big, any one load
Switching can all influence the assessment of electric network impedance.The present invention provides a kind of appraisal procedure of power network line impedance, current disturbing prison
Survey method, illustrates below.As shown in figure 5, when inverter works, when the energy comparison that solar panel provides is more, energy stream
Dynamic by shown in arrow direction in figure, a part supplies local load, and a part is fed to power grid.Actual electric network distribution of impedance is as schemed
Shown in 6, local load, line impedance, neighbouring load equivalent can be hindered for circuit according to the equivalent theorem in circuit theory
Anti- Rnet, as shown in Figure 7.Inverter can control the size of current being output on power grid, t1 moment I1, and the t2 moment, which is I2, then to be had
Formula (1), (2) two relationships.
Uinv1=I1*Rnet+Ugrid (1)
Uinv2=I2*Rnet+Ugrid (2)
(1), (2) two formula simultaneous can obtain formula (3)：
Δ Uinv=Δs I*Rnet (3)
Wherein, Δ U is extracted by trap oscillograph, Δ I is known quantity, can calculate Rnet.The flow diagram of detection
As shown in Figure 8.Injection Current I can be fundametal compoment, can also be high fdrequency component, be extracted by trap oscillograph, to
Rent can be calculated.
The cooperation of inverter and user load under limit power rating control：
It is operated in the inverter of limit power rating control, can maximally reduce and abandon under existing distribution net work structure
Light, but light irradiation energy still can lose, the size and line impedance of off-energy are directly related, and line impedance is bigger
The energy of loss is more.In order to improve energy utilization rate, this control strategy provides user side load control method simultaneously, such as
Under：
As shown in figure 9, inverter can be by signal wire by controlling the negative of temporary location (controllable switch) and user
It carries, such as heating equipment, refrigeration equipment or energy storage device connection, when in limit Power operation, real-time switching fractional load,
Realize making full use of for the energy.
As shown in Figure 10, current limit power rating, real-time circuit can also be estimated impedance, network voltage by inverter
Etc. information monitoring backstage is supplied to by communication, load characteristic that monitoring backstage can be based on such data and user and use feelings
Condition data do long-range big data analysis and intelligent control user power utilization equipment, to realize making full use of for energy.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of control method adjusting photovoltaic combining inverter input power according to network voltage, it is characterised in that：Including
One state of a control and the second state of a control：
First state of a control is the control of MPPT states：When inverter detection grid entry point network voltage is less than the work of inverter permission
When making range, inverter is operated in MPPT maximum power point tracking states, i.e. MPPT controller is finding solar cell always
The maximum power that board group part can export at current time, inverter internal pass through two PID controllers and MPPT controller electricity
Connection realizes inversion control, at this point, solar cell panel assembly using the double -loop control of outer shroud Voltage loop and inner ring electric current loop
The corresponding voltage Umax of maximum power point near, output power is near maximum output power point Pmax, in real time MPPT
The energy inversion that controller part obtains is pushed in power grid；When maximum output power point is deviateed in inverter operating point,
MPPT controller makes operating point return near maximum functional point by disturbance observation or node-pair method method, inverter operating voltage
Always close to maximum power point voltage, maintain peak power output；
Second state of a control is limit power rating control：When inverter detection network voltage allows work close to what inverter was set
When threshold value, start with the limit power cell LIMIT of MPPT controller control connection, limit power cell LIMIT is to be arranged in inversion
Control unit in device；It is adjusted in real time according to the variation of network voltage by limit power cell LIMIT, calculating can be inverter
Output power threshold value P1 of the stable output power near Pmax, and P1<Pmax changes inverter input by MPPT controller
The perturbation direction of PV voltages makes inverter operating point deviate maximum output power point Pmax, and inverter output power reduces therewith,
Pressure drop of the inverter output current in line impedance will reduce；When the limit calculated output power thresholds of power cell LIMIT
Value P1>When Pmax, inverter control automatically switches to the control of MPPT states；
First state of a control and the second state of a control need to assess the size of line impedance, and line is assessed using current disturbing monitoring method
Roadlock is anti-, and the specific method is as follows：According to the equivalent theorem in circuit theory by local load, line impedance, neighbouring load etc.
Effect is line impedance Rnet, and inverter control is output to the size of current on power grid, t1 moment I1, and the t2 moment is I2, then has formula
(1), (2) two relationships：
Uinv1=I1*Rnet+Ugrid (1)
Uinv2=I2*Rnet+Ugrid (2)
(1), (2) two formula simultaneous obtain formula (3)：
Δ Uinv=Δs I*Rnet (3)
Wherein, Δ U is extracted by trap oscillograph, Δ I is known quantity, can calculate Rnet.
2. the control method according to claim 1 that photovoltaic combining inverter input power is adjusted according to network voltage,
It is characterized in that：Inverter connects the load of user by controlling temporary location control；Control temporary location is controllable switch, user
Load be heating equipment, refrigeration equipment or energy storage device；When inverter is in the second state of a control, that is, limit power rating control
When processed, inverter opens fractional load by controlling temporary location, makes full use of the energy.
3. the control method according to claim 1 that photovoltaic combining inverter input power is adjusted according to network voltage,
It is characterized in that：Inverter is connected to monitor supervision platform by collector, and collector is also connected to control temporary location, controls intermediate single
Member is also connected to the load of user；Monitor supervision platform is background monitoring server, and control temporary location is controllable switch, and user's is negative
Carry is heating equipment, refrigeration equipment or energy storage device；When inverter is in the second state of a control, i.e. limit power rating controls
When, current limit power rating, real-time circuit are estimated impedance by inverter, network voltage information is supplied to monitoring by communication
Platform, load characteristic and service condition data of the monitor supervision platform based on such data and user do long-range big data analysis and intelligence
User power utilization equipment can be controlled, to realize making full use of for energy.
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| CN106711993B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-04-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of direct-current grid stable control method |
| US10483764B2 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-11-19 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Irradiance based solar panel power point tracking |
| CN107240928B (en) * | 2017-04-29 | 2019-11-19 | 广州三晶电气股份有限公司 | A kind of power grid lateral confinement power method of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter |
| CN107634541A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-26 | 天津大学 | Photovoltaic based on IPOS DC boostings collects access system control method for coordinating |
| CN108418257A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-17 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Photovoltaic virtual synchronous machine light stores up control method for coordinating and device |
| CN109885124A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-06-14 | 每天蓝(深圳)科技有限公司 | Maximum power point determines method, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110071496A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-30 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of configuration of direct-current grid power optimization and operation method based on wave-activated power generation |
| CN110148948B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2023-04-25 | 四川科陆新能电气有限公司 | Device and method for improving power generation power of photovoltaic inverter at tail end of power grid |
| CN110299755A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-01 | 深圳市振源电气有限公司 | A kind of intelligent solar charge control system and control method |
| CN113725897B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-07-07 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Autonomous voltage and operation mode control method for distributed photovoltaic inverter |
| CN114553137A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-27 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Equivalent impedance measuring method and device for photovoltaic module |
| CN114665509B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-16 | 赫里欧绿能建筑科技有限公司 | Discrete inverter system for power generation building materials and operation control method |
| CN115603430B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江动一新能源动力科技股份有限公司 | Portable electric energy storage system and power adjusting method thereof |
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| CN103701155B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-08-17 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic combining inverter active power dispatch control method |
| CN104079007B (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2016-08-24 | 西安理工大学 | The distributed photovoltaic of suppression low pressure feeder line overvoltage generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems control method |
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