CN104300663A - Pico-nano satellite power supply achieved through maximum power point tracking technology - Google Patents
Pico-nano satellite power supply achieved through maximum power point tracking technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104300663A CN104300663A CN201410604344.3A CN201410604344A CN104300663A CN 104300663 A CN104300663 A CN 104300663A CN 201410604344 A CN201410604344 A CN 201410604344A CN 104300663 A CN104300663 A CN 104300663A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pico-nano satellite power supply achieved through the maximum power point tracking technology and relates to the field of satellite power supplies. The pico-nano satellite power supply solves the problem that most of existing pico-nano satellite power supply systems are controlled through software and accordingly software defects lead to system failures. The power supply signal output end of a solar battery pack is connected with the power supply signal input end of a maximum power point tracking controller, the control signal output end of the maximum power point tracking controller is connected with the first control signal input end of a charge controller, the second control signal input and output end of the charge controller is connected with the first control signal output and input end of a storage battery protector and then connected to a bus, the second control signal input and output end of the storage battery protector is connected with the power supply signal output and input end of a storage battery pack, the control signal input end of a direct voltage conversion unit is connected to the bus, and the control signal input end of a power distribution unit is connected with the bus and the control signal output end of the direct voltage conversion unit at the same time and outputs voltage. The pico-nano satellite power supply is applied to supplying power to a pico-nano satellite.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to satellite power supply field.
Background technology
Skin Nano satellite is a direction of China's Aerospace Technology development, compared to the satellite of other types, skin Nano satellite has that the development and design cycle is short, cost is low, be convenient to modularization and mass production, be convenient to the features such as management, is conducive to the verification experimental verification in-orbit carrying out new technology.At present, a large amount of scientific research institution and university are all in the research carrying out skin Nano satellite both at home and abroad, and have a large amount of skin Nano satellite successfully to fly in-orbit.
The power-supply system of satellite is one of important core system of satellite, and being responsible for the vital task of powering for whole star, is the lifeline of satellite.For skin Nano satellite, power-supply system must have the features such as reliability is high, efficiency is high, quality is light, volume is little, guarantee is safe and reliable powers for whole star, ensure that satellite normally works within its designed life, but, nowadays skin Nano satellite power-supply system relies on software to control mostly, easily occurs because software defect causes the situation of system down.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relies on software to control to solve existing skin Nano satellite power-supply system mostly, and easy appearance causes the situation of system down due to software defect, proposes a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology.
A kind of skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology that adopts comprises solar battery group, MPPT maximum power point tracking controller, charge controller, storage battery protecting device, batteries, DC voltage conversion unit and power distributing unit, the power supply signal output of described solar battery group is connected with the power supply signal input of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller, the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller is connected with the first control signal input of charge controller, second control signal input/output terminal of charge controller is connected to bus after being connected with the first control signal I/O of storage battery protecting device, second control signal input/output terminal of storage battery protecting device is connected with the power supply signal I/O of batteries, the control signal input of DC voltage conversion unit is connected to bus, the control signal input of power distributing unit is connected with the control signal output of bus and DC voltage conversion unit simultaneously, the control signal output output voltage of power distributing unit.
Described DC voltage conversion unit comprises the Boost type switch power controller of+5V output and the Buck-Boost type switch power controller of+3.3V output, the control signal input of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller that the control signal input of the Boost type switch power controller that described+5V exports exports with+3.3V is all connected with bus, the control signal output of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller that the control signal output of Boost type switch power controller that+5V exports exports with+3.3V is connected with the control signal input of power distributing unit respectively.
Described power distributing unit comprises the first current limiting switch, second current limiting switch and the 3rd current limiting switch, described first current limiting switch to be connected on bus and to export busbar voltage, the control signal output of the Boost type switch power controller that control signal input and the+5V of the second current limiting switch export is connected, the control signal output of the second current limiting switch exports 5V voltage, the control signal output of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller that control signal input and the+3.3V of the 3rd current limiting switch export is connected, the control signal output of the 3rd current limiting switch exports 3.3V voltage.
Described skin Nano satellite power supply also comprises two ideal diodes, one of them ideal diode is connected between the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller and the first control signal input of charge controller, and the anode of this ideal diode is connected with the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller, another ideal diode is connected on bus, and the anode of this ideal diode is connected with the second control signal input/output terminal of charge controller and the first control signal I/O of storage battery protecting device simultaneously, the negative electrode of this ideal diode simultaneously with the control signal input of the first current limiting switch, the control signal input of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller that the control signal input of Boost type switch power controller that+5V exports exports with+3.3V is connected.
Beneficial effect: skin Nano satellite power acquisition of the present invention distributed power supply, each several part is independent of each other; Adopt the modularized design of function high concentration, be convenient to applicable different demand, be conducive to fast integration; Overcome the impact because software defect brings completely; Storage battery protecting device excessive or battery can be in when overcharging state at charging and discharging currents, provides accurately monitoring and activation threshold value, realizes the overcurrent protection of batteries, over-charge protective and deep-discharge protection; Utilize MPPT maximum power point tracking controller to utilize the power output of solar battery group to greatest extent, at any time the peak power output point of tracking solar battery pack, whole power that solar battery group can be exported are brought into play.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the P-V curve chart of solar cell;
Fig. 3 is lithium ion cell charging curve chart;
Fig. 4 is ideal diode and normal schottky diode forward conduction Character Comparison figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, composition graphs 1 illustrates this embodiment, a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology that adopts described in this embodiment comprises solar battery group 1, MPPT maximum power point tracking controller 2, charge controller 3, storage battery protecting device 4, batteries 5, DC voltage conversion unit 6 and power distributing unit 7, the power supply signal output of described solar battery group 1 is connected with the power supply signal input of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller 2, the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller 2 is connected with the first control signal input of charge controller 3, second control signal input/output terminal of charge controller 3 is connected to bus after being connected with the first control signal I/O of storage battery protecting device 4, second control signal input/output terminal of storage battery protecting device 4 is connected with the power supply signal I/O of batteries 5, the control signal input of DC voltage conversion unit 6 is connected to bus, the control signal input of power distributing unit 7 is connected with the control signal output of bus and DC voltage conversion unit 6 simultaneously, the control signal output output voltage of power distributing unit 7.
Skin Nano satellite power acquisition of the present invention distributed power supply, each several part is independent of each other; Adopt the modularized design of function high concentration, be convenient to applicable different demand, be conducive to fast integration.
Storage battery protecting device 4 excessive or battery can be in when overcharging state at charging and discharging currents, provides accurately monitoring and activation threshold value, realizes the overcurrent protection of batteries 5, over-charge protective and deep-discharge protection.
The operation principle of MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller 2 described in present embodiment is as follows:
Peak power tracking mode introduces a tandem tap adjuster between solar battery group 1 and batteries 5 or load, be used for regulating the power output of solar battery group 1, in order to the power output of solar battery group 1 can be utilized to greatest extent, can the peak power output point of tracking solar battery pack 1 at any time, whole power that solar battery group 1 can export are brought into play, or directly supply load, or be stored in batteries 5.
Figure 2 shows that the P-V curve chart of solar cell, figure can learn thus, the unimodal function of the P-V curve of solar cell to be one with maximum power point be extreme value, its feature illustrates can find maximum power point by step-searching method, namely from initial state, successively does a limited change, then measure because input signal changes the size and direction causing output variable to change, after waiting to have distinguished direction, then the input direction on demand controlling controlled device regulates, and realizes self-optimizing control.When the intersection point of load characteristic and solar battery group characteristic is at solar battery group maximum power point corresponding voltage Vm left, the effect of PPT system is that the voltage of point of intersection is raised; And when focus is at solar battery group maximum power point corresponding voltage Vm right, the effect of PPT is the voltage drop making point of intersection.Fig. 4 describes this dynamic process.Suppose that working point is at V1 place, solar battery group power output is P1; If working point moves to V2=V1+ Δ V, solar battery group power output is P2, then compares current power P2 and memory power P 1.If P2>P1, illustrate that the poor Δ V of input signal makes power output become large, working point is positioned at the maximum power value Pmax left side, should continue to increase voltage, makes working point continue to change towards the direction of the right and Pmax.If Pmax is crossed in working point, reach V4, if now increase Δ V again, then working point reaches V5, if comparative result P5<P4, illustrate that working point is on the right of Pmax, input signal difference Δ V makes power output diminish, and need the change direction changing input signal, namely input signal deducts Δ V, compare current power and memory power again, constantly find maximum power point Pmax like this and remain on maximum power point place.
Analyzed from above, the key of MPPT maximum power point tracking is to differentiate that present operating point is relative to the region residing for Pmax, and concrete method of discrimination is as follows:
As P (t+ Δ t) >P (t),
If V (t+ Δ t) >V (t), working point, on a left side for Pmax point, should increase voltage;
If V (t+ Δ t) <V (t), working point, on the right side of Pmax point, should reduce voltage.
As P (t+ Δ t) <P (t),
If V (t+ Δ t) >V (t), working point, on the right side of Pmax point, should reduce voltage;
If V (t+ Δ t) <V (t), working point, on a left side for Pmax point, should increase voltage.
Therefore, PPT is actually a kind of power adjustments, instead of voltage-regulation.The object of employing PPT is the energy in order to maximally utilise solar array.
A kind of described in embodiment two, this embodiment and embodiment one adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, described solar battery group 1 is made up of N number of solar battery cell connection in series-parallel, N be more than or equal to 2 integer.
In present embodiment, it is one group that solar battery group 1 comprises 2 solar battery cell parallel connections, and be altogether 3 groups, each solar cell is gallium arsenide solar cell, and energy conversion efficiency can reach 28%.
A kind of described in embodiment three, this embodiment and embodiment one adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, batteries 5 is composed in parallel by single battery.
In present embodiment, the connected mode of storage battery adopts the independent discharge and recharge in parallel of three joint lithium ion batteries, and storage battery normal voltage is 3.7V, single battery capacity 2600mAh, and three joint total capacity 7800mAh, i.e. 23.4Wh, can meet satellite demand.
Figure 3 shows that lithium ion cell charging curve chart, left side ordinate represents charging current, unit is A, right side ordinate represents battery tension, unit is V, the abscissa jewel charging interval, unit is s, curve A represents charging current, curve B represents cell voltage, lithium ion cell charging process is divided into three parts, cell voltage is lower than being precharge during 3.0V, charging current is 1/10 of setting constant current charge process electric current, constant current charge process is transferred to when voltage reaches 3.0V, in constant current charge process, charging current is setting maximum charging current, constant voltage charge process is transferred to after voltage reaches 4.2V, in this process charging current be decreased to gradually charging current be less than 50mA or setting stop electric current time charging process terminate.
Embodiment four, a kind of described in this embodiment and embodiment one adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, described DC voltage conversion unit 6 comprises the Boost type switch power controller 6-1 of+5V output and the Buck-Boost type switch power controller 6-2 of+3.3V output, the control signal input of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller 6-2 that the control signal input of the Boost type switch power controller 6-1 that described+5V exports exports with+3.3V is all connected with bus, the control signal output of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller 6-2 that the control signal output of Boost type switch power controller 6-1 that+5V exports exports with+3.3V is connected with the control signal input of power distributing unit 7 respectively.
Embodiment five, a kind of described in this embodiment and embodiment four adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, described power distributing unit 7 comprises the first current limiting switch 7-1, second current limiting switch 7-2 and the 3rd current limiting switch 7-3, described first current limiting switch 7-1 to be connected on bus and to export busbar voltage, the control signal output of the Boost type switch power controller 6-1 that control signal input and the+5V of the second current limiting switch 7-2 export is connected, the control signal output of the second current limiting switch 7-2 exports 5V voltage, the control signal output of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller 6-2 that control signal input and the+3.3V of the 3rd current limiting switch 7-3 export is connected, the control signal output of the 3rd current limiting switch 7-3 exports 3.3V voltage.
Embodiment six, a kind of described in this embodiment and embodiment five adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, it also comprises the first ideal diode 8 and secondary ideal diode 9, first ideal diode 8 is connected between the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller 2 and the first control signal input of charge controller 3, and the anode of the first ideal diode 8 is connected with the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller 2, secondary ideal diode 9 is connected on bus, and the anode of secondary ideal diode 9 is connected with the second control signal input/output terminal of charge controller 3 and the first control signal I/O of storage battery protecting device 4 simultaneously, the negative electrode of secondary ideal diode 9 simultaneously with the control signal input of the first current limiting switch 7-1, the control signal input of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller 6-2 that the control signal input of Boost type switch power controller 6-1 that+5V exports exports with+3.3V is connected.
A kind of described in embodiment seven, this embodiment and embodiment six adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, the first ideal diode 8 and secondary ideal diode 9 all adopt MOSFET to realize.
In present embodiment, first ideal diode 8 and secondary ideal diode 9 all adopt MOSFET and corresponding drive circuit to realize one-way conduction function, as shown in Figure 4, because MOSFET conducting resistance is minimum, make less compared to the forward voltage drop of common ideal diode, only there is 250mV when 4A electric current, consume 42% for common ideal diode.
A kind of described in embodiment eight, this embodiment and embodiment seven adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be; temperature sensor can be increased in batteries 5 or solar battery group 1 place; by iic bus monitoring temperature, and increase overheating protection circuit.
A kind of described in embodiment nine, this embodiment and embodiment seven adopts the difference of the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology to be, current sensor and voltage sensor can be increased, in real time the current/voltage value of monitoring significant points at MPPT maximum power point tracking controller 2, bus, DC voltage converter place.
Claims (7)
1. one kind adopts the skin Nano satellite power supply of MPPT maximum power point tracking technology, it is characterized in that, it comprises solar battery group (1), MPPT maximum power point tracking controller (2), charge controller (3), storage battery protecting device (4), batteries (5), DC voltage conversion unit (6) and power distributing unit (7), the power supply signal output of described solar battery group (1) is connected with the power supply signal input of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller (2), the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller (2) is connected with the first control signal input of charge controller (3), second control signal input/output terminal of charge controller (3) is connected to bus after being connected with the first control signal I/O of storage battery protecting device (4), second control signal input/output terminal of storage battery protecting device (4) is connected with the power supply signal I/O of batteries (5), the control signal input of DC voltage conversion unit (6) is connected to bus, the control signal input of power distributing unit (7) is connected with the control signal output of bus and DC voltage conversion unit (6) simultaneously, the control signal output output voltage of power distributing unit (7).
2. a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solar battery group (1) is made up of N number of solar battery cell connection in series-parallel, N be more than or equal to 2 integer.
3. a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, batteries (5) is composed in parallel by single battery.
4. a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described DC voltage conversion unit (6) comprises the Boost type switch power controller (6-1) of+5V output and the Buck-Boost type switch power controller (6-2) of+3.3V output, the control signal input of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller (6-2) that the control signal input of the Boost type switch power controller (6-1) that described+5V exports exports with+3.3V is all connected with bus, the control signal output of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller (6-2) that the control signal output of Boost type switch power controller (6-1) that+5V exports exports with+3.3V is connected with the control signal input of power distributing unit (7) respectively.
5. a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described power distributing unit (7) comprises the first current limiting switch (7-1), second current limiting switch (7-2) and the 3rd current limiting switch (7-3), described first current limiting switch (7-1) to be connected on bus and to export busbar voltage, the control signal output of the Boost type switch power controller (6-1) that control signal input and the+5V of the second current limiting switch (7-2) export is connected, the control signal output of the second current limiting switch (7-2) exports 5V voltage, the control signal output of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller (6-2) that control signal input and the+3.3V of the 3rd current limiting switch (7-3) export is connected, the control signal output of the 3rd current limiting switch (7-3) exports 3.3V voltage.
6. a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, it also comprises the first ideal diode (8) and secondary ideal diode (9), first ideal diode (8) is connected between the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller (2) and the first control signal input of charge controller (3), and the anode of the first ideal diode (8) is connected with the control signal output of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller (2), secondary ideal diode (9) is connected on bus, and the anode of secondary ideal diode (9) is connected with the second control signal input/output terminal of charge controller (3) and the first control signal I/O of storage battery protecting device (4) simultaneously, the negative electrode of secondary ideal diode (9) simultaneously with the control signal input of the first current limiting switch (7-1), the control signal input of the Buck-Boost type switch power controller (6-2) that the control signal input of Boost type switch power controller (6-1) that+5V exports exports with+3.3V is connected.
7. a kind of skin Nano satellite power supply adopting MPPT maximum power point tracking technology according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the first ideal diode (8) and secondary ideal diode (9) all adopt MOSFET to realize.
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| WO2016190917A3 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2017-01-05 | Spire Global, Inc. | System and method for power distribution in an autonomous modular system |
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| CN107745819A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-02 | 重庆科创职业学院 | A kind of fixed-wing solar powered aircraft |
| CN108287497A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Measurement and control system based on digital logic device |
| CN110148995A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-20 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of spacecraft reconstruction power-supply system framework |
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| CN113422424A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-09-21 | 绵阳天仪空间科技有限公司 | Satellite power supply system |
| CN113422424B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-30 | 绵阳天仪空间科技有限公司 | Satellite power supply system |
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