CN105336964B - A kind of preparation method and application of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and application of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite Download PDF

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CN105336964B
CN105336964B CN201510631087.7A CN201510631087A CN105336964B CN 105336964 B CN105336964 B CN 105336964B CN 201510631087 A CN201510631087 A CN 201510631087A CN 105336964 B CN105336964 B CN 105336964B
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nitrogen
nanometer pipe
doped carbon
carbon nanometer
nitridation
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CN105336964A (en
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冯雷雨
孙寒
曹越
陈银广
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Tongji University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
    • H01M4/8652—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites as mixture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite：Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is mixed with solid-state cyanamide powder mull, by mixed nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/cyanamide powder calcination reaction, then obtains nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite with centrifuging, drying after ethanol and milli-Q water respectively.The invention also discloses a kind of above-mentioned nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/purposes of the nitridation carbon composite in microbiological fuel cell.The method that nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite prepares catalysis electrode：Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material and binding agent are mixed, solvent is added into mixture to be well mixed, ultrasonic disperse, then ultrasonic mixing thing is evenly coated in conductive substrates, natural air drying, obtain nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite catalysis electrode.The method of the present invention has that technique is simple, cost is cheap, the cycle is short, advantages of environment protection.

Description

A kind of preparation method and application of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite
Technical field
The invention belongs to new energy and new material application technical field, be related to a kind of composite preparation method and its Application in microorganism fuel cell cathode.
Background technology
Microbiological fuel cell (Microbial fuel cells, MFCs) is that microorganism is combined with fuel cell technology Product, its general principle is to discharge electronics and matter after organic matter is decomposed under anode chamber's anaerobic environment by microbiological oxidation Son, electronics is effectively transmitted by suitable Transfer Medium between biological components and anode, and is delivered to by external circuit Negative electrode, and proton is delivered to negative electrode by electrolyte, oxidant (generally oxygen) obtains electronics in negative electrode and is reduced, while with Proton is combined into water, is finally reached the effect for producing electric current.Because MFCs produces cleaning while organic waste is disposed Electric energy, therefore it is considered as the new energy technology of a great application prospect.
In MFCs technologies, cathode reaction is to influence the important step of electric energy output, therefore, selects suitable cathode electronics Acceptor and its corresponding cathod catalyst are become to greatly improve the key of MFCs power outputs.At present, air (oxygen) because Its is simple and easy to get, the cheap characteristic of cost and generally used as cathode electronics acceptor, however, the anticathode hydrogen reduction of pin The power output that reaction be able to can not maintain a long-term stability because of the influence of kinetic factor, therefore, in order to maintain to occur in the moon The reaction of pole continues efficiently to carry out, and selects the cathod catalyst of efficient stable to be catalyzed reaction and is just particularly important. For many years, noble metal platinum (Pt) is considered as catalytic oxidation-reduction reaction catalyst the most efficient and stable.But Pt expensive valency Lattice and rare resource seriously limit its application in terms of oxygen reduction catalyst.Therefore, searching catalysis is efficient, cost is low Honest and clean oxygen reduction catalyst turns into one of key area of microbiological fuel cell research.
In recent years, nitrogenous carbon material, due to its excellent electro catalytic activity, cheap cost is environmentally friendly and hold The characteristics of continuous and efficient, be generally considered it is a kind of have much potentiality nonmetallic elctro-catalyst (document Science, 2009,323, 760-764；Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011,133,20116-20119).Wherein, Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) it is a kind of typical non-metal carbon material for being rich in nitrogen, there is graphite-like structure, be carbon nitrogen Most stable of allotrope in compound.g-C3N4It has been proved to be able to show oxygen reduction reaction etc. excellent catalysis Activity (document Energy＆Environmental Science, 2012,5,6717-6731), reason essentially consist in its have it is rich Rich pyridine nitrogen active component.However, due to g-C3N4Influenceed by poor conductance ability and low specific surface area, it is as cloudy The application of electrode catalyst can inevitably be restricted.
CNT is due to its unique hollow structure, high specific surface area, good electric conductivity, significant mechanics, electricity Chemistry etc., it is set to have good application prospect in numerous areas.In recent years, by carrying out N doping to CNT, to carry The application performance of high CNT, turn into one of study hotspot of CNT synthesis and application field.CNT is carried out N doping not only improves its water dispersible, and N doping atom can change CNT local charge density, improves carbon The electron transmission of nanotube, reduce resistance coefficient.There is scholar's discovery recently, the CNT crossed by nitrogen-doping is in alkali Property or acid medium in there is very strong oxygen reduction catalytic activity, it is used as, and fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction reaction is nonmetallic urges Application prospect very wide (the document Nature, 2009,323,760-764 of agent；Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010,132,15839-15841).At present, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite conduct Cathodic oxygen reduction catalyst is applied to the MFCs technologies containing neutral medium, and there is not been reported.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, has work Skill is simple, cost is cheap, the cycle is short, advantages of environment protection.
It is a further object to provide a kind of purposes of above-mentioned nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, comprises the following steps：
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is mixed with solid-state cyanamide powder mull, by mixed nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/mono- Melamine powder calcination reaction, then obtain nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitrogen with centrifuging, drying after ethanol and milli-Q water respectively Change carbon composite.
The mass ratio of the nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and cyanamide is 1:10~1:100.
The time of the ground and mixed is 0.5~1.5h.
The temperature of the calcination reaction is 450~600 DEG C, and the time is 1~3h.
A kind of above-mentioned nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/use of the nitridation carbon composite in microbiological fuel cell being prepared On the way.
A kind of method that above-mentioned nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite prepares catalysis electrode, comprises the following steps：
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material and binding agent are mixed, added into mixture Solvent is well mixed, ultrasonic disperse, and then ultrasonic mixing thing is evenly coated in conductive substrates, natural air drying, obtains nitrogen Doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite catalysis electrode.
The mass ratio of the nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material and binding agent is 10:(15 ~48):(32~98), preferably 10:31:63.
The conductive material is carbon black, activated carbon or graphite.
The binding agent is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) or 5%Nafion solution.
The solvent is isopropanol.
The time of the ultrasonic disperse is 20~40min.
The conductive substrates are carbon cloth or carbon paper.
The time of the natural air drying is 20~30 hours.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the invention has the characteristics that：
The method of the present invention has that technique is simple, cost is cheap, the cycle is short, advantages of environment protection, goes for work Industryization mass produces, and the nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe ultimately formed/nitridation carbon composite catalysis electrode is the moon with conventional Pt/C The microbiological fuel cell of electrode catalyst assembling is compared, and power output is higher, operation stability more preferably, and easily prepared, valency Lattice are cheap, and good basis has been established for the commercialization of microbiological fuel cell；Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is urged The stable in catalytic performance of polarizing electrode is high, activity is strong, can be urged using it instead of noble metal platinum as microorganism fuel cell cathode Agent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM shape appearance figures of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is air cathode single chamber MFCs structural representation.
Fig. 3 is air cathode dual chamber MFCs structural representation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation for illustrated embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Microbiological fuel cell provided by the invention includes two kinds of structures：Air cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell And air cathode dual chamber MFCs (MFCs).
Air cathode single chamber MFCs structure is as shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is air cathode single chamber MFCs structural representation.Bag Include import 1, outlet 2, anode 3, negative electrode 4 and external circuit 5 (external circuit is known technology).Anode 3 is graphite fibre brush, external circuit For 1000 Ohmic resistances 15.MFCs matrix solutions are by following material composition：PH 7.0 0.05mol/L phosphate buffer solutions, 0.31g/L ammonium chloride solution, 0.13g/L Klorvess Liquid, 12.5mL trace element solution, 12.5mL vitamin are molten Liquid and 1g/L sodium acetate solution as fuel (document Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998,54,1472-1480)。
Air cathode dual chamber MFCs structure is as shown in figure 3, including import 6, outlet 7, cathode chamber 8 and external circuit 9, anode Room 10, PEM 11.The anode is graphite fibre brush, and PEM is Nafion117 cation-exchange membranes, dispatch from foreign news agency Road is 1000 Ohmic resistances.Anode chamber's matrix solution is by following material composition：PH 7.0 0.05mol/L phosphate-buffereds are molten The dimension life of liquid, 0.31g/L ammonium chloride solution, 0.13g/L Klorvess Liquid, 12.5mL trace element solution, 12.5mL The sodium acetate solution of plain solution and 1g/L is as fuel；Cathode chamber forms (document Applied by 1mol/L Klorvess Liquid and Environmental Microbiology,1998,54,1472-1480)。
The electricity generation process of microbiological fuel cell of the present invention is：By injection port by matrix solution and a small amount of electricity-producing microorganism (mainly including mud bacterium, Shewanella, red spirillum etc.) is added to anode chamber, and electricity-producing microorganism oxidation is organic under anaerobic Fuel sodium acetate produces proton, electronics and carbon dioxide.Electronics is transferred to negative electrode through external circuit, and proton spreads via electrolyte To negative electrode.The reaction that negative electrode occurs is as follows：
O2+2H2O+4e-→4OH-
OH-+H+→H2O
Embodiment 1
The first step：It is prepared by nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite
By nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder according to mass ratio 1:50 mixing, it is placed in grinding 1h in mortar and fills Divide and mix to uniform.Mixed nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/cyanamide powder is placed in tube furnace, calcined at 550 DEG C anti- Answer 2h.Composite is obtained after the completion of reaction, composite is centrifuged afterwards several times with ethanol and milli-Q water respectively, with laggard Row drying, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is ultimately formed, SEM shape appearance figures are as shown in figure 1, Fig. 1 is real for the present invention Apply the SEM shape appearance figures of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite of example.
Second step：It is prepared by electrode
By nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material carbon black and binding agent PTFE according to mass ratio 10: 31:63 are sufficiently mixed, and add isopropanol reagent ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes；Ultrasonic mixing thing is equably applied to carbon cloth On, natural air drying 24 hours, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite catalysis electrode is made.After the same method will Pt/C catalysis electrodes can be made in conventional Pt/C catalyst, conductive material and binding agent mixing.
3rd step：Single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance test
As shown in Figure 2,15mL electricity-producing microorganism bacterium solution is fitted into single-chamber microbial fuel cell from import, respectively Fuel cell is used as using the nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe of above-mentioned preparation/nitridation carbon composite catalysis electrode and Pt/C catalysis electrodes Negative electrode.Fuel cell is accessed to 1000 ohm of outer resistance circuit, start recording electricity generation process, after treating that ceiling voltage output is stable Carry out fuel battery performance test.The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 1.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:10 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 2.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 2
As can be seen from Table 2, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:20 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 3.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:30 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 4.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 4
As can be seen from Table 4, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:40 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 5.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 5
As can be seen from Table 5, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:60 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 6.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 6
As can be seen from Table 6, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:70 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 7.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 7
As can be seen from Table 7, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:80 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 8.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 8
As can be seen from Table 8, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:90 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 9.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 9
As can be seen from Table 9, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is micro- for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Biological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses replacement Pt/C and urged The potential advantages of agent.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is 1 according to mass ratio with solid-state cyanamide powder:100 mixing.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 10.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 10
As can be seen from Table 10, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：By nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material charcoal Black and binding agent PTFE is according to mass ratio 10:20:50 are sufficiently mixed.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 11.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 11
As can be seen from Table 11, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 12
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：By nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material charcoal Black and binding agent PTFE is according to mass ratio 10:30:70 are sufficiently mixed.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 12.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 12
As can be seen from Table 12, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：By nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material charcoal Black and binding agent PTFE is according to mass ratio 10:40:80 are sufficiently mixed.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 13.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 13
As can be seen from Table 13, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：In second step electrode fabrication, composite, conductive material carbon black and viscous The mass ratio for tying agent PTFE is 10:15:32.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 14.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 14
As can be seen from Table 14, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 15
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：In second step electrode fabrication, composite, conductive material carbon black and viscous The mass ratio for tying agent PTFE is 10:48:98.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in Table 15.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 15
As can be seen from Table 15, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 16
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, The reaction temperature of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder is 450 DEG C.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 16.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 16
As can be seen from Table 16, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 17
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, The reaction temperature of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder is 500 DEG C.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1. The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 17.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 17
As can be seen from Table 17, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 18
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, The reaction temperature of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder is 600 DEG C.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 18.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 18
As can be seen from Table 18, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 19
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, The calcination reaction time of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder is 1h.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 19.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 19
As can be seen from Table 19, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 20
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, The calcination reaction time of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder is 1.5h.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 20.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 20
As can be seen from Table 20, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 21
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：When prepared by first step nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, The calcination reaction time of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and solid-state cyanamide powder is 3h.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1.
The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 21.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 21
As can be seen from Table 21, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 22
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：Conductive material is activated carbon.Other steps and parameter and the phase of embodiment 1 Together, the performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 22.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 22
As can be seen from Table 22, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 23
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：Conductive material is graphite.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1, The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 23.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 23
As can be seen from Table 23, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 24
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：Binding agent is Nafion5% solution.Other steps and parameter and implementation Example 1 is identical.The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 24.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 24
As can be seen from Table 24, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 25
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：Conductive substrates are carbon paper.Other steps and parameter are same as Example 1, The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in Table 25.
The different catalysis electrode single-chamber microbial fuel cell performance comparisions of table 25
As can be seen from Table 25, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for single chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
Embodiment 26
The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：As shown in Figure 3,15mL electricity-producing microorganisms bacterium solution is loaded from import The anode of double-chamber microbiological fuel cell, respectively with the nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe of above-mentioned preparation/nitridation carbon composite catalysis electricity The negative electrode of pole and Pt/C catalysis electrodes as fuel cell.Electricity generation performance of microbial fuel cell test operating procedure such as embodiment Described in 1.The performance of different catalysis electrode microbiological fuel cells is as shown in table 26.
The different catalysis electrode double-chamber microbiological fuel cell performance comparisions of table 26
As can be seen from Table 26, nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is used for dual chamber as oxygen reduction catalyst Microbiological fuel cell, have comparable in the catalytic activity and stability of conventional Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that it possesses and substitute Pt/C The potential advantages of catalyst.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and using this hair It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein General Principle is applied in other embodiment without by performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to implementation here Example, for those skilled in the art according to the announcement of the present invention, not departing from improvement that scope made and modification all should be Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
    Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe is mixed with solid-state cyanamide powder mull, by mixed nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/cyanamide Powder calcination reaction, then obtain nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/carbonitride with centrifuging, drying after ethanol and milli-Q water respectively Composite；
    The mass ratio of the nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe and cyanamide is 1:50；
    The temperature of the calcination reaction is 550 DEG C, time 2h.
  2. 2. the preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe according to claim 1/nitridation carbon composite, it is characterised in that： The time of the ground and mixed is 0.5~1.5h.
  3. A kind of 3. method for preparing catalysis electrode, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
    Nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite is obtained according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2；
    The nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, conductive material and binding agent are mixed, added into mixture Solvent is well mixed, ultrasonic disperse, and then ultrasonic mixing thing is evenly coated in conductive substrates, natural air drying, urged Polarizing electrode.
  4. 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that：The nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, lead The mass ratio of electric material and binding agent is 10:15~48:32~98.
  5. 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that：The nitrogen-doped carbon nanometer pipe/nitridation carbon composite, lead The mass ratio of electric material and binding agent is 10:31:63.
  6. 6. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that：The conductive material is carbon black, activated carbon or graphite.
  7. 7. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that：The binding agent is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or 5%Nafion Solution.
  8. 8. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that：The solvent is isopropanol；
    The time of the ultrasonic disperse is 20~40min；
    The conductive substrates are carbon cloth or carbon paper；
    The time of the natural air drying is 20~30 hours.
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