CN103236800A - Novel topological structure voltage source type inverter and adjusting method - Google Patents
Novel topological structure voltage source type inverter and adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel topological structure voltage source type inverter and an adjusting method. The structure is a star-like topological structure and is formed by connecting a three-phase bridge type inverter in series at a neutral point of cascaded inverters connected in a star shape. Compared with the conventional cascaded inverters connected in the star shape, the novel topological structure theoretically has a function of completely compensating negative sequence current; and compared with the conventional three-phase bridge type inverter, the novel topological structure can realize extended application under high voltage level without using a device cascade or MMC (Multilevel Converter) structure. In the novel topological structure, a direct current side of the three-phase bridge type inverter can be connected with a direct current network, energy storage equipment or a power grid through a current transformer; the inverter can be widely applied to the fields of flexible direct current power transmission, new energy connection, high voltage frequency converter and the like; and the application prospect of the voltage source type inverter in the corresponding field is expanded. The novel topological structure has good generalization performance based on mature unit cascade and three-phase inverter structure and control technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of voltage source inverter and control method, especially relate to a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter and control method.
Background technology
Along with power system development, power quality problem more and more causes people's attention.Based on the voltage source inverter of full-control type device, with its response speed and superior compensation performance fast, more and more used in fields such as power system reactive power compensation, electric machine speed regulation, direct current transportation.
The main topological structure of voltage source inverter has following two kinds at present:
First kind is the three-phase bridge structure.The three-phase bridge structure can realize functions such as positive sequence reactive power compensation, negative-sequence current compensation, harmonic compensation and meritorious adjusting easily, but is subject to topological structure and device parameters, and it is used and also has significant limitation.The most basic three-phase bridge structure is the three-phase half-bridge structure, and it has structure and control is simple, designs advantages such as easy, but the harmonic content of output is higher relatively, and is subjected to the restriction of device voltage withstand class, is used for the occasion of low-pressure reactive compensation more.In order further to widen the range of application of three-phase bridge structure, technology such as the many level of diode clamp, the many level of striding capacitance, device series connection, MMC have successively appearred.Wherein, the many level of diode clamp, the many level of striding capacitance are owing to the topological structure complexity, and level number and practical electric pressure have certain restriction; Device series connection and MMC technology have solved the problem that inverter under high pressure moves well, and wherein the MMC technology also can realize the function of many level simultaneously, but both control is complicated, only is applied in the minority engineering.
Second kind is the cascade connection type structure.The cascade connection type structure is based on the cascaded structure of single-phase full bridge module, on the basis that does not increase the individual unit design level, has realized inverter application under high pressure.This structure proposes in electrical converter, has become the main flow topological structure of mesohigh STATCOM, electrical converter at present.The cascade connection type structure can be divided into the cascaded inverter of triangle connection and Y-connection again according to different connected modes.Both do not have difference substantially on the idle compensation effect of positive sequence; Aspect the negative-sequence current compensation, the triangle syndeton in theory can the full remuneration unsymmetrical current, and the Y-connection structure can only guarantee the uneven stable operation of self down, can't accomplish to compensate completely; Aspect harmonic compensation, the inverter of Y-connection is simpler in control.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter is characterized in that, comprises based on the inverter of single-phase bridge cascade structure and based on the inverter of three-phase bridge structure; Described inverter based on the single-phase bridge cascade structure is three-phase, and the three-phase cascaded inverter inserts three-phase bridge structure inverter simultaneously and connects into star structure at the neutral point place; Or three-phase bridge structure inverter is positioned at the neutral point of three-phase cascaded inverter.
In above-mentioned a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter, each constitutes the inverter of cascade structure by N H bridge is unit cascaded, and its DC side can only connect electric capacity or connect DC network or by current transformer incoming transport network.
In above-mentioned a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter, the inverter of described three-phase bridge structure adopts three-phase half-bridge structure formula inverter or three phase full bridge structural formula inverter or many level of diode clamp structural formula inverter or many level of striding capacitance structural formula inverter or device cascaded structure formula inverter or many level of module combinations structural formula inverter.
In above-mentioned a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter, the DC side of the inverter of described three-phase bridge structure can only connect electric capacity or connect DC network or pass through current transformer incoming transport network.
The present invention is in conjunction with two kinds of inverters of cascade connection type of three-phase bridge and Y-connection, a kind of new voltage source inverter topological structure of creationary proposition, this structure had both had the wide characteristics of three-phase bridge compensation range, had the high advantage of cascaded inverter applied voltage grade again.Topological classification and the application prospect of voltage source inverter have been enriched in the proposition of this topological structure.
A kind of control method based on new topological structure voltage source inverter is characterized in that, comprises following control method:
Control method one: cascaded inverter and three-phase bridge inverter direct-flow side only connect dc capacitor, finish idle and full remuneration negative-sequence current, and concrete steps are:
Step 1: under the stable state, the inverter voltage drop that connects in the reactance of being incorporated into the power networks is used
Expression can be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
, the inverter output current is used
Expression can be decomposed into the positive sequence idle component
With negative sequence component
Wherein:
With access point place voltage
Phase place is identical, is used for the positive sequence reactive current of bucking-out system;
Be used for the negative-sequence current of bucking-out system; According to the reactor characteristic, the positive sequence voltage component
Leading forward-order current component
90 ° in phase place, the negative sequence voltage component
Leading negative-sequence current component
90 ° in phase place;
Step 2: for cascaded inverter, can stable operation for guaranteeing it, its output voltage
Must and output current
Become 90 ° phase relation, then be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
For three-phase bridge type converter, under stable state, its output voltage
With output current
Between phase relation adjustable, can be decomposed into positive sequence component equally
With negative sequence component
Step 3: in the realization of idle and negative sequence component, the main principle that need follow:
Therefore, can realize the reasonable distribution that bridge architecture and cascade structure contravarianter voltage are exported with the negative phase-sequence instruction current according to idle, thus the control device output current
, to reach idle and full remuneration negative sequence component.
Control method two: the cascaded inverter DC side only connects electric capacity, and three-phase bridge type converter is by current transformer incoming transport electrical network, and can realize meritorious and idle adjusting this moment, and concrete steps are:
Step 1: under the stable state, the inverter voltage drop that connects in the reactance of being incorporated into the power networks is used
Expression can be decomposed into real component
With idle component
Wherein:
With access point place voltage
Phase place is identical, is used for regulating idle output;
Be used for regulating meritorious output, output current is used
Expression can be decomposed into real component
With idle component
, according to the reactor characteristic, the voltage real component
The leading current real component
90 ° in phase place, the voltage power-less component
The leading current idle component
90 ° in phase place;
Step 2: for cascade structure, can stable operation for guaranteeing it, its output voltage
Must and output current
Become 90 ° phase relation, then be decomposed into real component
With idle component
For three-phase bridge type converter, under stable state, its output voltage
With output current
Between phase relation adjustable, can be decomposed into real component equally
With idle component
Step 3: in the realization of meritorious and idle component, the main principle that need follow:
Therefore, can realize the reasonable distribution that bridge architecture and cascade structure contravarianter voltage are exported with idle instruction current according to meritorious, thus the control device output current
, to reach the adjusting of meritorious and idle component.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: can realize the expanded application under the voltage levels 1.; 2. in the new topological structure, the three-phase bridge type converter DC side can insert DC network, energy storage device or insert electrical network by current transformer, can be widely used in fields such as flexible DC power transmission, new forms of energy access, high voltage converter, widen the application prospect of voltage source inverter in corresponding field.New topological structure has good generalization based on structure and the control technology of unit cascaded, the three-phase inverter of maturation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cascaded inverter structure chart of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 a is the three-phase bridge type converter structure chart (three-phase half-bridge structure formula inverter) of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 b is the three-phase bridge type converter structure chart (three phase full bridge structural formula inverter) of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 c is the three-phase bridge type converter structure chart (many level of diode clamp structural formula inverter) of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 d is the three-phase bridge type converter structure chart (many level of striding capacitance structural formula inverter) of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 e is the three-phase bridge type converter structure chart (device cascaded structure formula inverter) of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 f is the three-phase bridge type converter structure chart (many level of module combinations structural formula inverter) of patent of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of patent of the present invention when being applied to meritorious the adjusting.
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of patent of the present invention when being applied to the compensation of fundamental wave reactive power and negative-sequence current.
Fig. 6 is the fundamental diagram of patent of the present invention when being applied to meritorious and idle the adjusting.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
Below structure and the operation principle of patent of the present invention just are described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. the composition of new voltage source inverter topological structure.
Referring to Fig. 1, the voltage source inverter topology diagram for new is characterized in that: on the cascaded inverter basis of Y-connection, the neutral point place inserts three-phase bridge type converter.Whole device inserts electrical network by connecting reactance.For the ease of analysis afterwards, in each amount and reference directions thereof such as this device specifies electric current, line voltage, connection reactance voltage, device output voltages.This topological structure combines the advantage of cascade connection type structure and bridge architecture: when DC side only connects capacitor, possess the compensation ability of idle, harmonic wave and negative-sequence current, and can work under the electric pressure conditions of higher; When DC side inserts DC network or passes through current transformer incoming transport network, can realize the adjusting of active power.
2. the composition of cascaded inverter structure.
Referring to Fig. 2, be the cascaded inverter structure chart.Its each basic the H bridge is unit cascaded forms by N, and three-phase adopts star-like connected mode, outlet a, b, c respectively with the u of three-phase bridge type converter output
a, u
b, u
cThree-phase links to each other.By certain modulation technique, can make its output harmonic wave content less, the waveform that switching frequency is higher, but because the self structure restriction, it does not possess the ability of full remuneration negative-sequence current.
3. the composition of three-phase bridge type converter structure.
Referring to Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 f, be the various forms of structure charts of three-phase bridge type converter.Wherein comprise multiple versions such as three-phase half-bridge, three phase full bridge, the many level of diode clamp, the many level of striding capacitance, device series connection, MMC.Figure (3-a) is basic three-phase half-bridge inverter, is made up of three basic single-phase semi-bridge unit; Figure (3-b) is three-phase full-bridge inverter, is made up of three single-phase full bridge unit; Figure (3-c) is diode clamp type three-level inverter, mainly is to have increased diode clamping circuit in basic three-phase bridge structure, thereby has realized many level outputs; Figure (3-d) is the striding capacitance three-level inverter, mainly is to have increased capacitive branch at each brachium pontis, utilizes discharging and recharging of electric capacity can realize many level outputs; Figure (3-e) is device tandem type structure, and wherein each unit is composed in series by several switching devices respectively, can effectively improve the capacity of device output; Figure (3-f) is MMC type inverter, and its each elementary cell is the single-phase semi-bridge inversion device, can improve device electric pressure and output level number.The u of every kind of structure output
a, u
b, u
cThree-phase voltage links to each other with a, b, the c three-phase of cascade structure output respectively, thereby is built into new topological structure.
4. the composition when new voltage source inverter is applied to meritorious the adjusting.
Referring to Fig. 4, the composition when being applied to meritorious the adjusting for new voltage source inverter.The cascaded inverter DC side only connects electric capacity, and the three-phase bridge inverter is by current transformer incoming transport electrical network.Its characteristics are, can be according to the flexible combination of cascade connection type module and three-phase bridge module, realize interconnected between the AC network of different electric pressures.
5. the idle realization that compensates with negative-sequence current.
Referring to Fig. 5, the phasor diagram when being used for fundamental wave reactive power and negative sequence compensation for new voltage source inverter under the stable state is reference frame with the positive sequence component, and negative sequence component rotates with the twice rated frequency clockwise in this coordinate system lower edge.
The ground that is without loss of generality, this phasor diagram obtains under following two assumed conditions:
(1) ignores device and circuit active loss, namely suppose all resistance R=0;
(2) after the negative-sequence current full remuneration, only there is positive sequence component in the system voltage.
Under the stable state, the inverter voltage drop that connects in the reactance of being incorporated into the power networks is used
Expression can be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
Output current is used
Expression can be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
Wherein:
With access point place voltage
Phase place is identical, is used for the positive sequence reactive current of bucking-out system;
Be used for the negative-sequence current of bucking-out system.According to the reactor characteristic, the positive sequence voltage component
Leading forward-order current component
90 ° in phase place, the negative sequence voltage component
Leading negative-sequence current component
90 ° in phase place.
For cascade structure, can stable operation for guaranteeing it, its output voltage
Must and output current
Become 90 ° phase relation, can be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
For three-phase bridge type converter, under stable state, its output voltage
With output current
Between phase relation adjustable, can be decomposed into positive sequence component equally
With negative sequence component
In the realization of idle and negative sequence component, the main principle that need follow:
Therefore, can realize the reasonable distribution that bridge architecture and cascade structure contravarianter voltage are exported with the negative phase-sequence instruction current according to idle, thus the control device output current
, to reach idle and full remuneration negative sequence component.
6. the realization of idle and meritorious adjusting.
Referring to Fig. 6, when being used for fundamental wave reactive power with meritorious the adjusting for new voltage source inverter, the phasor diagram under the stable state.Only consider on the topology that the three-phase bridge DC side is connected to the situation in merit source, cascade connection type unit DC side direct capacitance.
The ground that is without loss of generality, this phasor diagram obtains under following assumed condition:
(1) ignores device and circuit active loss, namely suppose all resistance R=0;
(2) do not contain negative sequence component in the system.
Under the stable state, the inverter voltage drop that connects in the reactance of being incorporated into the power networks is used
Expression can be decomposed into real component
With idle component
Wherein:
With access point place voltage
Phase place is identical, is used for regulating idle output;
Be used for regulating meritorious output.Output current is used
Expression can be decomposed into real component
With idle component
According to the reactor characteristic, the voltage real component
The leading current real component
90 ° in phase place, the voltage power-less component
The leading current idle component
90 ° in phase place.By control λ angle, just can realize meritorious energy flowing between system.
For cascade structure, can stable operation for guaranteeing it, its output voltage
Must and output current
Become 90 ° phase relation, can be decomposed into real component
With idle component
For three-phase bridge type converter, under stable state, its output voltage
With output current
Between phase relation adjustable, can be decomposed into real component equally
With idle component
In the realization of meritorious and idle component, the main principle that need follow:
Therefore, can realize the reasonable distribution that bridge architecture and cascade structure contravarianter voltage are exported with idle instruction current according to meritorious, thus the control device output current
, to reach the adjusting of meritorious and idle component.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a new topological structure voltage source inverter is characterized in that, comprises based on the inverter of single-phase bridge cascade structure and based on the inverter of three-phase bridge structure; Described inverter based on the single-phase bridge cascade structure is three-phase, and the three-phase cascaded inverter inserts three-phase bridge structure inverter simultaneously and connects into star structure at the neutral point place; Or three-phase bridge structure inverter is positioned at the neutral point of three-phase cascaded inverter.
2. a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inverter of cascade structure is every to be constituted by N H bridge is unit cascaded, and its DC side only connects electric capacity or connects DC network or by current transformer incoming transport network.
3. a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the inverter of described three-phase bridge structure adopts three-phase half-bridge structure formula inverter or three phase full bridge structural formula inverter or many level of diode clamp structural formula inverter or many level of striding capacitance structural formula inverter or device cascaded structure formula inverter or many level of module combinations structural formula inverter.
4. a kind of new topological structure voltage source inverter according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the DC side of the inverter of described three-phase bridge structure only connects electric capacity or connects DC network or pass through current transformer incoming transport network.
5. the control method based on new topological structure voltage source inverter is characterized in that, comprises following control method:
Control method one: cascaded inverter and three-phase bridge type converter DC side only connect dc capacitor, finish idle and full remuneration negative-sequence current, and concrete steps are:
Step 1: under the stable state, the inverter voltage drop that connects in the reactance of being incorporated into the power networks is used
Expression, and be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
, the inverter output current is used
Expression, and be decomposed into the positive sequence idle component
With negative sequence component
Wherein:
With access point place voltage
Phase place is identical, is used for the positive sequence reactive current of bucking-out system;
Be used for the negative-sequence current of bucking-out system; According to the reactor characteristic, the positive sequence voltage component
Leading forward-order current component
90 ° in phase place, the negative sequence voltage component
Leading negative-sequence current component
90 ° in phase place;
Step 2: for cascaded inverter, can stable operation for guaranteeing it, its output voltage
Must and output current
Become 90 ° phase relation, then be decomposed into positive sequence component
With negative sequence component
For three-phase bridge type converter, under stable state, its output voltage
With output current
Between phase relation adjustable, be decomposed into positive sequence component equally
With negative sequence component
Step 3: in the realization of idle and negative sequence component, the main principle that need follow:
Realize the reasonable distribution that bridge architecture and cascade structure contravarianter voltage are exported according to idle with the negative phase-sequence instruction current, thus the control device output current
, to reach idle and full remuneration negative sequence component;
Control method two: the cascaded inverter DC side only connects electric capacity, and three-phase bridge type converter can be realized adjusting meritorious and idle component this moment by current transformer incoming transport electrical network, and concrete steps are:
Step 1: under the stable state, the inverter voltage drop that connects in the reactance of being incorporated into the power networks is used
Expression, and be decomposed into real component
With idle component
Wherein:
With access point place voltage
Phase place is identical, is used for regulating idle output;
Be used for regulating meritorious output, output current is used
Expression, and be decomposed into real component
With idle component
, according to the reactor characteristic, the voltage real component
The leading current real component
90 ° in phase place, the voltage power-less component
The leading current idle component
90 ° in phase place;
Step 2: for cascade structure, can stable operation for guaranteeing it, its output voltage
Must and output current
Become 90 ° phase relation, then be decomposed into real component
With idle component
For three-phase bridge type converter, under stable state, its output voltage
With output current
Between phase relation adjustable, be decomposed into real component equally
With idle component
Step 3: in the realization of meritorious and idle component, the main principle that need follow:
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