CN102751894A - Inverter used for detecting solar cell panel and electric network side insulation resistor and detection method - Google Patents
Inverter used for detecting solar cell panel and electric network side insulation resistor and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an inverter used for detecting a solar cell panel and an electric network side insulation resistor and a detection method. The inverter provided by the invention comprises a boosting unit and an inversion unit, wherein the boosting unit is connected in series with the inversion unit, and a two-stage relay is arranged between the tail end of the inversion unit and an electric network, namely, an L line is provided with a relay K1 and a relay K3 which are connected in series; an N line is provided with a relay K2 and a relay K4 which are connected in series, and a relay K5 is respectively connected between the relay K1 and the relay K3 as well as between the relay K2 and the relay K4; and a common point of each relay K5 is connected with a resistor R1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is directly connected to an enclosure. According to the inverter and the method, a detection circuit is simplified, usually, the solar cell panel and the network side insulation resistor are detected simultaneously, the inverter needs at least two sets of similar circuits, and meanwhile, insulation values between the positive and negative poles of the solar cell panel as well as between the L line of an electric network and the ground, and an N line of the electric network and the ground is detected under a condition that a complicated plus circuit is not needed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inverter and detection method that detects solar panel and grid side insulation resistance.
Background technology
In the grid-connected standard of a lot of countries, pair regulation of the insulation impedance of non-isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter is arranged all; Require the both positive and negative polarity of the solar panel of connection inverter to be not less than the action that setting just can generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems for the insulation impedance between the earth; Therefore the detection that in the combining inverter of non-isolation, adds insulation impedance is very important; All be through the additional simple circuit relevant variable of sampling then at present, calculate the value of insulation resistance then through digital processing unit for the detection major part of insulation resistance.
The way of present most of inverters is to detect the insulating resistance value of solar panel anodal (negative pole) to the earth; With detected value and the contrast of standard-required value; Just can implement to protect less than standard-required when insulation resistance, to reach the purpose of protection equipment and personal security, still most of inverters have just detected the insulation resistance of solar panel; And not having the ground connection and the insulation resistance situation of detection of grid, all there is certain danger undoubtedly in this concerning photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and electrical network.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solved provides a kind of circuit of having simplified, and can detect the inverter and the detection method of solar panel and grid side insulation resistance simultaneously.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes:
A kind of inverter that detects solar panel and grid side insulation resistance; Its special character is: comprise boosting unit, inversion unit; Boosting unit is connected with inversion unit; Being provided with two-step relay between inversion unit end and the electrical network is that relay K 1, the relay K 3 of connecting is set on the L line, and relay K 2, the relay K 4 of series connection is set on the N line, and the centre of the centre of relay K 1, relay K 3 and relay K 2, relay K 4 is connected with relay K 5; The common point of relay K 5 connects a resistance R 1, and the other end of resistance R 1 is directly connected to casing.
A kind of detection method that detects the inverter of solar panel and grid side insulation resistance; Its special character is: through the switch of combination boosting unit and inversion unit; The first step makes an end of relay K 1 be connected with PV+; Connect relay K 1 and relay K 5 simultaneously, make resistance R 1 be connected to PV+, finally can constitute first equivalent electric circuit: PV+ and be connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 and the equivalent resistance Rx1 parallel connection of PV+ to casing are again with the equivalent resistance Rx2 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV-to casing; Second step made relay K 2 be connected with PV-, connected relay K 2 simultaneously, made resistance R 1 be connected to PV-; Finally can constitute second equivalent electric circuit: PV-is connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 and the equivalent resistance Rx2 parallel connection of PV-to casing with the equivalent resistance Rx1 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV+ to casing, detect sampling resistor R1 with digital processing unit simultaneously and go up voltage again; The voltage that collects constantly according to difference calculates, and obtains real-time solar panel and grid side grounding resistance.
A kind of detection method that detects solar panel and grid side insulation resistance, its special character is: concrete steps are following:
When switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 4, switch S 5, relay K 1, relay K 2, relay K 3, relay K 4, relay K 5 all are in off-state; Vpv, Vg are in the real-time monitoring; Suppose that Rx1, Rx2 equivalence are solar panel both positive and negative polarity insulating resistance value over the ground, Rx3, Rx4 equivalence are grid side L, N utmost point insulating resistance value over the ground;
(1), close switch S5, relay K 2, relay K 5 does not have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state; Sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage, is recorded as Ue1, and constitute second equivalent electric circuit: PV-and directly be connected with resistance R 1 this moment; Resistance R 1 elder generation and PV-are to the equivalent resistance Rx2 parallel connection of casing, again with the equivalent resistance Rx1 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV+ to casing, because PV+ is known to the voltage of PV-; The last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
(2), close switch S2, relay K 2, relay K 5 have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state, this moment, sampling resistor R1 went up voltage; Be recorded as Ue2, constitute first equivalent electric circuit: PV+ and directly be connected with resistance R 1 this moment, and resistance R 1 elder generation and PV+ are to the equivalent resistance Rx1 parallel connection of casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx2 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV-to casing; Because PV+ is known to the voltage of PV-, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
(3), closing relay K4, relay K 5 does not have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state; Sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage; Write down mean value and called after Ue3 in the line voltage cycle, constitute second equivalent electric circuit this moment: grid side N line directly is connected with resistance R 1, and resistance R 1 elder generation and N line are to the equivalent resistance Rx4 parallel connection of casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx3 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of L line to casing; Because electrical network L line can detect at the mean value of an electrical network in the cycle the voltage of N line, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
In the formula Ug1 be with Ue3 with the line voltage sample mean in the period;
(4), closing relay K3, relay K 5 have triggering signal; Other switch is in off-state, and sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage, writes down mean value and called after Ue4 in the line voltage cycle; Constitute first equivalent electric circuit this moment: grid side L line directly is connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 elder generation and L line are to the equivalent resistance Rx3 parallel connection of casing, again with the equivalent resistance Rx4 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of N line to casing, owing to the voltage of electrical network L line to the N line can detect at the mean value of an electrical network in the cycle; The last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
In the formula Ug be with Ue4 with the line voltage sample mean in the period;
(5), with equation (1) (2) simultaneous; The anode PV+ of solar panel can be tried to achieve to the negative terminal PV-of the insulating resistance value Rx1 of casing, the solar panel insulating resistance value Rx2 value to casing in solve an equation (1), (2); Wherein sampling resistor R1 is the resistance of the auxiliary detection that adds, and its resistance is much smaller than resistance R x1, resistance R x2, and its value size can be chosen according to the insulation resistance critical value of standard code; Influence degree according to resistance R 1 and 2 pairs of certainties of measurement of resistance R; Select its value to be 1/1000 of the critical value of standard code, like this at resistance R 1 or resistance R 2 and tested resistance R x1 with after resistance R x2 is parallelly connected, its parallelly connected value equals perhaps resistance R 2 of resistance R 1 basically; Thereby make formula (1) (2) set up; In like manner grid side L line can be tried to achieve to the insulating resistance value Rx3 of casing, the grid side N line insulating resistance value Rx4 to casing in simultaneous equations (3), (4), and grid side N line is direct-connected with the earth usually, so the Rx3 value should be very little.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1), the present invention simplified testing circuit, will detect solar panel and net side insulation resistance usually simultaneously, minimum needs two cover similar circuit.
(2), the detection method used among the present invention can be under the situation of not using more complicated additional circuit, both positive and negative polarity and electrical network L, the N line that can detect solar panel simultaneously are to the insulating resistance value between the earth.
(3), grid side N line is common and the earth is direct-connected, so the present invention also can be used as the inverter Earth Fault Detection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 for of the present invention be the circuit theory diagrams of instance 2.
Fig. 3 is first equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is second equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
The present invention includes boosting unit, inversion unit; Boosting unit is connected with inversion unit; Being provided with two-step relay between inversion unit end and the electrical network is that relay K 1, the relay K 3 of connecting is set on the L line, and relay K 2, the relay K 4 of series connection is set on the N line, and the centre of the centre of relay K 1, relay K 3 and relay K 2, relay K 4 is connected with relay K 5; The common point of relay K 5 connects a resistance R 1, and the other end of resistance R 1 is directly connected to casing.It is forever to be connected with the centre of relay K 2, K4 that resistance R 1 is not given under the state of triggering signal in relay K 5, when triggering signal is arranged is to be connected with the middle of K1, K3.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes boosting unit, inversion unit, boosting unit is connected with inversion unit, and boosting unit comprises L1, S1 and D1; PV+ is connected to inductance L 1 one ends earlier, and the L1 other end connects D1 one end, connects capacitor C 1 behind the D1 as the energy snubber unit, in the middle of L1 and D1, is connected with switch S 1; The S1 other end is connected to PV-, when S1 opens, through inductance L 1 storage power; When S1 turn-offed, inductance L 1 energy shifted to C1 through D1, reaches the power transfer purpose.Inversion unit comprises C1, S2, S3, S4, S5, L2 and L3; Switch S 2, switch S 4 and switch S 3, switch S 5 series connections are at the electric capacity two ends; Inductance L 2 and L3 connect the mid point of S2, S4 and S3, S5 respectively; HF switch through S2, S3, S4, S5 is gone up C1 to such an extent that direct voltage converts alternating voltage into, realizes energy output.
Being provided with two-step relay between inversion unit end and the electrical network is that relay K 1, the relay K 3 of connecting is set on the L line; Relay K 2, the relay K 4 of series connection are set on the N line; The centre of the centre of relay K 1, relay K 3 and relay K 2, relay K 4 is connected with relay K 5; The common point of relay K 5 connects a resistance R 1, and the other end of resistance R 1 is directly connected to casing.It is forever to be connected with the centre of relay K 1, K3 that resistance R 1 is not given under the state of triggering signal in relay K 5, when triggering signal is arranged is to be connected with the middle of K2, K4.
Adopt the circuit of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 arbitrarily; Detection method of the present invention is through the switch of combination boosting unit and inversion unit, and the first step makes an end of relay K 1 be connected with PV+, connects relay K 1 and relay K 5 simultaneously; Make resistance R 1 be connected to PV+; Finally can be connected with resistance R 1 by first equivalent electric circuit (referring to Fig. 3): PV+, resistance R 1 and the equivalent resistance Rx1 parallel connection of PV+ to casing are again with the equivalent resistance Rx2 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV-to casing; Second step made relay K 2 be connected with PV-; Connect relay K 2 simultaneously; Make resistance R 1 be connected to PV-, finally can be connected with resistance R 1 by second equivalent electric circuit (referring to Fig. 4): PV-, resistance R 1 and the equivalent resistance Rx2 parallel connection of PV-casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx1 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV+ to casing; Detect sampling resistor R1 with digital processing unit simultaneously and go up voltage, the voltage that collects constantly according to difference calculates, and obtains real-time solar panel and grid side grounding resistance.
Adopt the circuit of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 arbitrarily, detection method of the present invention, concrete steps are following:
When switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 4, switch S 5, relay K 1, relay K 2, relay K 3, relay K 4, relay K 5 all are in off-state; Vpv, Vg are in the real-time monitoring; Suppose that Rx1, Rx2 equivalence are solar panel both positive and negative polarity insulating resistance value over the ground, Rx3, Rx4 equivalence are grid side L, N utmost point insulating resistance value over the ground;
(1), close switch S5, relay K 2, relay K 5 does not have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state; Sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage, is recorded as Ue1, referring to Fig. 4; Constitute second equivalent electric circuit: PV-and directly be connected with resistance R 1 this moment, and resistance R 1 elder generation and PV-are to the equivalent resistance Rx2 parallel connection of casing, again with the equivalent resistance Rx1 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV+ to casing; Because PV+ is known to the voltage of PV-, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
(2), close switch S2, relay K 2, relay K 5 have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state, this moment, sampling resistor R1 went up voltage; Be recorded as Ue2; Referring to Fig. 3, constitute first equivalent electric circuit: PV+ and directly be connected with resistance R 1 this moment, and resistance R 1 elder generation and PV+ are to the equivalent resistance Rx1 parallel connection of casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx2 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV-to casing; Because PV+ is known to the voltage of PV-, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
(3), closing relay K4, relay K 5 does not have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state; Sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage, writes down mean value and called after Ue3 in the line voltage cycle, referring to Fig. 4; Constitute second equivalent electric circuit this moment: grid side N line directly is connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 elder generation and N line are to the equivalent resistance Rx4 parallel connection of casing, again with the equivalent resistance Rx3 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of L line to casing, owing to the voltage of electrical network L line to the N line can detect at the mean value of an electrical network in the cycle; The last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
In the formula Ug1 be with Ue3 with the line voltage sample mean in the period;
(4), closing relay K3, relay K 5 have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state, sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage; Write down mean value and called after Ue4 in the line voltage cycle; Referring to Fig. 3, constitute first equivalent electric circuit this moment: grid side L line directly is connected with resistance R 1, and resistance R 1 elder generation and L line are to the equivalent resistance Rx3 parallel connection of casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx4 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of N line to casing; Because electrical network L line can detect at the mean value of an electrical network in the cycle the voltage of N line, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
In the formula Ug be with Ue4 with the line voltage sample mean in the period;
(5), with equation (1) (2) simultaneous; The anode PV+ of solar panel can be tried to achieve to the negative terminal PV-of the insulating resistance value Rx1 of casing, the solar panel insulating resistance value Rx2 value to casing in solve an equation (1), (2); Wherein sampling resistor R1 is the resistance of the auxiliary detection that adds, and its resistance is much smaller than resistance R x1, resistance R x2, and its value size can be chosen according to the insulation resistance critical value of standard code; Influence degree according to resistance R 1 and 2 pairs of certainties of measurement of resistance R; Select its value to be 1/1000 of the critical value of standard code, like this at resistance R 1 or resistance R 2 and tested resistance R x1 with after resistance R x2 is parallelly connected, its parallelly connected value equals perhaps resistance R 2 of resistance R 1 basically; Thereby make formula (1) (2) set up; In like manner grid side L line can be tried to achieve to the insulating resistance value Rx3 of casing, the grid side N line insulating resistance value Rx4 to casing in simultaneous equations (3), (4), and grid side N line is direct-connected with the earth usually, so the Rx3 value should be very little.
Claims (3)
1. inverter that detects solar panel and grid side insulation resistance; It is characterized in that: comprise boosting unit, inversion unit; Boosting unit is connected with inversion unit; Being provided with two-step relay between inversion unit end and the electrical network is that relay K 1, the relay K 3 of connecting is set on the L line, and relay K 2, the relay K 4 of series connection is set on the N line, and the centre of the centre of relay K 1, relay K 3 and relay K 2, relay K 4 is connected with relay K 5; The common point of relay K 5 connects a resistance R 1, and the other end of resistance R 1 is directly connected to casing.
2. detection method that detects the inverter of solar panel and grid side insulation resistance; It is characterized in that: through the switch of combination boosting unit and inversion unit; The first step makes an end of relay K 1 be connected with PV+; Connect relay K 1 and relay K 5 simultaneously, make resistance R 1 be connected to PV+, finally can constitute first equivalent electric circuit: PV+ and be connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 and the equivalent resistance Rx1 parallel connection of PV+ to casing are again with the equivalent resistance Rx2 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV-to casing; Second step made relay K 2 be connected with PV-, connected relay K 2 simultaneously, made resistance R 1 be connected to PV-; Finally can constitute second equivalent electric circuit: PV-is connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 and the equivalent resistance Rx2 parallel connection of PV-to casing with the equivalent resistance Rx1 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV+ to casing, detect sampling resistor R1 with digital processing unit simultaneously and go up voltage again; The voltage that collects constantly according to difference calculates, and obtains real-time solar panel and grid side grounding resistance.
3. a kind of detection method that detects solar panel and grid side insulation resistance according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: concrete steps are following:
When switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 4, switch S 5, relay K 1, relay K 2, relay K 3, relay K 4, relay K 5 all are in off-state; Vpv, Vg are in the real-time monitoring; Suppose that Rx1, Rx2 equivalence are solar panel both positive and negative polarity insulating resistance value over the ground, Rx3, Rx4 equivalence are grid side L, N utmost point insulating resistance value over the ground;
(1), close switch S5, relay K 2, relay K 5 does not have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state; Sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage, is recorded as Ue1, and constitute second equivalent electric circuit: PV-and directly be connected with resistance R 1 this moment; Resistance R 1 elder generation and PV-are to the equivalent resistance Rx2 parallel connection of casing, again with the equivalent resistance Rx1 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV+ to casing, because PV+ is known to the voltage of PV-; The last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
(2), close switch S2, relay K 2, relay K 5 have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state, this moment, sampling resistor R1 went up voltage; Be recorded as Ue2, constitute first equivalent electric circuit: PV+ and directly be connected with resistance R 1 this moment, and resistance R 1 elder generation and PV+ are to the equivalent resistance Rx1 parallel connection of casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx2 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of PV-to casing; Because PV+ is known to the voltage of PV-, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
(3), closing relay K4, relay K 5 does not have triggering signal, other switch is in off-state; Sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage; Write down mean value and called after Ue3 in the line voltage cycle, constitute second equivalent electric circuit this moment: grid side N line directly is connected with resistance R 1, and resistance R 1 elder generation and N line are to the equivalent resistance Rx4 parallel connection of casing; Again with the equivalent resistance Rx3 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of L line to casing; Because electrical network L line can detect at the mean value of an electrical network in the cycle the voltage of N line, the last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
（3）；
In the formula Ug1 be with Ue3 with the line voltage sample mean in the period;
(4), closing relay K3, relay K 5 have triggering signal; Other switch is in off-state, and sampling resistor R1 goes up voltage, writes down mean value and called after Ue4 in the line voltage cycle; Constitute first equivalent electric circuit this moment: grid side L line directly is connected with resistance R 1; Resistance R 1 elder generation and L line are to the equivalent resistance Rx3 parallel connection of casing, again with the equivalent resistance Rx4 series connection formation electric resistance partial pressure of N line to casing, owing to the voltage of electrical network L line to the N line can detect at the mean value of an electrical network in the cycle; The last voltage of R1 also can detect, and can obtain equation according to the electric resistance partial pressure formula:
In the formula Ug be with Ue4 with the line voltage sample mean in the period;
(5), with equation (1) (2) simultaneous; The anode PV+ of solar panel can be tried to achieve to the negative terminal PV-of the insulating resistance value Rx1 of casing, the solar panel insulating resistance value Rx2 value to casing in solve an equation (1), (2); Wherein sampling resistor R1 is the resistance of the auxiliary detection that adds, and its resistance is much smaller than resistance R x1, resistance R x2, and its value size can be chosen according to the insulation resistance critical value of standard code; Influence degree according to resistance R 1 and 2 pairs of certainties of measurement of resistance R; Select its value to be 1/1000 of the critical value of standard code, like this at resistance R 1 or resistance R 2 and tested resistance R x1 with after resistance R x2 is parallelly connected, its parallelly connected value equals perhaps resistance R 2 of resistance R 1 basically; Thereby make formula (1) (2) set up; In like manner grid side L line can be tried to achieve to the insulating resistance value Rx3 of casing, the grid side N line insulating resistance value Rx4 to casing in simultaneous equations (3), (4), and grid side N line is direct-connected with the earth usually, so the Rx3 value should be very little.
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