CN104601002A - Novel topological structure of sparse two-stage matrix converter - Google Patents

Novel topological structure of sparse two-stage matrix converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104601002A
CN104601002A CN201410837675.1A CN201410837675A CN104601002A CN 104601002 A CN104601002 A CN 104601002A CN 201410837675 A CN201410837675 A CN 201410837675A CN 104601002 A CN104601002 A CN 104601002A
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matrix converter
topological structure
switch
stage matrix
bidirectional
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CN201410837675.1A
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CN104601002B (en
Inventor
雷家兴
周波
秦显慧
卞金梁
石宝平
梁莹
韩娜
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel spare topological structure of a sparse two-stage matrix converter. The structure comprises three two-way controllable switches, a three-phase diode rectifier bridge and a three-phase inverter. With the adoption of the novel topological structure of the sparse two-stage matrix converter, the shortage that the rectifier stage of other two-stage matrix converter easily generates negative pressure which leads to short circuit fault can be overcome, and the system reliability can be effectively improved; in addition, the input reactive power angle adjusting range is expanded to be [-90 degrees, 90 degrees], and therefore, the problem that the input side power factor angle of the traditional two-stage matrix converter can be adjusted within the range of [-30 degrees, 30 degrees]; the topological structure is simple and reliable to control, and relatively high in practical value.

Description

A kind of novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical energy changer, particularly the novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure of one.
Background technology
Matrix converter is a kind of new A C-AC converter, has the feature of little, the lightweight and long working life of volume, is taken as one of alternative topology of the two pwm converters widely applied at present, is at home and abroad widely studied.Dual stage matrix converter is a kind of subclass of matrix converter, comprises rectification stage and inverse cascade two parts.Two parts are connected by direct current intermediate dc bus, but without DC energy storage element.Compared to classical matrix converter, dual stage matrix converter has the advantages such as clamp circuit is simple, change of current control strategy easily realizes, and obtains the extensive concern of researcher.
When system do not want changes persuing parallel operation there is bidirectional power flow kinetic force time, dual stage matrix converter also can reduce number of switches, and now it is referred to as sparse formula dual stage matrix converter.A kind of typical traditional sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure as shown in Figure 1.Rectification stage is made up of 6 wholly-controled device (each device comprises an individual diodes) and 6 extra diodes.It has the function identical with dual stage matrix converter with classical matrix converter except not realizing except bi-directional power flow.
But the same with common dual-level matrix frequency converter, structure shown in accompanying drawing 1 also exists a larger defect.Its rectification stage is made up of wholly-controled device, may produce negative DC bus-bar voltage.As met when input three-phase voltage: u a>u b>u ctime, if brachium pontis and A phase descend the wholly-controled device of brachium pontis in conducting rectification stage C phase, then DC bus-bar voltage u dc=u c-u a<0.Now because the diode of each brachium pontis of inverse cascade can not block negative pressure, short trouble will occur, harm system safety.This situation ubiquity in systems in practice, controls device error conducting entirely as the reasons such as input side vibration and electromagnetic interference cause rectification stage.The more important thing is, existing document proves, when input power factor angle be greater than 30 ° or be less than-30 ° time, the situation of negative value will inevitably be there is in DC bus-bar voltage.Therefore the input power factor angle of traditional Sparse Matrix Converter is also limited in [-30 °, 30 °] by above-mentioned defect, have impact on the reactive power regulatory function of converter.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure avoiding rectification stage generation negative pressure.
Technical scheme:
In order to realize above function, the invention provides a kind of novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure, it is characterized in that: comprise three bidirectional switchs, rectification stage and inverse cascades;
Wherein rectification stage comprises six diodes, and inverse cascade comprises six wholly-controled device, input three-phase alternating voltage (u a, u b, u c) the three-phase alternating current end of rectification stage is received respectively by three bidirectional switchs (S1, S2, S3), the DC bus of rectification stage is connected with the DC bus of inverse cascade, exports three-phase alternating voltage (u u, u v, u w) receive the three-phase alternating current end of inverse cascade.
Each bidirectional switch is formed by 2 wholly-controled device common emitters, each wholly-controled device reverse body diode in parallel.
2 wholly-controled device of each bidirectional switch adopt identical pwm control signal, and the duty ratio of switch S 1 is d 1, the duty ratio of switch S 2 is d 2, the duty ratio of switch S 3 is d 3, they are determined by following formula:
d 1 = | u A | u i max d 2 = | u B | u i max d 3 = | u C | u i max
Wherein, | u a|, | u b|, | u c| represent three-phase input voltage u respectively a, u b, u cabsolute value, u imaxrepresent | u a|, | u b|, | u c| in maximum.
In each switch periods, input voltage absolute value equals u imaxthe permanent conducting of bidirectional switch of that phase, the bidirectional switch of all the other two-phases is according to each self-corresponding duty ratio alternate conduction.
Beneficial effect:
As can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme, novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure provided by the invention compared with prior art has and has following beneficial effect:
1, in the present invention, rectification stage can produce negative pressure in no instance, can not to be short-circuited fault, to be extremely conducive to the reliability of raising system by the brachium pontis diode of inverse cascade;
2, input power factor angle adjustable range can also be widened to [-90 °, 90 °] by the present invention, breaches the limitation that original dual stage matrix converter can only regulate input power factor angle in [-30 °, 30 °] scope;
3, in the present invention, the control of three bidirectional switchs is very convenient, and duty ratio calculates simple, and does not need during commutation to arrange Dead Time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described:
A kind of typical traditional Sparse Matrix Converter topological structure of Fig. 1;
The novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure of one that Fig. 2 the present invention proposes;
The composition structure chart of Fig. 3 bidirectional switch;
The duty ratio expression formula of three bidirectional switchs in the input voltage cycle of Fig. 4;
Drive waveforms figure (the u of three bidirectional switchs in Fig. 5 switch periods a>0>u b>u c).
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure, for making object of the present invention, clearly, clearly, and the present invention is described in more detail with reference to accompanying drawing examples for technical scheme and effect.Should be appreciated that concrete enforcement described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The system configuration that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 2.Three-phase input voltage (u a, u b, u c) input of rectification stage is received respectively by three bidirectional switchs (S1, S2, S3), rectification stage is made up of six diodes, the DC bus of rectification stage and the DC bus of inverse cascade connect, and inverse cascade is made up of a common three-phase inverter, three-phase output voltage (u u, u v, u w) receive the three-phase alternating current end of inverse cascade.In accompanying drawing 2, three bidirectional switchs are four-quadrant switches, can flow through bidirectional current, also bi-directional voltage capable of blocking.The bi-directional switch structure that the present invention adopts as shown in Figure 3, connected by two wholly-controled device (occlusion body diode) common emitter and formed by each bidirectional switch.Select such bidirectional switch can reduce the quantity of isolation drive power supply, simplify the design of drive circuit, reduce circuit stray inductance.
Three bidirectional switch S1, S2, S3 conductings between two produce an effective switch combination, always have three kinds of combinations, as shown in table 1.Such as, when switch S 1 and S2 conducting, S3 turn off, DC bus-bar voltage u dc=| u a-u b|, wherein, absolute value sign || represent the full-wave rectification effect of rectification stage diode.When the full conducting of S1, S2, S3, now rectification stage is common three phase full wave rectification, and DC bus-bar voltage is any one of three kinds of voltages in table 1, and therefore this combination neither effectively switch combination.When only having a switch conduction in S1, S2, S3 or not having switch conduction, DC bus-bar voltage is 0, therefore neither effectively switch combination.As shown in Table 1, no matter why three-phase input voltage is worth, and DC bus-bar voltage all may be selected to be any one of input three line voltages, and it is necessary that this characteristic is that all matrix converters realize sinusoidal input.So illustrated structure also can realize input current sineization.
The conducting state of table 1 three bidirectional switchs and the relation of DC bus-bar voltage
S1 S2 S3 u dc
Conducting Conducting Turn off |u A-u B|
Conducting Turn off Conducting |u A-u C|
Turn off Conducting Conducting |u B-u C|
From accompanying drawing 2 and table 1 also, because rectification stage is constituted by a diode, the unilateal conduction characteristic of diode make DC bus-bar voltage one be decided to be on the occasion of.Therefore, how three bidirectional switchs no matter in input line control, and rectification stage all can not produce negative pressure, and then the fault that can not be short-circuited.Especially, if the conductings simultaneously of three bidirectional switchs, now whole topological structure can equivalence become the connection of diode uncontrollable rectifier bridge and inverter, input three-phase can not to be short-circuited fault.And this situation all can cause phase fault in the sparse formula dual stage matrix converter of classical matrix converter, dual stage matrix converter and tradition, produce overcurrent, the safety of harm power device.
DC bus-bar voltage one is decided to be and also makes input power factor angle can regulate arbitrarily in [-90 °, 90 °] scope on the occasion of this characteristic.In other dual stage matrix converter, when input power factor angle is not in [-30 °, 30 °] scope, DC bus-bar voltage there will be negative value, causes short trouble.And in topological structure of the present invention, even if input power factor angle is not at [-30 °, 30 °], the rectified action of rectification stage also ensure that DC bus-bar voltage there will not be negative value.Therefore, the present invention has wider power-factor angle adjustable range than other dual stage matrix converter.
Topology merging method shown in accompanying drawing 2 is also very simple, and inverse cascade can adopt traditional SVPWM algorithm.Be different from other matrix converter, the present invention only has three bidirectional switchs, and they only need three road pwm control signals (two wholly-controled device of each bidirectional switch can share a road pwm control signal).For ensureing the sine degree of input current, the duty ratio of three bidirectional switchs is determined by following formula:
d 1 = | u A | u i max d 2 = | u B | u i max d 3 = | u C | u i max
In formula, d 1, d 2, d 3be respectively the duty ratio of bidirectional switch S1, S2, S3, | u a|, | u b|, | u c| represent three-phase input voltage u respectively a, u b, u cabsolute value, u imaxrepresent | u a|, | u b|, | u c| in maximum.Accompanying drawing 4 is in a mains voltage cycle, d 1, d 2and d 3expression formula.Under this kind of control mode, the electric current flowing through every phase input voltage is directly proportional to absolute value of voltage.This is identical with the characteristic of other matrix converter, and therefore this control method ensure that the sine degree of input current.Work as u a>0>u b>u ctime, in a switch periods, the drive waveforms of S1, S2, S3 is as shown in Figure 5.Input three-phase voltage u a, u band u ctime, also can carry out similar analysis.In accompanying drawing 5, T srepresent switch periods, " 1 " represents corresponding switch conduction, and " 0 " represents corresponding switch OFF, d 2t srepresent the time of bidirectional switch S2 conducting, d 3t srepresent the time of bidirectional switch S3 conducting.As seen from the figure, now bidirectional switch S1 permanent conducting in a switch periods, bidirectional switch S2 and S3 alternate conduction.When the conducting state of S2 and S3 switches, their drive singal is without the need to arranging dead band.This is because even if S2 and S3 simultaneously conducting, due to the diode unilateal conduction characteristic of rectification stage, input B phase and C phase can not be short-circuited fault.This characteristic is also topological structure of the present invention another advantage relative to other dual stage matrix converter topological structure.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, and all these change or replace the protection range that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure, is characterized in that: comprise three bidirectional switchs, rectification stage and inverse cascades;
Wherein rectification stage comprises six diodes, and inverse cascade comprises six wholly-controled device, input three-phase alternating voltage (u a, u b, u c) the three-phase alternating current end of rectification stage is received respectively by three bidirectional switchs (S1, S2, S3), the DC bus of rectification stage is connected with the DC bus of inverse cascade, exports three-phase alternating voltage (u u, u v, u w) receive the three-phase alternating current end of inverse cascade.
2. the novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Each bidirectional switch is formed by 2 wholly-controled device common emitters, each wholly-controled device reverse body diode in parallel.
3. the novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure of one according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
2 wholly-controled device of each bidirectional switch adopt identical pwm control signal, and the duty ratio of switch S 1 is d 1, the duty ratio of switch S 2 is d 2, the duty ratio of switch S 3 is d 3, they are determined by following formula:
d 1 = | u A | u i max d 2 = | u B | u i max d 3 = | u C | u i max
Wherein, | u a|, | u b|, | u c| represent three-phase input voltage u respectively a, u b, u cabsolute value, u imaxrepresent | u a|, | u b|, | u c| in maximum.
4. the novel sparse formula dual stage matrix converter topological structure of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in each switch periods, input voltage absolute value equals u imaxthe permanent conducting of bidirectional switch of that phase, the bidirectional switch of all the other two-phases is according to each self-corresponding duty ratio alternate conduction.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108400718A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-14 西安理工大学 A kind of pressure-adjustable PWM rectifier topology based on IGBT
CN108418450A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-17 西安理工大学 A kind of pressure-adjustable PWM rectifier and its APFC control methods
CN113300614A (en) * 2021-05-29 2021-08-24 湖南工业大学 Novel ultra-sparse matrix converter topological structure containing gamma source circuit

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CN102611349A (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-07-25 南京航空航天大学 AC (alternating current) start/power generation system based on two-stage matrix converter and control method thereof
CN202713163U (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-01-30 深圳市健网科技有限公司 Double power supply system based on three-phase rectification
US20130176753A1 (en) * 2012-01-10 2013-07-11 Mahesh M. Swamy Three Phase Active Rectifier System
CN104205602A (en) * 2012-04-06 2014-12-10 富士电机株式会社 Rectifier circuit

Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101714825A (en) * 2003-03-17 2010-05-26 三菱电机株式会社 Convertor device
CN102142733A (en) * 2010-12-10 2011-08-03 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇四研究所 Flywheel energy storage motor device with variable power supply structure
US20130176753A1 (en) * 2012-01-10 2013-07-11 Mahesh M. Swamy Three Phase Active Rectifier System
CN102611349A (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-07-25 南京航空航天大学 AC (alternating current) start/power generation system based on two-stage matrix converter and control method thereof
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CN202713163U (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-01-30 深圳市健网科技有限公司 Double power supply system based on three-phase rectification

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108400718A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-14 西安理工大学 A kind of pressure-adjustable PWM rectifier topology based on IGBT
CN108418450A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-17 西安理工大学 A kind of pressure-adjustable PWM rectifier and its APFC control methods
CN113300614A (en) * 2021-05-29 2021-08-24 湖南工业大学 Novel ultra-sparse matrix converter topological structure containing gamma source circuit

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