CN104674382B - Preparation method of porous carbon nanofiber for capacitive deionization - Google Patents
Preparation method of porous carbon nanofiber for capacitive deionization Download PDFInfo
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- CN104674382B CN104674382B CN201510063832.2A CN201510063832A CN104674382B CN 104674382 B CN104674382 B CN 104674382B CN 201510063832 A CN201510063832 A CN 201510063832A CN 104674382 B CN104674382 B CN 104674382B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous carbon nanofiber for capacitive deionization. The preparation method of the porous carbon nanofiber for the capacitive deionization comprises the followings steps: (1) dissolving a carbon precursor, an organic pore-forming agent and transitional metal salt in a solvent so as to obtain a spinning solution; and (2) carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution so as to obtain composite nanofibers; and then sequentially carrying out preoxidation, carbonization and acid pickling so as to obtain the porous carbon nanofiber. The carbon nanofiber prepared by adopting the preparation method provided by the invention is rich in mesoporous and microporous structures, is high in specific surface area, good in flexibility, small in resistance and good in wettability and excellent in performance of forming a double electrode layer and is especially applicable to assembling of a capacitor and desalination.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nanofiber field, particularly to a kind of preparation side of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber
Method.
Background technology
It is known that water is Source of life, and the global scarcity of freshwater resources is to restrict the pass of numerous national economic developments
Key factor, even more closely related with daily life.Bitter rich content, is the important water solving shortage of fresh water
Source.So far, it is developed that the way of distillation, electrodialysis, reverse osmosiss, activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange etc. are multiple to go
Ion technology is used for brackish water desalination.But the way of distillation, reverse osmosiss belong to highly energy-consuming technique, electrodialytic process can be made due to electrolysis
With producing gas, there is potential safety hazard；Acticarbon, film, ion exchange resin regeneration process somewhat expensive are thereby increases and it is possible to make
Become secondary pollution.Freshwater resources present situation in short supply forces us to develop a kind of high efficiency, low energy consumption, pollution-free, regeneration letter as early as possible
Single, safe ideal technology.
Capacitor (capacitors) is in recent decades, a kind of novel energy-storing element that development gets up, and has
Can be with high current charge-discharge, efficiency for charge-discharge is high, performance cycle good stability, specific power is high, pollution-free the advantages of.Therefore, surpass
Level capacitor be a kind of efficiently, practicality, environmental protection, the energy storing device of low cost, it simultaneously and is a kind of containing of novel energy-conserving
Saline-water reclamation device.Using the larger porous material of specific surface area as electrode, using in electric double layer capacitance adsorbent solution from
Son is thus reach the purpose of brackish water intermediate ion removal.
The study hotspot of capacitive desalination focuses primarily upon exploitation high-energy-density, the electrode material of high-specific-power, carbon at present
Material is conventional electrode material due to having high-specific surface area and good electric double layer capacitance performance.Carbon materials research is main
Concentrate on high-specific surface area and the less porous carbon materials of internal resistance and carbon-based material is modified with the aspects such as research.Conventional
The active charcoal of material with carbon element, CNT, carbon aerogels, carbon black, carbon nano-fiber etc..Activity in numerous carbon materialses
Charcoal, CNT and carbon aerogels are considered as the preferable new carbon of prospect.
Although activated carbon has larger specific surface area, its micropore (aperture < 2nm) in the majority, the contribution to electric double layer
Less, a lot of hydrated ions more difficult reversibly into and out of micropore, capacitive deionization efficiency is low.And CNT is more difficult dispersed,
And after modifying and decorating, there is certain defect, limit the application further of CNT.Carbon aerogels good conductivity, has
More meso-hole structure, is conducive to transmission and the diffusion of ion, is the comparatively ideal electrode material of ultracapacitor, but is prepared into
This is higher, and is not easy to carry out large-scale production.
Electrostatic spinning technique is to prepare nanofiber (diameter range is 50-500nm) the simplest, effective Perfected process,
Prepared nanofiber specific surface area is high, fibre diameter is uniform, is more suitable for preparing carbon nano-fiber materials.But gained carbon
The porosity of nanofiber is relatively low, needs physically activated (co2Activation, steam activation) or chemical activation (zncl2Activation,
Koh activation etc.), therefore developing simply high mesoporous, microporosity carbon nano-fiber preparation method is still raising capacitive deionization
The key of performance.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of preparation side of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber
Method, the carbon nano-fiber that the method is prepared is rich in mesoporous, microcellular structure, and specific surface area is high, pliability is good, resistance is little, infiltration
Property good, the performance forming electric double layer shows excellent, is highly suitable for organizing capacitor and for desalination.
A kind of preparation method of the capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber of the present invention, comprising:
(1) carbon matrix precursor, organic pore-forming agents, transition metal salt are dissolved in solvent, obtain spinning solution；Wherein, carbon
The mass fraction of presoma is 5-20%, and the mass fraction of organic pore-forming agents is 1-20%, and the mass fraction of transition metal salt is
0-10%；
(2) above-mentioned spinning solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, obtain composite nano fiber, then carry out successively pre-oxidizing, charcoal
Change, pickling processes, obtain final product porous carbon nanofiber.
Carbon matrix precursor in described step (1) be polyacrylonitrile pan, polybenzimidazoles pbi, acrylonitrile with styrene copolymerized
One or more of bipolymer of thing, acrylonitrile and acrylic acid methyl ester. class.
Organic pore-forming agents in described step (1) are polymethyl methacrylate pmma, polylactic acid pla, polystyrene ps
One or more of.
Transition metal salt in described step (1) is zinc, ferrum, nickel, copper, the halogenide of manganese, acetate, phosphate, sulphuric acid
One or more of salt.
Solvent in described step (1) is n, n- dimethylformamide dmf, n, one of n- dimethyl acetylamide dmac
Or it is several.
Electrostatic spinning process parameter in described step (2) is: spinning voltage is 10-25kv, receiving range is 10-
25cm, spinning liquid plug-flow speed are 0.2-2ml/h, and humid control is in 30-50%.
Pre-oxidation in described step (2) is: is warmed up to 240-280 DEG C with 0.5-2 DEG C/min in air atmosphere, and ties up
After holding 90-120min, in stove, it is cooled to room temperature；Carbonization is: under nitrogen or argon gas atmosphere, is arrived with 2-10 DEG C/min ramp
700-1000 DEG C, and after maintaining 90-120min, under nitrogen or argon gas atmosphere, in stove, it is cooled to room temperature；Pickling is: in acid solution
Soak 8-24h, remove the transition metal salt of fiber surface with pure water rinsing nanofiber.
Described acid is one or more of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid.
The porous carbon nanofiber that described step (2) obtains is used for organizing capacitor as self-supporting electrode, particularly as follows: electric
The electrode pair being made up of the symmetrical porous carbon nanofiber of two panels size containing one or more in container, outermost electrode with
Collector contacts and accesses DC source；Between two electrodes of same electrode pair, insertion plastic wire separates as fluid passage；Phase
The ion exchange that inertia conductive plate stops both sides band difference electric charge is sandwiched between the electrode of adjacent electrode pair；All electrode pair series connections
Enter DC source, whole fluid passages are in parallel to access entery and delivery port.
Described collector is titanium net, in titanium sheet, graphite flake, electrically conductive graphite paper, stainless steel substrates, copper sheet, conductive carbon cloth one
Plant or several；Described inertia conductive plate is one or more of titanium sheet, graphite flake, electrically conductive graphite paper, stainless steel substrates, copper sheet.
Described capacitor application is in saliferous water desalination system；Wherein, saliferous water desalination system includes water reservoir, Based Intelligent Control
Constant flow pump, capacitor, DC source, system control, conductivity meter, concentration basin.
Described DC source, the charge and discharge process of controllable capacitor.
Described conductivity meter being capable of real-time monitoring, record effluent quality situation.
Described constant flow pump is used for controlling the flow velocity of water, and can automatically carry out on-off control according to the charge and discharge signal of telecommunication.
Porous carbon nanofiber using preparation contains the capacitor desalination of self-supporting electrode pair as self-supporting electrode assembling
Device, method is as follows:
As shown in Fig. 2 porous self-supporting single electrode to capacitor (referred to as lower: single electrode is to capacitor) two electrode materials it
Between separate as fluid passage with plastic wire, two electrodes by collector access DC source positive and negative electrode, ultracapacitor use
Sub- Gree plate and silicagel pad seal, fix.
As shown in figure 3, same electricity in porous self-supporting multi-pair electrodes ultracapacitor (lower abbreviation: multi-pair electrodes capacitor)
Extremely to two electrodes between insertion plastic wire separate as fluid passage；Two lateral electrodes access DC source by collector
Positive and negative electrode；The ion exchange that inertia conductive plate stops both sides band difference electric charge is sandwiched between the electrode material of adjacent electrode pair, and
Ensure current path.Ultracapacitor is sealed, is fixed with sub- Gree plate and silicagel pad；The series connection of each electrode pair accesses unidirectional current
Source, fluid passage is in parallel to access entery and delivery port.
The present invention also assembles a kind of single electrode and is used for, to capacitor, the test system that brackish water intermediate ion removes.As Fig. 4 institute
Show, using a single electrode as Fig. 2 to capacitor, capacitor pass through access constant flow pump into and out of water hole and water reservoir is carried out
Solution circulates；Two electrodes of capacitor access constant current source, control charging and the self-discharge processes of capacitor, realize brackish water
The suction of intermediate ion, desorption, conductivity meter real-time monitoring solution water quality condition.
The present invention also assembles a kind of multi-pair electrodes ultracapacitor group for the application system of brackish water intermediate ion removal.As
Shown in Fig. 5, using multiple multi-pair electrodes capacitors as shown in Figure 3, by series, parallel, series-parallel connection mode group between capacitor
Capacitor bank is become to access entery and delivery port, capacitor bank presses series, parallel, series-parallel connection mode form accesses DC source positive and negative electrode；
The entery and delivery port of capacitor passes through to access the stream that binary channel carries out purified water from control constant flow pump and water reservoir, concentration basin connection
The dynamic circulation with concentrated solution；Conductivity meter real-time monitoring solution water quality condition is it is ensured that system is normally run.
Beneficial effect
(1) present invention is combined the carbon nano-fiber prepared and is rich in using carbon matrix precursor, organic pore-forming agents, transition metal salt
Mesoporous, microcellular structure, because transistion metal compound can adjust the separated journey of organic pore-forming agents such as pmma or ps and pan
Degree, therefore can make the nanofiber pore structure obtaining uniformly by effective control, specific surface area is high, pliability is good, resistance is little,
Wellability is good, shows excellent in the performance forming electric double layer, is highly suitable for organizing capacitor and being used for desalination；
(2) with self-supporting porous carbon nanofiber electrode assembling ultracapacitor in the present invention, assembling is simple, low cost
Honest and clean, service life length, it is adaptable to carry out the desalt processing of bitter, has preferable market application foreground.
Brief description
Fig. 1 schemes for porous carbon nanofiber sem prepared by the present invention, and electrostatic spinning nano fiber formula is (a) pan:pmma:
zn(ac)2=4:1:1, (b) pan:pmma=4:1；(c)pan:ps:zncl2=8:2:1, (d) pan:ps=8:2；Illustration is many
The Cross Section Morphology of hole carbon nano-fiber silk；
Fig. 2 is single electrode to ultracapacitor；
Fig. 3 is multi-pair electrodes ultracapacitor；
Fig. 4 is single electrode to capacitor deionization test system；Wherein 1 is water reservoir；2 is constant flow pump；3 surpass for single electrode
Level capacitor；4 is DC source；5 control for system；6 is conductivity meter；
Fig. 5 is multi-pair electrodes capacitor bank deionization application system；Wherein 1 is water reservoir；2 is Based Intelligent Control constant flow pump；3
For multi-electrode ultracapacitor group；4 is DC source；5 control for system；6 is conductivity meter；7 is concentration basin；
Fig. 6 is voltage-to-current change curve in the charge and discharge cycle of capacitor；
Fig. 7 is pan/pmma/zn (ac)2The change curve of nacl electrical conductivity of solution in capacitor charging/discharging circulation；
Fig. 8 is the change curve of nacl electrical conductivity of solution in the circulation of pan/pmma capacitor charging/discharging；
Fig. 9 is pan/ps/zncl2The change curve of nacl electrical conductivity of solution in capacitor charging/discharging circulation；
Figure 10 is the change curve of nacl electrical conductivity of solution in the circulation of pan/ps capacitor charging/discharging.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content of present invention instruction, people in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values equally fall within the application appended claims and limited
Scope.
Embodiment 1
With pan as carbon matrix precursor, polymethyl acrylate (pmma) is pore creating material, adjusts pan, pmma and zn (ac)2
Mass ratio be 4:1:1, prepare total mass fraction 12% spinning solution, move into syringe in, setting electrostatic spinning voltage be
15kv, spinning distance are 15cm, spinning liquid jet velocity is 0.5ml/min, and 35% about, prepared by electrostatic spinning for humid control
pan/pmma/zn(ac)2Fiber precursor.Fiber precursor is placed under air atmosphere and is pre-oxidized, control program heats up, with 1
DEG C/min rises to 260 DEG C, and natural cooling after maintaining 90min at 260 DEG C.Carry out carbonization treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, with 5 DEG C/
Min is warming up to 800 DEG C, maintains 90min, cooling.Soak 24h in the hydrochloric acid of 0.5m, pure water rinsing removes the mistake of fiber surface
Cross slaine.Due to the incompatibility of both pan, pmma, formed in spinning process and be separated, zn (ac)2Two can be adjusted
The phase-separated state of person, after heat treatment process, pmma decomposes and disappears and zn (ac)2There is catalysis, activation, after pickling processes
Obtain final product porous carbon nanofiber, as shown in Fig. 1-a, its specific surface area is 468.0m2/g.By the fiber processing be cut into 5cm ×
The electrode of 6cm size, puts into immersion 24h in the nacl solution of 500ppm, you can surpass as self-supporting electrode assembling as shown in Figure 2
Level capacitor devices.By ultracapacitor and DC source, constant flow pump, conductivity meter, water reservoir, it is assembled into as shown in Figure 4
Ion test system.The entery and delivery port of capacitor carries out solution circulation by accessing constant flow pump and water reservoir, water reservoir before test
The interior nacl solution for 500ppm；Two plate electrodes of capacitor access constant current source by collector, with Fig. 6 Schema control electric capacity
The charge and discharge cycle of device, realizes suction, the desorption of brackish water intermediate ion.Fig. 7 is electrical conductivity in nacl solution in charge and discharge cycles
Change curve.Its average single cycle desalination amount is 24.5mg/g for desalination amount.
Comparative example 1
With pan as carbon matrix precursor, polymethyl acrylate (pmma) is pore creating material, and the mass ratio adjusting pan, pmma is
4:1, prepare total mass fraction 10% dmf spinning solution, solution move into syringe in, setting electrostatic spinning voltage be 15kv,
Spinning distance is 15cm, spinning liquid jet velocity is 1ml/min, and below 35%, electrostatic spinning prepares pan/ to humid control
Pmma composite nano-fiber material, nanofiber is placed in and is pre-oxidized under air atmosphere, and control program heats up, with 1 DEG C/min
Heating rate rises to 260 DEG C, and natural cooling after 260 DEG C of maintenance 90min.Carry out carbonization treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, with 5
DEG C/min is warming up to 800 DEG C, maintains 90min, cooling.Due to the incompatibility of both pan, pmma, formed in spinning process
It is separated, pmma decomposition disappearance after heat treatment obtains final product porous carbon nanofiber, such as Fig. 1-b, but, due to without transition metal salt
The regulation that pan and pmma are separated, occurs in that a lot of apertures are relatively large and the hole of skewness, micro content fall in addition
Low, so its specific surface area is 275.8m2/g.Porous carbon nanofiber is cut into the electrode of 5cm × 6cm size, puts into
24h is soaked, you can as shown in Figure 2 as self-supporting electrode assembling capacitor in the nacl solution of 500ppm.By capacitor and directly
Stream power supply, constant flow pump, conductivity meter, water reservoir, are assembled into capacitor desalting system as shown in Figure 4.The entery and delivery port of capacitor
Carry out solution circulation by accessing constant flow pump and water reservoir, the nacl solution for 500ppm in water reservoir before test；Capacitor
Two electrodes access constant current source by collector, with the charge and discharge cycles of Fig. 6 Schema control capacitor, realize in brackish water from
The suction of son, desorption.Fig. 8 is the change curve of electrical conductivity in nacl solution in charge and discharge cycles.Because specific surface area is relatively low,
Pore-size distribution is relatively not bery uniform, and therefore its average single cycle desalination amount substantially reduces for desalination amount, is only able to achieve
The level of 5.6mg/g.
Embodiment 2
With pan as carbon matrix precursor, polystyrene (ps) is pore creating material, adjusts pan, ps and zncl2Mass ratio be 8:2:
1, prepare the spinning solution of total mass fraction 11%, move in syringe, setting electrostatic spinning voltage is 12kv, spinning distance is
15cm, spinning liquid jet velocity are 0.5ml/min, and 30% about, electrostatic spinning prepares pan/ps/zncl to humid control2Fine
Dimension precursor.Fiber precursor is placed under air atmosphere and is pre-oxidized, control program heats up, and rises to 250 DEG C with 1 DEG C/min, and
Natural cooling after maintaining 100min at 250 DEG C.Carry out carbonization treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, be warming up to 800 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, dimension
Hold 120min, cooling.Soak 18h in the hydrochloric acid of 0.5m, pure water rinsing removes the transition metal salt of fiber surface.Due to pan,
The immiscible property of both ps, forms in spinning process and is separated, zncl2Both phase-separated state, heat treatment can be adjusted
After process, ps decomposes and disappears and zncl2There is catalysis, activation, after pickling processes, obtain final product porous carbon nanofiber, such as Fig. 1-
C, its specific surface area is 400.7m2/g.The fiber processing is cut into the electrode of 5cm × 6cm size, puts into the nacl of 500ppm
24h is soaked, you can as shown in Figure 2 as self-supporting electrode assembling ultracapacitor device in solution.By ultracapacitor and directly
Stream power supply, constant flow pump, conductivity meter, water reservoir, are assembled into deionization test system as shown in Figure 4.The entery and delivery port of capacitor
Carry out solution circulation by accessing constant flow pump and water reservoir, the nacl solution for 500ppm in water reservoir before test.Capacitor
Two plate electrodes access constant current source by collector, with the charge and discharge cycle of Fig. 6 Schema control capacitor, realize in brackish water
The suction of ion, desorption.Fig. 9 is the change curve of electrical conductivity in nacl solution in charge and discharge cycles.Its average single cycle desalination amount
For 21.8mg/g.
Comparative example 2
With pan as carbon matrix precursor, polystyrene (ps) is pore creating material, and the mass ratio adjusting pan, ps is 8:2, prepares total matter
The dmf spinning solution of amount fraction 10%, solution moves in syringe, and setting electrostatic spinning voltage is 12kv, spinning distance is
15cm, spinning liquid jet velocity are 0.5ml/min, and below 30%, electrostatic spinning prepares pan/ps composite Nano to humid control
Fibrous material, nanofiber is placed in and is pre-oxidized under air atmosphere, and control program heats up, and is risen to 1 DEG C/min heating rate
250 DEG C, and natural cooling after 250 DEG C of maintenance 90min.Carry out carbonization treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, be warming up to 5 DEG C/min
800 DEG C, maintain 120min, cooling.Due to the incompatibility of both pan, ps, formed in spinning process and be separated, heat treatment
Ps decomposition disappearance obtains final product porous carbon nanofiber afterwards, such as Fig. 1-d, but, due to dividing to pan and pmma phase without transition metal salt
From regulation, occur in that a lot of apertures are relatively large and the hole of skewness, micro content reduces in addition, so its specific surface
Amass as 39.83m2/g.Porous carbon nanofiber is cut into the electrode of 5cm × 6cm size, puts into leaching in the nacl solution of 500ppm
Bubble 24h, you can as shown in Figure 2 as self-supporting electrode assembling capacitor.By capacitor and DC source, constant flow pump, electrical conductivity
Instrument, water reservoir, are assembled into capacitor desalting system as shown in Figure 4.The entery and delivery port of capacitor passes through to access constant flow pump and water storage
Pond carries out solution circulation, the nacl solution for 500ppm in water reservoir before test；Two electrodes of capacitor are connect by collector
Enter constant current source, with the charge and discharge cycles of Fig. 6 Schema control capacitor, realize suction, the desorption of brackish water intermediate ion.Figure 10 is to fill
The change curve of electrical conductivity in nacl solution in discharge cycles.Because specific surface area is relatively low, pore-size distribution is relatively not bery equal
Even, therefore its average single cycle desalination amount substantially reduces, and only up to the level of 2.8mg/g, cyclical stability is also relatively poor.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber, comprising:
(1) carbon matrix precursor, organic pore-forming agents, transition metal salt are dissolved in solvent, obtain spinning solution；Wherein, carbon forerunner
The mass fraction of body is 5-20%, and the mass fraction of organic pore-forming agents is 1-20%, and the mass fraction of transition metal salt is 0-
10%；
(2) above-mentioned spinning solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, obtains composite nano fiber, then carry out successively pre-oxidizing, carbonization, acid
Wash process, obtain final product porous carbon nanofiber；Wherein, organic pore-forming agents be polymethyl methacrylate pmma, polylactic acid pla, poly-
One or more of styrene ps.
2. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Carbon matrix precursor in described step (1) is polyacrylonitrile pan, polybenzimidazoles pbi, acrylonitrile and styrol copolymer, propylene
One or more of bipolymer of nitrile and acrylic acid methyl ester. class.
3. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Transition metal salt in described step (1) is zinc, ferrum, nickel, copper, the halogenide of manganese, acetate, phosphate, in sulfate one
Plant or several.
4. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Solvent in described step (1) is n, n- dimethylformamide dmf, n, one or more of n- dimethyl acetylamide dmac.
5. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Electrostatic spinning process parameter in described step (2) is: spinning voltage is 10-25kv, receiving range is 10-25cm, spinning liquid
Plug-flow speed is 0.2-2ml/h, and humid control is in 30-50%.
6. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Pre-oxidation in described step (2) is: is warmed up to 240-280 DEG C with 0.5-2 DEG C/min in air atmosphere, and maintains 90-
After 120min, in stove, it is cooled to room temperature；Carbonization is: under nitrogen or argon gas atmosphere, with 2-10 DEG C/min ramp to 700-
1000 DEG C, and after maintaining 90-120min, under nitrogen or argon gas atmosphere, in stove, it is cooled to room temperature；Pickling is: soaks in acid solution
8-24h, removes the transition metal salt of fiber surface with pure water rinsing nanofiber.
7. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 6 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Described acid is one or more of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid.
8. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that:
The porous carbon nanofiber that described step (2) obtains is used for organizing capacitor as self-supporting electrode, particularly as follows: containing in capacitor
The electrode pair being made up of the symmetrical porous carbon nanofiber of two panels size one or more, outermost electrode and collector connect
Touch and access DC source；Between two electrodes of same electrode pair, insertion plastic wire separates as fluid passage；Adjacent electrode pair
Electrode between sandwich the ion exchange that inertia conductive plate stops both sides bands difference electric charge；All electrode pair series connection access unidirectional current
Source, whole fluid passages are in parallel to access entery and delivery port.
9. a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 8 preparation method it is characterised in that:
Described collector is titanium net, one or more of titanium sheet, graphite flake, electrically conductive graphite paper, stainless steel substrates, copper sheet, conduction carbon cloth；
Described inertia conductive plate is one or more of titanium sheet, graphite flake, electrically conductive graphite paper, stainless steel substrates, copper sheet.
10. the preparation method of a kind of capacitive deionization porous carbon nanofiber according to claim 8, its feature exists
In: described capacitor application is in saliferous water desalination system；Wherein, saliferous water desalination system includes water reservoir, Based Intelligent Control constant current
Pump, capacitor, DC source, system control, conductivity meter, concentration basin.
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| KR100894481B1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2009-04-22 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Electrode for supercapacitor having metal oxide deposited onto ultrafine carbon fiber and the fabrication method thereof |
| CN102517673B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-01-29 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing polymer porous nanofiber through mixed phase separation |
| CN103014921B (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-09-17 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Multi-hole carbon fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN103578788B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2017-05-03 | 东华大学 | Porous carbon combined electrode containing charge conductive nano-particles, preparation of porous carbon combined electrode and application of porous carbon combined electrode |
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