CN102288481B - Vacuumizing loading equipment and test method thereof - Google Patents
Vacuumizing loading equipment and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102288481B CN102288481B CN201110194209.2A CN201110194209A CN102288481B CN 102288481 B CN102288481 B CN 102288481B CN 201110194209 A CN201110194209 A CN 201110194209A CN 102288481 B CN102288481 B CN 102288481B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to an airtight loading technology and relates to airtight load test loading equipment and an airtight load test loading method for a reinforced wall plate of an airplane. Vacuumizing loading equipment comprises a rubber block, a sealing gasket, a supporting box and a sealing box, wherein the rubber block is adhered to a skin edge on one surface of a long girder of the wall plate and flushed with bosses at two ends of the wall plate; the sealing block is adhered to the rubber block and a floor beam; the supporting box is adhered to the inside of the rubber block; a fixing bolt which is used for fixing the supporting box is arranged at the top of the supporting box; the sealing box is in adhered connection with the rubber block and sleeve outside the supporting box; and a hole and an opening, which correspond to the supporting box, are reserved in the sealing box. The invention has the advantages that: during test of the supporting box, the skin of the wall plate cannot be deformed through isolation of the rubber block; because the own rigidity of the rubber block is quite low, requirements of only application of an airtight load without change of boundary conditions of the wall plate can be met; and the reliability and stability of loading test and the accuracy of a test result are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to airtight load loading technique, relate to a kind of airtight load test loading equipemtn and loading method thereof of aircraft Material Stiffened Panel.
Background technology
Aircraft Load load test is an important topic of strength of aircraft test, when detecting aircraft central wing intensity, must carry out load load test especially.Refer to Fig. 1, it is the schematic diagram of prior art central wing wainscot structure and load thereof.The central wing wainscot 100 of certain type civil aircraft comprises covering 101, long purlin 102, boss 103 and joist 104.Wherein, covering 101 is arranged on long purlin 102, becomes wall panel structure, bear the airtight load 106 in compressive load 105 and main cabin, and its upper and lower both sides arranges respectively boss 103 and joist 104.Wherein, boss 103 guarantees that compressive load 105 is applied in the centre of form of wallboard, and all the other areas except boss 103 are subject to airtight load 106.
The wing Material Stiffened Panel of considering supercharging load compresses the actual stand under load that stability test can be simulated central wing wainscot more realistically.But supercharging load applies with airing form, the interference because the test of joist overhanging end place is supported, cannot implement airing form.
In order addressing this problem, must there is the one side of long purlin to adopt at wallboard and vacuumize mode, realize supercharging load and load.Requirement on vacuum box is: at the two ends of wallboard, can not affect the loading of compressive load; In the centre of wallboard, can not hinder the side direction Free Transform of wallboard; At the side of wallboard, can not produce the normal direction support of covering; The acting force that vacuum box surrounding can not be produced is passed to wallboard.
With vacuum box, carry out an example of airtight load load test at the NASA of the U.S..R.G.Pettit etc., in being numbered the document of NASA/CR-2000-209342 " Validated Feasibility Study of Integrally Stiffened Metallic Fuselage Panels for Reducing Manufacturing Costs ", having introduced and with vacuum box, fuselage Material Stiffened Panel have been loaded the test of airtight load.In this test, vacuum box contacts with fuselage wall panel skin, when vacuumizing, vacuum box is subject to the external pressure of the poor generation of inner and outer air pressure, and this pressure passes through the contact action of vacuum box surrounding and wall panel skin to covering, thereby fuselage wall panel skin is produced to acting force; Vacuum box provides normal direction support to the surrounding border of fuselage wall panel skin simultaneously, thereby has changed the boundary condition of wallboard.The technology of this test, because vacuum box provides normal direction support and vacuum box surrounding acting force to be passed to the reason of wallboard to wallboard border, cannot meet the requirement of central wing wainscot compression stability test.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: the invention provides a kind of reliable and stable, on wallboard impact little vacuumize loading equipemtn.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of load test method that vacuumizes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of loading equipemtn that vacuumizes, it comprises block rubber, sealing gasket, supporting case, seal box, described block rubber sticks on the covering edge of the long purlin of wallboard one side, it is concordant with the boss at wallboard two ends, described sealing gasket is bonded on block rubber and boss, described supporting case is pasting the inner side of block rubber and is placing, and supporting case top is provided with the set bolt for fixed support box, seal box and sealing gasket are bonding, and be enclosed within supporting case outside, and on seal box, leave and the corresponding perforate of supporting case and opening.
Described supporting case opening is disposed with from inside to outside rubber ring, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, rubber ring and steel trim ring and fixes by set bolt.
There are two transversal reinforcements and two longitudinal reinforcements in supporting case inside.
The little 10mm of inner length of the Length Ratio seal box of supporting case, prevents that shorten rear support box and wallboard of wallboard pressurized from interfering.
Supporting case is steel design, by four contour cushion blocks, is supported.
Vacuumize a load test method, it comprises the steps:
Step 1: steel-made support box is placed into block rubber inner side, supports itself and wall panel skin are kept at a distance with cushion block, block rubber is sticked with glue to the covering edge that agent bonds to the long purlin of Material Stiffened Panel one side, make block rubber concordant with boss;
Step 2: sealing gasket is bonded on block rubber and boss;
Step 3: seal box is enclosed within on steel-made support box, then seal box is bonded on sealing gasket;
Step 4: the foil gauge slotted line of the long purlin of wallboard one side is sealed inside and outside line outlet after line outlet is drawn, then the interface of bleeding, venting interface and sensor interface are installed;
Step 5: successively rubber ring, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, rubber ring and steel trim ring are installed to the opening part on seal box, with fastening nuts steel trim ring, seal this opening, nut is installed on set bolt, the perforate of sealing set bolt;
Step 6: the testpieces after sealing is completed is cured, after having solidified, on the interface of bleeding, connect exhaust tube, at venting interface mounting ball valve, and close this valve, at sensor interface setting pressure sensor, on ground, in the face of being evacuated down to maximum airtight load, testpieces carries out airtight test, after airtight inspection finishes, slowly open ball valve and exit to testpieces, again close ball valve after completing venting;
Step 7: together with the part that testpieces is installed with above-mentioned steps, at right angle setting is to compression test, again supporting case is connected on the column that is fixed on ground through set bolt, swivel nut, screw rod, then open rectangular aperture and take out four cushion blocks, reinstall rubber ring, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, rubber ring and steel trim ring, complete the sealing to rectangular aperture, finally foil gauge slotted line is connected with measuring equipment;
Step 8: during test, first wallboard is applied to airtight load, be evacuated down to peak suction, keep air pressure constant, then wallboard is applied to compressive load, until wallboard unstable failure, in process of the test, the strain measurement value of recording compressed load, airtight load and structure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: steel supporting case of the present invention at the trial, isolation due to block rubber, leave 40 millimeters of wallboards, therefore do not affect the distortion of wallboard, and the rigidity of block rubber own is very little, does not increase the rigidity of wallboard, thereby can meet the requirement that only adds airtight load and do not change the boundary condition of wallboard, especially the pressure that vacuum box is not subject to when vacuumizing is passed to wallboard by box surrounding again, thereby has guaranteed the reliability and stability of load test and the precision of test findings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of prior art central wing wainscot structure and load thereof;
Fig. 2 is the front view that the present invention vacuumizes loading equipemtn one better embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Status of support schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is vacuum box test,
Wherein, 100-central wing wainscot, 101-covering, the long purlin of 102-, 103-boss, 104-joist, 105-compressive load, the airtight load of 106-, 201-block rubber, 202-rubber gasket, 300-supporting case, 301-set bolt, 302M10 bolt, 303-transversal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement of 304-, 305-cushion block, 400-seal box, 501-sensor interface, 502-line outlet, the 503-interface of bleeding, the 504-interface of exitting, 505-rubber ring, 506-poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, 507-steel trim ring.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, wherein, Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention vacuumizes loading equipemtn one better embodiment, and Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.This vacuumizes loading equipemtn and is mainly the vacuum box being assemblied on central wing wainscot, and it comprises block rubber 201, sealing gasket 202, supporting case 300, seal box 400, cushion block 305, rubber ring 505, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506, steel trim ring 507, sensor interface 501, line outlet 502, bleed interface 503 and venting interface 504.
Wherein, two rectangular rubber piece 201(40mm * 47.5mm) stick on covering 101 edges simultaneously, the long purlin of wallboard, be the vital part of vacuum load equipment.Described block rubber 201 is concordant with the boss 103 at wallboard two ends, and a thick rubber gasket 202 of 2mm is bonded on block rubber 201 and boss 103, is convenient to sealing, air tight to guarantee the sealing between seal box 400 and central wing wainscot 100.Described block rubber 201 does not increase the rigidity on wallboard border, therefore can not increase the axial load carrying capacity 105 of central wing wainscot 100.In addition, the bonding area that has reduced airtight load 106 of block rubber 201, but this result is acceptable in engineering.Meanwhile, block rubber 201 can avoid seal box to be directly bonded on covering, and its lateral pressure being subject to is by steel-made support box sidewall balance, thereby covering is not produced to bending load.
Supporting case 300 is steel design, and place the inner side that nestles up two block rubbers 201, during installation, with four contour cushion blocks 305, supports.Before test, through the rectangular aperture at supporting case 300 middle parts, take out four cushion blocks 305, the Free Transform when guaranteeing wallboard pressurized is not subject to the impact of supporting case 300.
There are two transversal reinforcements 303 and two longitudinal reinforcements 304 in supporting case 300 inside, to strengthen the rigidity of supporting case; 4 perforates are left in both sides, for outlet and sensor installation interface 501, bleed interface 503 and intake interface 504.The height of supporting case is 100mm, is convenient to install each interface, and supporting case 300 be above provided with two for being connected and fixed the set bolt 301 of supporting case, in present embodiment, be M36 bolt.The rectangular aperture of supporting case 300 is disposed with rubber ring 505, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506, rubber ring 505 and steel trim ring 507 around from inside to outside, and for mounting and dismounting 12 M10 bolts 302 of above-mentioned rubber ring 505, steel trim ring 507 and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506.
When wallboard pressurized, block rubber 201, with covering 101 distortion, can slide with respect to supporting case 300, and 300 pairs of block rubbers 201 of supporting case provide lateral support, the pressure that balance block rubber 201 outsides are subject to.
On sealing gasket 202, be bonded with seal box 400, in present embodiment, sealing box is the thick rubber box of 10mm that rubber slab is made, for maintaining vacuum state.Seal box 400 is enclosed within supporting case 300 outsides, and supporting case 300 supports seal boxes 400, prevents that it from being inhaled flat when vacuumizing.The little 10mm of inner length of the Length Ratio seal box 400 of supporting case 300, prevents that shorten rear support box 300 of wallboard pressurized from interfering with wallboard.And on seal box 400, leave and the corresponding perforate of supporting case 300 and opening.
Refer to Fig. 5, status of support schematic diagram when it is vacuum box test.During real work, wallboard and vacuum box thereof are installed to after compression test, supporting case 300 is connected on the column 603 that is fixed on ground through two M36 bolts, swivel nut 601, screw rod 602.Then take out four cushion blocks 305, then poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506, rubber ring 505 and steel trim ring 507 are installed are completed the sealing to supporting case.
Provide the detailed process that the present invention vacuumizes load test method, its step is as follows,
Step 1: steel-made support box 300 is placed into design attitude, with cushion block 305, supports the distance that makes itself and wall panel skin keep 40mm, with guarantee block rubber 201 bonding after not with the both sides interference of supporting case 300 and the Free Transform on covering 101 borders.Block rubber 201 is sticked with glue to covering 101 edges that agent bonds to the long purlin of Material Stiffened Panel 100 one side, make block rubber 201 concordant with boss 103, as shown in Figure 3.
Step 2: rubber gasket 202 is bonded on block rubber 201 and boss 103.
Step 3: seal box 400 is enclosed within on steel-made support box 300, then seal box is bonded on rubber gasket 202.The bonding plane that should guarantee seal box 400 when bonding is open and flat, to guarantee the sealing of bonding plane.
Step 4: the foil gauge slotted line of the long purlin of wallboard one side is sealed inside and outside line outlet 502 after line outlet 502 is drawn, then the interface 503 of bleeding, venting interface 504 and sensor interface 501 are installed.
Step 5: successively rubber ring 505, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506, rubber ring 505 and steel trim ring 507 are installed to the rectangular aperture place on seal box 400, with fastening nuts steel trim ring 507, seal this rectangular aperture.Nut is installed on two M36 bolts to the perforate of sealing set bolt 301.Testpieces after sealing is completed is placed on room temperature environment and within 72 hours, carries out normal temperature cure.
Step 6: after having solidified, on the interface 503 of bleeding, connect exhaust tube, at venting interface 504 mounting ball valves, and close this valve, at sensor interface setting pressure sensor, on ground, in the face of being evacuated down to maximum airtight load-0.88MPa, testpieces carries out airtight test.As find gas leakage, Gas leak position is carried out to outside leak stopping sealing with fluid sealant, until testpieces reaches air tight state.After airtight inspection finishes, slowly open ball valve and exit to testpieces, again close ball valve after completing venting.
Step 7: together with all parts that testpieces 100 and above-mentioned steps are installed at right angle setting to compression test, state as shown in Figure 5.Again supporting case 300 is connected on the column 603 that is fixed on ground through two M36 bolts, swivel nut 601, screw rod 602.Then open rectangular aperture and take out four cushion blocks 305, reinstall rubber ring 505, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506, rubber ring 505 and steel trim ring 507, complete the sealing to rectangular aperture.Finally foil gauge slotted line is connected with measuring equipment.
Step 8: during test, first wallboard is applied to airtight load 106, be evacuated down to peak suction-0.88MPa, keep air pressure constant, then wallboard is applied to compressive load 106, until wallboard unstable failure.In process of the test, the strain measurement value of the automatic recording compressed load of computing machine, airtight load and structure.
It is mainly by block rubber 201, supporting case 300 that the present invention meets the requirement only add airtight load and not change the boundary condition of wallboard, and seal box 400 is realized.And cushion block 305, venting interface 503, rubber ring 505, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 506, steel trim ring 507 be install to need subsidiary.Particularly wherein, block rubber 201, this part has 3 functions: 1 levels up the boss height that covering arrives, and is convenient to sealing; 2 itself do not increase the rigidity of covering, thereby do not increase the load-bearing capacity of wallboard; 3 its lateral pressures that are subject to are by steel-made support box sidewall balance, thereby covering are not produced to bending load.
In the stability test of the present invention under certain aircraft central wing Material Stiffened Panel axial compression and airtight load, after be evacuated down to-0.88MPa, keep pressure constant, load axial compression load, until wallboard unstable failure.Test pressure test result shows, sealing method can keep pressure to destroy just and leak gas to testpieces, and sealing effectiveness is reliable and stable.Because steel supporting case leaves 40 millimeters of wallboards (isolation of block rubber) at the trial, therefore do not affect the distortion of wallboard, the rigidity of block rubber own is very little, do not increase the rigidity of wallboard, thereby can meet the requirement that only adds airtight load and do not change the boundary condition of wallboard, especially the pressure that vacuum box is not subject to when vacuumizing is passed to wallboard by box surrounding again, has guaranteed the reliability and stability of test findings.
Claims (6)
1. one kind vacuumizes loading equipemtn, it is characterized in that: comprise block rubber [201], sealing gasket [202], supporting case [300], seal box [400], described block rubber [201] sticks on the covering edge of the long purlin of wallboard one side, it is concordant with the boss [103] at wallboard two ends, described sealing gasket [202] is bonded on block rubber [201] and boss [103], described supporting case [300] is pasting the inner side of block rubber [201] and is placing, and supporting case top is provided with the set bolt for fixed support box, seal box [400] is bonding with sealing gasket [202], and be enclosed within outside supporting case [300], and on seal box [400], leave and the corresponding perforate of supporting case [300] and opening.
2. the loading equipemtn that vacuumizes according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described supporting case [300] opening is disposed with from inside to outside rubber ring [505], poly (methyl methacrylate) plate [506], rubber ring [505] and steel trim ring [507] and fixes by set bolt.
3. the loading equipemtn that vacuumizes according to claim 2, is characterized in that: there are two transversal reinforcements [303] and two longitudinal reinforcements [304] in supporting case [300] inside.
4. the loading equipemtn that vacuumizes according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the little 10mm of inner length of the Length Ratio seal box [400] of supporting case [300], prevents that the wallboard pressurized rear support box [300] that shortens from interfering with wallboard.
5. the loading equipemtn that vacuumizes according to claim 4, is characterized in that: supporting case [300] is steel design, by four contour cushion blocks [305], is supported.
6. vacuumize a load test method, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1: steel-made support box [300] is placed into block rubber inner side, with cushion block [305], support itself and wall panel skin are kept at a distance, block rubber [201] is sticked with glue to covering [101] edge that agent bonds to the long purlin of Material Stiffened Panel [100] one side, make block rubber [201] concordant with boss [103];
Step 2: sealing gasket [202] is bonded on block rubber [201] and boss [103];
Step 3: seal box [400] is enclosed within to steel-made support box [300] upper, then seal box is bonded on sealing gasket [202];
Step 4: the foil gauge slotted line of the long purlin of wallboard one side after line outlet [502] is drawn inside and outside sealing line outlet [502], then is installed to the interface [503] of bleeding, venting interface [504] and sensor interface [501];
Step 5: successively rubber ring [505], poly (methyl methacrylate) plate [506], rubber ring [505] and steel trim ring [507] are installed to the opening part on seal box [400], with fastening nuts steel trim ring [507], seal this opening, nut is installed on set bolt, the perforate of sealing set bolt [301];
Step 6: the testpieces after sealing is completed is cured, after having solidified, at the upper exhaust tube that connects of the interface of bleeding [503], at venting interface [504] mounting ball valve, and close this valve, at sensor interface setting pressure sensor, on ground, in the face of being evacuated down to maximum airtight load, testpieces carries out airtight test, after airtight inspection finishes, slowly open ball valve and exit to testpieces, again close ball valve after completing venting;
Step 7: together with the part that testpieces is installed with above-mentioned steps, at right angle setting is to compression test, again supporting case [300] is connected on the column [603] that is fixed on ground through set bolt, swivel nut [601], screw rod [602], then open rectangular aperture and take out four cushion blocks [305], reinstall rubber ring [505], poly (methyl methacrylate) plate [506], rubber ring [505] and steel trim ring [507], complete the sealing to rectangular aperture, finally foil gauge slotted line is connected with measuring equipment;
Step 8: during test, first wallboard is applied to airtight load [106], be evacuated down to peak suction, keep air pressure constant, then wallboard is applied to compressive load [105], until wallboard unstable failure, in process of the test, the strain measurement value of recording compressed load, airtight load and structure.
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