CN102227027A - Electrode material and cathode material for air cathode microbiological fuel cells and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Electrode material and cathode material for air cathode microbiological fuel cells and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An electrode material and a cathode material for air cathode microbiological fuel cells and a manufacturing method thereof. The invention relates to the technical field of microbiological fuel cells. The invention solves the problem of high cost and complex technology of electrode materials and microbiological fuel cell materials prepared by the prior art. The electrode material is composed of a superficial layer and an internal layer, and the superficial layer covers on both sides of the internal layer; the cathode material for the air cathode microbiological fuel cells is prepared by the electrode material, a naphthol solution, an isopropanol solution and a Pt/powdered carbon catalyst. The method for preparing the electrode material provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing the superficial layer; secondly, preparing the internal layer; thirdly, connecting the superficial layer and the internal layer; the method for preparing the cathode material for the air cathode microbiological fuel cells comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing an adhesive solution; secondly, adding the catalyst; thirdly, applying a catalyst layer. The invention is applicable to the preparation of the low-cost electrode material and the low-cost cathode material for the air cathode microbiological fuel cells.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the microbiological fuel cell technical field.
Background technology
Along with the rapid growth of global energy demand, world energy sources production and environmental carrying capacity can't bear the heavy load.Problem such as environmental pollution and climate change becomes increasingly serious, and high energy prices have the load that has increased the weight of development of world economy.Therefore seek reproducible new forms of energy and become one of hot issue of paying close attention to the world today.
Microbiological fuel cell is new notion and the device that can realize power conversion and production capacity.The principle of microbiological fuel cell is to be catalyst with the microbe, directly biomass energy is converted into electric energy, is plurality of advantages such as one because of it has cleaning, efficient, collection sewage disposal and energy recuperation, thereby has been subjected to the extensive concern of countries in the world.
But because high cost cost of microbiological fuel cell and lower power density output have fettered further developing of microbiological fuel cell.Therefore, one of main challenge of microbiological fuel cell technology is the output of raising power and reduces cost.At present, existing microbiological fuel cell material cost is too high, the carbon cloth cathode material cost Yue Wei $1000/m that air cathode microbial fuel cell is commonly used
2Air cathode need be formed by diffusion layer, Catalytic Layer, adhesive preparation, so the expense of each part all will influence the cost of microbiological fuel cell.That commonly used is noble metal catalyst ($700-1000/m at present
2), the application of noble metal catalyst has increased the cost of electrode.The use of binding agent has also increased the cost of manufacture of electrode.The preparation of diffusion layer is owing to need coating PTFE and carbon dust, and at high temperature fires, and complicated preparation process has increased the cost of manufacture and the production process of electrode.In sum, the electrode material of prior art for preparing and microbiological fuel cell material cost height, complex process.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the problem that will solve the electrode material of prior art for preparing and microbiological fuel cell material cost height, complex process, and cathode material of electrode material and air cathode microbial fuel cell and preparation method thereof is provided.
A kind of electrode material is made up of superficial layer and interior layer two parts, and superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer; Described superficial layer is the electrode cloth that the surface is coated with nickel dam, copper layer, monel layer or carbon-coating; Wherein electrode cloth is carbon cloth, nonwoven fabrics, waterproof cloth, carbon cloth or polyester fiber cloth; Described interior layer is to be made by the conductive coating on electrode sponge and electrode sponge surface; Wherein the electrode sponge is carbon sponge or polyurethane sponge, and the conductive coating on electrode sponge surface is followed successively by nickel dam or carbon-coating, copper layer and nickel dam or carbon-coating from inside to outside.
A kind of preparation method of electrode material prepares according to the following steps: one, electrode cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned again and remove, one deck nickel dam, copper layer, monel layer or carbon-coating are electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; Two, at first electroplate one deck nickel dam or carbon-coating on the electrode sponge, electroplate the layer of copper layer then on nickel dam or carbon-coating, re-plating one deck nickel dam or carbon-coating on the copper layer promptly obtain interior layer at last; Three, adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer, promptly obtains electrode material; The described electrode cloth of step 1 is carbon cloth, nonwoven fabrics, waterproof cloth, carbon cloth or polyester fiber cloth; The described electrode sponge of step 2 is carbon sponge or polyurethane sponge.
A kind of cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell is that 5% naphthol solution, mass fraction are that 99.98% aqueous isopropanol and Pt/ carbon dust Preparation of Catalyst form by electrode material, mass fraction; Wherein the volume ratio of naphthol solution and aqueous isopropanol is (1.5～2.5): 1, and the mass ratio of Pt/ carbon dust catalyst and aqueous isopropanol is (4.5～22): 1; The mass fraction of Pt is 10% in the described Pt/ carbon dust catalyst.
A kind of preparation method of cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell, finish according to the following steps: one, preparation binder solution: with mass fraction is that 5% naphthol solution and mass fraction are that 99.98% aqueous isopropanol is poured in the container, and both are mixed, promptly be prepared into binder solution; Two, add catalyst: Pt/ carbon dust catalyst is joined in the binder solution, and Pt/ carbon dust catalyst and binder solution are mixed, form the binder solution that contains catalyst; Three, paste Catalytic Layer: the binder solution that contains catalyst for preparing in the step 2 is pasted uniformly on a side surface layer of the electrode material that step 1 prepares, be placed under the room temperature environment then, dry 12～24h promptly finishes the making of the cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell; The volume ratio of naphthol solution described in the step 1 and aqueous isopropanol is (1.5～2.5): 1; The Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are (4.5～22): 1, and wherein the mass fraction of Pt is 10% in the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst.
The present invention obtains beneficial effect: one, the cost of the electrode material of the present invention's preparation is low, and the total cost cost of the air cathode microbial fuel cell cathode material of the electrode material preparation of employing the present invention preparation descends 59%～61%; Two, the air cathode microbial fuel cell of the present invention's preparation can be applied in the air cathode microbial fuel cell with cathode material, realize waste water treatment, and can reclaim the energy that produces in the wastewater treatment process, can reach 72%～78% by the COD clearance that detects in the waste water, energy recovery rate CE is 18%～20%, and maximum output power density is 0.68W/m
2, minimum as the microbiological fuel cell difference of air cathode with traditional carbon cloth negative electrode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electron-microscope scanning figure of the electrode material of embodiment two preparations.Fig. 2 is the structure chart of embodiment ten described single-chamber microbial fuel cells.Fig. 3 is the microbiological fuel cell and the ruuning situation figure of microbiological fuel cell under identical external environment that adopts traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as the air cathode preparation of embodiment ten preparations, among the figure
What represent is the ruuning situation of the microbiological fuel cell of body execution mode ten preparations, among the figure
What represent is to adopt the ruuning situation of traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode preparation.Fig. 4 is that the microbiological fuel cell of embodiment ten preparations detects column diagram with the clearance and the energy recovery rate CE that adopt traditional carbon cloth negative electrode to handle COD in the processing procedure of identical waste water as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode preparation, among the figure
That represent is rate of recovery CE, among the figure
That represent is clearance COD, one group of column diagram in the left side among the figure is that clearance and the energy recovery rate CE of COD detects column diagram in the processing procedure of microbiological fuel cell of embodiment ten preparation, and one group of column diagram on the right side among the figure detects column diagram for adopting traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as clearance and the energy recovery rate CE of COD in the processing procedure of the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode preparation.Fig. 5 is the microbiological fuel cell of embodiment ten preparations and the power density curve chart of microbiological fuel cell in wastewater treatment process that adopts traditional carbon cloth negative electrode to prepare as air cathode, among the figure
What represent is the power density curve chart of microbiological fuel cell in wastewater treatment process of body execution mode ten preparations, among the figure
What represent is to adopt microbiological fuel cell the power density curve chart in wastewater treatment process of traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as the air cathode preparation; Fig. 6 is the microbiological fuel cell and the cost cost column diagram that adopts traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode preparation of embodiment ten preparations, among the figure
What represent is the cost column diagram of catalyst, among the figure
What represent is the cost column diagram of diffusion layer, among the figure
What represent is the cost column diagram of electrode material, one group of column diagram in the left side among the figure is the microbiological fuel cell total cost column diagram of embodiment ten preparations, and one group of column diagram on the right side among the figure is for adopting the microbiological fuel cell total cost column diagram of traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as the air cathode preparation.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: this enforcement provides a kind of cost low electrode preparation methods, specifically finishes according to the following steps:
One, electrode cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned and remove, one deck nickel dam, copper layer, monel layer or carbon-coating are electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; Two, at first electroplate one deck nickel dam or carbon-coating on the electrode sponge, electroplate the layer of copper layer then on nickel dam or carbon-coating, re-plating one deck nickel dam or carbon-coating on the copper layer promptly obtain interior layer at last; Three, adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer, promptly obtains electrode material; The described electrode cloth of step 1 is carbon cloth, nonwoven fabrics, waterproof cloth, carbon cloth or polyester fiber cloth; The described electrode sponge of step 2 is carbon sponge or polyurethane sponge.
The surface conductivity of the electrode material of present embodiment preparation is 0.08～2.0 Ω/m
2, thickness is 0.8～3.0mm.
Embodiment two: a kind of electrode material of this enforcement preparation, finish according to the following steps:
One, polyester fiber cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned and remove, the layer of copper layer is electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; Two, electroplate one deck nickel dam on polyurethane sponge, electroplate the layer of copper layer on nickel dam, re-plating one deck nickel dam on the last copper layer promptly obtains interior layer; Three, adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer.
The surface conductivity of the electrode material of present embodiment preparation is 1.04 Ω/m
2, thickness is 1.9mm.
The electron-microscope scanning figure of the electrode material of present embodiment preparation as shown in Figure 1, the network structure among Fig. 1 is an interior layer, the fibre wall of both sides is exterior layers, as we know from the figure, superficial layer covers interior layer fully.
Embodiment three: this enforcement provides a kind of cost low, and the preparation method of the cathode material of the simple air cathode microbial fuel cell of preparation technology, specifically finishes according to the following steps:
One, preparation binder solution: with mass fraction is that 5% naphthol solution and mass fraction are that 99.98% aqueous isopropanol is poured in the container, and both are mixed, and promptly is prepared into binder solution; Two, add catalyst: Pt/ carbon dust catalyst is joined in the binder solution, and Pt/ carbon dust catalyst and binder solution are mixed, form the binder solution that contains catalyst; Three, paste Catalytic Layer: the binder solution that contains catalyst for preparing in the step 2 is pasted uniformly on a side surface layer of the electrode material that step 1 prepares, be placed under the room temperature environment then, dry 12～24h promptly finishes the making of the cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell; The volume ratio of naphthol solution described in the step 1 and aqueous isopropanol is (1.5～2.5): 1; The Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are (4.5～22): 1, and wherein the mass fraction of Pt is 10% in the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst.
Embodiment four: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment three is: the volume ratio of naphthol solution described in the step 1 and aqueous isopropanol is 2: 1.Other steps are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment and one of embodiment three or four difference are: the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are (8～19): 1.Other steps are identical with embodiment three or four.
Embodiment six: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment five is: the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are (10～16): 1.Other steps are identical with embodiment five.
Embodiment seven: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment six is: the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are 13: 1.Other steps are identical with embodiment six.
Embodiment eight: one of present embodiment and embodiment three to seven difference is: the electrode material that will paste catalyst in the step 3 is placed under the room temperature environment dry 18h.Other steps are identical with embodiment three or seven.
Embodiment nine: one of present embodiment and embodiment three to eight difference is: the electrode material described in the step 3 prepares according to the following steps: one, polyester fiber cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned again and remove, the layer of copper layer is electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; Two, electroplate one deck nickel dam on polyurethane sponge, electroplate the layer of copper layer on nickel dam, re-plating one deck nickel dam on the last copper layer promptly obtains interior layer; Three, adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer.
Embodiment ten: the cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell is in the application of microbiological fuel cell:
Air cathode microbial fuel cell is made up of anode 1, negative electrode 2, anode cover plate 3, negative electrode cover plate 4, reactor cavity 5, water inlet 6, delivery port 7 and probe measurement hole 8, the volume of reactor cavity 5 is 28mL, anode 1 and negative electrode 2 lay respectively at the both sides of reactor cavity 5, the top of reactor has water inlet 6, delivery port 7 and probe measurement hole 8, and in probe measurement hole 89 is reference electrode or sensor probe; Be coated with negative electrode cover plate 4, be coated with anode cover plate 3 at anode 1 at negative electrode 2, the cavity 5 of anode cover plate 3, negative electrode cover plate 4 and reactor is to adopt bolt to be in the same place, and whole reactor seals.
Cathode material prepares according to the following steps in the present embodiment: one, preparation binder solution: with mass fraction is that 5% naphthol solution and mass fraction are that 99.98% aqueous isopropanol is poured in the container, and both are mixed, promptly be prepared into binder solution; Two, add catalyst: Pt/ carbon dust catalyst is joined in the binder solution, and Pt/ carbon dust catalyst and binder solution are mixed, form the binder solution that contains catalyst; Three, paste Catalytic Layer: the binder solution that contains catalyst for preparing in the step 2 is pasted uniformly on a side surface layer of the electrode material that step 1 prepares, be placed under the room temperature environment then, dry 18h promptly finishes the making of the cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell; The volume ratio of naphthol solution described in the step 1 and aqueous isopropanol is 2: 1; The Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are 13: 1, and wherein the mass fraction of Pt is 10% in the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst; Electrode material described in the step 3 prepares according to the following steps: 1., polyester fiber cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned and remove, the layer of copper layer is electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; 2., on polyurethane sponge, electroplate one deck nickel dam, on nickel dam, electroplate the layer of copper layer, re-plating one deck nickel dam on the last copper layer promptly obtains interior layer; 3., adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer.
Anode material is a carbon cloth in the present embodiment, at first carbon cloth is positioned over and carries out heat treated in the Muffle furnace, heating-up temperature is 350～500 ℃, taking-up is placed in the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1mol/L soaked 20 minutes, sulfuric acid solution with 0.1mol/L cleans again, clean to neutral with distilled water at last, promptly finish the processing that anode material is a carbon cloth after the drying.
Start the microbiological fuel cell reactor under the room temperature, adopt waste water to inoculate, start two microbiological fuel cell simultaneously under the 1000 Ω extrernal resistances, wherein one is adopted traditional carbon cloth negative electrode (manufacturing process needs diffusion layer) as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode in contrast, the microbiological fuel cell of another playscript with stage directions execution mode preparation promptly adopts cathode material of the present invention as air cathode (not needing to carry out the making of diffusion layer).Pass through the startup of 200h approximately, obtained stable voltage output as the microbiological fuel cell of negative electrode with different materials.The burning voltage that the negative electrode of the microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation produces is 490mV, carry the lower slightly 10～15mV of voltage that the Pt air cathode produces than traditional carbon cloth, in the 400h of operation, two microbiological fuel cells are stable, and the ruuning situation of two kinds of microbiological fuel cells as shown in Figure 3.
For waste water, the clearance of COD is an important indicator of investigating waste water treatment, and the clearance height of COD indicates that the effect of waste water treatment is remarkable.For microbiological fuel cell, energy recovery efficiency CE equally also is one of important indicator of estimating battery performance.For reaching water treatment effect and excellent energy organic efficiency preferably in the microbiological fuel cell process of investigating the present embodiment preparation, started synchronously and adopted traditional carbon cloth negative electrode, and it has been monitored as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode and the microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation.In reactor stable operation after one month, as shown in Figure 4, the waste water COD clearance and the energy recovery rate CE of two microbiological fuel cells investigated.The COD clearance of the microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation is between 72%～78%, CE is 18%～20%, adopt COD clearance and the CE basically identical of traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode, the microbiological fuel cell of proof present embodiment preparation can obtain higher COD clearance in waste water treatment, and can reclaim 18%～20% energy, and operational effect is stable.
For microbiological fuel cell, the power density curve is one of key factor of assessing reactor performance.The important indicator of microbiological fuel cell performance is provided in the time of can providing bigger power to export.For can microbiological fuel cell that investigate the present embodiment preparation reach higher power efficiency, started synchronously and adopted traditional carbon cloth negative electrode, and it has been monitored as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode and the microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation.From the power density curve, as shown in Figure 5, the peak power output of the microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation can reach 0.68W/m
2, and adopt traditional carbon cloth negative electrode can reach 0.66W/m as the maximum power density of the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode
2, compare as the microbiological fuel cell of air cathode with adopting traditional carbon cloth negative electrode with the microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation, all can be at high current density interval 2.2～3.2A/m
2In the output of bigger power is provided, provide possibility thereby export for the high energy high current density under.
The cost cost of microbiological fuel cell is to influence one of this technology key in application factor.High material cost has caused the amplification application of microbiological fuel cell technology to be restricted.Therefore be badly in need of the cost that the new DC material of exploitation reduces microbiological fuel cell.The DC material of present embodiment preparation is a kind of functional material of cheapness, and cost of manufacture is about 10$/m
2, with traditional carbon cloth electrode (1000$/m
2) compare, only material cost can descend 99%, and simultaneously, the DC material need not to carry out the making of diffusion layer as the air cathode material, thereby has simplified the manufacturing process of electrode and the cost of manufacture of the electrode saved.The microbiological fuel cell of present embodiment preparation is carried out cost with the microbiological fuel cell that adopts traditional carbon cloth negative electrode as air cathode to be compared, as shown in Figure 6, as shown in Figure 6, use DC material newly developed air cathode as microbiological fuel cell, use Pt as catalyst, the total cost cost of cathode material will descend 59%～61%.
Claims (8)
1. electrode material is characterized in that electrode material is made up of superficial layer and interior layer two parts, and superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer; Described superficial layer is the electrode cloth that the surface is coated with nickel dam, copper layer, monel layer or carbon-coating; Wherein electrode cloth is carbon cloth, nonwoven fabrics, waterproof cloth, carbon cloth or polyester fiber cloth; Described interior layer is to be made by the conductive coating on electrode sponge and electrode sponge surface; Wherein the electrode sponge is carbon sponge or polyurethane sponge, and the conductive coating on electrode sponge surface is followed successively by nickel dam or carbon-coating, copper layer and nickel dam or carbon-coating from inside to outside.
2. the preparation method of an electrode material, it is characterized in that electrode material prepares according to the following steps: one, electrode cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned again and remove, one deck nickel dam, copper layer, monel layer or carbon-coating are electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; Two, at first electroplate one deck nickel dam or carbon-coating on the electrode sponge, electroplate the layer of copper layer then on nickel dam or carbon-coating, re-plating one deck nickel dam or carbon-coating on the copper layer promptly obtain interior layer at last; Three, adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer, promptly obtains electrode material; The described electrode cloth of step 1 is carbon cloth, nonwoven fabrics, waterproof cloth, carbon cloth or polyester fiber cloth; The described electrode sponge of step 2 is carbon sponge or polyurethane sponge.
3. with the cathode material of a kind of air cathode microbial fuel cell of the described electrode material of claim 1 preparation, the cathode material that it is characterized in that air cathode microbial fuel cell is to be that 5% naphthol solution, mass fraction are that 99.98% aqueous isopropanol and Pt/ carbon dust Preparation of Catalyst form by electrode material, mass fraction; Wherein the volume ratio of naphthol solution and aqueous isopropanol is (1.5～2.5): 1, and the mass ratio of Pt/ carbon dust catalyst and aqueous isopropanol is (4.5～22): 1; The mass fraction of Pt is 10% in the described Pt/ carbon dust catalyst.
4. the preparation method of the cathode material of an air cathode microbial fuel cell, the cathode material that it is characterized in that air cathode microbial fuel cell prepares according to the following steps: one, preparation binder solution: with mass fraction is that 5% naphthol solution and mass fraction are that 99.98% aqueous isopropanol is poured in the container, and both are mixed, promptly be prepared into binder solution; Two, add catalyst: Pt/ carbon dust catalyst is joined in the binder solution, and Pt/ carbon dust catalyst and binder solution are mixed, form the binder solution that contains catalyst; Three, paste Catalytic Layer: the binder solution that contains catalyst for preparing in the step 2 is pasted uniformly on a side surface layer of the electrode material that step 1 prepares, be placed under the room temperature environment then, dry 12～24h promptly finishes the making of the cathode material of air cathode microbial fuel cell; The volume ratio of naphthol solution described in the step 1 and aqueous isopropanol is (1.5～2.5): 1; The Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are (4.5～22): 1, and wherein the mass fraction of Pt is 10% in the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst.
5. the preparation method of the cathode material of a kind of air cathode microbial fuel cell according to claim 4, the volume ratio that it is characterized in that naphthol solution described in the step 1 and aqueous isopropanol is 2: 1.
6. the preparation method of the cathode material of a kind of air cathode microbial fuel cell according to claim 5 is characterized in that the Pt/ carbon dust catalyst that adds described in the step 2 and the mass ratio of aqueous isopropanol are (10～16): 1.
7. according to the preparation method of the cathode material of claim 4,5 or 6 described a kind of air cathode microbial fuel cells, it is characterized in that the electrode material that will paste catalyst in the step 3 is placed on dry 18h under the room temperature environment.
8. the preparation method of the cathode material of a kind of air cathode microbial fuel cell according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the electrode material described in the step 3 prepares according to the following steps: one, polyester fiber cloth is soaked with acetone, with distilled water the acetone on the electrode cloth is cleaned again and remove, the layer of copper layer is electroplated in dry back on electrode cloth, be superficial layer; Two, electroplate one deck nickel dam on polyurethane sponge, electroplate the layer of copper layer on nickel dam, re-plating one deck nickel dam on the last copper layer promptly obtains interior layer; Three, adopt the mode of hot pressing to be connected superficial layer and interior layer, superficial layer covers the both sides of interior layer.
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| CN104176836A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Microorganism electrochemical device for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud and method for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud |
| CN105164843A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2015-12-16 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Microbial fuel cell having electrically conductive foam electrode |
| CN107431214A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-12-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Electrode assembly and microbiological fuel cell |
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| CN101800327A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-11 | 刘忠毅 | Microbial fuel cell and power generation device with same |
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| WO2007073598A1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-05 | The University Of Western Ontario | Fuel cell bioreactor |
| US20080292912A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2008-11-27 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Electrodes and methods for microbial fuel cells |
| CN101800327A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-11 | 刘忠毅 | Microbial fuel cell and power generation device with same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105164843A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2015-12-16 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Microbial fuel cell having electrically conductive foam electrode |
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| CN107431214A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-12-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Electrode assembly and microbiological fuel cell |
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