CN102193561A - Maximum power point output tracking method for photovoltaic cell - Google Patents
Maximum power point output tracking method for photovoltaic cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102193561A CN102193561A CN 201110095422 CN201110095422A CN102193561A CN 102193561 A CN102193561 A CN 102193561A CN 201110095422 CN201110095422 CN 201110095422 CN 201110095422 A CN201110095422 A CN 201110095422A CN 102193561 A CN102193561 A CN 102193561A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and discloses a maximum power point output tracking method for a photovoltaic cell. The method comprises the following steps of: taking an open circuit voltage of 0.6 as a demarcation point; judging whether the working point at the time approaches to a maximum power point according to the relationship between the working voltage U of the photovoltaic cell and the value; if the working point does not approach to the maximum power point, adopting a large step length; if the working point approaches to the maximum power point, adopting a small step length; if the change directions of two continuous voltages are the same, doubling the step length to accelerate the tracking speed; and judging whether the working point approaches to the maximum power point by judging whether dP/dU is 0, and judging whether the photovoltaic cell works on the left side or the right side of the maximum power point by judging the dP/dU is a positive number or a negative number so as to determine the change direction of a voltage. By the method, the maximum power point swinging close to the maximum power point is avoided; and the tracking step length can be adjusted according to the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell to accelerate the tracking speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of following the trail of the output of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point, belong to field of photovoltaic power generation.
Background technology
Along with the development of energy deflation with low-carbon economy, photovoltaic power generation technology is paid attention to widely and is used.The output power of photovoltaic cell, is increased operation rate in order to make the photovoltaic cell Maximum Power Output along with nonlinear variation takes place in the variation of intensity of sunshine, environment temperature, and many theoretical researches and engineering development personnel have proposed the notion of MPPT maximum power point tracking.
The basic controlling strategy of MPPT maximum power point tracking is thanksed for your hospitality moving observation, conductance increment method, open-circuit voltage method, fuzzy control method etc. at present.The conductance increment method is a kind of method of wherein using often, because it is based on mathematical algorithm, therefore the situation of direction erroneous judgement can not take place, and can with smooth fashion follow the trail of when situation changes sunshine.But the same with most of algorithms, traditional conductance increment method is followed the trail of maximum power point with fixed step size, and it is slow to exist speed, inefficient shortcoming.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of speed faster, more efficient tracking at the shortcoming of existing MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
The present invention is a kind of tracking of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point output, is a kind of variable step improvement algorithm based on the conductance increment method, it is characterized in that with 0.6U
OCAs separation, use different step-lengths in its both sides, and step-length doubles when double voltage change direction is identical, mainly comprises the steps:
Step 101: a is set, b, △ U.A wherein〉b〉0.△ U is the unit voltage disturbed value;
Step 102: voltage disturbance multiple K is set, definition identifier flag=0;
Step 103: the open-circuit voltage U that detects photovoltaic cell
OC
Step 104: detect the operating voltage U of photovoltaic cell, working current I;
Step 105: as U＜0.6U
OCThe time skip to step 106, otherwise skip to step 107;
Step 106: be multiplied by a coefficient a for voltage disturbance multiple K;
Step 107: be multiplied by a coefficient b for voltage disturbance multiple K;
Skip to step 109 during step 108:dU=0, otherwise skip to step 110;
Skip to step 120 during step 109:dI=0, otherwise skip to step 112;
(dI/dU) skips to step 120 during * U=0 to step 110:I+, otherwise skips to step 111;
Step 111:I+ (the * U of dI/dU)〉0 o'clock skip to step 113, otherwise skip to step 114;
Step 112:dI〉0 o'clock skip to step 116, otherwise skip to step 115;
Step 113: increase voltage output, the increase value is △ U*K, and identifier flag adds 1 simultaneously;
Step 114: reduce voltage output, reduce value and be △ U*K, identifier flag subtracts 1 simultaneously;
Step 115: reduce voltage output, reduce value and be △ U*K, identifier flag subtracts 1 simultaneously;
Step 116: increase voltage output, the increase value is △ U*K, and identifier flag adds 1 simultaneously;
Skip to step 119 during step 117:flag=2, otherwise skip to step 118;
Skip to step 119 during step 118:flag=-2, otherwise skip to step 120;
Step 119: it is original 2 times that voltage disturbance multiple K increases;
Step 120: make photovoltaic cell output voltage U (t) equal a control cycle sampled value U (t-1), output current I (t)=I (t-1) returns step 102.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is to avoid swinging near maximum power point, and can adjust tracing step according to the output voltage of photovoltaic cell, accelerates tracking velocity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the tracking of the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point output of the present invention's employing.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the tracking of the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point output of the present invention's employing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point-tracking method of the present invention's employing.As shown in the figure, because the voltage of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is about 0.8 times open-circuit voltage U in theory
OC, so the present invention uses 0.6U
OCAs separation, judge that by the relation that comparison photovoltaic cell operating voltage U is worth therewith whether the working point of this moment is near maximum power point.If not approaching as yet, promptly be operated in the scope 1, then adopt a bigger step-length; If approaching, promptly be operated in scope 2 or 3, then adopt smaller step size.And step-length doubles when double voltage change direction is identical, to accelerate tracking velocity.Because photovoltaic cell output power P=U*I, so dP/dU=d (UI)/dU=I+ (* U of dI/dU).As shown in Figure 1, dP/dU=0, promptly I+ (during the * U=0 of dI/dU), U=U
MAX, photovoltaic cell is operated in maximum power point; DP/dU〉0 o'clock, promptly I+ (the * U of dI/dU)〉0 o'clock, U＜U
MAXDP/dU＜0, promptly I+ (* U＜0 of dI/dU) o'clock, U〉U
MAXBecause dU is a denominator, judges at first whether dU is 0, if dU=0, dI=0 then thinks and found maximum power point, need not adjust; If dU=0, dI ≠ 0 is then according to the positive and negative voltage of adjusting of dI; If dU ≠ 0, the tracking of maximum power point then according to the output voltage of above-mentioned related key lay the grain volt battery, is realized in dI ≠ 0.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the tracking of the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point output of the present invention's employing.As shown in the figure, this method is a kind of conductance increment method of improved variable step.In the step 101, a is set, b, △ U, wherein a〉b〉0, △ U is the unit voltage disturbed value.In the step 102, voltage disturbance multiple K is set, and definition identifier flag=0.In the step 103, detect the open-circuit voltage U of photovoltaic cell
OCIn the step 104, detect the operating voltage U and the working current I of photovoltaic cell.In the step 105, choose 0.6U
OCAs the separation that judges whether near maximum power point, U＜0.6U
OCThe time skip to step 106, a bigger step-length is set; Otherwise skip to step 107, smaller step size is set.In the step 106, be multiplied by a coefficient a for voltage disturbance multiple K.In the step 107, be multiplied by a coefficient b for voltage disturbance multiple K.In the step 108, judge that whether dU is 0, if dU=0 skips to step 109, otherwise skips to step 110.In the step 109, judge whether dI is 0,, then think and found maximum power point, skip to step 120, otherwise skip to step 112 as if dI=0.In the step 112, judge the positive and negative of dI, adjust voltage output, dI with this 0 o'clock skip to step 116, increase voltage output, and the increase value being △ U*K, identifier flag adds 1 simultaneously; Otherwise skip to step 115, reduce voltage output, and reduce value and be △ U*K, the while, identifier flag subtracted 1.In the step 110, judge (dI/dU) whether * U is 0 to I+, if 0 explanation photovoltaic cell is operated in maximum power point, need not adjust, and skips to step 120; Otherwise skip to step 111.In the step 111, judge I+ (dI/dU) * U's is positive and negative, I+ (the * U of dI/dU)〉0, illustrate that present operating point in the maximum power point left side, needs to increase voltage output, skip to step 113 this moment, increase voltage output, and the increase value is △ U*K, identifier flag adds 1 simultaneously; Otherwise the right side that is operated in maximum power point is described, need reduces voltage output, skip to step 114 this moment, reduces voltage output, and reduce value and be △ U*K, and the while, identifier flag subtracted 1.In the step 117, judge the value of identifier flag, flag=2 illustrates double perturbation direction unanimity, and is also distant apart from maximum power point, needs to strengthen the disturbance step-length, accelerates tracking speed, skips to step 119 this moment; Otherwise skip to step 118.In the step 118, situation skips to step 119 with step 117 during flag=-2, otherwise skips to step 120.In the step 119, it is original 2 times that voltage disturbance multiple K is increased.In the step 120, make photovoltaic cell output voltage U (t) equal a control cycle sampled value U (t-1), output current I (t)=I (t-1) returns step 102, again assignment.
Claims (2)
1. the tracking of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point output is characterized in that: use 0.6U
OCAs separation, if a bigger step-length as yet not approaching, then adopted near maximum power point in the working point that the relation that is worth therewith by photovoltaic cell output voltage U is relatively judged this moment whether, if approaching, then adopts smaller step size; And step-length doubles when double voltage change direction is identical, to accelerate tracking velocity; By judging that dP/dU 0 judges whether to arrive maximum power point, come judgment task on the left side or the right side of maximum power point by the positive and negative of dP/dU, thereby determine the direction that voltage changes.
2. the process flow diagram of the tracking of maximum power of photovoltaic cell point output according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 101: a is set, b, △ U; A wherein〉b〉0, △ U is the unit voltage disturbed value;
Step 102: voltage disturbance multiple K is set, definition identifier flag=0;
Step 103: the open-circuit voltage U that detects photovoltaic cell
OC
Step 104: detect the operating voltage U of photovoltaic cell, working current I;
Step 105: as U＜0.6U
OCThe time skip to step 106, otherwise skip to step 107;
Step 106: be multiplied by a coefficient a for voltage disturbance multiple K;
Step 107: be multiplied by a coefficient b for voltage disturbance multiple K;
Skip to step 109 during step 108:dU=0, otherwise skip to step 110;
Skip to step 120 during step 109:dI=0, otherwise skip to step 112;
(dI/dU) skips to step 120 during * U=0 to step 110:I+, otherwise skips to step 111;
Step 111:I+ (the * U of dI/dU)〉0 o'clock skip to step 113, otherwise skip to step 114;
Step 112:dI〉0 o'clock skip to step 116, otherwise skip to step 115;
Step 113: increase voltage output, the increase value is △ U*K, and identifier flag adds 1 simultaneously;
Step 114: reduce voltage output, reduce value and be △ U*K, identifier flag subtracts 1 simultaneously;
Step 115: reduce voltage output, reduce value and be △ U*K, identifier flag subtracts 1 simultaneously;
Step 116: increase voltage output, the increase value is △ U*K, and identifier flag adds 1 simultaneously;
Skip to step 119 during step 117:flag=2, otherwise skip to step 118;
Skip to step 119 during step 118:flag=-2, otherwise skip to step 120;
Step 119: it is original 2 times that voltage disturbance multiple K increases;
Step 120: make photovoltaic cell output voltage U (t) equal a control cycle sampled value U (t-1), output current I (t)=I (t-1) returns step 102.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102841628A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-12-26 | 东南大学 | Rapid high-precision photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking control method |
| CN104220951A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2014-12-17 | 施耐德电气太阳能逆变器美国股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking (mppt) |
| CN104950983A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-30 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Solar cell maximum power point tracking device and method |
| CN105159387A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏金智科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point implementation method and device base on three-level step length |
| CN105278612A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Largest-power point tracking method |
| CN109617050A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江浙能嘉华发电有限公司 | A kind of Service Power in Thermal Power Plant micro-grid system simulation model |
| CN110582919A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2019-12-17 | 昕诺飞控股有限公司 | Power conversion system and method |
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2011
- 2011-04-17 CN CN 201110095422 patent/CN102193561A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104220951A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2014-12-17 | 施耐德电气太阳能逆变器美国股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking (mppt) |
| CN104220951B (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2016-10-05 | 施耐德电气太阳能逆变器美国股份有限公司 | MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) |
| CN102841628A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-12-26 | 东南大学 | Rapid high-precision photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking control method |
| CN102841628B (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-09-10 | 东南大学 | Rapid high-precision photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking control method |
| CN104950983A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-30 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Solar cell maximum power point tracking device and method |
| CN104950983B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2016-12-14 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Solaode maximum power point tracking device and tracking |
| CN105159387A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏金智科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point implementation method and device base on three-level step length |
| CN105159387B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏金智科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point implementation methods based on three grades of step-lengths and device |
| CN105278612A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Largest-power point tracking method |
| CN110582919A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2019-12-17 | 昕诺飞控股有限公司 | Power conversion system and method |
| US11394235B2 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2022-07-19 | Signify Holding B.V. | Power conversion system and method |
| CN109617050A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江浙能嘉华发电有限公司 | A kind of Service Power in Thermal Power Plant micro-grid system simulation model |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |