CN103770656A - Integrated driving/charging device - Google Patents
Integrated driving/charging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103770656A CN103770656A CN201210410336.6A CN201210410336A CN103770656A CN 103770656 A CN103770656 A CN 103770656A CN 201210410336 A CN201210410336 A CN 201210410336A CN 103770656 A CN103770656 A CN 103770656A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an integrated driving/charging device. The integrated driving/charging device comprises a battery, a three-level converter, a three-phase motor and a switch, wherein the battery is suitable for getting charged in a charging mode and supplying power in a working mode, the direct-current side of the three-level converter is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, the alternating-current side of the three-level converter is provided with three ports, the three-level converter is suitable for providing interconversion of a direct current and an alternating current, the three-phase motor is provided with three windings, the switch is provided with at least three terminals and is suitable for enabling the three terminals to be electrically connected with one another when the switch is closed and enabling the three terminals to be electrically isolated from one another when the switch is opened, one end of each winding is connected to the corresponding terminal of the switch, the ends, connected to the switch, of two windings are also suitable for being connected to a live wire and a null line of an external power source, and the other end of each windings is connected to the corresponding port at the alternating-current side of the three-level converter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for EV(Electric Vehicle, electronlmobil) and PHEV(Pl ug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, rechargeable hybrid-electric car) vehicle-mounted type charging unit, relate in particular to a kind of can integrated driving and the integrated driving/charging unit of charge function.
Background technology
EV(Electric Vehicle, electronlmobil) and PHEV(Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, rechargeable hybrid-electric car) development more and more receive people's concern, be compared to traditional automobile, EV and PHEV use electric energy as the source driving, and are no longer dependent on fossil energy, can realize zero-emission (anti-emission carburetor) simultaneously, being conducive to environment, is following developing direction.In EV and PHEV, battery is very important parts, and the performance of battery and life-span are not only depended on the raw MAT'L that battery uses, and also depend on the mode of charging.Mainly contain at present the electric car charger of two kinds of forms, one is that on-board(is vehicle-mounted) type, power is less conventionally, without isolation, meets normal charge (6 to 8 hours) demand; Another kind is that off-board(is non-vehicle-mounted) type, power is larger, generally has isolation, meets fast charge (10 to 15 minutes) demand.
The structure of typical case EV is relatively simple, and its structure as shown in Figure 1, only has a set of battery/electric system, and battery, as the propulsion source of automobile, carrys out drive motor by changer.The core control part of EV has 2 control units, battery control unit and convertor controls unit.
Typical PHEV has 2 cover engine installations, and as shown in Figure 2, a set of be traditional internal-combustion engine system to its structure, another set of is battery/electric system, with common HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle, hybrid-electric car) different, the battery of PHEV can charge by external power supply.Except the control system of motor and combustion engine, also have a system controller, complete the task of comprising charging and energy management.
In EV and PHEV, there are these parts of actuator of motor to guarantee that the chemical power of battery is converted into the mechanical energy of motor, drive running car.And due to the existence of battery, generally all need charger to carry out supplementing of energy to battery, and as previously mentioned, On-board type of charge device power is little, is generally carried at any time in car, therefore requires its volume little, and cost is low, easy to use.In order to reach this target, a lot of scholars have discussed the possibility that the actuator of charger and motor is integrated, thereby use a set of hardware platform, meet in the different periods dual-use function that drives and charge.
The people such as Wally E.Rippel are US4920475A at publication number, be entitled as in the US Patent of " Integrated Traction Inverter and Battery Charger Apparatus ", disclose a kind of use 3 in motor driver mutually 2 levels full-bridge converters and external inductance and rectifier bridge form the concept of Boost charger, when battery is charged, keep input side High Power Factor.The people such as Alan G.Cocconi are US5341075A at publication number, be entitled as in the US Patent of " Combined Motor Drive and Battery Recharge System " and further use the winding of motor as inductance, form Boost circuit with 3 phase 2 levels full-bridge converter devices again, by cut off/connect the winding of changer and motor with 2 switches, thereby switch between the function driving and charge.
The people such as Wally E.Rippel are US5099186A at publication number, be entitled as and in the US Patent of " Integrated Motor Drive and Recharge System. ", propose to use 2 cover changers and 2 motors (or a motor 2 overlaps winding) to realize integrated between actuator and charger.Its thought is the three phase windings conduct input simultaneously inductance of motor, can guarantee that like this direction of current in three phase windings is consistent, prevents less desirable torque, and this thought can be in the EV of 2 wheel drive or PHEV.
The people such as S.J.Lee are at " An Integral Battery Charger for 4 Wheel Drive Electric Vehicle. " (IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron., Vol.57, No.2,641 – 648,2010.6.) in, propose to use 4 cover changers and 4 actuator/charger integrated systems that motor forms, can complete the conversion driving between charge function by a change-over switch, be applicable in the EV and PHEV of 4 wheel drive.
In addition, also there are some schemes to adopt special electric machine structure to carry out further effectively to utilize the inductance of motor winding, thereby realize the integrated of the charger of single-phase or 3 phases and actuator, use the system of split winding electric machine, its thought is to use the center tap of stator winding as input, 3 phase stator winding become 6 inductance, thereby form 23 phase chargers (or 1 single-phase charger); Use stator and the rotor winding of wound rotor asynchronous dynamo to form the voltage transformer of an isolation, thereby realized isolated charger system.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated driving/charging unit based on three-level converter, the actuator of charger and motor is integrated, can meet the dual-use function that drives and charge in the different periods, can improve again system effectiveness, reduce common-mode voltage.
The invention provides a kind of integrated driving/charging unit, comprising:
Battery, is suitable for being charged, under mode of operation, powering under charge mode;
Three-level converter, its DC side is connected to the both positive and negative polarity of described battery, and its AC has three ports, and the mutual conversion that provides direct current to exchange is provided described three-level converter;
Three phase electric machine, has three windings;
Switch, has at least three terminals, is suitable for making in the time of closure being electrically connected between described three terminals, and in the time opening, makes between described three terminals electrically isolated from one;
One end of wherein said three windings is connected respectively to three terminals of described switch, this end that wherein two windings are connected to described switch is also suitable for being respectively connected to live wire and the zero line of external power supply, and the other end of described three windings is connected respectively to three ports of the AC of described three-level converter.
According to device provided by the invention, also comprise the em filtering device between power supply and switch.
According to device provided by the invention, wherein, in the time that switch is closed, control em filtering device, em filtering device is disconnected power supply and switch, in the time of switch opens, control em filtering device, em filtering device is connected power supply with switch.
According to device provided by the invention, wherein said switch is single-phase contactless switch.
According to device provided by the invention, when wherein said switch is closed, described integrated driving/charging unit is in mode of operation.
According to device provided by the invention, when wherein said switch opens, described integrated driving/charging unit is in charge mode.
The present invention also provides a kind of electric control system, comprising:
1) system controller;
2) above-mentioned integrated driving/charging unit;
3) three-level converter controller;
Wherein system controller sends the order of battery charging and discharging to three-level converter controller, three-level converter controller, according to three-level converter and single-phase contactless switch in the order control integration driving/charging unit of the system controller of receiving, is realized the switching of battery between work/charge mode.
According to the invention provides system, on wherein said three phase electric machine, there is speed/positional sensor, described speed/positional sensor sends speed and the location information of three phase electric machine to three-level converter controller, the information wherein sending when speed/positional sensor shows that motor is kept in motion when middle, and three-level converter controller is not carried out the conversion from mode of operation to charge mode.
The present invention also provides a kind of electronlmobil, has above-mentioned integrated driving/charging unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of rechargeable hybrid-electric car, has above-mentioned integrated driving/charging unit.
Integrated driving/charging unit based on three-level converter provided by the invention, the actuator of charger and motor can be integrated, when charging, can not form rotating field and cause less desirable torque, be easy to realize unity power factor operation, also there is the feature that energy can two-way flow simultaneously, except by electrical network to battery charging, can also realize energy content of battery feedback grid, i.e. V2G(Vehicle to Grid) function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Referring to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of EV;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of PHEV;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram according to device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the single-phase contactless switch in embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram according to device of the present invention under charge mode;
Fig. 6 is according to the structural representation of the electric control system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of integrated driving/charging unit, its circuit diagram as shown in Figure 3, comprising:
Battery, be suitable under charge mode by charging, under mode of operation drive motor;
Three-level converter 1, the mutual conversion that provides direct current to exchange is provided, and its DC side is connected to the both positive and negative polarity of battery, and wherein the positive pole of three-level converter is connected to the positive pole of battery, the negative pole of three-level converter is connected to the negative pole of battery, and the AC of three-level converter 1 has three ports;
Three phase electric machine 2, has three-phase winding L 1, L2 and L3;
Switch S;
Em filtering device (EMI filter), between power supply and switch S;
Wherein one end of three-phase winding L 1, L2 and L3 is connected respectively to switch S, the particular circuit configurations of switch S as shown in Figure 3, this one end that three-phase winding L 1, L2 and L3 are connected to switch S is neutral, and this one end of the neutral of winding L 1, L3 is also connected to respectively live wire, the zero line of external power supply 3 by em filtering device in addition.Here selecting L1, L3 to be connected to external power supply 3 is only for convenience of description, and the winding that is connected to the both positive and negative polarity of external power supply 3 can be any two windings in three phase windings.The other end contrary with neutral one end of three-phase winding L 1, L2 and L3 is connected respectively to three ports of the AC of three-level converter, wherein switch S is single-phase contactless switch as shown in Figure 4, when switch S closure (is single-phase contactless switch adhesive, T1 is electrically connected with T2, T3 is electrically connected with T4) time, three-phase winding L 2 is shorted together formation neutral with three-phase winding L 1, L3, control em filtering device simultaneously, em filtering device is disconnected neutral one end of three-phase winding L 1, L3 and external power supply, and now battery is by three-level converter drive motor.(be that single-phase contactless switch disconnects and open when switch S, T1 and T2 disconnect, T3 and T4 disconnect) time, three-phase winding L 1, L2 and L3 disconnect respectively each other separately, control em filtering device simultaneously neutral one end of three-phase winding L 1, L3 is connected with external power supply 3, thereby make external power supply 3 access circuits.Now, winding L 1, L3 form single-phase three level rectifying circuit with A phase, the C phase brachium pontis of three-level converter, and as shown in Figure 5, in charge mode, power supply charges to battery by these single-phase three level rectifying circuit its equivalent circuit diagram.When charging, the size of current in the winding of L1 and L3 is equal, and opposite direction, can not form rotating field and cause less desirable torque, therefore does not need to increase extra rotor locking device yet.In addition, 3 level rectifying circuit in Fig. 5 are easy to realize unity power factor operation, also have the feature that energy can two-way flow simultaneously, except by electrical network to battery charging, can also realize energy content of battery feedback grid, i.e. V2G(Vehicle to Grid) function.
To sum up, the invention provides a kind of device that driving in EV and PHEV and charge function are integrated, the features such as wherein 3 level converters itself have high efficiency, and device voltage stress is low, when 3 level converters are during as the drive part of EV and PHEV, can provide harmonic content electric current still less to motor, reduce torque fluctuation, reduce that the motor feels hot and noise, can effectively reduce common-mode voltage by suitable PWM method, reduce the shaft current of motor, extend electrical machinery life; And when 3 level converters are during as the live part of EV and PHEV, can realize the two-way flow of energy between vehicle and electrical network, and effectively reduce the harmonic wave of current on line side, realize High Power Factor operation.
In above-described embodiment, em filtering device is except playing the effect of electromagnetic screening, also play the effect of cut-out/access external power supply, thereby while preventing switch S closure, external power supply is short-circuited, in according to other embodiments of the invention, also can replace em filtering device with other the switching device that cuts off/access external power supply.Also can omit em filtering device, in this case, need to guarantee after first disconnecting external power supply that close switch S is to prevent external power supply short circuit again.
According to other embodiments of the invention, the one in three-level converter is wherein only exemplarily shown in Fig. 3, the present invention also can adopt the three-level converter of other types.
According to other embodiments of the invention, wherein said three phase electric machine can be asynchronous dynamo, permagnetic synchronous motor, or the three phase electric machine of other types etc.
According to other embodiments of the invention, wherein switch S can be also the switch of other types, is not limited to single-phase contactless switch, switches as long as making winding L 2 at short circuit and be located away between winding L 1, this two states of L3.
The present invention also provides a kind of electric control system for EV or PHEV, and its structure as shown in Figure 6, comprising:
1) system controller;
2) aforesaid integrated driving/charging unit, comprises battery, three-level converter, motor, em filtering device and single-phase contactless switch, wherein on motor, has speed/positional sensor;
3) three-level converter controller;
Wherein system controller is responsible for the logic control of system level, for the mutual of man-machine interface and determine the action situation of combustion engine and electrical motor, the order of sending battery charging and discharging to three-level converter controller simultaneously.Speed/positional sensor sends speed and the location information of motor to three-level converter controller.Three-level converter controller is according to the order of system controller and the speed of motor and the location information received, select to carry out charging algorithm or drive algorithm, with the three-level converter in control integration driving/charging unit and single-phase contactless switch, by closed/disconnect single-phase contactless switch, realize the switching of battery between driving/charge mode.The information wherein sending when speed/positional sensor shows that motor is kept in motion when middle, and three-level converter controller is not carried out the conversion from mode of operation to charge mode.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. integrated driving/charging unit, comprising:
Battery, is suitable for being charged, under mode of operation, powering under charge mode;
Three-level converter, its DC side is connected to the both positive and negative polarity of described battery, and its AC has three ports, and the mutual conversion that provides direct current to exchange is provided described three-level converter;
Three phase electric machine, has three windings;
Switch, has at least three terminals, is suitable for making in the time of closure being electrically connected between described three terminals, and in the time opening, makes between described three terminals electrically isolated from one;
One end of wherein said three windings is connected respectively to three terminals of described switch, this end that wherein two windings are connected to described switch is also suitable for being respectively connected to live wire and the zero line of external power supply, and the other end of described three windings is connected respectively to three ports of the AC of described three-level converter.
2. device according to claim 1, also comprises the em filtering device between external power supply and switch.
3. device according to claim 1, wherein, in the time that switch is closed, controls em filtering device, and em filtering device is disconnected external power supply and switch, in the time of switch opens, controls em filtering device, and em filtering device is connected external power supply with switch.
4. device according to claim 1, wherein said switch is single-phase contactless switch.
5. device according to claim 1, when wherein said switch is closed, described integrated driving/charging unit is in mode of operation.
6. device according to claim 1, when wherein said switch opens, described integrated driving/charging unit is in charge mode.
7. an electric control system, comprising:
1) system controller;
2) integrated driving/charging unit according to claim 1;
3) three-level converter controller;
Wherein system controller sends the order of battery charging and discharging to three-level converter controller, three-level converter controller, according to three-level converter and single-phase contactless switch in the order control integration driving/charging unit of the system controller of receiving, is realized the switching of battery between work/charge mode.
8. system according to claim 7, on wherein said three phase electric machine, there is speed/positional sensor, described speed/positional sensor sends speed and the location information of three phase electric machine to three-level converter controller, the information wherein sending when speed/positional sensor shows that motor is kept in motion when middle, and three-level converter controller is not carried out the conversion from mode of operation to charge mode.
9. an electronlmobil, has integrated driving/charging unit as claimed in claim 1.
10. a rechargeable hybrid-electric car, has integrated driving/charging unit as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN201210410336.6A CN103770656B (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | A kind of integrated driving/charging device |
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| CN201210410336.6A CN103770656B (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | A kind of integrated driving/charging device |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104092273A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-08 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle driving and charging integrated control method and electric vehicle operated with same |
| CN105262406A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-01-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Switching reluctance motor driving mechanism based on three-level inverter and control method thereof |
| CN105914767A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-08-31 | 杭州杰能动力有限公司沈阳分公司 | Electric automobile drive and electric energy conversion control method |
| CN106786691A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of three level intelligent chargers with reactive-load compensation and reactive power detection compensation method |
| CN106740152A (en) * | 2016-11-06 | 2017-05-31 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of electric automobile uses the vehicle-mounted integrated form charge-discharge circuit of shunting tap |
| WO2017124971A1 (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2017-07-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Charging/discharging control device |
| WO2018054558A1 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for voltage conversion, traction network and method for charging a battery |
| CN109455095A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of drive system of electric automobile and correlation technique and device |
| CN110171323A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-27 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of electric car charge-discharge control system and application method based on V2G |
| CN110770069A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2020-02-07 | 麦格纳国际公司 | System and method for integrating battery charging and propulsion in plug-in electric vehicles |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104092273A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-08 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle driving and charging integrated control method and electric vehicle operated with same |
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| US10476401B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2019-11-12 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Device for converting voltage, traction network and method for charging a battery |
| WO2018054558A1 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for voltage conversion, traction network and method for charging a battery |
| CN109789805A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-05-21 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Equipment, drawing electric network and the method for charging the battery converted for voltage |
| CN106740152A (en) * | 2016-11-06 | 2017-05-31 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of electric automobile uses the vehicle-mounted integrated form charge-discharge circuit of shunting tap |
| CN106786691A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of three level intelligent chargers with reactive-load compensation and reactive power detection compensation method |
| CN110770069A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2020-02-07 | 麦格纳国际公司 | System and method for integrating battery charging and propulsion in plug-in electric vehicles |
| CN110770069B (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2023-06-23 | 麦格纳国际公司 | System and method for integrating battery charging and propulsion in a plug-in electric vehicle |
| CN109455095A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of drive system of electric automobile and correlation technique and device |
| CN110171323A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-27 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of electric car charge-discharge control system and application method based on V2G |
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| CN103770656B (en) | 2017-07-04 |
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