CN105006980B - The three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies overlapped based on carrier wave - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies overlapped based on carrier wave to be specifically implemented according to the following steps using three level neutral-point-clamped current transformer of voltage-type；Step 1, carrier wave overlap mode is selected；Step 2, carrier wave overlapping ranges are determined；Step 3, three-phase modulations wave is determined；Step 4, modulating wave obtains every mutually each switching tube switching signal, turning on and off for each switching tube is controlled with switching signal compared with carrier wave, so as to complete control process.The present invention is based on the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies that carrier wave overlaps, which is reduced by closed-loop control by the overlapping caused three level NPC converter system DC capacitor voltages fluctuation of carrier wave, and this method realizes simple, good application effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power electronics field, the three level NPC current transformers PWM for being related to overlapping based on carrier wave control plan
Slightly.
Background technology
Three level neutral-point-clampeds (Neutral Point Clamped, that is, NPC) current transformer (main circuit topology figure such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show) have the advantages that small output power, output waveform THD, device voltage stress and system EMI are low etc. various, thus quilt
It is widely used in high-power occasion.In three-level current transformer, modulation strategy is a pass of three level NPC current transformers
Key technology is born so far from three level NPC current transformers, and scholars just never stop the research of its modulation strategy.By
Research in more than 20 years, there are many three-level modulation strategies to come out at present, but what is be wherein most widely used is still carrier wave
Modulation strategy (Carrier-based PWM strategy).
It is three level NPC current transformer conventional carrier modulation strategy schematic diagrames, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 U as shown in Figures 2 and 3rxFor x (x
=a, b, c) phase modulating wave, Uc1And Uc2For two carrier waves of x phases.Since common portion being not present between two carrier wave regions,
This carrier modulation strategy is referred to as three level carriers stacking modulation strategy, according between two carrier waves in carrier wave stacking strategy
Phase relation, and carrier wave stacking strategy can be divided into following two：
(a) carrier wave is the same as mutually stacking modulation strategy (Phase disposition pulse width modulation, PD-
PWM the identical carrier wave stacking strategy of phase of)-upper and lower two carrier waves, it is specific as shown in Figure 2.
(b) carrier wave reverse phase stacking modulation strategy (Phase opposition disposition pulse width
Modulation, POD-PWM)-upper and lower two carrier waves opposite in phase carrier wave stacking strategy, it is specific as shown in Figure 3.
In recent years, scholars have found that the phase relation between more than two carrier waves is the control freedom of carrier modulation strategy
It spends, the offset relationship between carrier wave can also be used as the performance of one degree of freedom control carrier modulation strategy, while consider carrier wave
Phase and the modulation strategy of offset are known as overlapping modulation (the Carrier overlapping pulse width of carrier wave
Modulation, COPWM) strategy, specific as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, wherein Urx、Uc1And Uc2For x phases modulating wave and two triangles
Carrier wave, V are the perunit value (V that carrier wave overlaps carrier widths in method>1), according to the phase between two carrier waves in the overlapping strategy of carrier wave
Position relationship, carrier wave can also be overlapped strategy be divided into carrier wave with overlap mutually modulation strategy (COPWM-A) and carrier wave reverse phase stacking tune
System is tactful (COPWM-B).
Further investigation revealed that carrier wave overlaps strategy can improve three level NPC converter systems to a certain extent
DC voltage utilization rate, carrier wave, which overlaps strategy, makes DC capacitor voltage fluctuation slightly reduce.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies overlapped based on carrier wave, the strategies
It can reduce and three level NPC current transformer DC capacitor voltages fluctuation caused by method is overlapped by carrier wave.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, based on the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies that carrier wave overlaps, to adopt
With three level neutral-point-clamped current transformer of voltage-type, it is specifically implemented according to the following steps；
Step 1, carrier wave overlap mode is selected；
Step 2, carrier wave overlapping ranges are determined；
Step 3, three-phase modulations wave is determined；
Step 4, modulating wave obtains every mutually each switching tube switching signal compared with carrier wave, and each switch is controlled with switching signal
Pipe turns on and off, so as to complete control process.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Selection carrier wave overlap mode is specially in step 1：
A) when system exchange side is three-phase three-line system, overlap mutually method using carrier wave is same；
B) when system exchange side is monophase system or three-phase four-wire system, method is overlapped using carrier wave reverse phase.
Determine that carrier wave overlapping ranges are specially in step 2；
In formula (1), Uaz(t) the output phase voltage of method, ω are overlapped for carrier wavesTo modulate angular frequency, ωcFor carrier wave angle
Frequency, A are fundamental voltage amplitude, and B is modulating wave harmonic amplitude, and C is carrier wave harmonic amplitude, and D and E are sideband harmonic wave width
Value,
Wherein, output performance is influenced maximum to be fundamental voltage amplitude A and modulating wave harmonic amplitude B, expression formula point
It is not：
In formula (2) and (3), UdcFor DC capacitor total voltage, M is modulating wave fundamental voltage amplitude perunit value,
By formula (2) and (3) it is found that V≤1+M；
V≤1.5 are set, accordingly, obtain the expression formula for determining V：
In formula (4), V is the perunit value that carrier wave overlaps carrier widths in method.
The determination of step 3 modulating wave is specially：
A) setting three-phase modulations wave U when initialrxFor standard sine wave；
B) three-phase modulations wave U is calculatedrxFor standard sine wave when caused midpoint electric current；
Three level NPC current transformer DC sides midpoint electric currents are made of three parts, as shown in formula (5), wherein ioxIt indicates by x
Midpoint electric current caused by phase current, x=a, b or c, ioxWith phase current ixAs shown in formula (6), dx2And dx1X phases 2 are indicated respectively
The real-time duty ratio of pipe and 1 pipe,
io=ioa+iob+ioc (5)
iox=(dx2-dx1)×ix(x=a, b, c) (6)
X phases 1 are managed and the real-time duty ratio of 2 pipes is：
In formula (7), x1, x2And x3, x4Indicate x phases modulating wave with upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period respectively
Interior intersection moment, x=a, a phases modulating wave and its expression formula of intersection moment of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period
As shown in formula (8)：
X=b, b phase modulating wave and its expression formula of intersection moment of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period are such as public
Shown in formula (9)：
X=c, c phase modulating wave and its expression formula of intersection moment of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period are such as public
Shown in formula (10)：
It brings formula (7)-(10) into formula (6) and obtains the midpoint electric current i caused by x phase load electric currentsoxExpression formula：
(11) are substituted into (5) and according to the fluctuation relationship of midpoint electric current and DC capacitor voltage：
In formula (12), the fluctuation relationship of midpoint electric current and DC capacitor voltage is△ u are DC capacitor electricity
Pressure fluctuation situation, △ T are switch periods, and C is DC capacitor voltage；
C) structure control closed loop is determined as that DC capacitor voltage is inhibited to fluctuate the zero-sequence component that need to be superimposed in modulating wave
Uo,
By the △ u being calculated in b) compared with 0, result after PI controllers by obtaining need to being superimposed in modulating wave
Zero-sequence component Uo,
D) by UoWith a) in give sinusoidal modulation wave UrxIt is added, x=a, b, c is to get three-phase modulations wave Uao、Ubo、Uco。
Step 4 is specially：
The three-phase modulations wave U that step 3 is obtainedao、Ubo、UcoRespectively with upper and lower carrier wave Uc2And Uc1Compare, if certain is mutually modulated
Wave is more than upper carrier wave Uc2, then top-down first, second switching tube of the phase is open-minded, third, the shutdown of the 4th switching tube, if certain
Phase modulating wave is less than upper carrier wave Uc2More than modulated wave Uc1, then second, third top-down switching tube of the phase is open-minded, the
One, the 4th switching tube turns off, if certain phase modulating wave is less than modulated wave Uc1, then the top-down third of the phase, the 4th switch
Manage open-minded, the first, second switching tube shutdown.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is based on the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies that carrier wave overlaps, should
Strategy is reduced by closed-loop control by the overlapping caused three level NPC converter system DC capacitor voltages fluctuation of carrier wave, the party
Method realizes simple, good application effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three level NPC main circuit of converter topological diagrams；
Fig. 2 is three level carriers with mutually stacking modulation strategy schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is three level carrier reverse phases stacking modulation strategy schematic diagram；
Fig. 4, which is that three level carriers are same, overlaps mutually modulation strategy schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that three level carrier reverse phases overlap modulation strategy schematic diagram；
Fig. 6, which is that three level carriers are same, overlaps mutually 4 switching tube oscillograms of method a phases；
Fig. 7 is that carrier wave overlaps method zero sequence point in the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies overlapped the present invention is based on carrier wave
Measure UoDetermination method schematic；
Fig. 8 is the emulation of the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategy output voltage pulses overlapped the present invention is based on carrier wave
Figure；
Fig. 9 is that the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies DC capacitor voltages overlapped the present invention is based on carrier wave fluctuate
Analogous diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies overlapped based on carrier wave, using as shown in Figure 1
Three level neutral-point-clamped current transformer of voltage-type, including three-phase alternating current part (if three-level inverter structure, then three-phase alternating current portion
It is divided into load；If devices such as three-level rectifier, static reactive generators, then three-phase alternating current part is that alternating current source adds three intersections
Levelling wave reactor), (if three-level inverter structure, then DC side External connecting part is straight to three level DC side External connecting part
Galvanic electricity potential source, the DC source can be practical power, or the DC source obtained by AC power rectification；It is whole if three level
Device structure is flowed, then DC side External connecting part is load；If three level static reacance generators, then DC side is without External connecting part),
At three level neutral-point-clamped main circuit of converter part of voltage-type, voltage sensor, current sensor, AD conversion chip and number
Manage device, wherein voltage sensor detects three-phase alternating current portion voltage and exchanged with each capacitance voltage of DC side, current sensor detection
Each phase current in side, voltage sensor and current sensor are connect by AD conversion chip with digital processing unit, digital processing unit with
The switch of each power device in corresponding driving circuit control three-level current transformer；
It is specifically implemented according to the following steps；
Step 1, carrier wave overlap mode is selected；
Studies have shown that in the overlapping strategy of two kinds of carrier waves, carrier wave is small with the output line voltage THD for overlapping mutually strategy, carrier wave
The output phase voltage THD that reverse phase overlaps strategy is small.According to this theoretical foundation, selection carrier wave overlap mode is specially：
A) when system exchange side is three-phase three-line system, overlap mutually method using carrier wave is same；
B) when system exchange side is monophase system or three-phase four-wire system, method is overlapped using carrier wave reverse phase；
Step 2, carrier wave overlapping ranges are determined；
Determine that carrier wave overlapping ranges are specially；
In formula (1), Uaz(t) the output phase voltage of method, ω are overlapped for carrier wavesTo modulate angular frequency, ωcFor carrier wave angle
Frequency, A are fundamental voltage amplitude, and B is modulating wave harmonic amplitude, and C is carrier wave harmonic amplitude, and D and E are sideband harmonic wave width
Value,
Wherein, output performance is influenced maximum to be fundamental voltage amplitude A and modulating wave harmonic amplitude B, expression formula point
It is not：
In formula (2) and (3), UdcFor DC capacitor total voltage, M is modulating wave fundamental voltage amplitude perunit value,
By formula (2) and (3) it is found that V≤1+M；
In practice, the more big then DC voltage utilization rates of V are higher, but low-order harmonic content also increases in output waveform, so
It needs to make a concrete analysis of, in order to reduce the low-order harmonic content in output waveform in the present invention, sets V≤1.5, accordingly, obtain determining V
Expression formula：
In formula (4), V is the perunit value that carrier wave overlaps carrier widths in method；
Step 3, three-phase modulations wave is determined；
The determination of modulating wave is specially：
A) setting three-phase modulations wave U when initialrxFor standard sine wave；
B) three-phase modulations wave U is calculatedrxFor standard sine wave when caused midpoint electric current；
Research shows that：DC capacitor voltage fluctuation is proportional to midpoint current fluctuation, therefore is caused by calculating the overlapping method of carrier wave
The fluctuation of midpoint electric current calculates influence of this method to capacitance voltage,
Three level NPC current transformer DC sides midpoint electric currents are made of three parts, as shown in formula (5), wherein ioxIt indicates by x
Midpoint electric current caused by phase current, x=a, b or c, ioxWith phase current ixAs shown in formula (6), dx2And dx1X phases 2 are indicated respectively
The real-time duty ratio of pipe and 1 pipe,
io=ioa+iob+ioc (5)
iox=(dx2-dx1)×ix(x=a, b, c) (6)
X phases 1 are managed and the real-time duty ratio of 2 pipes is：As Fig. 6 gives the oscillogram of four switching tubes of a phases：
In formula (7), x1, x2And x3, x4Indicate x phases modulating wave with upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period respectively
Interior intersection moment, x=a, a phases modulating wave and its expression formula of intersection moment of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period
As shown in formula (8)：
X=b, b phase modulating wave and its expression formula of intersection moment of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period are such as public
Shown in formula (9)：
X=c, c phase modulating wave and its expression formula of intersection moment of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period are such as public
Shown in formula (10)：
It brings formula (7)-(10) into formula (6) and obtains the midpoint electric current i caused by x phase load electric currentsoxExpression formula：
(11) are substituted into (5) and according to the fluctuation relationship of midpoint electric current and DC capacitor voltage：
In formula (12), the fluctuation relationship of midpoint electric current and DC capacitor voltage is△ u are DC capacitor electricity
Pressure fluctuation situation, △ T are switch periods, and C is DC capacitor voltage；
C) structure control closed loop is determined as that DC capacitor voltage is inhibited to fluctuate the zero-sequence component that need to be superimposed in modulating wave
Uo,
By the △ u being calculated in b) compared with 0, as shown in fig. 7, its result need to modulated by being obtained after PI controllers
The zero-sequence component U being superimposed in waveo；
D) by UoWith a) in give sinusoidal modulation wave UrxIt is added, x=a, b, c is to get three-phase modulations wave Uao、Ubo、Uco；
Step 4, modulating wave obtains every mutually each switching tube switching signal compared with carrier wave, and each switch is controlled with switching signal
Pipe turns on and off, so as to complete control process；
Step 4 is specially：
The three-phase modulations wave U that step 3 is obtainedao、Ubo、UcoRespectively with upper and lower carrier wave Uc2And Uc1Compare, if certain is mutually modulated
Wave is more than upper carrier wave Uc2, then top-down first, second switching tube of the phase is open-minded, third, the shutdown of the 4th switching tube, if certain
Phase modulating wave is less than upper carrier wave Uc2More than modulated wave Uc1, then second, third top-down switching tube of the phase is open-minded, the
One, the 4th switching tube turns off, if certain phase modulating wave is less than modulated wave Uc1, then the top-down third of the phase, the 4th switch
Manage open-minded, the first, second switching tube shutdown.
System shown in Figure 1 is emulated in Matlab/Simulink softwares, setting basic parameter is as shown in table 1：
1 three level NPC converter simulation parameters of table
Emulation knot as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 is obtained according to simulation parameter in table 1 using Matlab/Simulink softwares
Fruit is schemed；Wherein Fig. 8 is the imitative of the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategy output voltage pulses overlapped the present invention is based on carrier wave
True figure, Fig. 9 are the imitative of the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategy DC capacitor voltages fluctuation overlapped the present invention is based on carrier wave
True figure.By Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 it is found that the method for the present invention can preferably realize PWM modulation, simultaneously as closed-loop control is introduced,
The present invention can reduce by the overlapping caused three level NPC converter system DC capacitor voltages fluctuation of carrier wave.
Claims (3)
1. based on the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies that carrier wave overlaps, using three level neutral-point-clamped unsteady flow of voltage-type
Device, which is characterized in that be specifically implemented according to the following steps；
Step 1, carrier wave overlap mode is selected；
Step 2, carrier wave overlapping ranges are determined, specially：
In formula (1), Uaz(t) the output phase voltage of method, ω are overlapped for carrier wavesTo modulate angular frequency, ωcFor carrier angular frequencies,
A is fundamental voltage amplitude, and B is modulating wave harmonic amplitude, and C is carrier wave harmonic amplitude, and D and E are sideband harmonic amplitude,
Wherein, output performance is influenced maximum be respectively for fundamental voltage amplitude A and modulating wave harmonic amplitude B, expression formula：
In formula (2) and (3), UdcFor DC capacitor total voltage, M is modulating wave fundamental voltage amplitude perunit value,
By formula (2) and (3) it is found that V≤1+M；
V≤1.5 are set, accordingly, obtain the expression formula for determining V：
In formula (4), V is the perunit value that carrier wave overlaps carrier widths in method；
Step 3, three-phase modulations wave is determined, specially：
A) setting three-phase modulations wave U when initialrxFor standard sine wave；
B) three-phase modulations wave U is calculatedrxFor standard sine wave when caused midpoint electric current；
Three level NPC current transformer DC sides midpoint electric currents are made of three parts, as shown in formula (5), wherein ioxIt indicates by x phase electricity
Midpoint electric current, x=a, b or c, i caused by streamoxWith phase current ixAs shown in formula (6), dx2And dx1Indicate that x phases 2 are managed and 1 respectively
The real-time duty ratio of pipe,
io=ioa+iob+ioc (5)
iox=(dx2-dx1)×ix(x=a, b, c) (6)
X phases 1 are managed and the real-time duty ratio of 2 pipes is：
In formula (7), x1, x2And x3, x4Phase of the x phases modulating wave with upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period is indicated respectively
It hands over the moment, x=a, a phases modulating wave and intersection moment its expression formula such as formula of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period
(8) shown in：
X=b, b phase modulating wave and intersection moment its expression formula such as formula (9) of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period
It is shown：
X=c, c phase modulating wave and intersection moment its expression formula such as formula of upper carrier wave and lower carrier wave in a power frequency period
(10) shown in：
It brings formula (7)-(10) into formula (6) and obtains the midpoint electric current i caused by x phase load electric currentsoxExpression formula：
(11) are substituted into (5) and according to the fluctuation relationship of midpoint electric current and DC capacitor voltage：
In formula (12), the fluctuation relationship of midpoint electric current and DC capacitor voltage is△ u are DC capacitor voltage wave
Emotionally condition, △ T are switch periods, and C is DC capacitor voltage；
C) structure control closed loop is determined as that DC capacitor voltage is inhibited to fluctuate the zero-sequence component U that need to be superimposed in modulating waveo,
By the △ u being calculated in b) compared with 0, result after PI controllers by obtaining the zero sequence that need to be superimposed in modulating wave
Component Uo,
D) by UoWith a) in give sinusoidal modulation wave UrxIt is added, x=a, b, c is to get three-phase modulations wave Uao、Ubo、Uco；
Step 4, modulating wave obtains every mutually each switching tube switching signal, each switching tube is controlled with switching signal compared with carrier wave
It turns on and off, so as to complete control process.
2. the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies according to claim 1 overlapped based on carrier wave, which is characterized in that
Selection carrier wave overlap mode is specially in the step 1：
A) when system exchange side is three-phase three-line system, overlap mutually method using carrier wave is same；
B) when system exchange side is monophase system or three-phase four-wire system, method is overlapped using carrier wave reverse phase.
3. the three level NPC current transformer PWM control strategies according to claim 1 overlapped based on carrier wave, which is characterized in that
The step 4 is specially：
The three-phase modulations wave U that step 3 is obtainedao、Ubo、UcoRespectively with upper and lower carrier wave Uc2And Uc1Compare, if certain phase modulating wave is more than
Upper carrier wave Uc2, then top-down first, second switching tube of the phase is open-minded, third, the shutdown of the 4th switching tube, if certain is mutually modulated
Wave is less than upper carrier wave Uc2More than modulated wave Uc1, then second, third top-down switching tube of the phase is open-minded, and the first, the 4th
Switching tube turns off, if certain phase modulating wave is less than modulated wave Uc1, then the top-down third of the phase, the 4th switching tube are open-minded,
First, second switching tube turns off.
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| CN105226982B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-01-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of three level NPC inverter midpoint potential balance control methods based on midpoint electric current |
| CN107317500B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-05-21 | 清华大学 | A kind of bus capacitor voltage balancing control method of four level converter of neutral point clamp |
| CN107994800A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-04 | 北京交通大学 | Sawtooth carrier wave PWM modulation SC-SPWM methods with common-mode voltage rejection ability |
| CN114257114A (en) * | 2021-12-11 | 2022-03-29 | 中科华士电气科技南京有限公司 | Three-level converter control method and system based on carrier phase shift modulation |
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