CN102904302A - High-efficiency solar charging device and charging method thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency solar charging device and charging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102904302A CN102904302A CN2012103764249A CN201210376424A CN102904302A CN 102904302 A CN102904302 A CN 102904302A CN 2012103764249 A CN2012103764249 A CN 2012103764249A CN 201210376424 A CN201210376424 A CN 201210376424A CN 102904302 A CN102904302 A CN 102904302A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency solar charging device and a charging method thereof. The charging device comprises a controller, a starting circuit, a direct current to direct current (DC-DC) conversion circuit, a charging terminal battery and a photoelectric conversion input module; the controller is respectively connected with the starting circuit and the DC-DC conversion circuit; the photoelectric conversion input module is respectively connected with the starting circuit and the DC-DC conversion circuit; and the controller acquires voltage values of the photoelectric conversion input module, and controls the DC-DC conversion circuit to charge the charging terminal battery by using a step-down topology unit and a step-up topology unit according to the difference of the voltage values of the photoelectric conversion input module. By the high-efficiency solar charging device and the charging method of the high-efficiency solar charging device provided by the invention, the problem about the voltage value change of the photoelectric conversion input module is unnecessary to be worried about; and the overall device can be adjusted automatically, so that the charging efficiency is maximized. The charging device provided by the invention has the characteristics of high charging efficiency, high stability and the like; and the electric energy output by a photoelectric conversion device can be collected and utilized efficiently.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solar charging electro-technical field, relate to a kind of charging device, relate in particular to a kind of high efficiency solar charging device; Simultaneously, the invention still further relates to a kind of charging method of high efficiency solar charging device.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of global economy, the energy starved problem is day by day serious, and the problem that how to improve the utilance of the energy has become the direction of every field research and development gradually.Energy utilization rate equipment is energy savings efficiently, alleviates energy shortage and has played significant role.
Existing electricity collection charging device self structure is fixing, can only make for specific input voltage going out specific Voltage-output most, and the charge efficiency of self is not high, can't be applicable to the unfixed occasion of input voltage.The output voltage of electrooptical device self fluctuates greatly with the intensity of illumination variation, can't directly use as charging.
In view of this, in order to be adapted to charging and to improve charge efficiency, just be necessary to utilize the intelligent chip technology such as single-chip microcomputer that charging device is transformed.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of high efficiency solar charging device is provided, can automatically adjust the DC-DC translation circuit according to charging voltage and make charge efficiency reach the highest, can be applicable to preferably the high efficiency electricity collection charging in the unstable larger situation of photoelectric conversion module input voltage fluctuation that causes of illumination.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of charging method of high efficiency solar charging device, can automatically adjust the DC-DC translation circuit according to charging voltage and make charge efficiency reach the highest, can be applicable to preferably the high efficiency electricity collection charging in the unstable larger situation of photoelectric conversion module input voltage fluctuation that causes of illumination.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of high efficiency solar charging device, described charging device comprises: controller, start-up circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, charging terminal battery and opto-electronic conversion input module;
Described controller connects respectively start-up circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, and the opto-electronic conversion input connects respectively start-up circuit, DC-DC translation circuit;
Described DC-DC translation circuit comprises buck topology unit and Boost topology unit; Described controller obtains the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module, and according to the difference of opto-electronic conversion input module magnitude of voltage, control DC-DC translation circuit uses buck topology unit or Boost topology unit that described charging terminal battery is charged;
The PWM ripple of the PWM functional pin output different duty of described controller, control ON time and the pinch off time of field effect transistor in the DC-DC translation circuit, thereby control the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the DC-DC translation circuit, finally change the output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging device also comprises the voltage amplification acquisition module, and the charging terminal battery connects respectively DC-DC translation circuit, voltage amplification acquisition module; The ADC pin of described controller is sampled to charging voltage by the voltage acquisition amplification module, is boosted or the amplitude of step-down by controller control DC-DC translation circuit, adjusts charge efficiency.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging device needs low-voltage to start and the high voltage operation, uses different DC-DC circuit as start-up circuit, carries out low-voltage and starts and high-voltage operation, and DC-DC circuit output DC is powered to controller.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described Boost topology unit is Boost Boost topology unit, and the buck topology unit is Buck buck topology unit;
During the switching tube conducting, power supply forms the loop via inductance, switching tube in the described Boost Boost topology unit, and electric current is converted into magnetic energy and stores in inductance; When switching tube turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the inductance at inductance end one negative just had been converted into electric energy, and this voltage is superimposed upon power positive end, formed the loop via diode, load, finished boost function;
Power supply is by an inductance powering load in the described Buck reduction voltage circuit, and then inductance storage compartment energy disconnects power supply simultaneously, only by the inductance powering load; So periodic work by regulating the relative time of power connection, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
A kind of charging method of above-mentioned high efficiency solar charging device, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, controller obtain the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module;
Step S2, according to the difference of opto-electronic conversion input module magnitude of voltage, control DC-DC translation circuit uses buck topology unit or Boost topology unit that the charging terminal battery is charged; Control method is: the PWM ripple of the PWM functional pin output different duty of controller, control ON time and the pinch off time of field effect transistor in the DC-DC translation circuit, thereby control the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the DC-DC translation circuit, finally change the output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, among the described step S1, the ADC pin of controller is sampled to charging voltage by the voltage acquisition amplification module, is boosted or the amplitude of step-down by controller control DC-DC translation circuit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charging device needs low-voltage to start and the high voltage operation, uses different DC-DC circuit as start-up circuit, carries out low-voltage and starts and high-voltage operation, and DC-DC circuit output DC is powered to controller.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described step S2 comprises: during the switching tube conducting, power supply forms the loop via inductance, switching tube in the described Boost Boost topology unit, and electric current is converted into magnetic energy and stores in inductance; When switching tube turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the inductance at inductance end one negative just had been converted into electric energy, and this voltage is superimposed upon power positive end, formed the loop via diode, load, finished boost function.Power supply is by an inductance powering load in the described Buck reduction voltage circuit, and then inductance storage compartment energy disconnects power supply simultaneously, only by the inductance powering load; So periodic work by regulating the relative time of power connection, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described method comprises that also step S3, controller carry out real-time sampling to a sampling resistor of charging terminal battery part, obtain real-time charge efficiency to feed back to controller, duty ratio by algorithm control, calculating conditioning controller output PWM ripple, decision is boosted or the amplitude of step-down, thereby adjust the DC-DC varying circuit, and then adjust in real time charge efficiency.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: high efficiency solar charging device and charging method thereof that the present invention proposes, needn't worry the problem that the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input changes, and package unit can automatically be adjusted and make charge efficiency reach maximum.Charging device of the present invention self has the charge efficiency height, and the characteristics such as good stability can be collected utilization expeditiously to the electric energy of electrooptical device output.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of charging device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of start-up circuit in the charging device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of Boost booster circuit in the charging device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of Buck reduction voltage circuit in the charging device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of voltage amplification acquisition module in the charging device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram in the charging device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
See also Fig. 1, the present invention has disclosed a kind of high efficiency solar charging device, comprises single-chip microcomputer 1, opto-electronic conversion input module 2, start-up circuit 3, DC-DC translation circuit 4, battery 5, voltage acquisition amplification module 6.Described DC-DC translation circuit 4 comprises and falls Buck reduction voltage circuit and Boost booster circuit.Direct voltage by opto-electronic conversion input module 2 is powered to whole charging device.
Single-chip microcomputer 1 obtains the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module 2, single-chip microcomputer 1 is by analysis behind the voltage, according to the difference of opto-electronic conversion input module 2 magnitudes of voltage, control DC-DC translation circuit 4 uses Buck reduction voltage circuit and Boost booster circuit that input voltage is carried out the DC-DC conversion.Particularly, the ADC pin of single-chip microcomputer 1 is sampled to charging voltage by the voltage acquisition amplification module, is boosted or the amplitude of step-down by controller control DC-DC translation circuit, adjusts charge efficiency.
Simultaneously, single-chip microcomputer 1 uses AD that a sampling resistor of battery 5 parts is carried out real-time sampling, obtain real-time charge efficiency to feed back to single-chip microcomputer 1, regulate the duty ratio of single-chip microcomputer output PWM ripple by algorithm control, calculating, decision is boosted or the amplitude of step-down, thereby adjust the DC-DC varying circuit, and then adjust in real time charge efficiency.The PWM ripple of the PWM functional pin output different duty of single-chip microcomputer 1, control ON time and the pinch off time of field effect transistor in the DC-DC translation circuit, thereby control the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the DC-DC translation circuit, finally change the output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of start-up circuit of the present invention.The voltage range of opto-electronic conversion input module 2 is 0 ~ 20V, and control circuit partly is 5V, so will carry out input voltage is carried out buck or boost, the operating voltage of 2108AG is lower, and 0.7V just can work, so be suitable as the start-up circuit of low-voltage.And the voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module can reach 20V, so high-tension the time, come to provide operating voltage for system with LM2596.Because relatively more difficult by the automatic control inputs voltage range of control circuit, so remind whether will switch start-up circuit by detecting input voltage.Two switches among the figure are relay, acquiescence links to each other with below 2108AG circuit, system can start work about input voltage 0.7V, then detect input voltage by master chip, when input voltage during greater than battery charging voltage, the action of master chip control relay, the circuit that switches to top LM2596 chip are the whole system power supply.
See also Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of Boost booster circuit of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of Buck reduction voltage circuit.During the switching tube conducting, power supply forms the loop via inductance-switching tube in the Boost booster circuit, and electric current is converted into magnetic energy and stores in inductance; When switching tube turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the inductance on the left negative right side of inductance end just had been converted into electric energy, and this voltage is superimposed upon power positive end, forms the loop via diode-load, finishes boost function.Power supply is by an inductance powering load in the Buck reduction voltage circuit, and inductance stores part energy simultaneously, then power supply is disconnected, only by the inductance powering load.So periodic work by regulating the relative time of power connection, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
See also Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of voltage amplification acquisition module of the present invention.Single-chip microcomputer draws charging current by the magnitude of voltage of acquisition system loop up-sampling resistance by Ohm's law, thereby calculates the charge power of this moment.In order to reduce sampling resistor to the impact of total system, so the power that obtains on the sampling resistor must be got voltage this moment and be a millivolt level as calculated much smaller than charge power on the sampling resistor, need to sample by AD through after amplifying, send again and Single-chip Controlling.
System is monitored with control system by the AD sampled value with to the PWM duty ratio modulation by the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer and moves.The output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit is by the PWM control of single-chip microcomputer, duty ratio according to PWM is different, the then ON time of field effect transistor and pinch off asynchronism(-nization) in the corresponding DC transfer circuit, thereby the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the control change device circuit, the final output voltage values that changes, thereby change the size of charging current, the power that namely charges, and the power of charging satisfies equation: P
E=P
Rs+ P
t+ P
c(P
EBe output power of power supply, P
RsBe internal resistance of source consumed power, P
tBe the loss power on the DC converter, P
cBe charge power) P as can be known then
cMaximum is arranged, compress into capable Real-time Collection so must power on to sampling resistor by single-chip microcomputer, resistance according to sampling resistor converses charge power, regulate again the duty ratio of PWM by singlechip feedbsck, thereby make charge power remain on maximum, namely improve to greatest extent the utilance of opto-electronic conversion power output.
Consult Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is system program flow chart of the present invention.In order to improve the operating efficiency of system, reduce power consumption, just need to be with large as much as possible power charging.So method---MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of commonly using in the employing photovoltaic generating system.Each single-chip microcomputer is in pwm signal of output charging current of just sampling, and with it with frontly once compare, determines that with this duty ratio of PWM is to increase or reduce, and finally finds the maximum power point of system works.When the voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module changes within a period of time when very faint, single-chip microcomputer is just controlled circuit in real time and there is no need, and the power consumption of system is increased.So when system works just allows later on single-chip microcomputer enter low-power consumption mode at maximum charging current.Interrupt waking up every 1S, whether the voltage of judging system safety, and whether be operated in maximum charging current; Adjust if not then carrying out PWM.
More than introduced the composition of the high efficiency solar charging device of the present invention, the present invention also discloses the charging method of above-mentioned high efficiency solar charging device when disclosing above-mentioned charging device, and described method comprises the steps:
[step S1] controller obtains the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module.The ADC pin of controller is sampled to charging voltage by the voltage acquisition amplification module, controls with this that DC-DC translation circuit boosts or the amplitude of step-down.
According to the difference of opto-electronic conversion input module magnitude of voltage, control DC-DC translation circuit uses buck topology unit or Boost topology unit that the charging terminal battery is charged [step S2].
Control method is: the voltage of the opto-electronic conversion of at first sampling input, if less than battery charging voltage, be directly switch into booster circuit, and boost or reduction voltage circuit if then according to circumstances use greater than battery charging voltage.The PWM ripple of the PWM functional pin output different duty of controller, control ON time and the pinch off time of field effect transistor in the DC-DC translation circuit, thereby control the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the DC-DC translation circuit, finally change the output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit.
In addition, described charging device needs low-voltage to start and the high voltage operation, uses the different DC-DC start-up circuit of two covers, carries out low-voltage and starts and high-voltage operation, and DC-DC start-up circuit output DC is powered to controller.
Particularly, during the switching tube conducting, power supply forms the loop via inductance, switching tube in the described Boost Boost topology unit, and electric current is converted into magnetic energy and stores in inductance; When switching tube turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the inductance at inductance end one negative just had been converted into electric energy, and this voltage is superimposed upon power positive end, formed the loop via diode, load, finished boost function.Power supply is by an inductance powering load in the described Buck reduction voltage circuit, and then inductance storage compartment energy disconnects power supply simultaneously, only by the inductance powering load; So periodic work by regulating the relative time of power connection, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
The algorithm logic that [step S3] regulates DC variation module is: controller carries out real-time sampling to a sampling resistor of charging terminal battery part, if the voltage that the resistance two ends obtain is maximum, when namely its electric current that passes through is maximum, thinks that then charge efficiency is the highest.When photoelectricity input voltage during less than battery charging voltage, start the booster circuit in the DC-DC translation circuit, the duty ratio of PWM ripple is controlled the amplitude of boosting one by one from 0% conversion 100% successively, the voltage that compares the sampling resistor of each change point, searching makes the duty ratio point of PWM of the voltage maximum of sampling resistor, is maximum power point.When photoelectricity input voltage during greater than 2 times of battery charging voltages, start the reduction voltage circuit in the DC-DC translation circuit, the duty ratio of PWM ripple is successively from 50% conversion 100% controlled hypotension amplitude one by one, the voltage that compares the sampling resistor of each change point, searching makes the duty ratio point of PWM of the voltage maximum of sampling resistor, is maximum power point.When photoelectricity input voltage during greater than battery charging voltage and less than 2 times of battery charging voltages, at first start the reduction voltage circuit in the DC-DC translation circuit, the duty ratio of PWM ripple is successively from 50% conversion 100% controlled hypotension amplitude one by one, at first start the booster circuit in the DC-DC translation circuit, the duty ratio of PWM ripple successively from 0% conversion 50% one by one the controlled hypotension Amplitude Ratio than the voltage of the sampling resistor of each change point, searching makes the boosting or the duty ratio point of the PWM of step-down of voltage maximum of sampling resistor, is maximum power point.Extremely real-time charge efficiency is to feed back to controller, and the duty ratio by as above algorithm control, calculating conditioning controller output PWM ripple determines to boost or the amplitude of step-down, thus adjustment DC-DC varying circuit, and then adjust in real time charge efficiency.
In sum, high efficiency solar charging device and charging method thereof that the present invention proposes needn't be worried the problem that the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input changes, and package unit can automatically be adjusted and make charge efficiency reach maximum.Charging device of the present invention self has the charge efficiency height, and the characteristics such as good stability can be collected utilization expeditiously to the electric energy of electrooptical device output.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, is not to want with scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Here the distortion of disclosed embodiment and change is possible, and the various parts of the replacement of embodiment and equivalence are known for those those of ordinary skill in the art.Those skilled in the art are noted that in the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention or substantive characteristics, and the present invention can be with other form, structure, layout, ratio, and realize with other assembly, material and parts.In the situation that does not break away from the scope of the invention and spirit, can carry out other distortion and change to disclosed embodiment here.
Claims (9)
1. a high efficiency solar charging device is characterized in that, described charging device comprises: controller, start-up circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, charging terminal battery and opto-electronic conversion input module;
Described controller connects respectively start-up circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, and the opto-electronic conversion input connects respectively start-up circuit, DC-DC translation circuit;
Described DC-DC translation circuit comprises buck topology unit and Boost topology unit; Described controller obtains the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module, and according to the difference of opto-electronic conversion input module magnitude of voltage, control DC-DC translation circuit uses buck topology unit or Boost topology unit that described charging terminal battery is charged;
The PWM ripple of the PWM functional pin output different duty of described controller, control ON time and the pinch off time of field effect transistor in the DC-DC translation circuit, thereby control the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the DC-DC translation circuit, finally change the output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit.
2. high efficiency solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described charging device also comprises the voltage amplification acquisition module, and the charging terminal battery connects respectively DC-DC translation circuit, voltage amplification acquisition module;
The ADC pin of described controller is sampled to charging voltage by the voltage acquisition amplification module, is boosted or the amplitude of step-down by controller control DC-DC translation circuit, adjusts charge efficiency.
3. high efficiency solar charging device according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described controller also carries out real-time sampling in order to a sampling resistor to charging terminal battery part, obtain real-time charge efficiency to feed back to controller, duty ratio by algorithm control, calculating conditioning controller output PWM ripple, decision is boosted or the amplitude of step-down, thereby adjust the DC-DC translation circuit, and then adjust in real time charge efficiency.
4. high efficiency solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described charging device needs low-voltage to start and the high voltage operation, uses the different DC-DC start-up circuit of two covers, carries out low-voltage and starts and high-voltage operation, and DC-DC start-up circuit output DC is powered to controller.
5. high efficiency solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described Boost topology unit is Boost Boost topology unit, and the buck topology unit is Buck buck topology unit;
During the switching tube conducting, power supply forms the loop via inductance, switching tube in the described Boost Boost topology unit, and electric current is converted into magnetic energy and stores in inductance; When switching tube turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the inductance at inductance end one negative just had been converted into electric energy, and this voltage is superimposed upon power positive end, formed the loop via diode, load, finished boost function;
Power supply is by an inductance powering load in the described Buck reduction voltage circuit, and then inductance storage compartment energy disconnects power supply simultaneously, only by the inductance powering load; So periodic work by regulating the relative time of power connection, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
6. the charging method of the described high efficiency solar charging device of claim 1 is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, controller obtain the magnitude of voltage of opto-electronic conversion input module;
Step S2, according to the difference of opto-electronic conversion input module magnitude of voltage, control DC-DC translation circuit uses buck topology unit or Boost topology unit that the charging terminal battery is charged; Control method is: the PWM ripple of the PWM functional pin output different duty of controller, control ON time and the pinch off time of field effect transistor in the DC-DC translation circuit, thereby control the size of inductance accumulation of energy in the DC-DC translation circuit, finally change the output voltage values of DC-DC translation circuit.
7. charging method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Among the described step S1, the ADC pin of controller is sampled to charging voltage by the voltage acquisition amplification module, is boosted or the amplitude of step-down by controller control DC-DC translation circuit.
8. charging method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Described step S2 comprises:
During the switching tube conducting, power supply forms the loop via inductance, switching tube in the described Boost Boost topology unit, and electric current is converted into magnetic energy and stores in inductance; When switching tube turn-offed, the magnetic energy in the inductance at inductance end one negative just had been converted into electric energy, and this voltage is superimposed upon power positive end, formed the loop via diode, load, finished boost function;
Power supply is by an inductance powering load in the described Buck reduction voltage circuit, and then inductance storage compartment energy disconnects power supply simultaneously, only by the inductance powering load; So periodic work by regulating the relative time of power connection, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
9. charging method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Described method comprises that also step S3, controller carry out real-time sampling to a sampling resistor of charging terminal battery part, obtain real-time charge efficiency to feed back to controller, the required charging voltage of the input voltage of the opto-electronic conversion of sampling simultaneously and battery compares, determine to switch to booster circuit or reduction voltage circuit, duty ratio by algorithm control, calculating conditioning controller output PWM ripple, decision is boosted or the amplitude of step-down, thereby adjust the DC-DC varying circuit, and then adjust in real time charge efficiency.
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| CN106786832B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-10-01 | 合肥中感微电子有限公司 | A kind of charging circuit and power supply terminal |
| CN107222012A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power supply system, method and device |
| CN107222012B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2024-03-12 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | Photovoltaic power supply system, method and device |
| WO2019019338A1 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | 西安中兴新软件有限责任公司 | Mobile power supply |
| CN109217280A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of voltage conversion method, energy router and power supply system |
| WO2024021928A1 (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Charging method and apparatus, storage medium, and program product |
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