Background technology
Power electronic technology constantly develops in recent years, needing to be widely used in the every field of transformation of electrical energy.At the low power electrical domain of using of low pressure, it is ripe that power electronic technology is tending towards, and in the high-power application, many level power converter technique becomes the core and the hot issue of research gradually.
The multilevel technology is a kind of by improving the new converter that converter self topological structure realizes that high-power is exported, and it need not step-up transformer and all presses transforming circuit.Because the output-voltage levels number increases, and makes output waveform have better harmonic spectrum, the voltage stress that each switching device bore reduces.The multilevel technology has become in the power electronic technology, is transformed to a new research field of research object with high-power.Why multi-level converter becomes the research focus of high-power conversion, is because it has following characteristics:
(1) each power device only bears 1/(n-1) busbar voltage (n is a level number);
(2) increase of level number has improved output voltage waveforms, has reduced output voltage waveforms distortion (THD);
(3) can with lower switching frequency obtain with high switching frequency under the identical output voltage waveforms of two level converters, thereby reduced switching loss;
(4) need not output transformer, reduced the volume and the loss of system greatly.
Many level PWMs converter can effectively suppress the high order harmonic component that PWM control is caused, the low-order harmonic that contains in the stairstepping voltage of PWM control can the minimizing many level PWMs converter output, so the two is in conjunction with obtaining best spectral characteristic.Along with distributed power source, renewable energy power generation is incorporated into the power networks, and discharges and recharges and the development of technology such as energy storage, and many level PWMs converter applications degree is further deepened, and is high-power, that the scale engineering is used is imperative.Yet the method for many level PWMs converter using modular system expansion capacity in parallel has run into problem.Because the general pair closed-loop control strategies that adopt of many level PWMs converter, outer shroud is controlled the VD U of many level PWMs converter
Dc, interior ring control change device net top-cross stream electric current; And satisfying constant control direct voltage U
DcTarget under, the conversion of energy automatic bidirectional, that is: when dc voltage was higher than set-point, in the time of controller action, energy was automatically from DC side flow-reversal device net side; When dc voltage is lower than set-point, in the time of controller action, energy automatically from converter net effluent to DC side.Because given parameter of each converter and the dispersiveness of regulating parameter, may cause the tiny difference of given parameter, and the adjusting parameter is inconsistent, when two or more many level PWMs converters are in parallel, at synchronization, portion convertor may occur and be operated in rectification state, portion convertor is operated in inverter mode.Because the internal resistance of each many level PWMs converter is all minimum, the situation of this partial rectification, part inversion may form big circulation between many level PWMs converter of parallel connection, light then influence the operate as normal of converter, influence the stability of whole system, reduce the performance of system; Heavy then harm, even damage the parallel-connection structure of many level PWMs of three-phase converter.Therefore, generally do not allow many level PWMs converter parallel operation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of consistency problem that can solve many level PWMs converter energy flow direction in parallel, avoid the generation of circulation, and can solve the parallel-connection structure of many level PWMs of three-phase converter of many level PWMs converter parallel current-sharing difficult problem.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems:
A kind of parallel-connection structure of many level PWMs of three-phase converter, it comprises many level PWMs of three-phase converter and control circuit unit, digital signal processor and three-phase alternating current source circuit more than 2; It also comprises 1 public unified voltage regulator; Connect described three-phase alternating current source circuit after the input parallel connection of described each many level PWMs of three-phase converter and control circuit unit thereof, meet same load R after its output parallel connection
LDescribed unified voltage regulator is made up of voltage sampling circuit, voltage sensor, the 3rd adder and outer loop voltag pi regulator; Described voltage sampling circuit and described load R
LIn parallel, the output of described voltage sampling circuit successively through described voltage sensor, the 3rd adder connect described outside the input of loop voltag pi regulator, the direct current of another each many level PWMs of three-phase converter of input termination of described the 3rd adder is exported given voltage U
Dc *, the output of described outer loop voltag pi regulator connects the respective input of the control circuit in described each many level PWMs of three-phase converter and the control circuit unit thereof respectively.
Described three-phase alternating current source circuit is by A phase, B phase, C phase, the resistance R of three-phase alternating-current supply
3-R
5, inductance L
1-L
3Form; The last underarm junction a point of first brachium pontis of described many level PWMs of three-phase converter is successively through resistance R
3, inductance L
1Connect the A phase, the last underarm junction b point of its second brachium pontis is successively through resistance R
4, inductance L
2Connect the B phase, the last underarm junction c point of its 3rd brachium pontis is successively through resistance R
5, inductance L
3Connect the C phase, A phase, B phase, C are connected to central point N.
Described voltage sampling circuit is by resistance R
1With resistance R
2The bleeder circuit that is composed in series, resistance R
1With R
2Series connection back and described load R
LParallel connection, resistance R
1And resistance R
2Node connect the input of described voltage sensor.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the outer shroud voltage regulator of many level PWMs of three-phase converter that each is in parallel is independent, form a public unified voltage regulator, solve the consistency problem that each many level PWMs of three-phase converter energy flows to when parallel running, avoided the generation of circulation.
(2) control voltage as the given component of each many level PWMs of three-phase converter active current in parallel with the output of unifying voltage regulator, power factor or net side reactive power are scaled the given component of reactive current, each many level PWMs of three-phase converter using closed loop current control in parallel realizes current sharing control, the equal flow problem when having solved each many level PWMs of three-phase converter parallel running simultaneously.
(3) the present invention is applicable to high-power, scale electronic power conversion application scenario.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is the parallel-connection structure (referring to Fig. 1-4) of many level PWMs of three-phase converter (three-phase tri-level pwm converter).
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises many level PWMs of three-phase converter and control circuit unit and the digital signal processor more than 2; Also comprise 1 public unified voltage regulator; Connect same three-phase alternating current source circuit after the input parallel connection of described each many level PWMs of three-phase converter and control circuit unit thereof, meet same load R after its output parallel connection
LDescribed unified voltage regulator is made up of voltage sampling circuit 1, voltage sensor 2, the 3rd adder 3 and outer loop voltag pi regulator 4; Described voltage sampling circuit 1 and described load R
LIn parallel, the output of described voltage sampling circuit 1 successively through described voltage sensor 2, the 3rd adder 3 connect described outside the input of loop voltag pi regulator 4, the direct current of another each many level PWMs of three-phase converter of input termination of described the 3rd adder 3 is exported given voltage U
Dc *, the output of described outer loop voltag pi regulator 4 connects the respective input of the control circuit in described each many level PWMs of three-phase converter and the control circuit unit thereof respectively.。
Fig. 2 is the topology diagram of three-phase tri-level pwm converter main circuit, power switch pipe V
1~ V
12For containing the IGBT of inverse parallel diode, V
1And V
4Constitute first upper arm, V
7And V
10Constitute first underarm, V
2And V
5Constitute second upper arm, V
8And V
11Constitute second underarm, V
3And V
6Constitute the 3rd upper arm, V
9And V
12Constitute the 3rd underarm, first upper arm and the series connection of first underarm constitute first brachium pontis, and second upper arm and the series connection of second underarm constitute second brachium pontis, and the 3rd upper arm and the series connection of the 3rd underarm constitute the 3rd brachium pontis, and DC side is connected to filtering capacitor C
1, C
2, the first three-phase alternating-current supply live wire A is through resistance R
3, linear inductance L
1Insert the last underarm junction a point of first brachium pontis, the second three-phase alternating-current supply live wire B is through resistance R
4, linear inductance L
2Insert the last underarm junction b point of second brachium pontis, the 3rd three-phase alternating-current supply live wire C is through resistance R
5, linear inductance L
3Insert the last underarm junction c point of the 3rd brachium pontis; The three phase network electromotive force is e
a, e
b, e
c, three three-phase alternating-current supplies are connected in central point N.
The parallel-connection structure of described many level PWMs of three-phase converter is to compose in parallel (seeing Fig. 3-4) by N many level PWMs of three-phase converter and control circuit unit thereof.Be characterized in: the AC side of each convertor circuit is taken from same AC power circuit, and DC side parallel constitutes dc bus, shares DC load R jointly
L
Figure 3 shows that the theory diagram of the control circuit of many level PWMs of three-phase converter.Control method adopts two closed-loop controls based on the vector control technology of line voltage orientation, and outer shroud is a voltage control loop, and interior ring is the current on line side control ring.Now be described in detail as follows:
Outer shroud with the VD signal as the Voltage Feedback amount, through R
1And R
2Bleeder circuit dividing potential drop of forming and voltage sensor 2 obtain, and survey the given voltage U of output with direct current
Dc *Be the constant target, in the 3rd adder 3, compare that the output of the 3rd adder 3 is carried out ratio-integral processing through outer loop voltag pi regulator 4, output Control current i
d *Interior ring is divided into d axle PID adjuster 6 and q axle PID adjuster 5, and its process is earlier with the instantaneous alternating current i of three-phase
A,i
B,i
cThrough mathematic(al) manipulation, decoupling zero obtains and the equidirectional direct-current component i of voltage resultant vector
d, the direct-current component i vertical with the voltage resultant vector
qBecause i
dEquidirectional with the voltage resultant vector, so i
dBe called the active component of current, control i
dThe active power of scalable converter, and i
qBe called the reactive component of current, control i
qThe reactive power of scalable converter; With e
aBe example, promptly get e
aPhase voltage inserts phase-locked loop 8 and link 9 is calculated at the space vector phase angle, link 9 output sinusoidal quantity (sin θ are calculated at the space vector phase angle, sin (θ-120 °), sin (θ+120 °)), cosine amount (cos θ, cos (θ-120 °), cos (θ+120 °)) to dq/abc converter 12, dq/abc converter 12 is connected with many level PWMs of three-phase inverter main circuit through SVPWM signal generator 13; In the three-phase linear inductance L
1, L
2, L
3Each phase firewire 7 that is connected with the pwm converter main circuit connects current sensor 10 and abc/dq converter 11 respectively, and abc/dq converter 11 has two-way output signal, wherein i
qSignal is through first adder 14, q axle PID adjuster 5 output u
q *, i
dSignal is through second adder 15, d axle PID adjuster 6 output u
d *R in parallel between the positive and negative bus of direct current
1And R
2The bleeder circuit of forming, the output of described bleeder circuit is connected with second adder 15 through overvoltage sensor 2, the 3rd adder 3, outer loop voltag pi regulator 4.Described voltage sensor 2 adopts the Hall voltage transducer, and its model is SKIT_V25V6.Described the 3rd adder 3 and outer loop voltag pi regulator 4 realize that by software described software is installed in the described digital signal processor, and the model of described digital signal processor is 2812.
The concrete operation process now is described in detail as follows:
1. at first choose electrical network three-phase synthesized voltage vector as the directed benchmark of d axial vector, by phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit 8 real-time detection of grid A emf phase e
aPhase place, calculate link 9 through the space vector phase angle and determine the angular position theta of voltage oriented vector, try to achieve sinusoidal quantity (sin θ, sin (θ-120 °), sin (θ+120 °)), cosine amount (cos θ, cos (θ-120 °), cos (θ+120 °)) and with it export in abc/dq converter 11 and the dq/abc converter 12;
2. the alternating current i that extracts from each phase firewire 7
a, i
b, i
c, be the current feedback amount, behind current sensor 10, realize of the conversion of three phase static coordinate system by abc/dq converter 11 again, with the three-phase current i of phase place mutual deviation 120 to the two-phase synchronous rotating frame
a, i
b, i
cBe transformed to the biphase current i of phase place mutual deviation 90
d, i
q
3. abc/dq converter 11 is according to sinusoidal quantity (the sin θ of input, sin (θ-120 °), sin (θ+120 °)), cosine amount (cos θ, cos (θ-120 °), cos (θ+120 °)), realize of the conversion of abc three phase static coordinate system, finally be transformed to DC component i under the synchronous rotating frame to dq rotation synchronously ending coordinate system
d, i
q
4. the output i of loop voltag pi regulator 4 in addition
d *As the given parameter of d axle PID adjuster 6, the DC component i that the alternating current decoupling zero obtains
dAs the feedback of d axle PID adjuster 6, the output i of outer loop voltag pi regulator 4
d *The DC component i that obtains with the alternating current decoupling zero
dElder generation is through second adder 15, again through d axle PID adjuster 6 proportional-integral-differential computings output control voltage u
d *
5. the reactive current component i that converts with reactive power or power factor
q *As the given parameter of q axle PID adjuster 5, the DC component i that the alternating current decoupling zero obtains
qAs the feedback of q axle PID adjuster 5, reactive current component i
q *The DC component i that obtains with the alternating current decoupling zero
qEarlier through first adder 14, again through q axle PID adjuster 5 proportional-integral-differential computings output control voltage u
q *
6. dq/abc converter 12 conversion are according to sinusoidal quantity (the sin θ of input, sin (θ-120 °), sin (θ+120 °)), cosine amount (cos θ, cos (θ-120 °), cos (θ+120 °)), realize of the conversion of dq synchronous rotating frame, with the control voltage u of 6 outputs of d axle PID adjuster under the synchronous rotating frame to abc three phase static coordinate system
d *, q axle PID adjuster 5 output control voltage u
q *Be transformed to sinusoidal component u under the three phase static coordinate system
a *, u
b *, u
c *
7. again by after 13 pulse-width modulations of SVPWM signal generator, export the control signal of six road PWM inverter brachium pontis power tubes.
Because after the decoupling zero, the active power of many level PWMs of three-phase converter is directly proportional with d shaft current component, reactive power is directly proportional with q shaft current component, and its rule satisfies following relational expression (1), wherein U
GBe electrical network phase voltage effective value.
Therefore, control d shaft current component scalable active power is DC bus-bar voltage, control q shaft current component scalable reactive power or power factor realize the direct voltage of pwm converter and the independent control of net side reactive power, and make system have good static state and dynamic property.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment block diagram of many level PWMs of three-phase converter multiple unit parallel connection.The parallel-connection structure of described many level PWMs of multiple unit three-phase three-phase converter is composed in parallel by N many level PWMs of three-phase converter and control circuit unit thereof.Connect same AC power circuit after each many level PWMs of three-phase converter AC side parallel connection; Each many level PWMs of three-phase converter direct current output-parallel is to dc bus, and the key technology of its parallel running is:
1. the outer shroud voltage regulator of many level PWMs of three-phase converter that each is in parallel is independent, forms a public unified voltage regulator, specifically is as the Voltage Feedback amount, through R with the VD signal
1And R
2The bleeder circuit dividing potential drop of forming, voltage sensor 2, the 3rd adder 3, outer loop voltag pi regulator 4 obtain the Voltage Feedback amount, survey the given voltage U of output with direct current
Dc *Be the constant target, through outside loop voltag pi regulator 4 carry out ratio-integral processing after output Control current i
d *, as the given signal of each many level PWMs of three-phase converter closed loop current control d axle PID adjuster in parallel;
2. the closed loop current control of unit 1 in parallel is divided into d axle PID adjuster 6 and q shaft-type governor 5, to unify the output Control current i of voltage regulator
d *As the given signal of d axle PID adjuster 6, the DC component i that the alternating current decoupling zero obtains
dAs the feedback of d axle PID adjuster 6, output control voltage u after the 6 proportional-integral-differential computings of d axle PID adjuster
d *Reactive current component i with reactive power or power factor conversion
q *As the given signal of q axle PID adjuster 5, the DC component i that the alternating current decoupling zero obtains
qAs the feedback of q axle PID adjuster 5, output control voltage u after the 5 proportional-integral-differential computings of q axle PID adjuster
q *, the Current Vector Control process of unit 1 in parallel is concrete identical with the interior circular current vector control of above-mentioned many level PWMs of Fig. 3 three-phase converter.Unit 2 in parallel is identical with unit in parallel 1 to the operation principle of unit N in parallel.
Like this, on the one hand, the dispersiveness that has overcome the given parameter of many level PWMs of three-phase converter in parallel and regulated parameter, avoided that portion convertor is operated in rectification state in the parallel running process, portion convertor is operated in the active inversion state, got rid of form the factor of circulation between many level PWMs of three-phase converter in parallel; On the other hand, the control strategy of many level PWMs of three-phase converter that each is in parallel is reduced to the control of net top-cross stream current closed-loop, realized the sharing control between parallel connection converter in fact, thereby, the invention solves the consistency problem that each many level PWMs of three-phase converter energy flows to when parallel running, avoided the generation of circulation; Simultaneously, also solved the current-sharing difficult problem of many level PWMs of three-phase converter parallel connection, be the parallel connection of many level PWMs of three-phase converter multiple unit, realized that high-power, unitization, scale application provide technical guarantee.