CN104158400A - Modularized high-pressure power supply circuit - Google Patents
Modularized high-pressure power supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104158400A CN104158400A CN201410345773.3A CN201410345773A CN104158400A CN 104158400 A CN104158400 A CN 104158400A CN 201410345773 A CN201410345773 A CN 201410345773A CN 104158400 A CN104158400 A CN 104158400A
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Abstract
The invention provides a modularized high-pressure power supply circuit which comprises a boosting circuit, a resonance boosting isolating circuit, a voltage doubling rectifying circuit and a control circuit, wherein the voltage boosting circuit is used for boosting input low-pressure wide-range direct voltage into output direct voltage with higher relative voltage; the resonance boosting isolating circuit is connected with the boosting circuit, and is used for converting the direct voltage output by the boosting circuit into resonance alternate current to be output through voltage transformation isolation; the voltage doubling rectifying circuit is connected with the resonance boosting circuit, and is used rectifying the alternate current output after resonance change of the resonance boosting isolating circuit into direct current to conduct voltage doubling boosting; the control circuit conducts voltage close-loop control on the boosting circuit and conducts fixed-frequency open-loop control on the resonance boosting isolating circuit. Various levels of short circuit structures of the circuit are relatively fixed, low-pressure wide-range input and high-pressure high isolation multichannel output are facilitated, the precision of the output voltage is high, the control is simple, the power density is high, the modularization is easy, and the modularized high-pressure power supply circuit is particularly suitable for being used as a power supply of an MPM after the modularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detection technique, signal processing and electrical control field, particularly a kind of puma manipulator control system based on microcontroller system circuit.
Background technology
High voltage source is the necessary electric supply installation of Microwave Power Module (MPM), the core cell of MPM is travelling-wave tube amplifier, its negative electrode, grid, collector all need high voltage supply, and in order to raise the efficiency, its collector usually adopts again multi-level depressurization collector technology, needs many group high voltage sourcies, and therefore the power supply of whole travelling wave tube needs the power supply of multichannel high voltage source.MPM has the advantages such as broadband, efficient, low noise, small size, light weight and becomes gradually the standardised generic amplifier in the fields such as radar, satellite communication onboard system, laser, medical X-ray, its power supply technological difficulties also correspondingly mainly concentrate on high power density, high efficiency, high reliability, are easy to several aspects such as modularization, therefore selecting suitable power supply circuits, is the prerequisite that ensures MPM performance.At present MPM power supply circuits adopt phase-shifting full-bridge, resonance oscillation semi-bridge/full-bridge, the multi resonant circuit mode such as shake mostly, be operated in high-frequency PWM pattern or high-frequency resonant mode, front end by DC power supply or the AC power after over commutation as input, after high frequency unsteady flow, form many group high voltage sourcies by high-frequency isolation transformer in secondary rectification, its system typical structure as shown in Figure 1.
Phase-shifting full-bridge is owing to adopting zero voltage switch (ZVS) mode, can realize larger power grade and higher conversion efficiency, but there are some obvious defects, for example input voltage can not be too low, excursion can not be too wide, output needs filter inductance, when underloading, be difficult to realize ZVS etc., in addition because the transformer no-load voltage ratio of boosting is high, the number of turn, presenting larger parasitic parameter more, especially leakage inductance can cause due to voltage spikes and threaten device safety in HF switch work, therefore cause this kind of circuit to be difficult to realize more high-grade Voltage-output and the conversion efficiency of Geng Gao.
Resonance oscillation semi-bridge/full-bridge circuit generally has series resonance, two kinds of patterns of parallel resonance, avoid the impact of parasitic parameter on circuit safety owing to utilizing stray inductance electric capacity participation work, simultaneously owing to can realizing zero voltage switch (ZVS) or the Zero Current Switch (ZCS) of power switch pipe, improve conversion efficiency, reduce EMI noise, improve switching frequency, realize high efficient high power density, but while there is equally low pressure input occasion because the isolating transformer no-load voltage ratio of boosting causes more greatly design of transformer difficulty in the time taking into account high insulating requirements, especially when wider in change range of input voltage and load variations is larger, the design of system closed loop stability is very difficult, underloading is difficult to realize the stable of output voltage when especially unloaded.
Multi-resonant circuit is a kind of circuit that combines series parallel resonance advantage, but sort circuit is due to the increase of resonant element, in operation mode, present multiple resonant process, make the design of circuit parameter and optimize all to become very complicated and loaded down with trivial details, simultaneously it can not solve and load variations wider in change range of input voltage system closed loop stability difficult design when larger, the problem such as stable of output voltage when underloading.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide one can low pressure wide region input, high pressure do the output of isolation multichannel, output voltage stabilization efficiency is done to obtain high-voltage power supply circuit.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is specifically achieved in that and the invention provides a kind of modularization high-voltage power supply circuit, it is characterized in that, comprising: booster circuit, for the low pressure wide-range direct current voltage of input being boosted into the higher direct voltage output of relative voltage; Resonance step-up buffer circuit, connects described booster circuit, for the direct voltage of booster circuit output being converted into resonance alternating current and isolating rear output by transformation; Voltage doubling rectifing circuit, connects described resonance step-up circuit, is direct current and carries out multiplication of voltage and boost for the AC rectification of output after resonance step-up buffer circuit resonance is changed.Control circuit, carries out voltage close loop control, described resonance step-up buffer circuit is carried out determining frequency open loop control described booster circuit.
Preferably, described booster circuit bag power inductance L1, power switch Q1, power diode D1, output capacitance C1, described booster circuit is Boost booster circuit.
Preferably, described booster circuit also comprises power switch Q1 is sampled and provides closed-loop control signal and input overcurrent to protect the current sampling unit CT1 of signal.
Preferably, described buffer circuit comprises bridge inverter main circuit, resonant circuit, high-frequency step-up transformer T1 and resonance current sampling unit CT2.
Preferably, described bridge inverter main circuit is made up of power switch unit Q2-Q5, its input is electrically connected the output of described booster circuit, two brachium pontis mid points of described inverter circuit are output, described output electrical connection resonant tank, described resonant circuit road comprises power inductance L2 and the capacitor C 2 of series connection, the former limit composition resonant tank of described resonant circuit and described high-frequency step-up transformer T1, and the secondary winding of described high-frequency step-up transformer connects voltage doubling rectifing circuit.
Preferably, described buffer circuit also comprises resonance current sampling unit CT2.
Preferably, described voltage doubling rectifing circuit comprises and n bridge rectifier and a voltage sample unit, described bridge rectifier is made up of two diodes and two electric capacity, and a described n bridge rectifier is connected step by step, wherein the secondary winding number of the corresponding high-frequency step-up transformer of n.
Preferably, described control circuit comprises control and protected location, isolation accessory power supply and isolation drive unit.
MPM travelling-wave tube amplifier high-voltage power supply circuit of the present invention, this circuit adopts the scheme that the input of prime wide region is boosted, intergrade constant frequency resonance is isolated, paid limit multichannel voltage multiplying rectifier multiple series series, in integrated controlled resonant converter advantage, can also reach following beneficial effect:
(1) employing of prime booster circuit makes system be applicable to voltage wide range input, the restriction that having broken through input voltage in prior art can not be too low, scope can not be too wide;
(2) adopt the isolation of full-bridge type resonance, improved resonance level input voltage utilance, thereby alleviated the burden of boosting of isolating transformer, reduce design and the difficulty of processing of isolating transformer;
(3) pay limit and adopt voltage multiplying rectifier multiple series series pattern to reduce the number of turn of transformer, thereby further reduced design difficulty and the processing technology of transformer, make isolating transformer be easy to realize high insulating requirements, improve the reliability of system;
(4) isolation method of employing constant frequency resonance full-bridge, resonance isolation link can be equivalent to from control system to a pure proportional component, thereby avoid in traditional scheme, adopting resonant transformation to do the problem of the difficult design of closed loop, and the intergrade resonant circuit operate in open loop state owing to adopting prime booster circuit closed loop, can well solve resonance full-bridge for underloading time, output voltage is difficult to the inherent shortcoming that keeps stable;
(5) because Boost circuit itself has higher conversion efficiency, and full-bridge resonance after adopting fixed frequency mode of operation is also easy to working point to be arranged on optimum efficiency point, simultaneously due to its fixed open loop mode of operation frequently, overcome the requirement of closed-loop system to resonant circuit frequency range, there is higher conversion efficiency so whole system can be operated in compared with high operating frequency.
In the present invention, obtain high-voltage power supply circuit short-circuit structures at different levels relatively fixing, be applicable to the input of low pressure wide region, the output of the high isolation of high pressure multichannel, output voltage precision is high, control simply, power density is high, and the advantage power grade that system conversion efficiency is high can be from hundreds of watts to one kilowatt, typical efficiencies can reach more than 95%, power density is high, is easy to modularization, is particularly suitable for the power supply as MPM after modularization.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is existing system exemplary block diagram;
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram of modularization high-voltage power supply circuit embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit closed-loop control block diagram of modularization high-voltage power supply circuit embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit working flow chart of modularization high-voltage power supply circuit embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 be modularization high-voltage power supply circuit embodiment of the present invention according to the specific design circuit diagram of load request.
Fig. 6 be modularization high-voltage power supply circuit embodiment of the present invention according to the waveforms detection figure of the specific design circuit of load request;
Fig. 7 be modularization high-voltage power supply circuit embodiment of the present invention according to the data test figure of the specific design circuit of load request.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it will be more clear making above-mentioned and other object of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages.In whole accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral is indicated identical part.Deliberately do not draw in proportion accompanying drawing, focus on illustrating purport of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The invention provides a kind of modularization high-voltage power supply circuit, comprising: booster circuit, for the low pressure wide-range direct current voltage of input being boosted into the higher direct voltage output of relative voltage; Resonance step-up buffer circuit, connects described booster circuit, for the direct voltage of booster circuit output being converted into resonance alternating current and isolating rear output by transformation; Voltage doubling rectifing circuit, connects described resonance step-up circuit, is direct current and carries out multiplication of voltage and boost for the AC rectification of output after resonance step-up buffer circuit resonance is changed; Control circuit, for the driving control of booster circuit, resonance step-up buffer circuit and voltage doubling rectifing circuit.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, modularization high-voltage power supply circuit comprises A, B, C, tetra-parts of D.
Wherein A part is booster circuit, and this part comprises a power inductance unit L1, power switch unit Q1, power diode cells D 1, output capacitance unit C1, a current sampling unit CT1;
Power inductance L1, power switch Q1, power diode D1 and output capacitance C1 have formed basic Boost booster circuit, its effect is that the low pressure wide-range direct current voltage of input is converted by high-frequency PWM, boost for relative voltage is higher and stably direct voltage offer rear class B part;
Its effect of power switch Q1 is high-frequency PWM copped wave; Its effect of diode D1 is rectification output; Capacitor C 1 its effect is output filtering and energy storage; Its effect of the CT1 of current sampling unit is the electric current of sampled power switch Q1 and offers control circuit for closed-loop control and input overcurrent protection.
In the present embodiment, power switch Q1 is the controlled unsteady flow switch I of a high frequency GBT, certainly also MOSFET, same power switch Q1 can be the controlled unsteady flow switches of multiple high frequencies that are formed in parallel, it is mainly that the power switch meeting after equivalence can meet high-frequency PWM copped wave.
In the present embodiment, diode D1 can be single diode, can certainly be the equivalent diode that multiple diodes are connected or composed in parallel, and can be that halfwave rectifier also can full-wave rectification, as long as complete rectification output.Equally, in the present embodiment, capacitor C 1 is single electric capacity, the electric capacity that certain also multiple capacitances in series or equivalence in parallel form.The CT1 of current sampling unit can be the current transformer of connecting with power switch, current Hall transducer, resistance etc.
B part is resonance step-up buffer circuit, and this part comprises four power switch unit Q2 ~ Q5, a power inductance unit L2, capacitor cell C2, a high-frequency step-up transformer unit T1, and a resonance current sampling unit CT2.
Power switch Q2 ~ Q5 be the controlled unsteady flow switch of one or more high frequencies that are formed in parallel as MOSFET, IGBT etc., its effect is that high-frequency PWM copped wave is to realize opening and turn-offing of electric current.Power tube Q2 ~ Q5 forms bridge inverter main circuit, it is input as the output of boosting of prime Boost, it is exported from two brachium pontis mid point a, b end forms resonant tank with the former limit winding PW1 of inductance L 2, capacitor C 2 and high-frequency isolation transformer T1, and effect is direct current is converted into resonance alternating current and is passed to and pays limit after high frequency transformer isolation;
L2 is power inductance, and effect is to form series resonance chamber together with C2; C2 is the equivalent capacity being formed by one or more electric capacity connection in series-parallel, and its effect is to form series resonance chamber together with inductance L 2;
T1 is a high-frequency isolation boost transformer, and it comprises a former limit winding PW1 and n pair limit winding, and former limit winding PW1 and inductance L 2, capacitor C 2 and full-bridge circuit form resonant tank, pays limit winding SW1 ~ SWn and connects rear class C rectification unit partly.The effect of T1 is that resonance high-frequency ac current is delivered to and pays limit output, thereby realizes transmission and the electrical isolation of energy, also realizes boosting to original edge voltage by no-load voltage ratio simultaneously;
CT2 can be current transformer, current Hall transducer or the resistance being connected in resonant tank, and effect is sampling resonance current and delivers to control circuit for overcurrent protection.
C part is voltage multiplying rectifier multiple series series circuit, this part comprises that n of transformer T1 is paid limit winding, n the voltage multiplying rectifier unit being formed by diode and electric capacity, each unit is by two power diodes and two bridge rectifiers that electric capacity forms, a voltage sample unit being formed by resistance R a, Rb, the effect of this part is to outputing to after resonant transformation that to pay the AC rectification on limit be direct current and realizing two times and boost, and forms step high pressure through connecting step by step;
For convenience of description, the voltage multiplying rectifier unit being made up of diode D1, D2 and capacitor C 1, C2 in Fig. 2 is defined as to the 1st rectification unit, and name in turn the 2nd, the 3rd with this .... until will be by Dn1, the voltage multiplying rectifier unit called after n rectification unit that Dn2 and Cn1 and Cn2 form.
Diode in each rectification unit is the equivalent diode that one or more diode connection in series-parallel form, and its effect is conducting or cut-off current;
Electric capacity in each rectification unit is the equivalent capacity that one or more electric capacity connection in series-parallel form, and its effect is to form voltage-doubler rectification bridge with together with diode in this unit, is direct voltage by an ac voltage rectifier of paying limit winding output of transformer T1;
The anode output of the 1st rectification unit is defined as to reference voltage 0V, and the output voltage of each rectification unit is respectively:
The 1st rectification unit: V1,
The 2nd rectification unit: V2-V1,
……
N rectification unit: Vn-Vn-1.
Because each rectification unit is in sequential series, thus V1, V2 ... Vn voltage raises along equidirectional echelon, and negative pressure echelon raises.
D part is control circuit part, comprises a control and protected location, an isolation accessory power supply unit and an isolation drive unit.
Control and the effect of protected location is by output voltage sampling feedback value Vfb in main circuit, resonance current ir and Boost switching tube current i Q carry out closed loop computing, produce the duty ratio logic to Boost switching tube, also by above-mentioned feedback parameters, main circuit is inputted the protection of overcurrent, output overcurrent and output overvoltage, control unit internal circuit is mainly signal conditioning circuit, digital signal processing circuit, dedicated PWM control chip etc. simultaneously;
The effect of isolation drive unit is the Boost duty ratio of control unit generation to be delivered to former limit by isolation realize the driving to Boost switching tube Q1; Its internal circuit is mainly optocoupler, drives intensifier circuit etc.;
The effect of isolation accessory power supply unit is from input power taking, and the output voltage that produces multichannel isolation offers respectively control circuit and isolated drive circuit, and its internal circuit is conventional isolated form DCDC change-over circuit, as anti exciting converter etc.
High-voltage power supply circuit described in the invention, its operation principle is:
Prime Boost circuit adopts voltage close loop control, after input voltage is boosted, offers intergrade series resonant full bridge circuit.Due to Boost circuit itself, the input direct voltage of relative broad range can be raise and presses and offer rear class for galvanic current, and having of inductance of input is beneficial to the output current ripple that reduces front level power supply;
Series resonant full bridge circuit adopts open loop fixed-frequency control, and the direct voltage after Boost is boosted becomes the high-frequency ac voltage of fixed frequency, isolates to be passed to pay limit by high frequency transformer;
The direct voltage Vn that pays limit rectification output is by sampling feedback to Closed Loop Control Unit, and the error signal that compares generation with the reference voltage V nref setting converts the closed loop duty ratio of Boost to after PID regulates.Consider that Boost circuit is because subharmonic concussion problem itself easily appears in topology, so the slope current of Boost switching tube is incorporated into and carries out subharmonic concussion in FEEDBACK CONTROL and eliminate;
Intergrade series resonant full bridge adopts the fixed control of open loop frequently, the frequency that is power tube Q2 ~ Q5 is fixed, and pipe is complementary up and down, it is the sample identical driving of one group of fixed frequency fixed duty cycle of Q2 and Q4, Q3, Q5 adopt another group same frequency and duty ratio to drive, between these two groups of duty ratios, be complementary relationship, consider that pipe can not lead directly to up and down, between these two groups of duty ratios, set fixing Dead Time.The duty ratio logic of Q2 ~ Q5 is easy to realize by the integrated control chip of special DCDC;
Transformer is paid a limit winding output and is all adopted voltage-doubler rectification, and by sequential series each rectification unit, obtains thus the different common ground voltage of four road voltages, as the supply power voltage of travelling wave tube negative electrode, collector electrode and grid.Because cathode voltage the highest (negative voltage) and the voltage accuracy requirement of travelling wave tube are the highest, so the high potential point of series voltage is taken as to no-voltage reference, potential minimum point (Relative Zero reference point is peak suction) V4 is powered as travelling wave tube negative electrode.Due to travelling wave tube collector electrode and the required precision of grid supply power voltage relatively low, so by V1, V2, V3 .... as their power supply, series resonant full bridge multichannel is exported good cross regulation rate and can be met the demands, even for the exigent application scenario of voltage accuracy, consider travelling wave tube grid and collector current very little (being generally no more than tens of milliamperes), be easy to reach requirement by increasing rear class linear voltage-stabilizing circuit;
As shown in Figure 3, wherein Gdv is the open-loop transfer function of Boost circuit from duty ratio to output to closed-loop control block diagram, and K is the equivalent open-loop transfer function of determining frequency open loop controlled resonant converter.The realization of closed-loop control can adopt the integrated control chip of special DCDC, also can adopt the digital signal processing chip such as single-chip microcomputer, DSP;
Due to control unit and a pair limit output common ground, so the duty ratio logic that closed loop produces need to be sent to former limit through the moving circuit of isolated area, to realize the high frequency control to Boost power switch.General isolation drive has two kinds of magnetic isolation and light-coupled isolations, considers that Boost duty ratio is larger, so can adopt light-coupled isolation;
Isolation secondary power system, generally adopts the modes such as anti exciting converter, directly obtains voltage from input, produces required accessory power supply and offer control unit and driver element after isolation transforms.Employing has (Brownout) special integrated control chip of circuit of reversed excitation of input overvoltage/undervoltage defencive function, is easy to realize the overvoltage/undervoltage protection of input voltage, ensures the normal operation interval of input terminal voltage of circuit.
MPM travelling wave tube high voltage source described in the invention, as shown in Figure 4, its course of work is:
In the time that input voltage meets working range, secondary power system starts;
After the normal work of accessory power supply, output multi-channel voltage is to control and protected location, driver element power supply;
Control unit has powered on after initialization and has first entered soft-start mode, and the duty ratio of Boost circuit is since 0 linear increase, and Boost power switch enters high-frequency PWM work, after input voltage is boosted, delivers to series resonant full bridge; Series resonant full bridge carries out determining frequency open loop PWM pattern according to the frequency of setting, and your inversion of voltage after Boost is boosted is alternating voltage, after transformer output, arranges voltage and starts to rise gradually from 0V;
After output voltage rises to a certain degree, system enters work, produces real-time Boost PWM duty ratio after closed loop computing, and this duty ratio is controlled Boost switching tube after overdrive circuit, to ensure that output voltage reaches the requirement of setting;
In the time that output voltage is too high, by the feedback of Vfb, system overvoltage protection starts, and blocks the duty ratio of Boost, does not have energy to be passed to and pays limit, until output voltage returns to normal range (NR);
In the time of output overcurrent or short circuit, by Boost switching tube current sample iQ and resonance current sample iR, system overcurrent protection starts, and blocks the duty ratio of Boost and series resonant full bridge, until system restart.
According to the principle of the travelling wave tube power supply circuits patent of foregoing description, carry out actual design and test as an example of certain model travelling-wave tube amplifier example.This travelling wave tube power reguirements is as follows:
Input: 24 ~ 32V;
Output: V1 (to reference to ground V0) :-900V ± 5%, 50mA;
V2 (to V1) :-450V ± 5%, 60mA;
V3 (to V2) :-450V ± 5%, 60mA;
V4 (to reference to ground V0) :-2700V ± 1%, 60mA.
Efficiency requires: overall efficiency >=94% under nominal load; Insulating requirements: former pair of limit 8KV isolation.
The circuit theory and the actual loading requirement that propose according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, wherein Fig. 5 (a) is main power circuit to design circuit structure.Design implementation method is described below:
Main circuit design:
Calculating total nominal load is 270W, considers 10% overload capacity, and system power designs by 300W.The balance of comprehensive power density and conversion efficiency, can Boost circuit, the switching frequency of resonance full-bridge circuit is set to 100kHz.
Consider the balance between efficiency and the step-up ratio of first order Boost, generally get the maximum step-up ratio of Boost 3 times of left and right, can choose thus 75V and export exemplary voltages as Boost, be i.e. resonance full-bridge input voltage; Resonance full-bridge adopts full duty ratio open loop control, and for guaranteeing can to set 5% change of current Dead Time safely, the DC current gain of resonance full-bridge is 0.96; Be that transformer primary side Equivalent DC voltage is 72V;
Pay limit voltage multiplying rectifier, DC current gain is 2, according to paying limit thus according to transformer Fu Biange road voltage request, can determine that former secondary no-load voltage ratio is as follows:
Pw1?:?Sw1?:?Sw2?:?Sw3?:Sw4=1?:?6?:?3?:?3?:?6
According to voltage parameter, in Boost circuit, can to adopt withstand voltage be the MOSFET of 150V to power switch Q1, consider that electric current is larger, can adopt the MOSFET of low conduction loss (low Rdson value), for example can adopt the IRFB4115PbF type MOSFET of IR company, this metal-oxide-semiconductor have 150V withstand voltage and 100 DEG C at the On current ability of 70A, Rdson is low to moderate 10m Ω, can realize minimum conduction loss.
Power inductance L1 can adopt magnetic bias ability to realize compared with sendust core strong and that core loss is relatively little (Sendust), because switching frequency is higher, the inductance calculated value of L1 is less, under the input current ripple condition that ensures to be less than under rated condition 30%, only need 50uH inductance value, can adopt annular sendust core, diameter can be controlled in 30mm, and overall dimensions is less;
Because switching frequency is higher, Boost rectification diode should adopt Ultrafast recovery diode, as adopt carborundum (SiC) diode can eliminate reverse recovery loss, as adopt the IDB10S60C type diode of CREE company, withstand voltage 600V, current capacity 10A under 100 DEG C of conditions, has recovery time fast, the feature that reverse recovery loss is minimum, can further improve conversion efficiency.
Resonance full-bridge is owing to flowing through sinusoidal current, and its circuit loss is power tube conduction loss substantially, so power switch Q2 ~ Q5 should select the Rdson little MOSFET that tries one's best, can still adopt the IRFB4115PbF type MOSFET of IR company here.
The parameter value of resonant inductance L2 and resonance capacitor C 2 calculates according to resonance formula: fr=1/sqrt (L2*C2), and wherein fr is resonance frequency, can be taken as consistent with switching frequency, i.e. 100KHz.
Isolating transformer designs according to power and switching frequency, can choose PQ3535 FERRITE CORE as isolating transformer magnetic core in this example, calculates by basic circuit magnetic circuit, the transformer primary secondary number of turn can be taken as to Pw1=12, Sw1=72, Sw2=36, Sw3=36, Sw4=72 circle.Because former secondary insulating requirements is very high, conventional multilayer lap wound technique has larger difficulty, can adopt many lattice gear skeletons and three layer insulation wire to carry out coiling, has ensured creepage distance thereby this structure makes to have enough barricades between coil; Skeleton adopts without pin structure simultaneously, and all windings adopt fly line tap, thereby have ensured the creepage distance between magnetic core and winding, are therefore easy to realize high insulating requirements.
Transformer is paid limit rectifier diode need adopt high withstand voltage fast recovery diode, according to voltage in this example and load, and more than can adopting withstand voltage 2KV, low junction capacitance diode more than on-state average current 0.5A; Commutation capacitor adopts the thin-film capacitor of withstand voltage 2KV.Because load current is very little, capacitance is corresponding less, about 100nF.
Output voltage sampling need to be used sampling with high precision resistance, and the setting of resistance should, enough greatly to reduce loss, need to meet high requirement of withstand voltage simultaneously.Here Ra can adopt the resistance series connection of multiple 0.5% precision, considers that sampled voltage is up to nearly 3KV, so total resistance should be more than 30M Ω, thereby by loss control in 0.3W, in 0.1% of gross power.
Control and drive circuit design:
Intergrade resonance full-bridge adopts fixed frequently fixing duty PWM to control, and can adopt bridge-type DCDC conversion dedicated PWM control chip, also can adopt special resonance control chip, as the LLC half-bridge resonance special chip UCC25600 of TI company, as shown in Fig. 5 (b).
Access RT pin and suitable resistance value R17 and the R18 of DT pin by selection, can obtain power switch operating frequency 100KHz and the Dead Time set.According to this example design, Dead Time can be set as to 0.2uS, equivalent duty ratio is 0.96, to ensure under the condition of the safe change of current 0.96 DC current gain.
Saturated in order to prevent the excessive magnetic core that causes of resonant inductance and transformer starting current, resonance full-bridge need to have soft starting circuit, while startup, duty ratio slowly strengthens until 0.96, UCC25600 chip provides soft start function, by the value of the electric capacity that accesses SS pin is set, can set the length of soft-start time.
UCC25600 also provides resonance current overcurrent protection function, because the overcurrent of load can be reflected on resonance current, so can realize the protection to load overcurrent or short circuit.Because resonance current is alternating current; so can adopt current transformer scheme cheaply samples to resonance current Ir; sampled value is delivered to the OC pin of chip after rectification circuit and resistance R 5 are converted into direct voltage; require and chip internal protection threshold value according to the protection point of power circuit; suitable resistance R 5 resistances are set, and 8 of resistance R 7 and capacitor C form RC filter circuit current sampling data are carried out to High frequency filter anti-noise.
By above-mentioned setting, UC25600 output two-way has the complementary PWM signals of fixing Dead Time, for realizing the control to resonance full bridge power circuit.Because upper pipe Q2 and Q3 need isolation drive, then consider that the duty ratio of Q2 ~ Q5 is all no more than 0.5, can adopt the high and transformer isolation drive scheme that cost is low of reliability, as shown in FIG..
Prime Boost realizes loop pressure-stabilizing control, can adopt the Boost special integrated circuit LT3757A control chip of TI, as shown in Fig. 5 (c).
Voltage sample value of feedback V4fb, for closed loop, also realizes overvoltage protection, because V4fb sampled value is negative voltage, so by sending the FBX pin of chip after reverse follower simultaneously.
Over-voltage protection point chip internal is set to 1.05 times of closed-loop reference voltage, i.e. corresponding output 2835V; R8, C3 and C4 form Voltage loop compensating network; In order to prevent subharmonic concussion, the slope current iQ1 flowing through on power switch Q1 can be superimposed to the voltage error signal of compensating network, the sampling of this electric current can adopt current transformer scheme to reduce costs, because the maximum duty cycle of Boost circuit exceedes 0.5, so adopted active magnetic reset mode (Vcc_1, R11 and D2 form) at the limit winding of paying of current transformer.This electric current send the SENSE pin of chip simultaneously, can realize the Cycle by Cycle overcurrent protection to electric current.
Because this control chip is positioned at transformer secondary, so the control of Boost power switch Q1 is needed to isolation, consider large (maximum approaches 0.8) of duty ratio of Q1, should not adopt transformer isolation type of drive.In this example, adopt light-coupled isolation to drive, select the positive logic light-coupled isolation of Fairchild company to drive chip FOD3120, can meet requirement and the driving force of isolation voltage.
Test result:
Above-mentioned high-voltage power supply circuit, through actual measurement, under rated power, system effectiveness has reached 95.5%, even under 20% underloading condition, exports each road voltage accuracy and still meets design requirement.Crucial test waveform and data are as accompanying drawing 6, Fig. 7.
In above description, a lot of details are set forth so that fully understand the present invention.But above description is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention can implement to be much different from alternate manner described here, and therefore the present invention is not subject to the restriction of disclosed concrete enforcement above.Any skilled personnel are not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope situation simultaneously, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention,, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a modularization high-voltage power supply circuit, is characterized in that, comprising:
Booster circuit, for boosting the low pressure wide-range direct current voltage of input into the higher direct voltage output of relative voltage;
Resonance step-up buffer circuit, connects described booster circuit, for the direct voltage of booster circuit output being converted into resonance alternating current and isolating rear output by transformation;
Voltage doubling rectifing circuit, connects described resonance step-up circuit, is direct current and carries out multiplication of voltage and boost for the AC rectification of output after resonance step-up buffer circuit resonance is changed;
Control circuit, carries out voltage close loop control, described resonance step-up buffer circuit is carried out determining frequency open loop control described booster circuit.
2. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described booster circuit bag power inductance L1, power switch Q1, power diode D1, output capacitance C1, and described booster circuit is Boost booster circuit.
3. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described booster circuit also comprises samples and provide closed-loop control signal and input overcurrent to protect the current sampling unit CT1 of signal power switch Q1.
4. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described buffer circuit comprises bridge inverter main circuit, resonant circuit, high-frequency step-up transformer T1 and resonance current sampling unit CT2.
5. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described bridge inverter main circuit is made up of power switch unit Q2-Q5, its input is electrically connected the output of described booster circuit, two brachium pontis mid points of described inverter circuit are output, described output electrical connection resonant tank, described resonant circuit road comprises power inductance L2 and the capacitor C 2 of series connection, the former limit composition resonant tank of described resonant circuit and described high-frequency step-up transformer T1, the secondary winding of described high-frequency step-up transformer connects voltage doubling rectifing circuit.
6. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described buffer circuit also comprises resonance current sampling unit CT2.
7. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described voltage doubling rectifing circuit comprises and n bridge rectifier and a voltage sample unit, described bridge rectifier is made up of two diodes and two electric capacity, a described n bridge rectifier is connected step by step, wherein the secondary winding number of the corresponding high-frequency step-up transformer of n.
8. modularization high-voltage power supply circuit according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises control and protected location, isolation accessory power supply and isolation drive unit.
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