Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to current ATM power supply when AC dump, may allow and use the client of ATM to produce the deficiencies such as economic loss, the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency in a kind of ATM is provided.
The present invention in order to the technology realizing its goal of the invention and adopt is: the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency in ATM, comprises the main power circuit of galvanic current civil power being converted to ATM needs; The output of described main power circuit is powered to ATM through BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit; Also comprise protective circuit, described protective circuit when civil power power down in time for ATM provides the backup battery of power supply; Comprise storage battery and control switching circuit;
The power output end of described storage battery connects described BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit under described control switching circuit controls;
Described control switching circuit comprises AC power-fail detection circuit, microprocessor, battery control switching circuit; Described AC power-fail detection circuit is connected with civil power, produces power-off signal output to microprocessor when civil power power down, and described Microprocessor S3C44B0X battery control switching circuit is by the output of the input of BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit access storage battery.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: described main power circuit comprises first order current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, DC/DC circuit and second level current rectifying and wave filtering circuit;
The direct current that described first order current rectifying and wave filtering circuit exports enters second level current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and produces galvanic current after the step-down of DC/DC circuit;
Described DC/DC circuit is the main power conversion circuit of open loop half-bridge DC/DC, and the pwm control signal of the main power conversion circuit of open loop half-bridge DC/DC inputs the output of termination by the pwm control circuit of Microprocessor S3C44B0X.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: described first order current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, comprise bridge rectifier and PFC filter circuit; The ac input end of described bridge rectifier connects civil power, and it exports the input of the PFC filter circuit described in termination, and PFC filter circuit output produces 400V direct voltage.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: civil power was also provided with transformer before being input to described bridge rectifier, the armature winding of described transformer connects civil power, and secondary winding connects the ac input end of described bridge rectifier.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: also export the alternating current of a road time delay at described transformer secondary output winding terminal for described ATM peripheral equipment.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: connect at secondary winding and be also provided with EMI filter circuit between the ac input end of bridge rectifier.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: described AC power-fail detection circuit comprises the first diode, the second diode, the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor and the first voltage-stabiliser tube;
The first described diode and the anode of the second diode connect L line and the N line of AC power supplies respectively, and the first described diode is connected with the second diode cathode;
The first described divider resistance and the second divider resistance series winding, first diode described in another termination of the first divider resistance and the second diode cathode junction, the other end ground connection of the second divider resistance;
The first described filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor series winding, another pole of the first filter capacitor connects the first described divider resistance and the second divider resistance series winding junction, another pole ground connection of the second filter capacitor;
The negative electrode of the first described voltage-stabiliser tube connects the first described filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor series winding junction, the plus earth of the first voltage-stabiliser tube;
The negative electrode of the first described voltage-stabiliser tube is the output of described AC power-fail detection circuit, connects the respective pins of described processor.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: also comprise in described control switching circuit and overvoltage, the input overvoltage of under-voltage detection, undervoltage detection circuit are carried out to input AC; Described input overvoltage, undervoltage detection circuit comprise the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, the 3rd divider resistance, the 4th divider resistance, the 5th divider resistance, the 6th divider resistance, the 3rd filter capacitor, the 4th filter capacitor, the 5th filter capacitor and the second voltage-stabiliser tube;
The 3rd described diode and the anode of the 4th diode connect L line and the N line of AC power supplies respectively, and the 3rd described diode is connected with the 4th diode cathode;
The 3rd described divider resistance, the 4th divider resistance, the 5th divider resistance, the 6th divider resistance are contacted successively, the 3rd diode described in another termination of the 3rd divider resistance and the 4th diode cathode junction, the other end ground connection of the 6th divider resistance;
The 3rd described filter capacitor, the 4th filter capacitor, the 5th filter capacitor are connected respectively to the 3rd described divider resistance and the 4th divider resistance series winding junction, and the 4th divider resistance and the 5th divider resistance series winding junction, the 5th divider resistance and the 6th divider resistance are contacted between junction and ground;
The negative electrode of the second described voltage-stabiliser tube connects the 5th described divider resistance and the 6th divider resistance series winding junction, the plus earth of the second voltage-stabiliser tube;
The negative electrode of the second described voltage-stabiliser tube is described input overvoltage, the output of undervoltage detection circuit, connects the respective pins of described processor.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: also comprise temperature sensing circuit in described control switching circuit, described temperature sensing circuit comprises setting thermistor on a heat sink, the 7th divider resistance and the 6th filter capacitor;
Described thermistor and the 7th divider resistance are contacted, and the other end of thermistor and the 7th divider resistance connects standard positive voltage and ground respectively;
The two ends of the 6th described filter capacitor connect described thermistor respectively and the 7th divider resistance is contacted between junction and ground;
Contact temperature signal that junction is temperature sensing circuit of described thermistor and the 7th divider resistance exports the respective pins of the processor described in termination.
Further, in above-mentioned ATM in the uninterrupted high frequency switch power of high energy efficiency: described thermistor is the thermistor of negative temperature coefficient.
The present invention is after have employed technique scheme, uninterrupted control switching circuit is detected owing to adding AC dump, if power-off signal detected, MCU control circuit can export corresponding signal at once, power to BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit through isolation control circuit triggering backup battery or solar energy-electric energy seamless switching control circuit, convert the DC bus voltage exported when substituting exchange normal with this, thus ensure ATM power supply uninterrupted power supply.
Below by carrying out comparatively detailed description with accompanying drawing to technical scheme of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 is as shown in Figure 1: the present embodiment is the efficient uninterrupted high frequency switch power of a kind of ATM, as shown in Figure 1: this Switching Power Supply comprises input transformer, input EMI, rectification, PFC power factor correcting, filtering, the conversion of open loop DC/DC material gain and pwm control circuit, protective circuit, AC dump and detects uninterrupted control switching circuit.
When alternating current is by input transformer armature winding, induce required alternating voltage on the secondary winding, after rectification circuit, filter circuit and control circuit, be converted to final required DC bus voltage.
The effect of EMI filtering is the interference of the high-frequency signal in filtering electrical network to ATM, by the DC power supply of carrying out PFC power factor correcting after bridge rectifier, filtering produces 400V.
Control circuit comprises voltage stabilizing circuit, protective circuit.Because there is the reason of PFC boost voltage stabilizing elementary forceful electric power side, when the alternating voltage of transformer secondary output becomes the metastable 400V DC bus voltage changed with input voltage after rectification, filtering, this DC bus voltage will output to next stage BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit and power.BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit comprises and being made up of metal-oxide-semiconductor and accurate voltage negative-feedback circuit.Made comparisons with its internal reference voltage by the sample voltage of BUCK circuit output end of pressure-stabilizing of accurate voltage negative-feedback circuit, then the control pole tension VGS of output signal control metal-oxide-semiconductor makes its drain current IDS make change.When DC bus voltage is by BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit because output voltage be by the Feedback Design value of accurate voltage-stabilizing circuit fix, and lower than the minimum point of input bus voltage, thus reach the object of required regulated output voltage.Described protecting control circuit comprises input overvoltage protection, input undervoltage protection, output over-voltage protection, output overcurrent protection and overheat protector.It is characterized in that, when testing circuit input detected, go out voltage higher or lower than range of nominal tension value, output current higher than rated value and power module temperature rise higher than rated value time, provide the signal turning off output voltage, guarantee ATM power module and be powered equipment not damaged.
In the present embodiment, AC power-fail detection circuit as shown in Figure 2: comprise the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the first divider resistance R1, the second divider resistance R2, the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the first voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1;
The anode of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 connects L line and the N line of AC power supplies respectively, and the first described diode D1 is connected with the second diode D2 negative electrode; By D1 and D2, the output rectification of AC is introduced in circuit,
First divider resistance R1 and the second divider resistance R2 contacts, another termination first diode D1 of the first divider resistance R1 and the second diode D2 negative electrode junction, the other end ground connection of the second divider resistance R2; Two resistance are suitable for processor process after the high pressure of AC is carried out dividing potential drop.
First filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 contacts, and another pole of the first filter capacitor C1 connects the first divider resistance R1 and the second divider resistance R2 series winding junction, another pole ground connection of the second filter capacitor C2;
The negative electrode of the first voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1 connects the first described filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 series winding junction, the plus earth of the first voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1;
The negative electrode of the first voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1 is the output of described AC power-fail detection circuit, connects the respective pins of described processor, can obtain the signal of AC whether power down after the process of carrying out within a processor.
Also comprise in control switching circuit in the present embodiment and overvoltage, the input overvoltage of under-voltage detection, undervoltage detection circuit are carried out to input AC; Input overvoltage, undervoltage detection circuit is similar to AC power-fail detection circuit, also be after carrying out full-wave rectification by two diodes, carry out dividing potential drop and filtering again, the voltage fact of AC is detected to be input in processor judge, and then export control signal according to the result judged.
As shown in Figure 3, input overvoltage, undervoltage detection circuit comprise the 3rd diode D3, the 4th diode D4, the 3rd divider resistance R3, the 4th divider resistance R4, the 5th divider resistance R5, the 6th divider resistance R6, the 3rd filter capacitor C3, the 4th filter capacitor C4, the 5th filter capacitor C5 and the second voltage-stabiliser tube ZD2;
The anode of the 3rd diode D3 and the 4th diode D4 connects L line and the N line of AC power supplies respectively, and the 3rd described diode D3 is connected with the 4th diode D4 negative electrode;
3rd divider resistance R3, the 4th divider resistance R4, the 5th divider resistance R5, the 6th divider resistance R6 contact successively, the 3rd diode D3 described in another termination of 3rd divider resistance R3 and the 4th diode D4 negative electrode junction, the other end ground connection of the 6th divider resistance R6;
3rd filter capacitor C3, the 4th filter capacitor C4, the 5th filter capacitor C5 are connected respectively to the 3rd described divider resistance R3 and the 4th divider resistance R4 series winding junction, and the 4th divider resistance R4 and the 5th divider resistance R5 series winding junction, the 5th divider resistance R5 and the 6th divider resistance R6 contact between junction and ground;
The negative electrode of the second voltage-stabiliser tube ZD2 connects the 5th described divider resistance R5 and the 6th divider resistance R6 series winding junction, the plus earth of the second voltage-stabiliser tube ZD2;
The negative electrode of the second voltage-stabiliser tube ZD2 is described input overvoltage, the output of undervoltage detection circuit, connects the respective pins of described processor.
Temperature sensing circuit such as Fig. 4 is also had to comprise setting thermistor TR1 on a heat sink, the 7th divider resistance R7 and the 6th filter capacitor C6 in the present embodiment;
Thermistor TR1 and the 7th divider resistance R7 contacts, and the other end of thermistor TR1 and the 7th divider resistance R7 connects standard positive voltage and ground respectively;
The two ends of the 6th filter capacitor C6 meet thermistor TR1 respectively and the 7th divider resistance (R7) is contacted between junction and ground;
Contact temperature signal that junction is temperature sensing circuit of thermistor TR1 and the 7th divider resistance R7 exports the respective pins of the processor described in termination.
The alternating current of input is after EMI filtering, convert through bridge rectifier, pfc circuit and filtering, the main material gain of open loop half-bridge DC/DC, output rectification filter reaches required DC bus voltage, DC bus voltage powers to respectively one group, BUCK circuit, two groups, BUCK circuit, three groups, BUCK circuit again.When the unexpected power down of interchange, at this moment AC power-fail detection circuit action immediately, delivers to MCU control module analyzing and processing by signal, then triggers battery handover management circuit, replacing band bus direct voltage with this, is the operation principle that this high energy efficiency uninterruptedly switches power supply ATM power supply.
Present invention employs following technology: AC dump detects and MCU control technology, seamless switching technique, input voltage linear signal acquisition technique, and perfect resist technology.
High energy efficiency uninterruptedly switches power supply ATM power supply and comprises and exchange time delay output, EMI filtering, bridge rectifier, pfc circuit and filtering, open loop DC/DC power conversion, output rectification filter, DC bus voltage, one group, BUCK circuit, two groups, BUCK circuit, three groups, BUCK circuit, pwm control circuit, protecting control circuit, AC power-fail detection circuit, MCU control module and battery handover management circuit as shown in Figure 1.Protecting control circuit comprises input over under-voltage protection circuit, exports over under-voltage protection circuit, output overcurrent protective circuit, output short circuit protection circuit and power module thermal-shutdown circuit.The DC bus voltage that the alternating voltage X induced due to transformer secondary output converts to after rectification circuit and filter circuit, the BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit of this voltage through being made up of metal-oxide-semiconductor and accurate voltage negative-feedback circuit, voltage and its internal reference voltage of accurate voltage negative-feedback circuit sampling BUCK circuit output end of pressure-stabilizing are made comparisons, then the control pole tension VGS of output signal control metal-oxide-semiconductor makes its drain current IDS make change.When DC bus voltage is by BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit because output voltage be by the design load of accurate voltage-stabilizing circuit fix, and lower than the minimum point of input voltage, thus reach the object of required regulated output voltage.If input AC electrical anomaly, AC power-fail detection circuit provides AC detection signal to analyze to MCU control module, AC-input voltage whether power down is judged with this, if power-off signal detected, MCU control circuit can export corresponding signal at once, power to BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit through isolation control circuit triggering backup battery or solar energy-electric energy seamless switching control circuit, when substituting exchange normal with this, convert the DC bus voltage exported, thus ensure ATM power supply uninterrupted power supply.If when protecting control electric circuit inspection is abnormal to power module work, outputs signal to MCU control module, perform defence program afterwards by analysis, the output of module of cutting off the electricity supply, ensure ATM power module and be powered equipment not damaged.
Its operation principle is summarized as follows:
When start powers on, first exchange delay circuit on request output AC electricity power to ATM system PC and peripheral equipment, the alternating current simultaneously inputted is through EMI filtering, bridge rectifier, pfc circuit and filtering, open loop DC/DC power conversion, then output rectification filter, reach required DC bus voltage, DC bus voltage gives one group, BUCK circuit more respectively, two groups, BUCK circuit, three groups, BUCK circuit is powered, three BUCK circuit are transformed into three groups of direct voltage outputs and power to atm device thus respectively again, if input AC electrical anomaly, AC power-fail detection circuit provides AC detection signal to analyze to MCU control module, AC-input voltage whether power down is judged with this, if power-off signal detected, microcomputer control circuit can export corresponding signal at once, power to BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit through isolation control circuit triggering backup battery or solar energy-electric energy seamless switching control circuit, the DC bus voltage exported is converted when substituting exchange normal with this, thus ensure ATM power supply uninterrupted power supply.If when protecting control electric circuit inspection is abnormal to power module work, outputs signal to MCU control module, perform defence program afterwards by analysis, the output of module of cutting off the electricity supply, ensure ATM power module and be powered equipment not damaged.
Be illustrated in figure 5 the present embodiment MCU control circuit and civil power power down backup battery control switching circuit schematic diagram, its effect and function specifically have: 1, civil power detection of power loss.2, civil power power down backup battery switches.3, input overvoltage, under-voltage detection and protection is exchanged.4, environment excess temperature detects and protection.5, fan temperature speed regulating control.6, output delays time to control is exchanged.7, each functional module electrifying timing sequence control of delay startup, pfc circuit, DC/DC translation circuit is inputted.8, various abnormality alarm signal exports.9, tremble signal frequently to export.Introduce its operation principle lower below in detail:
D9, D10, R247, R248, R268, R269, C133, C134, ZD8 form power-fail detection circuit, here the first divider resistance adopts R247, R248, R268 series winding composition of three 200K in divider resistance according to actual needs, and the second divider resistance adopts the R269 of a 150K.Due to this circuit acquisition testing is input AC impulse wave, when power down appears in civil power, this circuit can in several milliseconds wink speed make 17 pin that reflection gives MCU and carry out detections and analyze judgement, if MCU analyzes and is judged as civil power power down, 6 pin of MCU export power-off signal level triggers isolation control circuit U26 at once, trigger back-up source control switching circuit to power to BUCK voltage stabilizing circuit thereupon, when substituting exchange normal with this, convert the DC bus voltage exported.Due to from civil power once power down calculate, ATM Switching Power Supply itself can maintain 40ms and normally export, and switch from civil power detection of power loss and power down backup battery and only need about 20ms operate time altogether, so guarantee seamless switching can be supported from these data, thus ensure ATM power supply uninterrupted power supply.
The input of D9, D10, R241, R242, R243, R250, R251, R164, C122, C123, C136, ZD9 composition mains supply over-voltage, undervoltage detection circuit.Similar to Fig. 3, here, in divider resistance, the 3rd divider resistance adopts resistance R241, R242, R243 of three 390K to contact according to actual needs, and other structure is identical with Fig. 3.When there is overvoltage or be under-voltage in civil power; circuit carries out voltage detecting thus; then 15 pin detection voltage being delivered to MCU carry out analysis and judge; if MCU analyze be judged as overvoltage or under-voltage time; at this moment 7 pin of MCU export the breaking circuit that high level delivers to pwm chip; turn off the main power conversion circuit of DC/DC with this, thus protection ATM Switching Power Supply is not damaged.
TR1 temperature and resistance, R224 resistance, C121 electric capacity composition environment excess temperature detects and fan temperature speed governing testing circuit, when ambient temperature changes, circuit carries out temperature detection thus, due to the temperature and resistance that TR1 is a negative temperature coefficient, temperature its resistance higher is less, when such ambient temperature is too high, the 14 pin detection voltages of MCU uprise, as long as the voltage uprised reaches the corresponding voltage of MCU setting, at this moment 7 pin of MCU export again the breaking circuit that high level delivers to pwm chip, the main power conversion circuit of DC/DC is turned off with this, thus protection ATM Switching Power Supply is not damaged when temperature is too high.This testing circuit another one effect is that the speed governing of fan temperature detects, when the temperature varies, 2 pin of MCU export duty cycle square wave and can change along with variations in temperature, and detected temperatures is higher, and the 2 pin output duty cycle square waves of MCU are also larger, the revolution that the square wave now exported controls fan is also larger, contrary situation, the revolution of fan is also less, for this reason, the useful life of fan substantially increases, and indirectly also improves the useful life of ATM Switching Power Supply.
5 pin of MCU are that the 1KHZ write trembles signal output frequently, its signal exports the operating frequency concussion pin delivering to PFC after integration, the object of such design is the interference to electrical network when can reduce PFC work to a great extent, also just improve EMC index, make it to become more green ATM Switching Power Supply.
The 13 pin JDQ of MCU be power on control inputs soft-start circuit signal export, the 8 pin P-OFF of MCU are the signal output of upper electric control pfc circuit work, 7 pin of MCU are again the signal output of upper electric control pwm circuit work, the 10 pin TX of MCU are the signal output that upper electric control exchanges the work of time delay output circuit, above four signals are that each functional module electrifying timing sequence control signal exports, the object of such design is the impulse current in order to greatly reduce when start powers on, avoid sizable input impulse current that ATM system and ATM Switching Power Supply powered on moment produce thus, prevent the risk making city's electric tripping because start powered on moment input impulse current is excessive.
9 pin of MCU are that various abnormality alarm signal exports.This signal receives ATM system background monitoring, once there is abnormal signal all thus to send alarm.
In sum, the uninterrupted ATM of this high energy efficiency powers high frequency switch power, have employed energy-saving design, efficiency reaches more than 90%, reduces product cost, improves power-efficient and Module Reliability, avoid alternating current power failure or power failure, the economic loss of client can not be guaranteed, and brings the shortcoming of inconvenience to client, can alleviate the immense pressure that power consumption equipment brings to electrical network.This ATM power supply belongs to green power supply, is the ideal source that power supply site requirements is higher.