CN102110970A - Alternating current electronic fuse with reliable actions - Google Patents
Alternating current electronic fuse with reliable actions Download PDFInfo
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- CN102110970A CN102110970A CN2011100699898A CN201110069989A CN102110970A CN 102110970 A CN102110970 A CN 102110970A CN 2011100699898 A CN2011100699898 A CN 2011100699898A CN 201110069989 A CN201110069989 A CN 201110069989A CN 102110970 A CN102110970 A CN 102110970A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronics and electric industry and relates to an alternating current electronic fuse with reliable actions. The fuse comprises an alternating current power supply loop, a 12V half-wave rectifier power supply, a one-way silicon controlled rectifier controller and a trigger circuit thereof, as well as a control loop of an alternating current contactor, and is characterized in that the trigger circuit of a one-way silicon controlled rectifier VS comprises a current sampling resistor R1 and a Schottky diode D1, a load of the one-way silicon controlled rectifier comprises a coil of a direct current relay K1 and an action indication circuit of the fuse, and the circuit for preventing false actions of the fuse comprises a potentiometer RP, an electrolytic capacitor C1 and a resistor R2. A miniature circuit breaker which is commonly known as an air switch is the most common one used at present. However, the circuit breaker is mostly used in commercial power lines without frequent conversion or frequency startup of an electric motor. The circuit breaker is powerless in the aspects of reliability and quickness in actions, repeated use and the like. The alternating current electronic fuse with the reliable actions can better solve the series of the problems.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronics, electrical technology field, relate to a kind of alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action.
Background technology
The urban electric power switch commonly was furnished with the knife switch that porcelain is inserted fuse in the past, and fuse is a thermal effect of utilizing electric current.Caloric value is followed formula Q=0.24I
2RT, (wherein: Q is a caloric value, and I is the electric current that flows through conductor, and 0.24 is constant, and R is the resistance value of conductor, and T is the time that electric current flows through conductor) blown fuse process in fact is exactly the process of a thermal accumlation.When circuital current reaches the blowout current of fuse or surpasses blowout current, if the time is enough short, do not reach the temperature of blown fuse, fuse can not fuse.Because the work of fuse is unreliable, be eliminated for a long time.
The substitute is miniature circuit breaker, be commonly called as " air switch ".Air switch also is that use is the most general at present.Circuit breaker is used to protect the short circuit and the overload of 50/60Hz line, is particularly useful for industry, commerce and civilian distribution system, has aesthetic in appearancely, and volume is little, and is in light weight, and breaking capacity is good, threads off rapidly, and guide rail is installed, characteristics such as long service life.Under normal circumstances, be mainly used in the not Fraquent start of not frequent transitions, disjunction and the motor of line.
But the power consumption equipment of some occasion alternating current needs a kind of reliable in action, quick, repeatedly used " fuse ", and the reliability of air switch is just slightly inadequate.Through multiple scheme test, relatively screening, the present invention uses a small amount of discrete component to realize intended purposes.The alternating current electrical fuse that below describes this reliable in action in detail is made relevant technologies.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention and beneficial effect: because the work of the slotting fuse of porcelain is reliable inadequately, so be eliminated already.The miniature circuit breaker that is commonly called as " air switch " is that use is the most general at present.But circuit breaker under normal circumstances, are used in not frequent transitions or motor Fraquent start not of line more.It some need a kind of reliable in action, quick, the aspect such as can use repeatedly, circuit breaker is just slightly inadequate.The alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action of the present invention can solve above-mentioned a series of defective by following technical measures.
Technical characterictic: the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action, form by AC-powered loop, 12V halfwave rectifier power supply, one-way SCR control and circuits for triggering thereof and A.C. contactor control loop, it is characterized in that: the circuits for triggering of one-way SCR VS are made of current sampling resistor R1 and Schottky diode D1, the load of one-way SCR VS is the coil of direct current relay K1 and the action indicating circuit of fuse, prevents that the fuse error actuating circuit from being made of potentiometer RP, electrochemical capacitor C1 and resistance R 2.
Annexation in the composition of each several part circuit and the circuit between the components and parts
12V halfwave rectifier power supply: the elementary termination civil power alternating current fire wire end L of transformer T, elementary another termination civil power alternating current zero line side N of transformer T, the positive pole of the secondary termination silicon rectifier diode D2 of transformer T, the negative pole of silicon rectifier diode D2 connects the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, and the secondary other end of transformer T and the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor C2 are with connection circuit ground GND.
One-way SCR control and circuits for triggering thereof: be connected on an end of direct current relay K1 coil behind the anode series normally closed type push-button switch SB of one-way SCR VS, the negative pole of another termination silicon rectifier diode D2 of direct current relay K1 coil; Connect Schottky diode D1 negative pole behind the control utmost point serial connection potentiometer RP of one-way SCR VS, Schottky diode D1 is anodal with a fixed contact among the normally-closed contact K2-1 that meets A.C. contactor K2 and the end of sample resistance R1, the negative electrode of the other end of sample resistance R1 and one-way SCR VS is with the live wire end L ' that connects alternating current output, and the moving contact among the normally-closed contact K2-1 of A.C. contactor K2 meets civil power alternating current fire wire end L.
The action indicating circuit of fuse: connect an end of direct current relay K1 coil behind the cathode series resistance R3 of light-emitting diode D3, the negative pole of light-emitting diode D3 connects the other end of direct current relay K1 coil.
Prevent the fuse error actuating circuit: the control utmost point of the termination one-way SCR VS after the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 and resistance R 2 are in parallel, the other end connection circuit ground GND after the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor C1 and resistance R 2 are in parallel.
The A.C. contactor control loop: a termination civil power alternating current zero line side N of A.C. contactor K2 coil is connected on civil power alternating current fire wire end L behind the normally opened contact K1-1 of the other end serial connection direct current relay K1 of A.C. contactor K2 coil.
Circuit ground GND links to each other with the live wire end L ' of alternating current output.
The circuit working principle: in fact it is an overcurrent protection switch to the circuit of alternating current electrical fuse.The civil power alternating current, obtains about 12V direct voltage and uses for control circuit after the electrochemical capacitor C2 filtering through power transformer T step-down, silicon rectifier diode D2 halfwave rectifier.
R1 is serially connected in civil power phase line L current in loop sample resistance, and its resistance is 0.27 Ω, and what influence it does not have to the civil power main circuit, is the summation of all electrical appliance electric currents by its electric current.When the current effective value by R1 reaches 3A, voltage effective value U1 ≈ 0.6V on the sample resistance R1, Um (peak pressure) ≈ 0.8V, the alternating voltage at sample resistance R1 two ends is after Schottky diode D1 halfwave rectifier and electrochemical capacitor C1 filtering, the direct voltage of the about 0.3V of output, this voltage can't make one-way SCR VS triggering and conducting, because of the activation threshold value voltage of one-way SCR VS is 0.6V.If take place to make unusually electric current to continue to increase with electric loading; as reach 3A when above; alternating voltage Um 〉=the 1V at sample resistance R1 two ends then; when electrochemical capacitor C1 output voltage 〉=0.6V; one-way SCR VS obtains trigger voltage and conducting, direct current relay K1 adhesive, and its normally opened contact K1-1 connects the power supply of A.C. contactor K2; normally-closed contact K2-1 by A.C. contactor cuts off civil power AC-powered loop automatically, realizes " fuse " defencive function.
RP in the circuit is a current-limiting resistance, is not to be provided with for the protection one-way SCR VS control utmost point is not damaged by overcurrent.When being short-circuited with electric loading, the civil power alternating voltage almost all is added in the two ends of sample resistance R1 in moment, because the existence of resistance R P makes the average current that flows through the one-way SCR VS control utmost point can not surpass 9.9mA.If there is not current-limiting resistance RP, one-way SCR VS will damage because of overcurrent in moment.
Resistance R 2, electrochemical capacitor C1 constitute the false action-proof circuit, and it can eliminate in the electrical network various moment heavy current effectively, as: starting up such as colour TV, refrigerator put into practice electric current and cause electronics " fuse " misoperation.Electrochemical capacitor C1 amount of capacity directly influences the sensitivity of electronics " fuse " action.
Resistance R 3 and light-emitting diode D3 constitute electronics " fuse " action indicating circuit.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the circuit working schematic diagram of an embodiment of alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action provided by the invention.
The input of civil power alternating current is respectively live wire end L, zero line side N in the accompanying drawing; The output of civil power alternating current is respectively live wire end L ', zero line side N; The live wire end L ' of alternating current links to each other with circuit ground GND.
K1-1 in the accompanying drawing is the normally opened contact of direct current relay K1; K2-1 is the normally-closed contact of single phase alternating current (A.C.) contactor K2.
Embodiment
Implement according to the circuit working schematic diagram of the alternating electron fuse of reliable in action shown in the accompanying drawing and the components and parts specification requirement of description of drawings and the following stated, can realize the present invention.
The selection of components and parts and technical parameter thereof
VS is an one-way SCR, selects the one-way SCR of BT169D or small-sized plastic packaging such as CR1AM-6, MCR100-1 for use.
D1 selects Schottky diode for use, and forward voltage drop is answered≤0.4V during by big electric current; D2 selects IN4004 or IN4007 type silicon rectifier diode for use; D3 selects the common red light emitting diodes of φ 5mm for use.
R1 selects the high wire-wound resistor of precision for use for detecting resistance, the difference of its resistance, and the operating current of electronics " fuse " is also different; The resistance that embodiment selects for use is 0.27 Ω, and when electric current reached 3.1A in the AC-powered loop, " fuse " be action immediately; If need to change operating current, then detect the resistance of resistance R 1 and can estimate that I is the operating current of required electronics " fuse " by empirical equation: R1=0.8V/I.
Resistance R 2, R3 all use RTX-1/4W type metalfilmresistor; The resistance of R2 is 82K Ω; The resistance of R3 is 1.5K Ω; The resistance of potentiometer RP is 22K Ω.
Capacitor C 1, C2 CD11-25V type electrochemical capacitor, its capacity is respectively 22 μ F, 1000 μ F.
Transformer T selects 220V/12V, 3W small power transformer for use, requires the long-time continuous operation not generate heat.
K1 selects power DC relay in the JZC-22FA type that is adapted at directly welding on the printed circuit board for use, and its contact load is 220V * 3A.
K2 is the single phase alternating current (A.C.) contactor, and contact capacity is looked actual power consumption and determined that present embodiment is selected 6A for use.
From resetting the normally closed type push-button switch, normally closed group of contact of available KWX-2 type sensitive switch replaces SB with small-sized.
Circuit production: the circuit board that welding is good can be packed in the suitable bakelite or plastic casing of volume.The panel cut out of " fuse " box is used to install and fix light-emitting diode D3 and self-resetting button switch SB.Connect the four eyed bakelite binding post that the electrician uses always into and out of line terminals on the circuit board, connect use to make things convenient for the user.
Circuit is adjusted: after circuit connection is errorless on inspection, then detect the sensitivity of " fuse " action.With amount electric current 3A, detection resistance R 1=0.27 Ω is example, specific practice: connect the 220V alternating current in the end of incoming cables, connect 600W load (as: 600W electric furnace) at leading-out terminal." fuse " should attonity at this moment; If " fuse " action should suitably reduce to detect resistance R 1 resistance; Then increase 100W load (as: 100W bulb in parallel again in the 600W load) then, circuit should be cut off rapidly, and promptly direct current relay K1 and A.C. contactor K2 adhesive in succession, light-emitting diode D3 are lighted.Otherwise, answer the quality of scrutiny circuit connection and components and parts.Potentiometer RP is used for accurately adjusting the action error that causes because of the element discreteness.
Using method: " fuse " that check is good can be installed on user's distribution board, and its two inlet wire, leading-out terminal should be by correctly sealing in shown in the accompanying drawing in the current supply circuit, can come into operation after finishing these work.
This alternating electron " fuse " substitutes the inner original general insurance silk of various instrumentations except being directly used in, and also can replace the general fuse case of electric of household electricity circuit, and certain attention can not be got wrong into and out of line during installation.
After electricity consumption load short circuits fault or the eliminating of line fault, need only click push-button switch SB, the civil power alternating current can recover normal power supply.
Claims (7)
1. the alternating current electrical fuse of a reliable in action, form by AC-powered loop, 12V halfwave rectifier power supply, one-way SCR control and circuits for triggering thereof and A.C. contactor control loop, it is characterized in that: the circuits for triggering of one-way SCR VS are made of current sampling resistor R1 and Schottky diode D1, the load of one-way SCR is the coil of direct current relay K1 and the action indicating circuit of fuse, prevents that the fuse error actuating circuit from being made of potentiometer RP, electrochemical capacitor C1 and resistance R 2.
2. the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action according to claim 1, the feature of 12V halfwave rectifier power supply is: the elementary termination civil power alternating current fire wire end L of transformer T, elementary another termination civil power alternating current zero line side N of transformer T, the positive pole of the secondary termination silicon rectifier diode D2 of transformer T, the negative pole of silicon rectifier diode D2 connects the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor C2, and the secondary other end of transformer T and the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor C2 are with connection circuit ground GND.
3. the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action according to claim 1, the feature of one-way SCR control and circuits for triggering thereof is: be connected on an end of direct current relay K1 coil behind the anode series normally closed type push-button switch SB of one-way SCR VS, the negative pole of another termination silicon rectifier diode D2 of direct current relay K1 coil; Connect Schottky diode D1 negative pole behind the control utmost point serial connection potentiometer RP of one-way SCR VS, Schottky diode D1 is anodal with a fixed contact among the normally-closed contact K2-1 that meets A.C. contactor K2 and the end of sample resistance R1, the negative electrode of the other end of sample resistance R1 and one-way SCR VS is with the live wire end L ' that connects alternating current output, and the moving contact among the normally-closed contact K2-1 of A.C. contactor K2 meets civil power alternating current fire wire end L.
4. the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action according to claim 1, the feature of the action indicating circuit of fuse is: connect an end of direct current relay K1 coil behind the cathode series resistance R3 of light-emitting diode D3, the negative pole of light-emitting diode D3 connects the other end of direct current relay K1 coil.
5. the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action according to claim 1, the feature that prevents the fuse error actuating circuit is: the control utmost point of the anodal termination one-way SCR VS after in parallel with resistance R 2 of electrochemical capacitor C1, the other end connection circuit ground GND after electrochemical capacitor C1 negative pole and resistance R 2 are in parallel.
6. the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action according to claim 1, the feature of A.C. contactor control loop is: a termination civil power alternating current zero line side N of A.C. contactor K2 coil is connected on civil power alternating current fire wire end L behind the normally opened contact K1-1 of the other end serial connection direct current relay K1 of A.C. contactor K2 coil.
7. the alternating current electrical fuse of reliable in action according to claim 1 is characterized in that circuit ground GND links to each other with the live wire end L ' of alternating current output.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100699898A CN102110970A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Alternating current electronic fuse with reliable actions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100699898A CN102110970A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Alternating current electronic fuse with reliable actions |
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| CN102110970A true CN102110970A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100699898A Pending CN102110970A (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Alternating current electronic fuse with reliable actions |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102386611A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-03-21 | 朱虹 | Electric device power limiter |
| CN111383869A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 安波福电子(苏州)有限公司 | Novel fuse box with large current and fuse fusing early warning function |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5182547A (en) * | 1991-01-16 | 1993-01-26 | High Voltage Maintenance | Neutral wire current monitoring for three-phase four-wire power distribution system |
| CN2138355Y (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-07-14 | 沈骊天 | Current limiting protector for sensing signals on load resistance |
| CN201113378Y (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-09-10 | 东莞大朗金准电器厂 | Electronic current-limiting device |
| CN201956657U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-08-31 | 朱虹 | Alternating-current electronic fuse with reliable action |
-
2011
- 2011-03-23 CN CN2011100699898A patent/CN102110970A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5182547A (en) * | 1991-01-16 | 1993-01-26 | High Voltage Maintenance | Neutral wire current monitoring for three-phase four-wire power distribution system |
| CN2138355Y (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-07-14 | 沈骊天 | Current limiting protector for sensing signals on load resistance |
| CN201113378Y (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-09-10 | 东莞大朗金准电器厂 | Electronic current-limiting device |
| CN201956657U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-08-31 | 朱虹 | Alternating-current electronic fuse with reliable action |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张晓东: "交流电子"保险盒"", 《电子制作》, no. 9, 30 September 2006 (2006-09-30), pages 65 - 66 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102386611A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-03-21 | 朱虹 | Electric device power limiter |
| CN111383869A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 安波福电子(苏州)有限公司 | Novel fuse box with large current and fuse fusing early warning function |
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Effective date of registration: 20130930 Address after: 233000 Anhui Bengbu bengshan Wing Street No. 120 Applicant after: Huang Yong Address before: 94 box 1-3-401, 233000 Sports Road, Anhui, Bengbu Applicant before: Zhu Hong |
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Application publication date: 20110629 |