CN103728509A - Fault arc signal imitation generation device - Google Patents
Fault arc signal imitation generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103728509A CN103728509A CN201310689106.2A CN201310689106A CN103728509A CN 103728509 A CN103728509 A CN 103728509A CN 201310689106 A CN201310689106 A CN 201310689106A CN 103728509 A CN103728509 A CN 103728509A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fault arc signal imitation generation device. The fault arc signal imitation generation device comprises a fault arc signal acquisition device, a fault arc signal digitalizer, a central processing and control unit, a program control power amplification unit, a central processing and control unit fault arc sample storage, a shielding load sample storage, [N21] and a digital/analog converter. According to the device, multiple kinds of fault arc signals acquired by the fault arc signal acquisition device are digitalized by the fault arc signal digitalizer and then stored in the fault arc sample storage and the shielding load sample storage, when a certain kind of fault arc signals are requested to be output, corresponding samples are taken out from the fault arc sample storage and the shielding load sample storage for synthesis, and then required fault arc signal waveforms can be obtained, and therefore a large number of experimental facilities which need fault arcs to be generated are omitted. The device can be used for scientific research, teaching demonstration and detection experiments of fault arc current and voltage signals and for product testing in the fault arc protection electric appliance production flow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement and the analogue means of electric signal, be specifically related to a kind of fault electric arc signal imitation generating means.
Background technology
Electric arc is a kind of gas ionization electric discharge phenomena, is also a kind of plasma.Electric current in electric arc is the result that electronics and positive ion move under electric field action from microcosmic, wherein the mobile major part that forms electric current of electronics.The feature of electric arc is that temperature is very high, and electric current is very little, and the duration is short, once there is breakdown point, can frequently occur.During arc discharge, can produce a large amount of heat, the inflammable explosive article around that can ignite, causes fire even to explode.Electric arc on circuit can be divided into two kinds, and a kind of is normal operation arc, claims " good arc "; Another kind is fault electric arc, claims " bad arc "." good arc " refers to the electric arc that motor rotation (as electric drill, suction cleaner etc.) produces.Certainly, the arc producing when people's device for switching, plugging electric also belongs to " good arc "." bad arc " is fault electric arc, and the reason of generation comprises circuit loose contact, and insulation course is aging etc.Fault electric arc is mainly divided into three kinds in theory: serial arc, electric arc in parallel and ground arc.The medium of fault electric arc is mainly divided into two kinds of air and carbonization insulators.The electric arc that different electric arc kinds, electric arc medium produce is very different in the performance of current and voltage signals.Life, work safety accident for fear of occurring causing due to electric arc, be necessary fault electric arc to carry out deep research.In to the research of fault electric arc, need to produce the sample of the current/voltage of a large amount of fault electric arcs.Yet produce fault electric arc, need various arcing device and multiple shielding load, form a large amount of array modes.On May 1st, 2013 bulletin, notification number is to disclose a kind of fault electric arc signal imitation generating means during CN 102331536B, name are called the patent of invention of < < fault electric arc controllable simulative generation device > >.This device comprises arc generator structure, circuit interface module, control module; Described arc generator structure comprises the fixed electorde being fixed on base, is slidably mounted on the horizontal sliding table on base, is fixed on the movable electrode on horizontal sliding table, the stepper motor that drives horizontal sliding table to slide, the relay of two electrodes of connection; Described circuit interface module comprises alternating current arc voltage synchronous sampling circuit and alternating current synchronized sampling circuit; Described control module is controlled movable electrode by control step motor and is moved, and makes to produce electric arc between two electrodes, by pilot relay, realizes blow-out, by circuit interface module, gathers voltage and electric current.This device has solved the simulation to fault electric arc to a certain extent, but still has defect, and this device cannot simulate different types of fault electric arc signal as required at any time, therefore still can not meet the demand of scientific research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provides a kind of fault electric arc signal imitation generating means that can simulate as required variety classes fault electric arc signal for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, and the fault electric arc signal that this device produces is synthesized by numeral completely, and does not need any mechanical generating meanss such as similar arcing device.
To achieve these goals, the invention discloses a kind of fault electric arc signal imitation generating means, it is characterized in that comprising following ingredient:
Fault electric arc signal pickup assembly, described fault electric arc signal pickup assembly comprises that current collection circuit and voltage collection circuit form, described current collection circuit comprises current transformer, low-pass filter and amplifying circuit; Described voltage collection circuit comprises for gathering the voltage signal at arc generating device two ends and the voltage transformer (VT) of civil power synchronizing signal;
Fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device, for the fault electric arc signal of coming from the collection of fault electric arc signal pickup assembly is carried out to digitized processing, and processes and control module exporting central authorities to through digitized processing fault electric arc signal later;
Central authorities process and control module, comprise instruction input and display device, fault electric arc sample storage, shielding load sample storage, digital synthesis unit and digital to analog converter for man-machine exchange, described fault electric arc sample storage is used for storing the fault electric arc signal of inputting from fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device and shields current signal load with shielding load sample storage, described digital synthesis unit completes the computing to current analog signal according to the instruction of instruction input and display device input, and arithmetic expression is as follows:
Wherein
ia i for being stored in fault electric arc sample storage
nclass fault electric arc current signal,
aa i for corresponding enlargement factor (
i=1,2,3
n);
im jfor being stored in shielding load sample storage
mcurrent signal in type shielding load,
am j for corresponding enlargement factor, (
j=1,2,3
m); Described digital to analog converter will carry out digital-to-analog conversion from current analog signal and the program control signal of digital synthesis unit input, and exports the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal to program control power amplification unit;
Program control power amplification unit, described program control power amplification unit carries out exporting after power amplification to the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by current signal in all kinds of fault electric arc signals of fault electric arc signal pickup assembly collection and shielding load, and it is classified respectively and is stored in corresponding fault electric arc sample storage and shielding load sample storage, therefore the fault electric arc signal kinds that this device can be simulated as required, from fault electric arc sample storage and shielding load sample storage, select electric current sample of signal in corresponding fault electric arc signal and shielding load, by digital synthesis unit simulation combination, and export the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal to program control power amplification unit, can obtain required fault electric arc simulating signal, met the demand of scientific research, do not need any mechanical generating meanss such as similar arcing device yet.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is specific embodiment of the invention structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is fault electric arc signal pickup assembly specific embodiment structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is passive low ventilating filter specific embodiment circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is amplifying circuit specific embodiment circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the present invention's circuit specific embodiment circuit theory diagrams virtually;
Fig. 6 is that the present invention central authorities process and control module specific embodiment schematic block circuit diagram;
Fig. 7 is fault electric arc signal digital synthesis unit computing process program block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is programmable amplifying circuit specific embodiment circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, this fault electric arc signal imitation generating means comprises following ingredient: fault electric arc signal pickup assembly, fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device, central processing and control module and program control power amplification unit.Wherein said fault electric arc signal pickup assembly comprises that current collection circuit and voltage collection circuit form, and described current collection circuit comprises current transformer, low-pass filter and amplifying circuit; Described voltage collection circuit comprises for gathering the voltage signal at arc generating device two ends and the voltage transformer (VT) of civil power synchronizing signal; Fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device, for the fault electric arc signal of coming from the collection of fault electric arc signal pickup assembly is carried out to digitized processing, and processes and control module exporting central authorities to through digitized processing fault electric arc signal later; Central authorities process and control module, comprise for the instruction input of man-machine exchange and display device, fault electric arc sample storage, shielding load sample storage, digital synthesis unit and digital to analog converter, described fault electric arc sample storage at least comprises a kind of in series fault arc storer, parallel arc fault storer and earth fault electric arc storer; Described shielding load sample storage at least comprises a kind of in resistance wire shielding load sample storage, fluorescent light shielding load sample storage, convertible frequency air-conditioner shielding load sample storage, micro-wave oven shielding load sample storage, electromagnetic oven shielding load sample storage, electric drill shielding load sample storage, suction cleaner shielding load sample storage and refrigerator shielding load sample storage.Described fault electric arc sample storage is used for storing the fault electric arc signal of inputting from fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device and shields current signal load with shielding load sample storage, described digital synthesis unit completes the computing to current analog signal according to the instruction of instruction input and display device input, and arithmetic expression is as follows:
Wherein
ia i for being stored in fault electric arc sample storage
nclass fault electric arc current signal,
aa i for corresponding enlargement factor (
i=1,2,3
n);
im jfor being stored in shielding load sample storage
mcurrent signal in type shielding load,
am j for corresponding enlargement factor, (
j=1,2,3
m); Described digital to analog converter will carry out digital-to-analog conversion from current analog signal and the program control signal of digital synthesis unit input, and exports the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal to program control power amplification unit;
Program control power amplification unit, described program control power amplification unit carries out exporting after power amplification to the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal.
As shown in Figure 2, in this specific embodiment, in fault electric arc signal pickup assembly, current signal is gathered and is obtained and be converted to voltage signal by current transformer T1, by low-pass filter F1, removes clutter noise jamming, then through amplifying circuit A1 output.Live line Zero line both end voltage signal is depressured to suitable amplitude output through voltage transformer (VT) T2.As an alternative, also can after voltage transformer (VT) T2, add a zero-crossing detection circuit C1, when voltage zero-cross, export high level, so just can complete the output of voltage cycle synchronizing signal.In this specific embodiment, the specification of current transformer T1 be maximum current 20A or more than, elementary secondary coil ratio
n: 1,
nby the mutual inductor model of selecting itself, determined, usually
n=1000.By T1 and resistance
r t (10 Ω) carries out parallel connection, and current signal is converted into voltage signal.If the electric current on live wire (LINE) is
i, output voltage is
u t , the voltage signal of voltage transformer (VT) T2 with the pass of the current signal that needs to extract is:
Low-pass filter F1 is designed to the RC low-pass filter that cutoff frequency is 1MHz, as shown in Figure 3.Further, can improve low-pass filter F1 is active filter, to obtain better frequency response characteristic.As shown in Figure 4, amplifying circuit A1 is comprised of operational amplifier, and resistance R 1, R2 can adjust according to the requirement of gain, in theory gain G=R2/R1.If A1 gain simultaneously can not satisfy the demands, an identical amplifying circuit on can also connecting again after output point A1_OUTPUT, forms secondary and amplifies, the product that full gain is amplifier gains at different levels.F1 and A1 are all connected to virtual ground end VGND, produce the circuit of VGND as shown in Figure 5.Power source voltage Vcc need to be adjusted according to the model of operational amplifier, in the present embodiment Vcc=3.3V corresponding to operational amplifier.Voltage transformer (VT) T2 is below 10V by the 220V voltage step-down of civil power, has guaranteed can not burn collecting device.Zero passage detection also can directly be exported fire 0 two point voltage waveforms to voltage output end Uout by software and read aftertreatment and obtain.
In the present embodiment, fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device is selected the data collecting card of American National instrument company (NI), coordinates the data acquisition interface program based on LabVIEW exploitation.This data collecting card can be set the parameters such as input channel, sampling rate, storing path, can show the waveform of sampling by virtual oscilloscope simultaneously.LabVIEW is installed on PC end, the data that gather gained can be saved as to special-purpose TDM or TDMS form, the present embodiment is used converse routine to read TDM or TDMS file and saves as and is applicable to the form that embedded system reads, and the length of each sampling number certificate is 16 floating numbers.The amplitude of sample must first be passed through normalized, between arrive-1A ~ 1A of amplitude normalization, then deposits data file in.Due to what obtain, be the signal in continuous a plurality of cycles, converse routine can be according to the zero crossing of voltage signal, current waveform is intercepted with the cycle, and each cycle is as a sample.This program is determined the initial sum terminating point of voltage cycle by the zero crossing of detectable voltage signals Uout.The signals collecting that ingredient (1) is exported is also stored on computer.
As shown in Figure 6, the central authorities of the present embodiment process and control module is used LCD control panel that a LCD touch screen forms as instruction input and display device (can certainly adopt display to add keyboard), by LCD control panel to central control module transformation parameter.It is the data handling system that core forms that numeral synthesis unit is selected 32 embedded type CPU chips of a STM32, and the storer that fault electric arc sample storage and shielding load sample storage can be peripheral in system forms; When user is after control panel sets signal parameter, CPU chooses at random a series of samples (sample is the sampled data of one-period) from selected fault electric arc sample pool, and carry out linear superposition with selected shielding load signal, then by DAC, change and power amplification after, be loaded on the circuit of output, form current signal and produce synchronous voltage signal.In this specific embodiment, fault electric arc sample pool comprises: the fault electric arc of the series connection fault electric arc of resistive load, the fault electric arc of tandem motor, the air compressor of connecting is, the fault electric arc of series connection electromagnetic oven etc.; Shielding load sample comprises: resistance wire, fluorescent light, convertible frequency air-conditioner, micro-wave oven, electromagnetic oven, electric drill, suction cleaner, refrigerator etc., arrange respectively corresponding sample storage.From the signal inputted fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device, again after denoising, segmentation, screening, re-quantization, format conversion etc. are processed, data be take to each cycle as sample unit, download in corresponding fault electric arc sample pool.
Numeral synthesis unit carries out fault electric arc simulation, specific as follows: the normalized signal of establishing fault electric arc electric current is always total
nclass, this is not
ia i (
i=1,2,3
n), enlargement factor
aa i , the normallized current in shielding load altogether
mclass, is respectively
im j(
j=1,2,3
m), enlargement factor
am j , output current is:
According to characteristic and the parameter of the desired fault electric arc of instruction of inputting, the signal amplification factor of these kinds in above-mentioned formula (2) is adjusted to respective value, and the enlargement factor of not selected signal is set to zero from instruction input and display device.After calculating the numerical value of each sampling, by digital analog converter (DAC), digital signal is converted to simulating signal, is about to discrete signal and is converted to continuous signal, be then input in power amplifier, numeral composition algorithm is realized by internal processes, and program flow chart is referring to Fig. 7.The effect of power amplifier is that the size of current of signal is amplified by a certain percentage, and enlargement factor is determined by central control circuit.
Program control power amplification circuit in program control power amplification unit is comprised of two parts, i.e. programmable amplifying circuit and power amplification circuit.In Fig. 4, DAC1 and DAC2 are digital to analog converter.DAC1 exports program-controlled voltage, DAC2 outputting analog signal voltage.Programmable amplifying circuit is comprised of two-stage AD603, as shown in Figure 8.DAC1 in Fig. 8 is connected respectively two AD603 with DAC2, and final output voltage is connected to one with the power amplification circuit of output transformer.
Use the simulation generator of this fault electric arc signal, by adjusting different parameter options, can simulate the signal that produces of combination of these arcing devices and shielding load, thereby greatly simplify Sample producing process in experiment, improved Efficiency.
Technical scheme in the present invention is not only applicable to the simulation of fault electric arc marking current voltage, and the simulation that also can be extended to other types current and voltage signals simultaneously occurs.
Claims (4)
1. a fault electric arc signal imitation generating means, is characterized in that comprising following ingredient:
Fault electric arc signal pickup assembly, described fault electric arc signal pickup assembly comprises that current collection circuit and voltage collection circuit form, described current collection circuit comprises current transformer, low-pass filter and amplifying circuit; Described voltage collection circuit comprises for gathering the voltage signal at arc generating device two ends and the voltage transformer (VT) of civil power synchronizing signal;
Fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device, for the fault electric arc signal of coming from the collection of fault electric arc signal pickup assembly is carried out to digitized processing, and processes and control module exporting central authorities to through digitized processing fault electric arc signal later;
Central authorities process and control module, comprise instruction input and display device, fault electric arc sample storage, shielding load sample storage, digital synthesis unit and digital to analog converter for man-machine exchange, described fault electric arc sample storage is used for storing the fault electric arc signal of inputting from fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device and shields current signal load with shielding load sample storage, described digital synthesis unit completes the computing to current analog signal according to the instruction of instruction input and display device input, and arithmetic expression is as follows:
Wherein
ia i for being stored in fault electric arc sample storage
nclass fault electric arc current signal,
aa i for corresponding enlargement factor (
i=1,2,3
n);
im jfor being stored in shielding load sample storage
mcurrent signal in type shielding load,
am j for corresponding enlargement factor, (
j=1,2,3
m); Described digital to analog converter will carry out digital-to-analog conversion from current analog signal and the program control signal of digital synthesis unit input, and exports the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal to program control power amplification unit;
Program control power amplification unit, described program control power amplification unit carries out exporting after power amplification to the current analog signal after digital-to-analog conversion and program control signal.
2. fault electric arc signal imitation generating means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fault electric arc sample storage at least comprises a kind of in series fault arc storer, parallel arc fault storer and earth fault electric arc storer; Described shielding load sample storage at least comprises a kind of in resistance wire shielding load sample storage, fluorescent light shielding load sample storage, convertible frequency air-conditioner shielding load sample storage, micro-wave oven shielding load sample storage, electromagnetic oven shielding load sample storage, electric drill shielding load sample storage, suction cleaner shielding load sample storage and refrigerator shielding load sample storage.
3. fault electric arc signal imitation generating means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fault electric arc signal digital gasifying device is selected the data collecting card of American National instrument company.
4. fault electric arc signal imitation generating means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described digital synthesis unit is that the data handling system that core forms forms by 32 embedded type CPU chips of a STM32.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107247218A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-10-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of distribution line fault type recognition method |
| CN108152774A (en) * | 2018-02-25 | 2018-06-12 | 公安部沈阳消防研究所 | The field test equipment and its control method of a kind of fault electric arc detector |
| CN109738771A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-10 | 长春工程学院 | Tandem type fault electric arc test platform and its test method based on deep learning |
| CN113391177A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-14 | 河北工业大学 | Arc current waveform signal reduction method and system |
| CN117554742A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-13 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling |
| CN117554742B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-05-31 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107247218A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-10-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of distribution line fault type recognition method |
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| CN108152774B (en) * | 2018-02-25 | 2023-12-26 | 应急管理部沈阳消防研究所 | On-site inspection equipment of fault arc detector and control method thereof |
| CN109738771A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-10 | 长春工程学院 | Tandem type fault electric arc test platform and its test method based on deep learning |
| CN109738771B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2023-10-13 | 长春工程学院 | Series fault arc test platform based on deep learning and test method thereof |
| CN113391177A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-14 | 河北工业大学 | Arc current waveform signal reduction method and system |
| CN117554742A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-13 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling |
| CN117554742B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-05-31 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling |
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