CN102723741A - Grid connection presynchronization control method of microgrid inverter based on droop control - Google Patents

Grid connection presynchronization control method of microgrid inverter based on droop control Download PDF

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CN102723741A
CN102723741A CN2012101247642A CN201210124764A CN102723741A CN 102723741 A CN102723741 A CN 102723741A CN 2012101247642 A CN2012101247642 A CN 2012101247642A CN 201210124764 A CN201210124764 A CN 201210124764A CN 102723741 A CN102723741 A CN 102723741A
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voltage
phase
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power networks
microgrid
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张中锋
陈新
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ZHONGTIAN PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention relates to a grid connection presynchronization control method of a microgrid inverter based on droop control. When the microgrid operates in island, as a voltage source type inverter which functions as the support in the microgrid works in accordance with droop characteristic, a microgrid voltage has a deviation from a high power grid voltage; and the problem of synchronization between the microgrid voltage and the high power grid voltage during the grid connection is the key to realize smooth switchover. The grid connection presynchronization control method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: obtaining frequency and phase position information of the high power grid voltage through a three phase software phase-locked loop (SPLL); carrying out dq (Direct Quadrate) conversion to an output voltage of the inverter based on a power grid voltage phase obtained from the locked phase; subsequently carrying out PI (Physical Impairment) regulation on a q-axis component; overlapping a synchronization angle frequency output by a PI regulator with an angle frequency generated by the droop control to be used as a reference angle frequency of the output voltage of the inverter; and finally realizing the tracking and synchronization of the output voltage of the microgrid inverter to the high power grid voltage through the closed-loop control. The impact current during the grid connection is avoided effectively.

Description

The presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks based on the microgrid inverter of sagging control
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks of the microgrid inverter based on sagging control, belong to the microgrid adverser control technology in the power conversion technology.
Background technology
Distributed power source being inserted big electrical network with the form of microgrid be incorporated into the power networks, is the effective way that realizes the distributed power generation large-scale application.Microgrid exists and to be incorporated into the power networks and two kinds of typical mode of operation of isolated island, when little electrical network is in when being incorporated into the power networks pattern, the voltage and frequency support of rigidity is provided by big electrical network; When big electrical network breaks down or the quality of power supply when not satisfying burden requirement, little electrical network breaks off and being connected of big electrical network, and changes the islet operation pattern over to, and this moment, the microgrid builtin voltage lost the support of big electrical network with frequency, need serve as the voltage source role by the little power supply in microgrid inside.Three-phase microgrid inverter based on sagging (droop) control method; Output presents the characteristic of voltage source; Can provide voltage and frequency to support for the microgrid under the islet operation pattern; And therefore the power-balance in the time of can realizing that automatically the microgrid system power changes based on local information between power supply and the load has obtained extensive studies and application under microgrid.
Through the control of the switch that is incorporated into the power networks in microgrid and big electrical network points of common connection (PCC) port, can realize the microgrid conversion with the islet operation pattern of being incorporated into the power networks.When being incorporated into the power networks mode switch, owing to can depart from according to the voltage source inverter output voltage of droop characteristic work and big line voltage under the isolated island pattern, between the two stationary problem is to realize the key that takes over seamlessly to microgrid therefore and in the network process by isolated island.
Impact in order to solve the grid-connected current that causes owing to line voltage is asynchronous with microgrid voltage in the prior art; Often pass through detection technique; Inconsistent to microgrid voltage and big line voltage frequency and phase place; Seek the minimum relatively moment closure of both zero crossings and the phase difference switch that is incorporated into the power networks, thereby drop to minimum to the impulse current in the mode switch process; Perhaps be incorporated into the power networks constantly, be incorporated into the power networks,, again this current-limiting resistance is being excised after the completion of waiting to be incorporated into the power networks to reduce the combined floodgate moment impact electric current that is incorporated into the power networks through locate to insert a current-limiting resistance on the circuit at points of common connection (PCC).Because said method fails to realize that the tracking of inverter output voltage and line voltage is synchronous, impact so can not fundamentally suppress grid-connected current.
The present invention proposes a kind of presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks of the microgrid inverter based on sagging control; After receiving the command signal that is incorporated into the power networks when the inverter that moves under the isolated island pattern; Be incorporated into the power networks presynchronization control of startup; Realize phase place and the frequency tracking of inverter output voltage with sagging control acting in conjunction to big line voltage, after treating to accomplish synchronously, the closure switch that is incorporated into the power networks again; Fundamentally suppressed the also rush of current of network process, thereby helped realizing that microgrid is by isolated island pattern taking over seamlessly to the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has been intended to propose a kind of presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks of the microgrid inverter based on sagging control, in order to solve microgrid by the isolated island pattern when being incorporated into the power networks mode switch, the microgrid voltage and the stationary problem of line voltage greatly.
The step of the concrete technical scheme of the present invention is following:
(1), obtains amplitude, frequency and the phase information of big line voltage through three-phase software phase-lock loop (SPLL) technology.Three-phase software phase-lock loop principle is for to pass through α β conversion and dq conversion with three phase network voltage successively; Wherein the dq conversion is employed is the output of phase-locked loop with reference to angle; Then q axle component being PI regulates; The output of pi regulator and natural angular frequency addition obtain the output angle frequency, again through obtaining final output phase θ after the integral element Grid, regulate through aforesaid negative feedback, finally obtain the synchronous fully of phase-locked loop output phase angle and input signal, realize accurate lock phase to line voltage.
(2) this programme directly utilizes the phase angle θ of the line voltage that step (1) obtains Grid, according to following formula to inverter three-phase output voltage u Oa, u Ob, u OcDo the dq conversion:
u d u q = 2 3 cos θ grid cos ( θ grid - 2 π 3 ) cos ( θ grid + 2 π 3 ) - sin θ grid - sin ( θ grid - 2 π 3 ) - sin ( θ grid + 2 π 3 ) u oa u ob u oc - - - ( 4 )
Then with its q axle component u qRegulate with reference to carrying out PI with zero, obtain the synchro angle frequencies omega by the output of pi regulator Sync
(3) utilize step (2) to obtain the synchro angle frequencies omega SyncThe angular frequency that generates with sagging control superposes; Reference angle frequency as inverter output voltage; And then under sagging control and the presynchronization that is incorporated into the power networks control acting in conjunction synthetic inverter output reference voltage, obtain the reference angle frequency and the reference amplitude of inverter output voltage by following two formulas:
ω＝ω 0+ω sync-m(P-P 0) (5)
V＝V 0-n(Q-Q 0) (6)
Wherein: m, n is corresponding to gain merit-frequency and the sagging coefficient of idle-voltage; P 0, Q 0, ω 0,, V 0Be the pairing active power of sagging control rated operation point, reactive power, angular frequency and voltage magnitude; ω SyncSynchro angle frequency for the output of presynchronization control unit; ω,, V is the reference angle frequency and the reference amplitude of inverter output voltage, and this reference angle frequency can obtain the fixed phase of output voltage through integral element.
Control with reference to inverter output voltage being done voltage close loop according to above gained; Realize inverter output voltage to the tracking of big line voltage with synchronously; Voltage close loop has improved rapidity and the stability to inverter output voltage control; Also can on the outer voltage basis, add current inner loop here, further improve the dynamic characteristic of system.
(4) in above-mentioned tracking and synchronizing process; The execution logic detection algorithm that is incorporated into the power networks; Its operation principle is: utilize phase place, amplitude and the angular frequency of the line voltage that step (1) obtains and phase place, amplitude and the angular frequency of the inverter output reference voltage that step (2) (3) obtains, calculate phase difference, difference in magnitude and angular frequency rate variance between line voltage and the inverter output reference voltage in real time through the computing module, above difference is input to the logic decision module that is incorporated into the power networks; Judge that each difference is whether in the error range of prescribed by standard that is incorporated into the power networks; When satisfying when being incorporated into the power networks standard, send control signal, the closure switch that is incorporated into the power networks.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) in the pre-synchronization method that is incorporated into the power networks of the present invention; Employing is accomplished the lock phase to line voltage based on the three-phase software phase-lock loop technology (SPLL) of dq synchronous coordinate conversion, and it is high that software phase-lock loop has stability, the advantage that tracking velocity is fast; And exist under the situation such as harmonic wave and imbalance in the three-phase input; Still show good lock phase performance, can also directly obtain amplitude, phase place and the frequency information of line voltage in addition through this phase-locked loop, can in other function algorithm of system, obtain to use.
(2) the present invention directly is applied to electric network voltage phase the dq synchronous coordinate conversion of inverter output voltage; Through its q axle component is obtained the synchro angle frequency with zero with reference to doing the PI adjusting; The thought of three-phase software phase-lock loop is fully used for reference and used to this method for synchronous, improved rapidity and stability that inverter output voltage is followed the trail of electric network voltage phase;
(3) the logic detection algorithm that is incorporated into the power networks among the present invention guarantees just to carry out the action of being incorporated into the power networks when being incorporated into the power networks standard-required satisfying, and has improved and the fail safe of network process, and the decision logic of algorithm is simple and reliable in addition, is easy to the software realization.
To sum up; The presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks of using that the present invention proposes based on the microgrid inverter of sagging control; Rapidity and stability that inverter output voltage is followed the trail of line voltage have been improved; Fundamentally suppressed the also rush of current of network process, thereby helped realizing that microgrid is by isolated island pattern taking over seamlessly to the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall control structure block diagram of three-phase microgrid inverter.
Fig. 2 is three phase network voltage software phase-lock loop (SPLL) schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 follows the trail of sketch map for the microgrid inverter output voltage to line voltage synchronously.
Fig. 4 is the logic detection algorithm principle figure that is incorporated into the power networks.
Fig. 5 is MATLAB simulation model figure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is MATLAB simulation result figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:
The overall control structure block diagram of three-phase microgrid inverter is as shown in Figure 1, the main designation of main circuit: (1) U Dc---input direct voltage.(2) C a, C b, C c---the three-phase filter capacitor.(3) L a, L b, L c---the three-phase filter inductance.(4) L Ga, L Gb, L Gc---the inductance of grid side, mainly form by the equivalent inductance of line inductance and transformer.The three-phase inverter output is connected on the microgrid feeder line, and microgrid is connected with big electrical network through points of common connection (PCC).For realize microgrid by the isolated island pattern to the taking over seamlessly of the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, on the basis of original sagging control, increased the presynchronization control unit that is incorporated into the power networks.Sagging control strategy is through detecting inverter three-phase output voltage u Oa, u Ob, u OcWith three-phase output current i Oa, i Ob, i OcCalculate active power of output P and reactive power Q according to the three-phase instantaneous power theory then; And then obtain output voltage reference angle frequency w and reference amplitude V through meritorious-angular frequency (P-w) and idle-voltage (Q-V) droop characteristic; Through voltage close loop control and SPWM modulation technique, make inverter output voltage track reference voltage then.
On sagging control basis,, the present invention proposes a kind of presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks, like being incorporated into the power networks shown in the presynchronization unit frame of broken lines among the figure one for the solution stationary problem that is incorporated into the power networks.At first obtain electric network voltage phase θ through software phase-lock loop (SPLL) technology Grid, angular frequency Grid, amplitude V MgridThree-phase software phase-lock loop principle is as shown in Figure 2, earlier three-phase is imported electrical network v Ga, v Gb, v GcThrough α β conversion, obtain v G α, v Gb β, pass through the dq conversion again, wherein the dq conversion is employed is the output θ of phase-locked loop with reference to angle Grid, can know d axle component v by the synchronous coordinate transformation theory GdBe the amplitude components of line voltage, be designated as V here MgridQ axle component v GqBe the phase component of line voltage, then q axle component regulated the output of pi regulator and natural frequency ω with zero with reference to being PI Ff(generally being taken as specified angular frequency 100 π of line voltage) addition obtains the output angle frequencies omega Grid, again through obtaining final output phase θ after the integral element Grid, regulate through aforesaid negative feedback, finally obtain phase-locked loop output phase angle θ GridWith input signal fully synchronously, realize accurate lock phase to line voltage.
On the basis of above-mentioned line voltage lock phase, inverter output voltage is as shown in Figure 3 to the synchronous tracing process of line voltage.θ GridAnd ω GridBe the phase place and the angular frequency of line voltage, θ InvAnd ω InvBe the phase place and the angular frequency of inverter output reference voltage,, make line voltage and inverter output voltage phase difference θ and angular frequency rate variance Δ ω between the two trend towards 0 gradually through the presynchronization control of being incorporated into the power networks.The method of following the trail of has synchronously been used for reference the thought of software phase-lock loop, like being incorporated into the power networks shown in the presynchronization unit in Fig. 1 frame of broken lines: with the lock phase of line voltage θ as a result GridBe applied in the dq conversion of inverter output voltage, q axle component carried out PI regulate, the synchro angle frequencies omega of pi regulator output SyncWith the angular frequency stack of the generation of sagging control, as the angular frequency of inverter output reference voltage.Considering in addition that the microgrid inverter possibly have at the machine end starts the presynchronization control unit under the situation of load, for preventing set end voltage and frequency generation big ups and downs in the synchronizing process, tackle the output of pi regulator and carry out amplitude limit.
To carry out the action of being incorporated into the power networks in order guaranteeing to be incorporated into the power networks again after presynchronization is accomplished, to be provided with the logic detection algorithm that is incorporated into the power networks.The operation principle of the logic detection that is incorporated into the power networks algorithm is as shown in Figure 4: through the line voltage phase-locked loop, and the phase theta of the line voltage that obtains Grid, amplitude V MgridAnd angular frequency GridThe phase theta of the inverter output reference voltage that obtains through sagging control and the presynchronization that is incorporated into the power networks control acting in conjunction Inv, amplitude V MinvAnd angular frequency Inv, the computing module can calculate the phase difference θ between line voltage and the inverter output reference voltage in real time, difference in magnitude Δ V mWith angular frequency rate variance Δ ω, above difference is input to the logic decision module that is incorporated into the power networks, judge each difference whether in the error range of prescribed by standard that is incorporated into the power networks, when satisfying when being incorporated into the power networks standard, send control signal, the closure switch that is incorporated into the power networks.
According to method as stated, build MATLAB simulation model as shown in Figure 5, wherein control algolithm has all adopted the modular encapsulation of Simulink, and the microgrid inverter is worked down in the acting in conjunction of sagging control and presynchronization control.Can find out that by simulation result Fig. 6 the phase difference between microgrid inverter output voltage and the line voltage constantly dwindles, and final the realization synchronously, the validity of having verified that the present invention proposes based on the presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks of the microgrid inverter of sagging control.

Claims (4)

1. presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks based on the microgrid inverter of sagging control is characterized in that being made up of following several steps:
(1), obtains amplitude, frequency and the phase information of big line voltage through three-phase software phase-lock loop (SPLL);
(2) electric network voltage phase that obtains in the step (1) is applied to the dq conversion of inverter output voltage, then its q axle component is regulated with reference to being PI with zero, obtain the synchro angle frequency by the output of pi regulator;
(3) angular frequency with synchro angle frequency that obtains in the step (2) and sagging control generation superposes; Reference angle frequency as inverter output voltage; And then under sagging control and the presynchronization that is incorporated into the power networks control acting in conjunction synthetic inverter output reference voltage; Then inverter output voltage is done voltage close loop control, realize inverter output voltage to the tracking of big line voltage with synchronously;
(4) in above-mentioned tracking and synchronizing process, carry out the logic detection algorithm that is incorporated into the power networks, to be checked measure synchronous completion after, send the switch closure control signal that is incorporated into the power networks, completion is incorporated into the power networks, the presynchronization that is incorporated into the power networks simultaneously control is out of service.
2. the presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks according to claim 1 is directly utilized the phase angle θ of the three phase network voltage that step (1) obtains in step (2) Grid, according to following formula to inverter three-phase output voltage u Oa, u Ob, u OcDo the dq conversion:
u d u q = 2 3 cos θ grid cos ( θ grid - 2 π 3 ) cos ( θ grid + 2 π 3 ) - sin θ grid - sin ( θ grid - 2 π 3 ) - sin ( θ grid + 2 π 3 ) u oa u ob u oc - - - ( 1 )
Then with its q axle component u qRegulate with reference to carrying out PI with zero, obtain the synchro angle frequencies omega by the output of pi regulator Sync
3. the presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks according to claim 1 utilizes step (2) to obtain the synchro angle frequencies omega in step (3) Sync, calculate the reference angle frequency and the reference amplitude of inverter output voltage by following two formulas:
ω＝ω 0+ω sync-m(P-P 0) (2)
V＝V 0-n(Q-Q 0) (3)
Wherein: m, n is corresponding to gain merit-frequency and the sagging coefficient of idle-voltage; P 0, Q 0, ω 0,, V 0Be the pairing active power of sagging control rated operation point, reactive power, angular frequency and voltage magnitude; ω SyncSynchro angle frequency for the output of presynchronization control unit; ω, V are the reference angle frequency and the reference amplitude of inverter output voltage, and this reference angle frequency can obtain the fixed phase of output voltage through an integral element.
4. the presynchronization control method that is incorporated into the power networks according to claim 1; The logic detection algorithm operation principle that is incorporated into the power networks performed in step (4) is: utilize phase place, amplitude and the angular frequency of the line voltage that step (1) obtains and phase place, amplitude and the angular frequency of the inverter output reference voltage that step (2) (3) obtains; Calculate phase difference, difference in magnitude and angular frequency rate variance between line voltage and the inverter output reference voltage in real time through the computing module; Above difference is input to the logic decision module that is incorporated into the power networks, judges each difference whether in the error range of prescribed by standard that is incorporated into the power networks, when satisfying when being incorporated into the power networks standard; Send control signal, the closure switch that is incorporated into the power networks.
CN2012101247642A 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 Grid connection presynchronization control method of microgrid inverter based on droop control Pending CN102723741A (en)

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