CN105762331A - Preparation method of three-dimensional sulfur-doped graphene/sulfur composite material electrode slice - Google Patents
Preparation method of three-dimensional sulfur-doped graphene/sulfur composite material electrode slice Download PDFInfo
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- CN105762331A CN105762331A CN201610095298.8A CN201610095298A CN105762331A CN 105762331 A CN105762331 A CN 105762331A CN 201610095298 A CN201610095298 A CN 201610095298A CN 105762331 A CN105762331 A CN 105762331A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a three-dimensional sulfur-doped graphene/sulfur composite material electrode slice. The preparation method comprises the following steps of step (1) mixing and grinding graphite oxide and benzene disulfide, then placing in a nitrogen protection muffle furnace for reacting, and naturally cooling to room temperature after reaction to obtain sulfur-doped graphene; step (2) adding polyacrylonitrile, the sulfur-doped graphene and graphite oxide into N-methyl pyrrolidone, performing ultrasonic reaction, then coating an aluminum foil with mixed slurry, and drying to obtain an electrode slice; step (3) placing the obtained electrode slice into a muffle furnace protected by inert gas, slowly heating to 400 to 500DEG C, and naturally cooling; step (4) completely inserting the electrode slice obtained in the step (3) into a Na2S2O3 solution, slowly dripping hydrochloric acid into the solution, and drying to obtain a positive electrode slice. The electrode slice prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention can be directly used for a cathode of a lithium sulfur battery without adding any conductive agent and bonding agent, so that the cost of the electrode is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nano material synthesis, particularly to the preparation method of a kind of lithium sulfur battery anode material.
Background technology
Lithium-sulfur cell is with lithium metal as negative pole, and elemental sulfur is the battery system of positive pole.Lithium-sulfur cell there are two discharge platforms (about 2.4 V and 2.1 V), but its electrochemical reaction mechanism is more complicated.Lithium-sulfur cell has specific energy high (2600
Wh/kg), specific capacity high (1675 mAh/g), low cost and other advantages are it is considered to be the most promising battery of new generation.But there is that active material utilization is low, cycle life is low at present and the problem such as poor stability, this seriously governs the development of lithium-sulfur cell.The main cause causing the problems referred to above has the following aspects: (1) elemental sulfur is electronics and ion insulator, and room-temperature conductivity is low by (5 × 10-30S·cm-1), owing to there is no the sulphur of ionic state, thus as positive electrode activation difficulty;(2) the height poly-state many lithium sulfides Li produced in electrode process2Sn(8 > n >=4) are soluble in electrolyte, form concentration difference, move to negative pole under the effect of concentration gradient between both positive and negative polarity, and the high many lithium sulfides of poly-state are reduced into the many lithium sulfides of oligomeric state by lithium metal.Along with the carrying out of above reaction, the many lithium sulfides of oligomeric state are assembled at negative pole, are formed concentration difference the most between electrodes, move to again positive pole and be oxidized to the high many lithium sulfides of poly-state.This phenomenon is referred to as shuttle effect, reduces the utilization rate of sulphur active material.The most insoluble Li2S and Li2S2It is deposited on cathode of lithium surface, is further degrading the performance of lithium-sulfur cell;(3) reaction end product Li2S is electronic body equally, can be deposited on sulfur electrode, and lithium ion migration velocity in solid-state lithium sulfide is slow, makes electrochemical reaction kinetic rate slack-off;(4) sulphur and end product Li2The density of S is different, and after sulphur is lithiated, volumetric expansion about 79%, is easily caused Li2The efflorescence of S, causes the safety problem of lithium-sulfur cell.Above-mentioned deficiency governs the development of lithium-sulfur cell, and this is also the Important Problems that the research of current lithium-sulfur cell needs to solve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of three-dimensional sulfur doping Graphene/sulphur composite electrode sheet, three-dimensional graphene coated sulphur nano particle, improve the electric conductivity of sulphur, and the dissolving of discharging product polysulfide can be stoped, improve the chemical property of material, the method that the method can directly be prepared as lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode sheet simultaneously, simplifies the pole piece preparation technology of battery, reduces preparation cost.
Preparation method
The present invention provides the preparation technology flow process of a kind of three-dimensional sulfur doping Graphene/sulphur composite electrode sheet as follows:
(1) by graphite oxide and curing benzene mixed grinding, it is then placed in nitrogen protection Muffle reaction in furnace 20-120 minute of 800-1200 DEG C, naturally cools to room temperature after having reacted, obtain sulfur doping Graphene.
(2) joining in 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE by polyacrylonitrile, sulfur doping Graphene and graphite oxide, ultrasonic reaction 30-120 minute after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice.
(3) electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 400-500 DEG C with the speed of 3-5 DEG C/min, react 30-60 minute, cooling naturally.
(4) the fully-inserted Na of electrode slice that (3) are obtained2S2O3In solution, static 30-60 minute, in solution, then drip the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L slowly, until solution PH=6.5 ~ 7.5, take out electrode slice, obtain positive plate after drying.
In step (1), graphite oxide and curing benzene mass ratio are 1:0.8-1:2.
The mass ratio of step (2) polyacrylonitrile, sulfur doping Graphene and graphite oxide is 1:0.7
-0.9:0.1-0.3。
In step (3) reaction, reaction temperature is 400-500 DEG C.
Step (4) described Na2S2O3The mass concentration of solution is 0.5 ~ 2mol/L;Solution PH=6.5 ~ 7.5
There is advantages that (1) polyacrylonitrile occurs annulation between layers at Graphene so that lamella cross-links, and the two-dimensional structure of Graphene is changed into three-dimensional structure, and the storage for sulphur provides space;(2) grapheme material of high conductivity can be effectively improved the electrical conductivity of electrode slice;(3) sulphur atom of graphene layer doping can attract the polysulfide produced in course of reaction, can effectively reduce shuttle effect;(4) electrode slice prepared by the present invention can be directly used for the positive pole of lithium-sulfur cell, it is not necessary to adds conductive agent and binding agent again, greatly reduces the cost of electrode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of three-dimensional sulfur doping Graphene/sulphur composite electrode sheet prepared by the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the preferably embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1
(1) by 1g graphite oxide and 0.8g curing benzene mixed grinding, the nitrogen being then placed in 800 DEG C is protected Muffle reaction in furnace 120 minutes, is naturally cooled to room temperature, obtain sulfur doping Graphene after having reacted.
(2) 1g polyacrylonitrile, 0.7g sulfur doping Graphene, 0.3g graphite oxide being joined in the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE of 100mL, ultrasonic reaction 30 minutes after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice.
(3) electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 400 DEG C with the speed of 3 DEG C/min, react 60 minutes, cooling naturally.
(4) Na of the fully-inserted 0.5mol/L of electrode slice that (3) are obtained2S2O3In solution, static 30 minutes, in solution, then drip the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L slowly, until solution PH=6.5, take out electrode slice, obtain positive plate after drying.
Embodiment 2
(1) by 1g graphite oxide and 1.2g curing benzene mixed grinding, the nitrogen being then placed in 1200 DEG C is protected Muffle reaction in furnace 20 minutes, is naturally cooled to room temperature, obtain sulfur doping Graphene after having reacted.
(2) 1g polyacrylonitrile, 0.9g sulfur doping Graphene, 0.1g graphite oxide being joined in the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE of 100mL, ultrasonic reaction 120 minutes after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice.
(3) electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 500 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min, react 30 minutes, cooling naturally.
(4) Na of the fully-inserted 2mol/L of electrode slice that (3) are obtained2S2O3In solution, static 60 minutes, in solution, then drip the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L slowly, until solution PH=7.5, take out electrode slice, obtain positive plate after drying.
Embodiment 3
(1) by 1g graphite oxide and 1g curing benzene mixed grinding, the nitrogen being then placed in 900 DEG C is protected Muffle reaction in furnace 100 minutes, is naturally cooled to room temperature, obtain sulfur doping Graphene after having reacted.
(2) 1g polyacrylonitrile, 0.75g sulfur doping Graphene, 0.25g graphite oxide being joined in the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE of 100mL, ultrasonic reaction 60 minutes after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice.
(3) electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 450 DEG C with the speed of 4 DEG C/min, react 45 minutes, cooling naturally.
(4) Na of the fully-inserted 1mol/L of electrode slice that (3) are obtained2S2O3In solution, static 50 minutes, in solution, then drip the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L slowly, until solution PH=7, take out electrode slice, obtain positive plate after drying.
Embodiment 4
(1) by 1g graphite oxide and 0.9g curing benzene mixed grinding, the nitrogen being then placed in 1000 DEG C is protected Muffle reaction in furnace 600 minutes, is naturally cooled to room temperature, obtain sulfur doping Graphene after having reacted.
(2) 1g polyacrylonitrile, 0.85g sulfur doping Graphene, 0.15g graphite oxide being joined in the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE of 100mL, ultrasonic reaction 90 minutes after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice.
(3) electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 420 DEG C with the speed of 3.5 DEG C/min, react 50 minutes, cooling naturally.
(4) Na of the fully-inserted 1.5mol/L of electrode slice that (3) are obtained2S2O3In solution, static 40 minutes, in solution, then drip the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L slowly, until solution PH=7.2, take out electrode slice, obtain positive plate after drying.
Embodiment 5
(1) by 1g graphite oxide and 1.1g curing benzene mixed grinding, the nitrogen being then placed in 1100 DEG C is protected Muffle reaction in furnace 30 minutes, is naturally cooled to room temperature, obtain sulfur doping Graphene after having reacted.
(2) 1g polyacrylonitrile, 0.8g sulfur doping Graphene, 0.2g graphite oxide being joined in the 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE of 100mL, ultrasonic reaction 100 minutes after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice.
(3) electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 470 DEG C with the speed of 4.5 DEG C/min, react 40 minutes, cooling naturally.
(4) Na of the fully-inserted 1.2mol/L of electrode slice that (3) are obtained2S2O3In solution, static 35 minutes, in solution, then drip the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L slowly, until solution PH=6.8, take out electrode slice, obtain positive plate after drying.
The preparation of electrode and performance test;Using the electrode slice of preparation as positive pole, metal lithium sheet is to electrode, CELGARD 2400 is barrier film, the LiTFSI/DOL-DME (volume ratio 1:1) of 1mol/L is electrolyte, the LiNO3 of 1mol/L is additive, in full Ar glove box, it is assembled into button cell, uses Land battery test system to carry out constant current charge-discharge test.Charging/discharging voltage scope is 1-3V, and current density is 0.2C, and performance is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | |
Specific discharge capacity after circulation first | 900mAh/g | 850mAh/g | 860mAh/g | 880mAh/g | 880mAh/g |
Specific discharge capacity after 100 circulations | 650mAh/g | 620mAh/g | 650mAh/g | 660mAh/g | 650mAh/g |
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure that the present invention prepares positive electrode, and as can be seen from the figure this positive electrode possesses a large amount of open three-dimensional cavernous structure, it is possible to well provides ion transmission channel, improves the chemical property of material.
Above content is to combine concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert the present invention be embodied as be confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of three-dimensional sulfur doping Graphene/sulphur composite electrode sheet, it is characterised in that include following step:
Step (1): by graphite oxide and curing benzene mixed grinding, be then placed in nitrogen protection Muffle reaction in furnace 20-120 minute of 800-1200 DEG C, naturally cool to room temperature after having reacted, obtain sulfur doping Graphene;
Step (2): join in 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE by polyacrylonitrile, sulfur doping Graphene and graphite oxide, ultrasonic reaction 30-120 minute after stirring, then mixed slurry is coated on aluminium foil, and vacuum drying obtains electrode slice;
Step (3): the electrode slice obtained is put into the Muffle furnace of inert gas shielding, is slowly warmed up to 400-500 DEG C with the speed of 3-5 DEG C/min, reacts 30-60 minute, cooling naturally;
Step (4): the fully-inserted Na of electrode slice that step (3) is obtained2S2O3In solution, static 30-60 minute, in solution, then drip hydrochloric acid slowly, until electrode slice is taken out in solution PH=6.5 ~ 7.5, obtain positive plate after drying.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (1), graphite oxide and curing benzene mass ratio are 1:0.8-1:2.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (2) polyacrylonitrile, sulfur doping Graphene, the mass ratio of graphite oxide are 1:0.7-0.9:0.1-0.3.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (3), reaction temperature is 400-500 DEG C.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Na2S2O3The mass concentration of solution is 0.5-2mol/L.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (4), the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 1mol/L.
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CN106158406A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-23 | 肖丽芳 | A kind of preparation method of ruthenium-oxide composite graphite alkene foam electrode sheet |
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