CN104796025B - A kind of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure - Google Patents
A kind of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104796025B CN104796025B CN201510224123.8A CN201510224123A CN104796025B CN 104796025 B CN104796025 B CN 104796025B CN 201510224123 A CN201510224123 A CN 201510224123A CN 104796025 B CN104796025 B CN 104796025B
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- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of improved structure of Modular multilevel converter submodule, including the first switch module and second switch module being serially connected, the positive pole of the negative pole connection second switch module of first switch module；The positive pole of first electric capacity is connected with the positive pole of first switch module, and the negative pole of the first electric capacity is connected with the negative pole of second switch module；3rd switch module negative pole is connected with the negative pole of second switch module, and the 3rd switch module is composed in parallel by current-limiting apparatus and switching device, and switching device is made up of insulated gate bipolar transistor and diode inverse parallel, and current-limiting apparatus is made up of electric capacity and Diode series.Present invention is mainly applied in the modular multi-level converter of high voltage large capcity, when DC side failure, can effectively realize the locking of direct fault current, Fault Isolation is preferably realized, while act without AC circuit breaker.The present invention is simple in construction, after fault clearance, there is quick failover capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system transmission ＆ distribution electro-technical field, is related to a kind of new submodule of modularization multi-level converter
Topology.
Background technology
Technology of HVDC based Voltage Source Converter is city high-voltage fence to solve the grid-connected bottleneck of the regenerative resources such as Large Scale Wind Farm Integration
Capacity-increasing transformation, Power System Interconnection and island with power provide new tool and technical scheme, there is stronger technical advantage, be change
The strategic choice of bulk power grid development pattern, has been included in《National energy science and technology " 12 " planning》High-performance power transmission and transformation key is set
It is standby, it is the major technologies and equipment for needing focus technology to tackle key problems.
Because flexible DC power transmission grows up on the basis of customary DC transmission of electricity, therefore except customary DC is defeated
Advantage possessed by power technology, flexible DC power transmission is transmitted electricity than customary DC also has densification, modularized design, is easy to move
Dynamic, installation, debugging and maintenance, the advantages that being easy to extend and realize multi-terminal HVDC transmission.
MMC-HVDC (HVDC Transmission Technology based on modularization multi-level converter) is VSC-HVDC (voltage source converters
Type D.C. high voltage transmission) in a kind of new structure.Compared with cascaded H-bridges current transformer, MMC remains the structure of high modularization
Feature, while there is a high voltage dc bus again, output voltage, the four quadrant running of output current can be realized.And tradition
Two, three-level current transformer compare, the pressure of switching tube series and parallel, the problem of flowing is not present in MMC.MMC each submodule
Block structure is relatively easy, and control is easy, can be with infinite expanding, especially suitable for HVDC fields.Because MMC is by VSC two level
Or three level bring up to tens level even level up to a hundred, so as to increase system voltage etc. on the basis for maintaining resistance to voltage levels
Level, greatly reduce the switching frequency of switching device so as to reduce switching loss, output voltage waveforms more convergence sine wave so as to
Further underproduction harmonic content.Meanwhile MMC uses completely the same modular technology, its modular construction makes its scalability
By force, Redundant Control is easy to implement, has considerable advantage in research and development, manufacture, dynamic and static state voltage equipoise and in terms of reducing circulation.
In terms of engineering construction, Nanhui wind power plant flexible transmission demonstration project, as first, China MMC engineerings, in
In July, 2011 completes the acceptance of work, turns into the HVDC power transmission engineerings based on MMC that the first bar in China formally puts it into commercial operation.South simultaneously
The Large Scale Wind Farm Integration flexible DC power transmission engineering of net and state's net end flexible direct current engineering of Zhoushan five are built.
Traditional MMC-HVDC engineering generally use direct current cables is transmitted, and direct current cables safety and stability performance is preferable,
But its price is higher, long distance powedr transmission cost is higher.And cheap, radiating effect is more used in the transmission of Large Copacity
More preferable overhead line transmission.And in overhead line transmission, traditional half-bridge structure inherently lacks DC Line Fault isolating power：When
When DC side breaks down, the antiparallel fly-wheel diode of full-controlled switch device easily forms trouble point AC system and directly connected
Energy feeding loop, it is necessary to cut off by tripping AC circuit breaker, its shortcoming be mechanical response relatively it is slow (at the soonest
Need 2~3 cycles), the normal transmission of electric power is influenceed, while excessively stream and the overvoltage of converter valve device may be caused.Generally require
Using complementary measures such as increase equipment nominal parameter, configuration high-speed by-pass switches, therefore the topology is not particularly suited for easily occurring
The overhead transmission line transmission of electricity of the temporary faults such as flashover, and need to lay and involve great expense, the cable run that fault rate is low.
Therefore, being capable of effective isolated DC failure, it is necessary to design new sub-modular structure.
The content of the invention
For problem described above and the application requirement in high-power occasion, base of the present invention in original half-bridge structure
A kind of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure is proposed on plinth, is made up of the half-bridge structure and current limliting module connected,
New improved structure does not change structure, control strategy and the capacitor voltage equalizing mode of original submodule, and improving part in series can be real
Now individually control.New improved structure improves the fault ride-through capacity of system, in DC side failure, can be effectively isolated
Fault current.
Technical solution of the present invention：A kind of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure, by half-bridge structure and current limliting
Block coupled in series forms；The half-bridge structure includes first switch module, second switch module and the first electric capacity being serially connected；Institute
The negative pole for stating first switch module is connected with the positive pole of second switch module；The positive pole and first switch module of first electric capacity
Positive pole be connected, the negative pole of the first electric capacity is connected with the negative pole of second switch module；
The current limliting module is made up of the second electric capacity, diode and the 3rd switch module；The negative level of the diode and
The positive pole of two electric capacity is connected, and the positive pole of diode is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd switch module, the negative pole of the 3rd switch module and
The negative level of two electric capacity is connected, and the second electric capacity of current limliting module is born level and is connected with the negative level of second switch module；
Node between the negative pole of the first switch module of the half-bridge structure and the positive pole of second switch module is described
The input of topological structure, the node between the positive pole and diode cathode of the 3rd switch module of current limliting module are the topology
The output end of structure.
Further, the first switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switch module are double by an insulated gate
Bipolar transistor and a diode inverse parallel composition.
Further, under normal operation, the insulated gate bipolar transistor of the 3rd switch module in current limliting module
Apply pulse always, make it in the conduction state always, so that the second electric capacity and diode are in short-circuit condition, to output
Without influence.
A kind of modularization multi-level converter realized based on Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure, including
Three facies units, each facies unit divide upper and lower bridge arm, and each bridge arm includes the submodule topological structure of several series connection, per phase
The submodule topological structure quantity of upper and lower bridge arm series connection is identical；Upper and lower bridge arm is connected current-limiting reactor respectively, per mutually from top to bottom
For：All submodules of upper bridge arm, upper bridge arm reactor, lower bridge arm reactor, all submodules of lower bridge arm；And per phase upper and lower bridge arm
The external three-phase alternating voltage in junction, the input of upper bridge arm the top submodule topological structure is connected with direct-flow positive pole, under
Bridge arm bottom submodule output end is connected with direct current negative pole.
Further, in DC transmission system, when the bipolar short trouble of DC side generation, fault current is first detected,
The trigger signal of all first switch modules and second switch module is then shut off, simultaneously turns off the 3rd switch in current limliting module
Module by signal, electric current pass through the diode and the second electric capacity of current limliting module after the output end of topological structure enters topological structure
Flowed out from the input of topological structure, and no longer pass through the 3rd switch module of current limliting module and the first electric capacity.The structure can
Fault current is cut down by electric capacity, reaches and eliminates failure purpose.Half-bridge structure institute shunt capacitance is not passed through electric current, is protected,
So that can fast quick-recovery after failure.
Further, when described failure is direct current permanent fault, detailed process is：Shut-off first switch module,
The trigger pulse of insulated gate bipolar transistor in second switch module and the 3rd switch module, it is then turned off AC open circuit
Device, overhauled, after fault restoration, carry out reclosing, be then turned on first switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switching molding
Block.
Further, when described failure is direct current temporary fault, detailed process is：Shut-off first switch module,
The trigger pulse of insulated gate bipolar transistor in second switch module and the 3rd switch module, wait DC side fault current are
After zero, the insulated gate bipolar transistor of retriggered first switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switch module, establish
DC voltage, waiting system enter steady-state operation.
Technical solution of the present invention：Present invention is generally directed to the bipolar short trouble of DC side, study under bipolar short trouble, therefore
Hinder switch off current mechanism, braking measure.
The advantage of the invention is that：1) in the transmitting procedure of high-voltage large-capacity, DC side failure can effectively be suppressed
Electric current, acted without AC circuit breaker；2) circuit can be effectively protected atom module capacitance, can after fault recovery
Realize and quickly recover；3) compared with other topological structures, component is saved.
Brief description of the drawings
The modular multilevel that Fig. 1 is the present invention improves submodule topology theory figure.
Fig. 2 is the three-phase modular multilevel current transformer schematic diagram containing new sub-modular structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that electric current flows to schematic diagram from positive pole (1 end) inflow current under DC Line Fault of the invention.
Fig. 4 is that electric current flows to schematic diagram from negative pole (2 end) inflow current under DC Line Fault of the invention.
Fig. 5 is current direction schematic diagram under bipolar short-circuit DC Line Fault of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the topology of improved modularization multi-level converter submodel proposed by the present invention.Wherein 2 ends series connection one by
The di-cap series connection module in parallel with IGBT again.For the structure in normal work, the IGBT of 2 ends series connection is in constantly on
State, electric capacity are short-circuited, and former half-bridge sub-modular structure is controlled according to original control method, without entering to original modulator approach
Row changes, and also submodule output voltage is not influenceed.When DC side breaks down, the IGBT of 2 ends series connection is turned off.
Fig. 2 is three-phase modular multilevel converter structure, the modified submodule group of each submodule as shown in Figure 1
Into.
Fig. 3 is that electric current flows into from 1 end when DC side breaks down, and electric current flows through atom module capacitance C1, then through D3 from
3 ends outflow (electric capacity for being not passed through parallel connection).
Fig. 4 is that electric current flows into from 2 ends when DC side breaks down, electric current flow through parallel connection resistance capacitance, then through D2 from
Flow out at 1 end.The structure can cut down fault current by electric capacity, reach and eliminate failure purpose.Half-bridge structure institute shunt capacitance is not
Electric current is flowed through, is protected so that can fast quick-recovery after failure.
Illustrate with reference to the accompanying drawings, when being run under normal condition, IGBT (S3) place of the 3rd switch in current limliting module
Di-cap in normally open, current limliting module does not have electric current to pass through.When bipolar short trouble occurs for system, shut-off limit
3rd switch S3 in flow module, fault current is from the upper branch road electric capacity of current limliting module by being filled to current limliting module capacitance C2
Electricity.
Fig. 5 is the current flow diagrams when bipolar short trouble occurs, and figure is by taking A, B two-phase as an example (per a mutually simplified son
Module replacement).When failure, electric current goes out flowing from one opposite failure of power network, and electric current passes through a phase bridge arm, then by failure
Point, then after other phase bridge arm, flow into another phase.As shown in figure 5, it is D that electric current, which flows through path,B4-CB2-DB2-DA4-CA2-
DA2.Electric current is common to cross 2N submodule, and each submodule voltage is Um, grid connection point is line voltage UAB。
Udc=NUm
UAB=2NUm+2N×(UD2+UD4)
It can obtain：
And because：M ＜ 1
UD2+UD4＜ 0
Wherein：UdcDC voltage in the case of being up；UAAnd UBIt is three-phase alternating current side output A phases and B phases respectively
Phase voltage；M is modulation ratio；UABIt is the line voltage of AB phases；UD2And UD4It is diode D in submodule respectively2And D4Both end voltage.
Understand that diode bears backward voltage, failure shut-off, reliable turn-off fault current.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, still, the present invention are not limited in above-mentioned embodiment
Detail, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, a variety of equivalents can be carried out to technical scheme, this
A little equivalents belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure, it is characterised in that：By half-bridge structure and current limliting module string Connection composition；The half-bridge structure includes first switch module, second switch module and the first electric capacity；The first switch module Negative pole is connected with the positive pole of second switch module；The positive pole of first electric capacity is connected with the positive pole of first switch module, and first The negative pole of electric capacity is connected with the negative pole of second switch module；The current limliting module is made up of the second electric capacity, diode and the 3rd switch module；The negative level of the diode and the second electricity The positive pole of appearance is connected, and the positive pole of diode is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd switch module, the negative pole of the 3rd switch module and the second electricity The negative level held is connected, and the second electric capacity of current limliting module is born level and is connected with the negative level of second switch module；Node between the negative pole of the first switch module of the half-bridge structure and the positive pole of second switch module is the topology The input of structure, the node between the positive pole and diode cathode of the 3rd switch module of current limliting module are the topological structure Output end.
- A kind of 2. topological structure of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute First switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switch module are stated by an insulated gate bipolar transistor and two poles Pipe inverse parallel forms.
- A kind of 3. topological structure of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Just Under normal working condition, the insulated gate bipolar transistor of the 3rd switch module in current limliting module applies pulse always, makes one It is straight in the conduction state, so that the second electric capacity and diode are in short-circuit condition, on exporting without influence.
- 4. a kind of modularization multi-level converter, including three facies units, each facies unit divide upper and lower bridge arm, its feature exists In：Each bridge arm includes the submodule topological structure as described in claim 1-3 is any of several series connection, per phase upper and lower bridge arm The submodule topological structure quantity of series connection is identical；Upper and lower bridge arm is connected current-limiting reactor respectively, per being from top to bottom mutually：Upper bridge arm All submodules, upper bridge arm reactor, lower bridge arm reactor, all submodules of lower bridge arm；And per the junction of phase upper and lower bridge arm External three-phase alternating voltage, the input of upper bridge arm the top submodule topological structure are connected with direct-flow positive pole, and lower bridge arm is most lower Terminal module output end is connected with direct current negative pole.
- A kind of 5. modularization multi-level converter according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In DC transmission system, When the bipolar short trouble of DC side generation, fault current is first detected, is then shut off all first switch modules and second switch The trigger signal of module, simultaneously turn off the 3rd switch module signal in current limliting module, output of the fault current from topological structure After end enters topological structure, flowed out by the diode and the second electric capacity of current limliting module from the input of topological structure, and no longer Pass through the 3rd switch module of current limliting module and the first electric capacity.
- A kind of 6. modularization multi-level converter according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：When described failure is direct current During permanent fault, detailed process is：Insulated gate is double in shut-off first switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switch module The trigger pulse of bipolar transistor, AC breaker is then turned off, is overhauled, after fault restoration, carry out reclosing, then open Open first switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switch module.
- A kind of 7. modularization multi-level converter according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：When described failure is direct current During temporary fault, detailed process is：Insulated gate is double in shut-off first switch module, second switch module and the 3rd switch module The trigger pulse of bipolar transistor, it is zero to wait DC side fault current, after Failure elimination, retriggered first switch module, The insulated gate bipolar transistor of second switch module and the 3rd switch module, establishes DC voltage, and waiting system enters steady State is run.
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| CN105429495B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-11-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of Modular multilevel converter using polymorphic submodule |
| CN107104600B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2019-09-17 | 西门子公司 | Modular multilevel converter and electric power electric transformer |
| CN107370393A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-21 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of Modularized multi-level converter sub-module topological structure and its guard method |
| CN110995039B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-11-24 | 上海交通大学 | Low-loss modular multilevel converter and parameter design method thereof |
| CN111142044B (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2022-03-18 | 东南大学 | Direct current line fault secondary detection device with short-circuit fault energy absorption capacity |
| CN111585460A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-25 | 南京工程学院 | Modular multilevel converter submodule topological structure |
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| CN102130612B (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2014-03-12 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Integrated control sub-module board for simulating multi-level modular converter (MMC) sub-module |
| CN104052026B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-05-25 | 华中科技大学 | For submodule topology and the application thereof of modularization multi-level converter |
| CN104242641A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-24 | 华南理工大学 | MMC sub-module with direct-current short-circuit fault self-removing function |
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