CN104300820B - A kind of digital control method of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter - Google Patents

A kind of digital control method of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104300820B
CN104300820B CN201410500090.0A CN201410500090A CN104300820B CN 104300820 B CN104300820 B CN 104300820B CN 201410500090 A CN201410500090 A CN 201410500090A CN 104300820 B CN104300820 B CN 104300820B
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current
inverter
axle
level
electric current
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CN201410500090.0A
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CN104300820A (en
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金科
沈志远
张艺文
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/487Neutral point clamped inverters
    • H02J3/383
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The invention discloses the digital control method of a kind of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter, busbar voltage outer shroud, d axle capacitive current inner ring and q axle power network current internal ring are combined, three-level inverter is controlled.The slowest problem is controlled for existing control mode busbar voltage, this method calculates equivalence bus capacitor electric current by grid-connected inverters electric current and modulation ratio, the reference vector of inverter SVPWM is controlled by bus capacitor current loop, reduce the input impedance of inverter, improve the rejection ability of the disturbance that busbar voltage is caused for photovoltaic power change, reduce the capacitance of bus capacitor;The inventive method is so that inverter can use that capacitance is less but thin-film capacitor that reliability is high;The inventive method improves the reliability of inverter.

Description

A kind of digital control method of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter
Technical field
The present invention relates to the digital control side of a kind of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter reducing bus capacitor Method, belongs to the control technology of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Background technology
Day by day exhausted along with fossil energy, photovoltaic generation, as a kind of new forms of energy, directly produces electric energy, inorganic due to it Tool rotary part, noise-less pollution, easily install, to be easy to transfer, service life longer so that it is become before one has Scape, has the generation technology of development meaning.
Non-isolated combining inverter need not heavy Industrial Frequency Transformer or the high frequency transformer of load due to it, therefore ties Structure is simple, low cost, efficiency are higher.Relative to single stage type structure, two-stage grid-connected inverter prime is booster converter, Can reduce photovoltaic cell series connection quantity, improve generating efficiency, and prime realizes maximal power tracing, rear class carries out inversion, So control not interfere with each other, easily control strategy is optimized.Additionally due to three-level inverter output electric current THD Less, wave filter volume is little, efficiency advantages of higher so that prime is boost changer, or rear class is T-NPC I-NPC The two-stage type topology of three-level inverter is widely used in the photovoltaic combining inverter of 10kW grade.
For the energy between buffering front stage, simultaneously working as forward and backward level and control the effect of upper decoupling, two-stage type is grid-connected Inverter needs to install the electrochemical capacitor of larger capacity on intermediate dc bus.Electrochemical capacitor life is short, poor reliability. The thin-film capacitor electroless liquid life-span is long, but capacitance is little, expensive, therefore uses thin-film capacitor to substitute electrochemical capacitor, Need to reduce the capacitance of inverter bus capacitor.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of two-stage reducing bus capacitor The digital control method of formula three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter, by reduce inverter input impedance, with solve due to The busbar voltage that photovoltaic power is uprushed or anticlimax causes is fallen and crosses punching, and then reduces bus capacitor.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The digital control method of a kind of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter, by busbar voltage outer shroud, d axle electricity Capacitance current internal ring and q axle power network current internal ring combine, and are controlled three-level inverter, particularly as follows:
Busbar voltage outer shroud: by busbar voltage reference value VrefWith busbar voltage sampled value VbusDo after the recovery, reversely send into voltage Outer shroud pi regulator R1, by outer voltage pi regulator R1Output as the reference I of d axle capacitive current inner ringref
D axle capacitive current inner ring: by the reference I of d axle capacitive current inner ringrefWith the equivalent capacity electric current I detectedcapDo After the recovery, sends into capacitance current ring pi regulator R2, by capacitance current ring pi regulator R2Output and line voltage at d The component E of axledAnd cross-couplings item ω LIqAfter addition, as the d axle component of reference vector in SVPWM;
Q axle power network current internal ring: by the q axle component I of grid-connected currentqDo after the recovery with reference value 0 and send into power network current regulation Device R3, by power network current actuator R3Output and line voltage at the component E of q axleqAnd cross-couplings item ω LIdPhase After adding, as the q axle component of reference vector in SVPWM;
In SVPWM, reference vector produces switching tube through SVPWM ripple generation module and drives signal, drives three level inverse Become device.
Preferably, in d axle capacitive current inner ring, by calculate sampling prime BOOST converter output electric current with after The difference of level three-level inverter input current obtains average capacitance electric current in a switch periods, i.e. equivalent capacity electric current Icap
Preferably, three-level inverter is I-NPC or T-NPC inverter, is calculated by one of following two method Three-level inverter input current: 1. by calculating every phase switching tube switch function and three pole reactor electric current, calculate one Bridge arm current sum and bridge arm current sum under outflow three-level inverter on three-level inverter is flowed in switch periods Meansigma methods, as three-level inverter input current;2. by calculate three-phase current amplitude in d-q coordinate system and Modulation ratio, calculates flow in one switch periods on three-level inverter bridge arm current sum with under outflow three-level inverter The meansigma methods of bridge arm current sum, as three-level inverter input current.
Beneficial effect: due to prior art be suppression imbalance of three-phase voltage cause busbar voltage secondary ripple wave pulsation for The impact of grid current direct current, outer voltage cut-off frequency is relatively low;Current inner loop is power network current internal ring, although the most relatively Hurry up, but the reference of internal ring is given by the outer voltage that bandwidth is extremely low, therefore the regulation of busbar voltage is mainly determined by outer shroud, Dynamic response is poor.And the digital control method of the two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter that the present invention provides, according to Dc-link capacitance electric current regulates the amplitude of grid-connected inverters electric current, can be made by the current inner loop that cut-off frequency is higher The input current obtaining inverter follows the tracks of the output electric current of prime boost changer, reduces inverter input impedance, therefore The electric current flowing into electric capacity is almost nil, and dynamic response is rapid, for disturbing that dc bus is caused by photovoltaic power change Dynamic rejection ability strengthens;And the three-level inverter capacitance current method of sampling that the present invention proposes is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Two kinds of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter structural representations that Fig. 1 is suitable for by the inventive method enumerated Figure;Wherein Fig. 1 (a) is T-NPC neutral-point-clamped three-level inverter, and Fig. 1 (b) is I-NPC neutral-point-clamped tri-level inversion Device;
Fig. 2 is the inventive method and application system block diagram thereof;
Fig. 3 is in two-stage type three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device, uses the busbar voltage that obtains of the inventive method and grid-connected electricity Flowable state waveform;
Fig. 4 is in two-stage type three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device, uses the grid-connected current stable state waveform that the inventive method obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
It is illustrated in figure 1 two kinds of existing two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter schematic diagrams, based on existing two Level formula three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter, it is not necessary to increase other sample circuits and can realize the inventive method, particularly as follows: Busbar voltage outer shroud, d axle capacitive current inner ring and q axle power network current internal ring are combined, three-level inverter is carried out Control.A kind of specific implementation process of the inventive method be given below:
(1) according to inductive current meansigma methods I in sampling one switch periods of prime BOOST converterLAnd dutycycle D, calculates meansigma methods I of prime BOOST converter output electric current in a switch periodsboost:
Iboost=(1-D) IL
(2) three-level inverter three-phase current is changed by coordinate system, obtains amplitude I in d-q coordinate systemd、IqWidth Value, by three-level inverter three-phase current amplitude I in d-q coordinate systemd、IqAmplitude, and SVPWM modulation Bridge arm current sum and bridge under outflow three-level inverter on three-level inverter is flowed in obtaining a switch periods than M Meansigma methods I of arm electric current suminv:
I inv = 3 2 M · I d
(3) according to meansigma methods I of prime BOOST converter output electric current in a switch periodsboost, and one opened Flow into bridge arm current sum on three-level inverter in the cycle of pass and flow out the flat of bridge arm current sum under three-level inverter Average IinvTry to achieve equivalent capacity electric current Icap:
Icap=Iinv-Iboost
(4) carry out busbar voltage outer shroud, d axle capacitive current inner ring and q axle power network current internal ring to control:
Busbar voltage outer shroud: by busbar voltage reference value VrefWith busbar voltage sampled value VbusDo after the recovery, reversely send into voltage Outer shroud pi regulator R1, by outer voltage pi regulator R1Output as the reference I of d axle capacitive current inner ringref
D axle capacitive current inner ring: by the reference I of d axle capacitive current inner ringrefWith the equivalent capacity electric current I detectedcapDo After the recovery, sends into capacitance current ring pi regulator R2, by capacitance current ring pi regulator R2Output and line voltage at d The component E of axledAnd cross-couplings item ω LIqAfter addition, as the d axle component of reference vector in SVPWM;
Q axle power network current internal ring: by the q axle component I of grid-connected currentqDo after the recovery with reference value 0 and send into power network current regulation Device R3, by power network current actuator R3Output and line voltage at the component E of q axleqAnd cross-couplings item ω LIdPhase After adding, as the q axle component of reference vector in SVPWM;
(5) in SVPWM, reference vector produces switching tube through SVPWM ripple generation module and drives signal, drives three Electrical level inverter.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Fig. 1 (b), in this two-stage type photovoltaic combining inverter, prime is BOOST converter, and rear class uses Neutral-point-clamped three-level inverter, bus capacitor is 200 μ F;Use TMS320F2812DSP as digitial controller. Control method is as in figure 2 it is shown, its concrete control strategy implementation is as follows:
By the a/d converter sampling three-phase inductive current of DSP, three-phase power grid voltage, BOOST converter inductive current, Busbar voltage is multiplied by proportionality coefficient inside DSP and obtains the actual value that each sampled value is corresponding.Three-phase power grid voltage is through lock Phase ring obtains phase angle, according to park transforms and Clarke transform, current value in ABC coordinate system is converted into synchronization d-q Current phasor in coordinate system.In dsp with calculating according to sampling gained BOOST converter inductive current and dutycycle BOOST converter output electric current;Modulate more defeated than calculating equivalence inverter according to d shaft current component and SVPWM Enter electric current, and then try to achieve equivalent capacity electric current;Outer voltage is according to given busbar voltage reference and the bus electricity of feedback Pressure, through actuator output capacitance current reference, and then directly controls to flow into inverse by the capacitive current inner ring that bandwidth is higher Becoming the electric current of device, thus reach so that busbar voltage dynamic response is rapid, busbar voltage is to prime power disturbance rejection ability The effect improved.For the simulation busbar voltage fluctuation that causes due to power pulsations of photovoltaic cell, artificially make photovoltaic cell High-power uprushed to 100% peak power by 20% peak power, then anticlimax is to 20% peak power, to detect this patent The effectiveness of the control strategy proposed.
Fig. 3 is the busbar voltage (waveform above) that the present embodiment obtains in two-stage type three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device With grid-connected current dynamic waveform (being positioned at the waveform of lower section).By this figure this it appears that work as photovoltaic power and suddenly change Time, inverter current increases sharply, and simultaneously, inverter busbar voltage keeps constant.
Fig. 4 is that the present embodiment obtains in two-stage type three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverting device grid-connected current stable state waveform is (on being positioned at Side is inverter busbar voltage waveform, and be positioned at lower section is three-phase grid current waveform).Be can be seen that surely by this figure During state, grid-connected inverters electric current is smooth, and sine degree is high, and THD is little.
The two-stage type three-level photovoltaic grid-connected inverter control mode that the present invention proposes, is ensureing that output electric current THD is relatively low On the basis of, enhance the rejection ability of the busbar voltage pulsation that busbar voltage causes for photovoltaic power pulsation;Cause Control mode for the present invention reduces the input impedance of inverter, therefore can be with the less thin-film capacitor of capacitance as mother Line capacitance.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the digital control method of a two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter, it is characterised in that: by bus Outer voltage, d axle capacitive current inner ring and q axle power network current internal ring combine, and are controlled three-level inverter, Particularly as follows:
Busbar voltage outer shroud: by busbar voltage reference value VrefWith busbar voltage sampled value VbusDo after the recovery, reversely send into voltage Outer shroud pi regulator R1, by outer voltage pi regulator R1Output as the reference I of d axle capacitive current inner ringref
D axle capacitive current inner ring: by the reference I of d axle capacitive current inner ringrefWith the equivalent capacity electric current I detectedcapDo After the recovery, sends into capacitance current ring pi regulator R2, by capacitance current ring pi regulator R2Output and line voltage at d The component E of axledAnd cross-couplings item ω LIqAfter addition, as the d axle component of reference vector in SVPWM;
Q axle power network current internal ring: by the q axle component I of grid-connected currentqDo after the recovery with reference value 0 and send into power network current regulation Device R3, by power network current actuator R3Output and line voltage at the component E of q axleqAnd cross-couplings item ω LIdPhase After adding, as the q axle component of reference vector in SVPWM;
In SVPWM, reference vector produces switching tube through SVPWM ripple generation module and drives signal, drives three level inverse Become device;
In d axle capacitive current inner ring, by calculating sampling prime BOOST converter output electric current and rear class three level The difference of input current of inverter obtains average capacitance electric current in a switch periods, i.e. equivalent capacity electric current Icap
The digital control method of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter the most according to claim 1, its It is characterised by: three-level inverter is I-NPC or T-NPC inverter, calculates three by one of following two method Electrical level inverter input current: 1. by calculating every phase switching tube switch function and three pole reactor electric current, calculate one and open Flow into bridge arm current sum on three-level inverter in the cycle of pass and flow out the flat of bridge arm current sum under three-level inverter Average, as three-level inverter input current;2. by calculating three-phase current amplitude in d-q coordinate system and tune Ratio processed, flows into bridge arm current sum and bridge under outflow three-level inverter on three-level inverter in calculating a switch periods The meansigma methods of arm electric current sum, as three-level inverter input current.
CN201410500090.0A 2014-09-25 2014-09-25 A kind of digital control method of two-stage type three-phase tri-level photovoltaic combining inverter Expired - Fee Related CN104300820B (en)

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CN108777497B (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-09-15 国网宁夏电力有限公司 Two-stage type photovoltaic power generation active participation power grid frequency regulation control strategy
CN111049376B (en) * 2019-12-02 2021-10-22 浙江大学 Two-stage type serial photovoltaic power optimizer system communication-free bus modulation method
CN114740272B (en) * 2022-04-18 2023-03-21 西南交通大学 Bus capacitance on-line monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium

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