CN103595236B - Photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, device and solar power system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, device and solar power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103595236B CN103595236B CN201310598063.7A CN201310598063A CN103595236B CN 103595236 B CN103595236 B CN 103595236B CN 201310598063 A CN201310598063 A CN 201310598063A CN 103595236 B CN103595236 B CN 103595236B
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, device and solar power system, the method comprises: the open circuit voltage detecting photovoltaic cell; If the open circuit voltage detected higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then detects current ambient temperature; Relation environmentally between temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, be then communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage at the output of photovoltaic cell, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell does not start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter higher than during maximum starting resistor.The present invention, by when causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage too high because of variations in temperature, initiatively reduces the value of open circuit voltage, ensures the work of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal boot-strap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy generation technology field, particularly relate to a kind of photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, device and solar power system.
Background technology
Day by day serious along with world energy sources shortage and problem of environmental pollution, the energy and environment become the great basic problem that the 21st century mankind face, the development of clean regenerative resource and apply the extensive concern being more and more subject to countries in the world.Solar energy, as a kind of clean, safe, green regenerative resource, becomes one of main alternative energy source with highly polluted property fossil energy just gradually.In recent decades, solar photovoltaic technology obtains unprecedented development, and wherein parallel network power generation technology has become one of major way utilizing solar energy source now.Carry out the research of solar photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting inversion system, for the alleviation energy and environmental problem, study high-performance distributed electricity generation system, open up the advanced technology of wide photovoltaic generation market and grasp association area, there is great theory and realistic meaning.
The start of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter controls mainly based on the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, when the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is between the minimum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and maximum cut-in voltage, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts normal work, the direct current that photovoltaic cell exports is converted to alternating current and exports to AC load, when the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is less than the minimum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter or is greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is in holding state, stops output AC electricity.
But; open circuit voltage due to photovoltaic cell can be subject to the impact of temperature and irradiance; for the completely normal solar power system of function; under low temperature high irradiance condition; the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell still has may higher than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; cause photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter cannot open because of overvoltage protection, affect energy output, and then the loss in income can be brought to user.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention technical problem to be solved is, the defect cannot opened for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter possibility Yin Wendu reason in prior art, a kind of photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, device and solar power system are provided, can when causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage too high because of variations in temperature, reduce the value of open circuit voltage, ensure the work of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normal boot-strap.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments provide a kind of photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, comprising:
Detect the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when being in open-circuit condition;
If the open circuit voltage detected higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then detects current ambient temperature;
Relation environmentally between temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
If detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage at the output of described photovoltaic cell, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is higher than starting described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during described maximum starting resistor, the direct current that DC side inputs by described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out being converted to alternating current and exports.
Wherein, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises with the step reducing output end voltage:
Open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
Wherein, the relation between described environmentally temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
Pre-set the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
Whether belong to the normal domain of walker corresponding to detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, the relation between described environmentally temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
The temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set;
On described curve, corresponding normal open circuit voltage is searched according to detected ambient temperature;
Whether meet described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises with the step reducing output end voltage:
When detected ambient temperature is lower than first threshold, open the heater and the fan that are connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage;
When detected ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device, comprising:
Voltage detection module, for detecting the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when being in open-circuit condition;
Temperature sense module, for when the maximum starting resistor of the open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects higher than photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, detects current ambient temperature;
Start judge module, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter for the relation environmentally between temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage;
Voltage reduction module, for when described startup judge module judges that the open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, at least one load is communicated with to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor at the output of described photovoltaic cell;
Inverter control module, for when the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than starting described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during described maximum starting resistor, the direct current that DC side is inputted by described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out being converted to alternating current and exports.
Wherein, described startup judge module comprises:
First arranges module, for pre-setting the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
First judge module, for whether belonging to the normal domain of walker corresponding to detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, described startup judge module comprises:
Second arranges module, the temperature variant curve of the open circuit voltage for pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and arranges permissible error scope;
Search module, for searching corresponding normal open circuit voltage on described curve according to detected ambient temperature;
Second judge module, for whether meeting described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Wherein, described voltage reduction module comprises:
3rd judge module, for judging that whether ambient temperature that described temperature sense module detects is lower than first threshold;
Load opening module, for when described 3rd judge module judges ambient temperature lower than first threshold, opens the heater and the fan that are connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage; Also for when described 3rd judge module judges that ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of solar power system, comprise photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the output of described photovoltaic cell is connected with the DC side of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, described solar power system also comprises at least one load of the output being connected to photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device described in above any one, and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device is electrically connected with described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: when being greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage at low temperature, load is communicated with at the output of photovoltaic cell, because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell is very soft, as long as add a bit little load, output end voltage will decline more; Compared to only by detecting photovoltaic cell output end voltage whether within the scope of start and then the method for passive start, the embodiment of the present invention has done step-down process initiatively, be conducive to the possibility that reduction photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under extreme conditions cannot be started shooting, improve the generating efficiency of solar power system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that first embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that second embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that third embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that fourth embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the solar power system that fifth embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device that sixth embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 7 is an example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is another example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Photovoltaic cell is the device directly light energy conversion being become electric energy by photoelectric effect or Photochemical effects.Solar irradiation, on semiconductor p-n junctions, forms new hole--duplet.Under the effect of p-n junction electric field, hole flows to p district by n district, and electronics flows to n district by p district, just forms electric current after connecting circuit.What photovoltaic cell exported is direct voltage, because day electronic product adopts AC-powered usually, therefore, in solar power system, often needs to use photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that direct current is converted to alternating current.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter often has a minimum cut-in voltage and a maximum cut-in voltage, and these two magnitudes of voltage record often under a certain specified temp and irradiance condition.In solar power system, usually there will be the situation of the open circuit voltage excessive (being namely greater than maximum cut-in voltage) of photovoltaic cell, cause the reason of this situation to comprise the lower and components and parts fault of temperature.Existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can not normally be opened when the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is excessive, can only be in holding state.
But if the components and parts of solar power system are all completely normal, only cannot open photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter because of temperature reason, this can reduce the operating efficiency of electricity generation system undoubtedly.Therefore, in this application, in order to evade this problem, have employed some active measures.
Refer to Fig. 1, be the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that first embodiment of the invention provides, the method comprises:
S101, detect the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when being in open-circuit condition.Particularly, the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell refers to the output end voltage in photovoltaic cell zero load (open circuit) situation, and common voltage check device (the such as digital multimeter etc.) open circuit voltage to photovoltaic cell can be utilized to measure.
S102, judge the open circuit voltage that detects whether higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S102 is yes, the open circuit voltage namely detected higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then represents that the output voltage of photovoltaic cell is too high, normally can not start inverter, therefore performs step S103.S103, detect current ambient temperature.Such as, current ambient temperature can be detected by temperature sensor.
Relation between S104, environmentally temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Particularly, can in advance rule of thumb and determined the value of the photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions by test of many times.Preferably, the open circuit voltage due to photovoltaic cell is also subject to the impact of irradiance, preferably in advance rule of thumb and determined the span of the photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions by test of many times.More preferably, although the exact value of irradiance cannot be recorded, but can according to weather, sunshine duration, irradiance to be divided into that several are interval by residing period etc., determines in each interval respectively, the span of photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under condition of different temperatures.If detected open circuit voltage meets predetermined value or span, then represent that detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If detected open circuit voltage does not meet predetermined value or span, then represent that detected open circuit voltage does not meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S104 is yes, namely detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then represent the too high open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell due to temperature too low and cause, next perform step S105.S105, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage at the output of described photovoltaic cell, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor.The output of photovoltaic cell is connected with the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, if the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side is excessive, may burn photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell is very soft, as long as add a bit little load, output end voltage will decline more.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, taking the initiative increases loaded mode at the output of photovoltaic cell, to reduce the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, ready for normally opening photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Following execution step S106.
S106, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.The direct current that its DC side inputs can be changed after starting by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, at its AC output AC electricity for user.
If the judged result of step S104 is no, namely detected open circuit voltage does not meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then the open circuit voltage that expression photovoltaic cell is too high causes due to fault, normally can not start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, to avoid danger.Therefore, this method flow process terminates.
If the judged result of step S102 is no, the open circuit voltage namely detected higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, next directly can not perform step S106.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detected is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that judges to detect whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detected is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent current light insufficient strength, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and normally works, and can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detected is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then represents that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, normally can start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
The photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that the embodiment of the present invention provides, when being greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage at low temperature, load is communicated with at the output of photovoltaic cell, because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell is very soft, as long as add a bit little load, output end voltage will decline more; Compared to only by detecting photovoltaic cell output end voltage whether within the scope of start and then the method for passive start, the embodiment of the present invention has done step-down process initiatively, be conducive to the possibility that reduction photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under extreme conditions cannot be started shooting, improve the generating efficiency of solar power system.
Refer to Fig. 2, be the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that second embodiment of the invention provides, the method comprises:
S201, pre-set the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures.Particularly, can when determining solar power system without fault, measure the open circuit voltage obtaining photovoltaic cell at various temperature in advance, by the repetitive measurement under different irradiance condition, the normal domain of walker of photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions can be determined.That is, as long as in the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell normal domain of walker at the corresponding temperature, just can think and circuit fault-free meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
The open circuit voltage of S202, detection photovoltaic cell.
S203, judge the open circuit voltage that detects whether higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S203 is yes, then perform step S204.S204, detect current ambient temperature.
S205, whether to belong to normal domain of walker corresponding to detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S205 is yes, then perform step S206.S206, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage at the output of described photovoltaic cell, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor.Following execution step S207.
S207, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S205 is no, then this method flow process terminates.
If the judged result of step S203 is no, then directly perform step S207.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detected is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that judges to detect whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detected is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent current light insufficient strength, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and normally works, and can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detected is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then represents that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, normally can start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
In the present embodiment, the Rule of judgment of the open circuit voltage pre-set is made up of discrete point, requires that temperature measurement accuracy is higher.In addition, owing to needing to determine the normal domain of walker of open circuit voltage under each temperature value, measuring process must be caused loaded down with trivial details.When although profit judges in this way, accuracy rate is higher, can increase the weight of the work load of designer undoubtedly, increases manpower and materials cost.
Refer to Fig. 3, be the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that third embodiment of the invention provides, the method comprises:
The temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of S301, pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set.Particularly, can when determining solar power system without fault, measure the open circuit voltage obtained when (when namely photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter normally starts modal irradiance) photovoltaic cell under normal irradiance condition is in different temperatures in advance, according to the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of measurement result drafting photovoltaic cell; Then rule of thumb and/or test of many times obtain permissible error scope.That is, as long as the error in measured photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage and curve under relevant temperature between normal open circuit voltage is within the scope of permissible error, just can thinks and circuit fault-free meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can also under most high irradiance condition (when namely the rising of irradiance to photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage causes maximum effect, such as, during fine day high noon) measure open circuit voltage when photovoltaic cell is in different temperatures, thus draw the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell.
The open circuit voltage of S302, detection photovoltaic cell.
S303, judge the open circuit voltage that detects whether higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S303 is yes, then perform step S304.S304, detect current ambient temperature.
S305, on described curve, search corresponding normal open circuit voltage according to detected ambient temperature.
S306, whether meet described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S306 is yes, then perform step S307.S307, be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage at the output of described photovoltaic cell, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor.Following execution step S308.
S308, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S306 is no, then this method flow process terminates.
If the judged result of step S303 is no, then directly perform step S308.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detected is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that judges to detect whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detected is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent current light insufficient strength, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and normally works, and can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detected is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then represents that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, normally can start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
In step S105, S206, S307, the load be communicated with at the output (i.e. the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter) of photovoltaic cell can be the electronic equipment originally just had in solar power system, such as fan, heater etc.So not only can simplify circuit structure, and, owing to no longer introducing extra electronic component, can also reduce costs, improve the competitiveness of product in market.But, it should be noted that, in existing solar power system, fan, heater etc. are generally the ACs being connected to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, by AC-powered; And in embodiments of the present invention, circulate in the load preferably DC load (such as DC fan, DC heater etc.) of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side, if still use AC load, then must be communicated with a current transfer device at the output of photovoltaic cell, direct current is converted to alternating current and power in the AC load of this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter DC side to circulation.
Preferably, fan is connected to the output of photovoltaic cell, in step S105, S206, S307, only need opens fan.Because solar power system is in the process utilizing solar power generation, various electronic equipment running can produce a large amount of heats, in order to avoid high temperature burns out electronic equipment, increase the service life, often need namely to open fan after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts normal operation to dispel the heat, in this scenario, be only to open the step of fan in advance, not cause the waste of energy.
Preferably, sometimes photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage is too high, and a unlatching fan may be not enough to by voltage drop to desirable value, therefore heater also can also be connected to the output of photovoltaic cell, also need heater in step S105, S206, S307.Because solar power plant is arranged in arduous wild environment usually, under the condition that the weather is cold and the ground is frozen, heater must being started to improve ambient temperature, avoiding electronic equipment to break down because freezing.Heater is also often just opened after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts normal operation, in this scenario, by the step of heater in advance, does not cause the waste of energy.But heater could can only be opened when temperature is low to moderate certain condition, if heater when temperature is higher, also can cause electronic failure, affect useful life.
Refer to Fig. 4, be the flow chart of the photovoltaic inverter starting-up control that fourth embodiment of the invention provides, the method comprises:
The open circuit voltage of S401, detection photovoltaic cell.
S402, judge the open circuit voltage that detects whether higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S402 is yes, then perform step S403.S403, detect current ambient temperature.
Relation between S404, environmentally temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S404 is yes, then perform step S405.S405, judge detected by ambient temperature whether lower than first threshold, usual first threshold is lower than zero degrees celsius.
If the judged result of step S405 is yes, then perform step S406.S406, open and be connected to the heater of the output of described photovoltaic cell and fan to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Following execution step S408.
If the judged result of step S405 is no, then perform step S407.S407, only unlatching are connected to the fan of the output of described photovoltaic cell to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Following execution step S408.
S408, start described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
If the judged result of step S404 is no, then this method flow process terminates.
If the judged result of step S402 is no, then directly perform step S408.Particularly, under normal conditions, if the open circuit voltage detected is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also need the open circuit voltage that judges to detect whether lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, if the open circuit voltage detected is lower than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, represent current light insufficient strength, the power output of photovoltaic cell is not enough to maintain photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and normally works, and can't start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; If the open circuit voltage detected is not less than the minimum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then represents that the output of photovoltaic cell is normal, normally can start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
The load that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in S105, S206, S307 can also be the common electronic component such as resistance being connected to photovoltaic cell output, can be preferably that multiple resistance is parallel with one another.These resistance can be adjustable resistances, also can be fixed value resistances; If fixed value resistance, then each resistance also needs a switch in parallel.Certainly, extra electronic component can be increased like this, raise the cost, and waste energy.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the solar power system that fifth embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in Figure 5, at least one (illustrate only three in figure) load 3 parallel with one another is connected with at the output of photovoltaic cell 1.As mentioned above, load 3 can be the original fan of system, heater, also can be the electronic components such as the extra resistance increased.Fan and heater all can be controlled to open and close by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter control device 4; The adjustable side of adjustable resistance also can by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 regulating and controlling; Fixed value resistance needs to connect with switch, and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 carrys out the connected state of controlling resistance by control switch.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 is also electrically connected with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, to control the operating state of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
Refer to Fig. 6, be the structural representation of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device 4 that sixth embodiment of the invention provides, this device 4 comprises:
Voltage detection module 41, for detecting the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell 1 photovoltaic cell 1 when being in open-circuit condition.Particularly, the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 refers to the output end voltage in photovoltaic cell 1 zero load (open circuit) situation, and voltage detection module 41 can be common voltage check device, such as digital multimeter etc.
Temperature sense module 42, for when the maximum starting resistor of the open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects higher than photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, detects current ambient temperature.Such as, temperature sense module 42 can be temperature sensor.
Start judge module 43, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 for the relation environmentally between temperature and photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage.Particularly, starting judge module 43 can in advance rule of thumb and determined the value of photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions by test of many times.Preferably, the open circuit voltage due to photovoltaic cell 1 is also subject to the impact of irradiance, preferably in advance rule of thumb and determined the span of photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions by test of many times.More preferably, although the exact value of irradiance cannot be recorded, but can according to weather, sunshine duration, irradiance to be divided into that several are interval by residing period etc., determines in each interval respectively, the span of photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage under condition of different temperatures.If detected open circuit voltage meets predetermined value or span, then represent that detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2; If detected open circuit voltage does not meet predetermined value or span, then represent that detected open circuit voltage does not meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
Voltage reduction module 44, during for judging that the open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 when described startup judge module, at least one load is communicated with to reduce output end voltage 3, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 is not higher than described maximum starting resistor at the output of described photovoltaic cell 1.The output of photovoltaic cell 1 is connected with the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, and the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 is the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 DC side, if the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 DC side is excessive, may burn photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.Because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell 1 is very soft, as long as add a bit little load 3, output end voltage will decline more.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, take the initiative and increase the mode of load 3 at the output of photovoltaic cell 1, to reduce the input voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 DC side, ready for normally opening photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
Inverter control module 45, for when the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is higher than starting described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during described maximum starting resistor.The direct current that its DC side inputs can be changed after starting by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, at its AC output AC electricity for user.
The photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, when being greater than the maximum cut-in voltage of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter by causing photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage at low temperature, load 3 is communicated with at the output of photovoltaic cell 1, because the characteristic of photovoltaic cell 1 is very soft, as long as add a bit little load 3, output end voltage will decline more; Compared to only by detecting photovoltaic cell 1 output end voltage whether within the scope of start and then the method for passive start, the embodiment of the present invention has done step-down process initiatively, be conducive to the possibility that reduction photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 under extreme conditions cannot be started shooting, improve the generating efficiency of solar power system.
Referring to Fig. 7, is an example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module 43 provided by the invention, starts judge module 43 and comprises:
First arranges module 431, for pre-setting the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 under different temperatures.Particularly, can when determining solar power system without fault, the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 at the various temperature of measurement acquisition in advance, by the repetitive measurement under different irradiance condition, the normal domain of walker of photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage under various temperature conditions can be determined.That is, as long as in the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 normal domain of walker at the corresponding temperature, just can think and circuit fault-free meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
First judge module 432, for whether belonging to the normal domain of walker corresponding to detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
In the present embodiment, the Rule of judgment of the open circuit voltage pre-set is made up of discrete point, requires that temperature measurement accuracy is higher.In addition, owing to needing to determine the normal domain of walker of open circuit voltage under each temperature value, measuring process must be caused loaded down with trivial details.When although profit judges in this way, accuracy rate is higher, can increase the weight of the work load of designer undoubtedly, increases manpower and materials cost.
Referring to Fig. 8, is another example arrangement schematic diagram of startup judge module 43 provided by the invention, starts judge module 43 and comprises:
Second arranges module 433, for the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell 1, and arranges permissible error scope.Particularly, can when determining solar power system without fault, measure the open circuit voltage obtained when (when namely photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 normally starts modal irradiance) photovoltaic cell 1 under normal irradiance condition is in different temperatures in advance, according to the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of measurement result drafting photovoltaic cell 1; Then rule of thumb and/or test of many times obtain permissible error scope.That is, as long as the error in measured photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage and curve under relevant temperature between normal open circuit voltage is within the scope of permissible error, just can thinks and circuit fault-free meet the entry condition of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can also under most high irradiance condition (when namely the rising of irradiance to photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage causes maximum effect, such as, during fine day high noon) measure open circuit voltage when photovoltaic cell 1 is in different temperatures, thus draw the temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1.
Search module 434, the ambient temperature for detecting according to described temperature sense module 42 searches corresponding normal open circuit voltage on described curve.
Second judge module 435, whether meet described permissible error scope for the error between the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 that detects according to voltage detection module 41 and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2.
Voltage reduction module 44 can be the electronic equipment originally just had in solar power system in the load 3 that the output (i.e. the DC side of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2) of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 battery is communicated with, such as fan, heater etc.So not only can simplify circuit structure, and, owing to no longer introducing extra electronic component, can also reduce costs, improve the competitiveness of product in market.But, it should be noted that, in existing solar power system, fan, heater etc. are generally the ACs being connected to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2, by AC-powered; And in embodiments of the present invention, circulate in the load 3 preferably DC load (such as DC fan, DC heater etc.) of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 DC side, if still use AC load, then must be communicated with a current transfer device at the output of photovoltaic cell 1, direct current is converted to alternating current and power in the AC load of this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 DC side to circulation.
Preferably, fan is connected to the output of photovoltaic cell 1, voltage reduction module 44 need open fan.Because solar power system is in the process utilizing solar power generation, various electronic equipment running can produce a large amount of heats, in order to avoid high temperature burns out electronic equipment, increase the service life, often need namely to open fan after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 starts normal operation to dispel the heat, in this scenario, be only to open the step of fan in advance, not cause the waste of energy.
Preferably, sometimes photovoltaic cell 1 open circuit voltage is too high, and a unlatching fan may be not enough to by voltage drop to desirable value, and therefore heater also can also be connected to the output of photovoltaic cell 1, voltage reduction module 44 also needs heater.Because solar power plant is arranged in arduous wild environment usually, under the condition that the weather is cold and the ground is frozen, heater must being started to improve ambient temperature, avoiding electronic equipment to break down because freezing.Heater is also often just opened after photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 2 starts normal operation, in this scenario, by the step of heater in advance, does not cause the waste of energy.But heater could can only be opened when temperature is low to moderate certain condition, if heater when temperature is higher, also can cause electronic failure, affect useful life.
Therefore, preferably, voltage reduction module 44 can comprise: the 3rd judge module, and for judging that whether ambient temperature that described temperature sense module 42 detects is lower than first threshold, usual first threshold is lower than zero degrees celsius; Load opening module, for when described 3rd judge module judges ambient temperature lower than first threshold, open the heater and the fan that are connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell 1, to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; Load opening module is also for when described 3rd judge module judges that ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell 1, to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell 1 is not higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realized in above-described embodiment method, that the hardware that can carry out instruction relevant by computer program has come, described program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, this program, when performing, can comprise the flow process of the embodiment as above-mentioned each side method.Wherein, described storage medium can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only store-memory body (Read-OnlyMemory, ROM) or random store-memory body (RandomAccessMemory, RAM) etc.
Above disclosedly be only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly the interest field of the present invention can not be limited with this, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realizing above-described embodiment, and according to the equivalent variations that the claims in the present invention are done, still belong to the scope that invention is contained.
Claims (10)
1. a photovoltaic inverter starting-up control, is characterized in that, comprising:
Detect the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when being in open-circuit condition;
If the open circuit voltage detected higher than the maximum starting resistor of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then detects current ambient temperature;
Relation environmentally between temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
If detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, then be communicated with at least one load to reduce output end voltage at the output of described photovoltaic cell, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is higher than starting described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during described maximum starting resistor, the direct current that DC side inputs by described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out being converted to alternating current and exports.
2. photovoltaic inverter starting-up control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises with the step reducing output end voltage:
Open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
3. photovoltaic inverter starting-up control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the relation between described environmentally temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
Pre-set the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
Whether belong to the normal domain of walker corresponding to detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
4. photovoltaic inverter starting-up control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the relation between described environmentally temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage determines that the step whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises:
The temperature variant curve of open circuit voltage of pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and permissible error scope is set;
On described curve, corresponding normal open circuit voltage is searched according to detected ambient temperature;
Whether meet described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
5. photovoltaic inverter starting-up control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described output at described photovoltaic cell is communicated with at least one load and comprises with the step reducing output end voltage:
When detected ambient temperature is lower than first threshold, open the heater and the fan that are connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage;
When detected ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
6. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Voltage detection module, for detecting the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell, described open circuit voltage is the output end voltage of described photovoltaic cell photovoltaic cell when being in open-circuit condition;
Temperature sense module, for when the maximum starting resistor of the open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects higher than photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, detects current ambient temperature;
Start judge module, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter for the relation environmentally between temperature and photovoltaic cell open circuit voltage;
Voltage reduction module, for when described startup judge module judges that the open circuit voltage that described voltage detection module detects meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, at least one load is communicated with to reduce output end voltage, until the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than described maximum starting resistor at the output of described photovoltaic cell;
Inverter control module, for when the output end voltage of photovoltaic cell is not higher than starting described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter during described maximum starting resistor, the direct current that DC side is inputted by described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter carries out being converted to alternating current and exports.
7. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described startup judge module comprises:
First arranges module, for pre-setting the normal domain of walker of the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell under different temperatures;
First judge module, for whether belonging to the normal domain of walker corresponding to detected ambient temperature according to detected open circuit voltage, determines whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
8. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described startup judge module comprises:
Second arranges module, the temperature variant curve of the open circuit voltage for pre-rendered photovoltaic cell, and arranges permissible error scope;
Search module, for searching corresponding normal open circuit voltage on described curve according to detected ambient temperature;
Second judge module, for whether meeting described permissible error scope according to the error between the open circuit voltage of detected photovoltaic cell and described normal open circuit voltage, determine whether detected open circuit voltage meets the entry condition of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
9. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described voltage reduction module comprises:
3rd judge module, for judging that whether ambient temperature that described temperature sense module detects is lower than first threshold;
Load opening module, for when described 3rd judge module judges ambient temperature lower than first threshold, opens the heater and the fan that are connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage; Also for when described 3rd judge module judges that ambient temperature is not less than described first threshold, only open the fan being connected to the output of described photovoltaic cell, to reduce output end voltage.
10. a solar power system, comprise photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, the output of described photovoltaic cell is connected with the DC side of described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, it is characterized in that, described solar power system also comprises at least one load of the output being connected to photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device according to any one of claim 6-9, and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter start-up control device is electrically connected with described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
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| CN104201982B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2017-06-13 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic system and its control method |
| CN106099976A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 上能电气股份有限公司 | A kind of eliminate photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter take place frequently start control system and method |
| CN117081358A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-17 | 江苏悟飞能源科技有限公司 | Single-phase cascading photovoltaic inverter and processing technology thereof |
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