CN103928533B - Application and energy collection and motion sensing method of graphene in motion liquid drop energy conversation - Google Patents
Application and energy collection and motion sensing method of graphene in motion liquid drop energy conversation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103928533B CN103928533B CN201410139749.4A CN201410139749A CN103928533B CN 103928533 B CN103928533 B CN 103928533B CN 201410139749 A CN201410139749 A CN 201410139749A CN 103928533 B CN103928533 B CN 103928533B
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- graphene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/08—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect
Abstract
The invention provides an application and energy collection and motion sensing method of graphene in motion liquid drop energy conversation. When liquid drops on the surface of the graphene move, due to the charging and discharging effects of double electrode layers formed by ions inside the liquid drops on the surface of the graphene at the front end and the tail end of liquid drop motion, a voltage can be generated at the two ends of the graphene in the liquid drop motion direction. The linear relation is formed between the voltage and the speed of liquid drop motion, and polarities depend on the liquid drop motion direction. Energy collection and sensing of the liquid drop motion speed, direction and time are achieved through the voltage generated at the two ends of the graphene through the moving liquid drops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to collection of energy and conversion field, specifically a kind of Graphene answering in the conversion of motion drop energy
With and collection of energy and motion sensing method.
Background technology
The energy conversion device of flowing water electric energy can be collected and flow-sensint unit suffers from important effect in a lot of fields, than
As collected energy, characterizing material electrochemical performance and real-time medical diagnosiss.The working mechanism of these devices depends on mostly
Streaming potential, can produce the electrokinetic phenomenon of an electric potential difference when electrolyte is by narrow hole or gap at solution two ends.
But these applications are confined to some specific situations.Since CNT is placed in the liquid of flowing by calendar year 2001 theoretical prediction
An electric current can be produced inside it when middle to start, a lot of experiments all show this effect.But, the result reported and mechanism are deposited
In very big difference.
Graphene is the monoatomic layer structure being made up of regular hexagon carboatomic ring, has the same of nature thin structure
When also have high chemical stability, high mechanical strength and extremely excellent electronic transport performance.Its monoatomic layer thickness and superelevation
Carrier mobility make it especially sensitive to external environment condition, or even be capable of identify that monomolecular absorption and be desorbed.But such as
Using Graphene, this excellent performance is also to be studied to realize energy conversion device and senser element for what.
Content of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve the deficiency of existing energy conversion device and senser element, discloses a kind of Graphene in motion
Application in the conversion of drop energy and collection of energy and motion sensing method, are produced at Graphene two ends by motion drop
Voltage realizes collection of energy and the sensing of liquid drop movement speed, direction and time.
The invention provides a kind of application in the conversion of motion drop energy for Graphene.
Present invention also offers a kind of Energy harvesting methods in the conversion of motion drop energy for Graphene, walk including following
Suddenly:
1)Prepare dielectric base, cleaning, then dry;
2)One layer graphene thin layer is prepared on substrate;
3)With hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is coated, limit water droplet and only move in graphenic surface;
4)Prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect electric loading.
Wherein, described dielectric base is the metal with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer or quasiconductor, or high
Molecular flexibility material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
Described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, oils and fatss or politef.
The preparation method of described electrode is direct applying conductive glue or Standard screen typography or technique for vacuum coating.
Present invention also offers a kind of Graphene motion drop energy conversion in motion sensing method it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
1)Prepare dielectric base, cleaning, then dry;
2)One layer graphene thin layer is prepared on substrate;
3)With hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is coated, limit water droplet and only move in graphenic surface;
4)Prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect voltmeter;
5)The drop of known movement velocity is placed in graphenic surface, records corresponding voltage, prepared movement velocity with
The standard curve of voltage relationship;
6)The drop of Unknown Motion speed is placed in graphenic surface, records corresponding voltage, according to speed and voltage
The standard curve of relation extrapolates the movement velocity of drop, and the direction of motion of the positive and negative determination drop according to voltage, according to voltage
Persistent period obtain the movement time of drop.
Wherein, described dielectric base is the metal with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer or quasiconductor, or high
Molecular flexibility material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
Described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, oils and fatss or politef.
The preparation method of described electrode is direct applying conductive glue or Standard screen typography or technique for vacuum coating.
The present invention has the beneficial effects that:
1 present invention firstly discloses a kind of Graphene motion drop energy conversion in application.
2nd, the present invention by the voltage that motion drop produces at Graphene two ends realize collection of energy and liquid drop movement speed,
Direction and the sensing of time.Preparation method is simple, is suitable for the large-scale production such as surface mount.
3rd, movement-less part of the present invention, reliable operation, directly perceived.
4th, by motion drop driving voltage signal, graphene device part can be with non-active operation.
Brief description
The apparatus structure schematic diagram that Fig. 1 uses for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the voltage that the drop that embodiment 1 measurement obtains leads in graphenic surface motion;
Fig. 3 is the movement velocity-voltage relationship of multiple drops that embodiment 2 measurement obtains;
Fig. 4 is m- voltage signal when embodiment 3 measures the liquid drop movement obtaining;
Fig. 5 is liquid drop movement speed-voltage signal that embodiment 4 measurement obtains.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a kind of Graphene motion drop energy conversion in application and collection of energy and motion pass
Sensing method, as shown in figure 1, including dielectric base 1, preparation in dielectric base 1 has a layer graphene thin layer to its device using
2, graphene film layer 2 outward flange is coated with hydrophobic material, and the preparation of graphene film layer 2 two ends has electrode 3, and draws wire,
Two wires connect voltmeter 4 or load.This device can with horizontal positioned, tiltedly put or vertically place.
The principle of the invention is, when graphenic surface liquid drop movement, is formed in graphenic surface due to ion in drop
Electric double layer, in the charge and discharge electro ultrafiltration of the front end of liquid drop movement and tail end, can produce at the two ends along liquid drop movement direction in Graphene
One voltage.This voltage swing and liquid drop movement speed linear, polarity depends on the speed of liquid drop movement.
Energy harvesting methods in the conversion of motion drop energy for the Graphene, comprise the following steps:
1)Prepare dielectric base, cleaning, then dry;
2)One layer graphene thin layer is prepared on substrate;
3)With hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is coated, limit water droplet and only move in graphenic surface;
4)Prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect electric loading, can make load running or storage
Produced electric energy.
Motion sensing method in the conversion of motion drop energy for the Graphene is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1)Prepare dielectric base, cleaning, then dry;
2)One layer graphene thin layer is prepared on substrate;
3)With hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is coated, limit water droplet and only move in graphenic surface;
4)Prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect voltmeter;
5)The drop of known movement velocity is placed in graphenic surface, records corresponding voltage, prepared movement velocity with
The standard curve of voltage relationship;
6)The drop of Unknown Motion speed is placed in graphenic surface, records corresponding voltage, according to speed and voltage
The standard curve of relation extrapolates the movement velocity of drop, determines the direction of motion of drop according to the polarity of voltage, according to voltage
Persistent period obtain the movement time of drop.
The substrate of above-mentioned insulation can be the metal or quasiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, such as silicon or
Germanium;Or macromolecule flexible material, such as plastics or rubber;Or nonconducting inorganic material, such as glass, quartz, boron nitride, oxygen
Change magnesium or Muscovitum.
Above-mentioned metal electrode can be gold, silver, copper, chromium, titanium, aluminum or platinum, or other high connductivity thin film, such as indium stannum
Oxide semiconductor nesa coating(ITO).
Above-mentioned graphene film layer preparation method, graphene layer can be directly grown in by large area deposition method
Dielectric base(As silicon dioxide substrate)Or transfer to required substrate after other large area deposition methods obtain,
The possible large area deposition method such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using, plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD), gold
Metal surface extension etc..The size of graphene layer can be several square millimeters to several squares lis according to the difference of application demand
Rice.
The above-mentioned method preparing electrode can be direct applying conductive glue, it is possible to use Standard screen typography,
Or the technique for vacuum coating such as ion sputtering, electron beam evaporation, hot evaporation or magnetron sputtering.
Above-mentioned hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, oils and fatss, politef etc..
Above-mentioned drop species can be the liquid that saline solution, acid solution, aqueous slkali etc. arbitrarily contain ion.Droplet size is not
Limit.
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.Method described in following embodiments, such as no special
Different explanation, is conventional method;Described reagent and material etc., if no special instructions, all commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1.
1st, prepare polyvinyl bottom, use acetone, ethanol, deionized water to be cleaned by ultrasonic substrate each 10 minutes successively, then dry
Dry.
2nd, chemical vapor deposition Graphene:With 25 microns of thick Copper Foils as substrate, maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperature, be passed through methane
And hydrogen, gas flow is methane 25sccm, hydrogen 10sccm, after growing 15 minutes, closes methane, in 10sccm hydrogen gas stream
It is cooled fast to room temperature under protection, the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-2 layer is obtained on copper.
3rd, Graphene transfers to polyvinyl bottom:The copper sheet surface that will be covered with Graphene is coated with PMMA solution, and solvent is waved
After sending out, copper sheet is placed in 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution and soaks, after 2 hours, copper is completely dissolved, and obtains floating on the stone on solution
Black alkene-PMMA layer, is transferred on polyvinyl bottom, is firmly combined with rear deionized water and is cleaned multiple times, then with a large amount of third
Ketone dissolves PMMA, obtains transferring to polyethylene suprabasil graphene layer structure(100mm×5mm).
4th, in Graphene long side two ends applying conductive elargol, and draw wire, baking and curing.With paraffin to Graphene outside
Edge is coated.
5th, graphene device is become 70 degree with horizontal plane tiltedly to put, two electrode one end are arranged in high-end, and the other end is in low side.
6th, Graphene two end electrodes are connect voltmeter gauge outfit, by 0.1M sodium chloride solution from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing
Drop onto graphenic surface.The voltage signal recording see Fig. 2 it can be seen that Graphene two ends can produce up to 20 millivolts with
On voltage.
Embodiment 2
According to the method for embodiment 1, but it is with the difference of embodiment 1
1st, prepare quartz substrate, use acetone, ethanol, deionized water to be cleaned by ultrasonic substrate each 10 minutes successively, then dry.
2nd, chemical vapor deposition Graphene:With 25 microns of thick Copper Foils as substrate, maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperature, be passed through methane
And hydrogen, gas flow is methane 40sccm, hydrogen 10sccm, after growing 15 minutes, closes methane, in 10sccm hydrogen gas stream
It is cooled fast to room temperature under protection, the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-3 layer is obtained on copper.
3rd, Graphene transfers to polyvinyl bottom:The copper sheet surface that will be covered with Graphene is coated with PMMA solution, and solvent is waved
After sending out, copper sheet is placed in 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution and soaks, after 2 hours, copper is completely dissolved, and obtains floating on the stone on solution
Black alkene-PMMA layer, is transferred on polyvinyl bottom, is firmly combined with rear deionized water and is cleaned multiple times, then with a large amount of third
Ketone dissolves PMMA, obtains transferring to polyethylene suprabasil graphene layer structure(100mm×5mm).
4th, in Graphene long side two ends applying conductive elargol, and draw wire, baking and curing.With silica gel to Graphene outside
Edge is coated.
5th, device horizontal positioned;
6th, Graphene two end electrodes are connect voltmeter gauge outfit, 0.3M sodium chloride solution is dripped from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing
Fall graphenic surface.Respectively test 1,2,3 solution motion when Graphene two ends voltage.Control liquid drop movement speed
And measuring Graphene both end voltage simultaneously, the movement velocity-voltage relationship obtaining sees Fig. 3 it can be seen that voltage signal and drop
Movement velocity and the number of drop be all directly proportional.
Embodiment 3
1st, preparing the silicon chip with 300nm silicon dioxide insulating layer is substrate, uses acetone, ethanol, deionized water to surpass successively
Each 10 minutes of sound cleaning substrate, then dries.
2nd, chemical vapor deposition Graphene:With 25 microns of thick Copper Foils as substrate, maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperature, be passed through methane
And hydrogen, gas flow is methane 40sccm, hydrogen 10sccm, after growing 15 minutes, closes methane, in 10sccm hydrogen gas stream
It is cooled fast to room temperature under protection, the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-3 layer is obtained on copper.
3rd, Graphene transfers to polyvinyl bottom:The copper sheet surface that will be covered with Graphene is coated with PMMA solution, and solvent is waved
After sending out, copper sheet is placed in 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution and soaks, after 2 hours, copper is completely dissolved, and obtains floating on the stone on solution
Black alkene-PMMA layer, is transferred on polyvinyl bottom, is firmly combined with rear deionized water and is cleaned multiple times, then with a large amount of third
Ketone dissolves PMMA, obtains transferring to polyethylene suprabasil graphene layer structure(4mm×50mm).
4th, adopt vacuum deposition method to deposit gold electrode at Graphene long side two ends, and draw wire, baking and curing.Use stone
Wax is coated to Graphene outward flange.
5th, device horizontal positioned;
6th, Graphene two end electrodes are connect voltmeter gauge outfit, 0.05M ammonia spirit is dripped from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing
Fall graphenic surface.Drop uniform motion under the speed of 3cm/s, control liquid drop movement time simultaneously measurement stream are sent a telegraph
Pressure, it can be seen that voltage signal is in square wave form, increases suddenly with the beginning of motion, returns suddenly with the stopping of motion
Zero, and polarity of voltage is just when drop moves right, and is negative, sees Fig. 4 during to left movement.
Embodiment 4
1st, preparing alumina substrate is substrate, uses acetone, ethanol, deionized water to be cleaned by ultrasonic substrate each 10 minutes successively,
Then dry.
2nd, chemical vapor deposition Graphene:With 25 microns of thick Copper Foils as substrate, maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperature, be passed through methane
And hydrogen, gas flow is methane 40sccm, hydrogen 10sccm, after growing 15 minutes, closes methane, in 10sccm hydrogen gas stream
It is cooled fast to room temperature under protection, the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-3 layer is obtained on copper.
3rd, Graphene transfers to polyvinyl bottom:The copper sheet surface that will be covered with Graphene is coated with PMMA solution, and solvent is waved
After sending out, copper sheet is placed in 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution and soaks, after 2 hours, copper is completely dissolved, and obtains floating on the stone on solution
Black alkene-PMMA layer, is transferred on polyvinyl bottom, is firmly combined with rear deionized water and is cleaned multiple times, then with a large amount of third
Ketone dissolves PMMA, obtains transferring to polyethylene suprabasil graphene layer structure(4mm×50mm).
4th, at Graphene long side two ends, silver electrode is prepared using method for printing screen, and draw wire, baking and curing.With gathering
Tetrafluoroethene is coated to Graphene outward flange.
5th, device horizontal positioned;
6th, Graphene two end electrodes are connect voltmeter gauge outfit, by 1M copper chloride solution from the high 10 centimeters drippages in device stage casing
To graphenic surface.Drop is 1M copper chloride solution.Control drop main track to move and measurement stream sends a telegraph pressure simultaneously, the motion obtaining
Speed-voltage signal is as shown in figure 5, voltage signal can react the change of the movement velocity of drop very well.
Concrete application approach of the present invention is a lot, the above be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that for
For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvement can also be made, this
A little improvement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Energy harvesting methods in the conversion of motion drop energy for Graphene are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1)Prepare dielectric base, cleaning, then dry;
2)One layer graphene thin layer is prepared on substrate;
3)With hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is coated, limit water droplet and only move in graphenic surface;
4)Prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect electric loading.
2. Graphene according to claim 1 motion drop energy conversion in Energy harvesting methods it is characterised in that:
Described dielectric base is the metal or quasiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, or macromolecule flexible material,
Or nonconducting inorganic material.
3. Graphene according to claim 1 motion drop energy conversion in Energy harvesting methods it is characterised in that:
Described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, oils and fatss or politef.
4. Graphene according to claim 1 motion drop energy conversion in Energy harvesting methods it is characterised in that:
The preparation method of described electrode is direct applying conductive glue or Standard screen typography or technique for vacuum coating.
5. a kind of motion sensing method in the conversion of motion drop energy for graphite ene coatings is it is characterised in that walk below including
Suddenly:
1)Prepare dielectric base, cleaning, then dry;
2)One layer graphene thin layer is prepared on substrate;
3)With hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is coated, limit water droplet and only move in graphenic surface;
4)Prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect voltmeter;
5)The drop of known movement velocity is placed in graphenic surface, records corresponding voltage, prepared movement velocity and voltage
The standard curve of relation;
6)The drop of Unknown Motion speed is placed in graphenic surface, records corresponding voltage, according to speed and voltage relationship
Standard curve extrapolate the movement velocity of drop, determine the direction of motion of drop, holding according to voltage according to the polarity of voltage
The continuous time obtains the movement time of drop.
6. motion sensing method in the conversion of motion drop energy for the graphite ene coatings according to claim 5, its feature
It is:Described dielectric base is the metal or quasiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, or macromolecule is flexible
Material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
7. Graphene according to claim 5 motion drop energy conversion in motion sensing method it is characterised in that:
Described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, oils and fatss or politef.
8. Graphene according to claim 5 motion drop energy conversion in motion sensing method it is characterised in that:
The preparation method of described electrode is direct applying conductive glue or Standard screen typography or technique for vacuum coating.
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CN107167206A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-15 | 深圳龙电电气股份有限公司 | A kind of water meter and its metering circuit |
CN108521237B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2020-03-31 | 南京邮电大学 | Graphene-based moving bubble power generation device and manufacturing method |
CN114323319B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-09-29 | 电子科技大学 | Preparation method of conductive material layer, self-powered hydrological sensor prepared from conductive material layer and manufacturing method of self-powered hydrological sensor |
CN114552937B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2023-09-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Energy collection mechanism and method for driving flat plate to move by raindrops |
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