CN105304411B - Relay monitoring - Google Patents
Relay monitoring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105304411B CN105304411B CN201510434330.6A CN201510434330A CN105304411B CN 105304411 B CN105304411 B CN 105304411B CN 201510434330 A CN201510434330 A CN 201510434330A CN 105304411 B CN105304411 B CN 105304411B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- rel
- switch
- voltage
- conductor
- capacitor
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
- G01R31/3278—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind for monitoring at least one switch (Rel-Ll, Rel-N, Rel-PE the device of Functional Capability), wherein making ac voltage signal (U by signal generator (S) and at least one capacitor (C2)TR) be coupled in the current path of the switch to be monitored (Rel-PE), wherein ac voltage signal (UTR) conjunction is decoupled by least one other capacitor (C1) for detecting output voltage (U-out) again.It is a feature of the present invention that output voltage (U-out) is not present when at least one described switch (Rel-PE) closure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for monitoring the device of the Functional Capability of at least one switch, wherein passing through signal generator
It is coupled to ac voltage signal in the current path for the switch to be monitored at least one capacitor, wherein ac voltage signal
It is decoupled conjunction again by least one other capacitor for detecting output voltage.
Background technique
The present invention relates to the Functional Capability for checking switch, especially relay.When these switches have safe phase in circuit
It is mainly interested in the monitoring of Functional Capability in these switches when the task of pass.It therefore may be it is required that in failure situations
In for example ensure that current loop is separated with power grid in short circuit.This is only when for isolated switch also reliably operation and outstanding
It reliably disconnects to realize when current loop is separated with electric current power grid.
It is learnt by 10 2,006 054 877 A1 of open source literature DE for reliable turn-off electrical load (Verbraucher)
This safety switching apparatus.In wherein equipment of the disclosed safety switching apparatus for reliably turning off automatic operating
Electrical load and have at least one be used for connection signal deviceInput terminal.In addition, safety switch fills
It sets and is handled and control unit and at least one switch element that can be controlled by analysis processing with control unit with analysis.Institute
It states switch element and is configured to the electric current feed path interrupted to load.Be arranged herein, switch element be have at least two that
The alteration switch of the switching pathway of this substitution, wherein first switch path is located at into the electric current feed path of load, wherein the
Two switching pathways are directed to monitoring unit.Therefore, switch unit can be inputted by first switch input terminal or with second switch
End is connect with third switch input terminal.It is defeated to second switch input terminal or third switch for the monitoring of Functional Capability
Enter end and applies test signal.Ac voltage signal is used as test signal.If first switch input terminal and second switch are defeated
Enter end connection, then tests signal arriving signal analysis and processing unit and can be detected.It means that being filled by safety switch
Setting can determine whether switch is closed.
However, the unfavorable of safety switching apparatus described above is, switch disconnect when not read back waveform and therefore
It cannot clearly determine that switch is to disconnect or furthermore exist interrupting or only testing Signal Fail.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the task of the present invention is, create it is a kind of for monitor at least one switch Functional Capability device, it is described
Device can be realized the clear and off-state of detection switch and thereby, it is ensured that safety when shutdown voltage far and away.
The task is solved by claim 1 according to the present invention.Advantageous configuration of the invention by dependent claims,
Specification and attached drawing obtain.
The present invention is adapted to monitor for the Functional Capability of any switch in principle.But present invention is particularly suitable for check relay
Functional Capability.There are following danger in relay: in frequent switching process especially in high current in switching process
There is high temperature and thus there is the danger that switch contact is welded to one another.This leads to no longer to disconnect relay and therefore no longer
Current loop can be separated.This is security risk and therefore must reliably identify in safety-related current loop.It borrows
The present invention is helped, this can be reliably achieved.For this purpose, the device of the Functional Capability for monitoring at least one switch is sent out using signal
Raw device, the signal generator are led to by the electric current that ac voltage signal is coupled to the switch to be monitored by least one capacitor
Lu Zhong.In addition, the ac voltage signal can be by least one other capacitor for detecting output voltage again
Decoupling is closed.It is arranged now according to the present invention, only just there is output voltage when the switch disconnects, and is closed the switch when described
When be not present output voltage.This has the advantages that following big: only just can detecte output voltage when the switches are opened.If example
If signal generator fails, then output voltage is equally not present and therefore signal Switching is not turned off and therefore there is peace
Full problem.This can not achieve in the prior art in described above, so that the present invention significantly improves safety.
It is arranged in the particularly advantageous configuration of one kind of the invention, is concurrently arranged and monitors multiple switch, it is described more
A switch is applied with ac voltage signal by capacitor, and only just there is output voltage when all switches disconnect, and
Output voltage is not present when the only one closure in the switch.It can be realized by this manner and method, by signal
Generator and corresponding coupling capacitor monitor any number of parallel arrangement of switches, because only just when all switches disconnect
There are output voltages.Therefore, when the only one in parallel arrangement of switch, which has, to be damaged and no longer separate, there is no defeated
Out voltage and therefore at least one of signal Switching be damage.It can cost-effectively supervise by this manner and method
Depending on any number of switches, because it is only necessary to a unique signal generators in order to detect a unique output voltage.
In addition to the monitoring of relay, whether monitoring semiconductor switch also can be realized, for example to determine electrode
Short circuit and the switching function for therefore no longer guaranteeing semiconductor switch.
It is advantageously provided, switch is arranged in the conductor (Leiter), neutral conductor and protection conductor of voltage supply.It leads
Body, neutral conductor and protection conductor are parallel routes, they can be separated by each one switch with power grid according to the present invention.
Because the switch is all concurrently arranged, it can be realized and concurrently monitor that these switches are all to ensure to be reliably separated
Switch.Output voltage is not present when the only one in switch is no longer reliably separated and reliably identifies that safety is asked
Topic.Therefore it can be realized according to the present invention, ensure electricity by the way that switch is arranged in conductor, neutral conductor and protection conductor respectively
Press the reliable separation of feedway and power grid.
It is advantageously provided, ac voltage signal passes through the winding feed-in of transformer.In this case, it is not necessary to be arranged attached
The connecting pin for feed-in ac voltage signal added, the foot of ac voltage signal described in the armature winding feed-in by transformer
It is enough.Here, being particularly advantageous when signal generator is the component part for the power grid component of voltage supply.In this feelings
In shape, the high-frequency ac voltage for controlling power grid component is used to serve as alternating voltage as by-product (Nebenprodukt)
Signal.The ac voltage signal can then pass through the transformer winding the being already mentioned above unquestionably feed-in of power grid component.
This is avoided that individual signal generator is arranged.
It is arranged in another configuration of the invention, the detection of alternating voltage is realized by photoelectrical coupler.Photoelectric coupling
It is electrically separated between alternating voltage and output voltage detected that utensil has the advantage that the photoelectrical coupler can be realized.
It by this manner and method can be by the signal code circuit of the current loop with switch and the low-voltage with output voltage
It is reliably electrically separated.Alternatively for photoelectrical coupler, alternating voltage detected can also be transferred to output by transformer
End, also guarantees electrically separated in this case.
Furthermore it is advantageously provided, switch is arranged in the conductor and neutral conductor of voltage supply, and neutral conductor and leads
Body is electrically separated by capacitor.Guarantee the electrically separated of neutral conductor and conductor by this manner and method, wherein in order to monitor out
Ac voltage signal is fed into corresponding switch by the Functional Capability of pass still through capacitor.
Furthermore it is advantageously provided, the ac voltage signal base generated in the switch of at least one closure by signal generator
Without declining on photoelectrical coupler on resistance on this.Through the alternating voltage that is generated by signal generator under ohmically
Drop, the alternating voltage no longer reaches photoelectrical coupler, so that photoelectrical coupler does not provide output voltage.It therefore ensures that, extremely
There is no output voltage and therefore not disconnecting at least one switch is determined when the switch of a few closure far and away.
Furthermore it is advantageously provided, protection conductor is electrically separated by capacitor with neutral conductor and/or with conductor.In this feelings
In shape, not only neutral conductor and conductor are electrically separated from each other, but also protect conductor with neutral conductor and electrically separated with conductor.Pass through
This methods, switch can be reliably electrically separated from each other and at the same time passing through in protection conductor, neutral conductor and conductor
Capacitor for the ac voltage signal of detection function ability to supply.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in more detail and illustrated below according to attached drawing.Attached drawing is shown:
Attached drawing: it is according to the present invention for monitor voltage supply conductor, neutral conductor and protection conductor in three simultaneously
The circuit diagram of the device of the Functional Capability of the switch of row setting.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing shows a section of voltage supply device, and the voltage supply device is, for example, the storage for being used for electric vehicle
A part of the charging equipment of battery.In the situation of damage in charging unit, it must be supplied with the electric current of power grid reliable
Separation.In the accompanying drawings, this is by three relays --- and Rel-N in Rel-L1, neutral conductor N and protection in conductor L1 are led
Rel-PE in body PE is realized.By this manner and method, not only conductor L1 but also neutral conductor N but also protection conductor PE can be with
Decoupling merging and the therefore electric current between reliable interruption electric current grid charging equipment are supplied from the voltage of charging equipment.However, this
Only just ensure when relay reliability service.It especially must assure that and be reliably separated relay, so as to interrupt voltage supply.?
Transformer T is identified in attached drawing, and ac voltage signal can be coupled by the armature winding Tr of the transformer.The alternating current
Pressure signal generated by signal generator S, the signal generator can be again a part of charging unit and its for example for
Control electronic device of the ac voltage signal of semiconductor element in control switch power grid component from charging unit.
Conductor L1, neutral conductor N and protection conductor PE pass through capacitor C2, C3, C4 and secondary windings Tr1 connection respectively,
So that the alternating voltage of signal generator S can be coupled in switch by capacitor C2, C3, C4, and conductor L1, N, PE it
Between necessarily exist electrical connection.The alternating voltage is decoupled merging by another capacitor C1 again and is transferred to photoelectrical coupler
1, the photoelectrical coupler is in parallel to end the diode D1 connection that direction is connect.By photoelectrical coupler 1, left side is opened
Circuit is closed equally to separate with the area of low pressure on right side completely.
When all switch Rel-Ll, Rel-N, Rel-PE are disconnected, only decline small voltage and electricity on resistance R1
Stream flows through photoelectrical coupler.Thus, it is possible to which the output in photoelectrical coupler determines output voltage U-out.It means that total
It is when on right side, when output can determine output voltage U-out, all switch Rel-Ll, Rel-N and Rel-PE just break
It opens and is therefore reliably separated.When the only one closure in three switches Rel-Ll, Rel-N, Rel-PE, in resistance R1
It is upper to decline complete voltage and flow through photoelectrical coupler 1 without electric current.This leads to that output voltage is also not present in output
U-out。
When signal generator S fails and is coupled into without alternating voltage by transformer winding Tr at all, there is phase
Same effect.Photoelectrical coupler 1 is flowed through also without electric current, and output voltage U-out is not present.This meaning in opposite connection
Taste, only when on the one hand separating all switch Rel-Ll, Rel-N and Rel-PE and on the other hand signal generator S operation is simultaneously
And when feed-in alternating voltage, just there is output voltage U-out.In this case can be from following: relay be normally simultaneously
And the alternating voltage for carrying out automatic signal generator S correctly exists.Therefore, being not present for output voltage U-out is pointed out anyway
Failure --- either signal generator S damage or switch Rel-Ll, Rel-N and Rel-PE are not separated.Exist anyway
Failure and the corresponding warning of sending in charging equipment.Therefore, for three relays Rel-Ll, Rel-N and Rel-PE
Monitoring can also concurrently monitor any number of other relays it is only necessary to a unique signal generator S.In addition,
Pass through capacitor C3, C4 electrically separated conductor L1 and neutral conductor N.
There is the situation of electromagnetic interference for the alternating voltage by signal generator S, can by switch Ts connect and
The alternating voltage of cut-off signals generator S.Therefore it is possible that only being connected in short-term by switch Ts at definite intervals
Alternating voltage, to implement the test of switch Rel-Ll, Rel-N and Rel-PE and to be therefore restricted to electromagnetism incompatibility most
Small value.
Reference marker:
1 photoelectrical coupler
L1 conductor
N neutral conductor
PE protects conductor
Relay in Rel-Ll conductor
Relay in Rel-N neutral conductor
Rel-PE protects the relay in conductor
Tr armature winding
Tr1 secondary windings
T transformer
C1, C2, C3, C4, C10 capacitor
D1 diode
Rl, R2, R5 resistance
U-out output voltage
S signal generator
Ts switch
The voltage of Vcc photoelectrical coupler supplies
Claims (11)
1. the device of Functional Capability of the one kind for monitoring at least one switch (Rel-Ll, Rel-N, Rel-PE), wherein pass through
Signal generator (S) and at least one capacitor (C2) are by ac voltage signal (UTR) it is coupled to the switch to be monitored (Rel-PE)
Current path in, wherein the ac voltage signal (UTR) by for detect output voltage (U-out) at least one is another
Outer capacitor (C1) is decoupled conjunction again, which is characterized in that when at least one described switch (Rel-PE) closure, institute is not present
State output voltage (U-out).
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be concurrently arranged and monitor multiple switch (Rel-Ll,
Rel-N, Rel-PE), the multiple switch passes through the same exchange that signal generator (S) is applied on capacitor (C2, C3, C4)
Voltage signal (UTR), and only just there is output voltage (U- when all switches (Rel-Ll, Rel-N, Rel-PE) disconnect
Out), the output voltage (U- is not present when the only one in the switch (Rel-Ll, Rel-N, Rel-PE) is closed
out)。
3. device according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the switch to be monitored (Rel-Ll,
Rel-N, Rel-PE) it is relay.
4. device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that switch (Rel-Ll, Rel-N, the Rel-PE) setting
In the conductor (L1) of voltage supply, neutral conductor (N) and protection conductor (PE).
5. device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the ac voltage signal (UTR) pass through transformer (T)
Winding (Tr) feed-in.
6. device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the ac voltage signal (UTR) detection by light
Electric coupler (1) or transformer are realized.
7. device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that be not present in the failure of the signal generator (S)
The output voltage (U-out).
8. device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that switch (Rel-Ll, the Rel-N) setting is supplied in voltage
Conductor (L1) and neutral conductor (N) in, and neutral conductor (N) and conductor (L1) are electrically separated by capacitor (C3, C4).
9. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that at least one closure switch (Rel-Ll, Rel-N,
When Rel-PE), by the alternating voltage (U of the signal generator (S) generationTR) on resistance (R1) without in the photoelectric coupling
Device declines on (1).
10. according to claim 1-2, device described in any one of 8-9, which is characterized in that the signal generator (S) is to use
In the component part of the power grid component of voltage supply.
11. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the protection conductor (PE) and the neutral conductor (N)
And/or it is electrically separated by capacitor (C2) with the conductor (L1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014010958.5 | 2014-07-24 | ||
| DE102014010958 | 2014-07-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105304411A CN105304411A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105304411B true CN105304411B (en) | 2019-01-08 |
Family
ID=55065757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510434330.6A Active CN105304411B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2015-07-22 | Relay monitoring |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105304411B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102015211510A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017202476B4 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2018-10-31 | Db Netz Ag | Device for functional testing of a relay |
| CN106841876B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-07-09 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of monitoring method of relay protection outlet pressing plate |
| DE102017206103A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-11 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Switching arrangement for determining the state of a switching element |
| DE102018221059A1 (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-25 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | EDM |
| DE102018217135A1 (en) | 2018-10-08 | 2019-10-17 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Potential-free contact monitoring device for detecting the opening state of a switch |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006054877A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-21 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method and device for monitoring a switch unit |
| CN201294200Y (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-08-19 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Device for monitoring relay contact bounce |
| CN201355387Y (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-02 | 长沙中天科迅自动化设备有限公司 | State monitor of DC feed switch |
| CN101755371A (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2010-06-23 | 松下电工株式会社 | Charge monitoring device |
| CN101877477A (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-03 | 杨树昌 | Leakage protection switch for preventing three-phase power circuit from generating high voltage |
| EP2416339A2 (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | Schaefer GmbH | Self-monitoring button switch and accompanying monitoring method |
-
2015
- 2015-06-23 DE DE102015211510.0A patent/DE102015211510A1/en active Pending
- 2015-07-22 CN CN201510434330.6A patent/CN105304411B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006054877A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-21 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method and device for monitoring a switch unit |
| CN101755371A (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2010-06-23 | 松下电工株式会社 | Charge monitoring device |
| CN201294200Y (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-08-19 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Device for monitoring relay contact bounce |
| CN201355387Y (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-02 | 长沙中天科迅自动化设备有限公司 | State monitor of DC feed switch |
| CN101877477A (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-03 | 杨树昌 | Leakage protection switch for preventing three-phase power circuit from generating high voltage |
| EP2416339A2 (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | Schaefer GmbH | Self-monitoring button switch and accompanying monitoring method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105304411A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| DE102015211510A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
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