CN101976952A - Series resonance DC/DC converter of photovoltaic system - Google Patents
Series resonance DC/DC converter of photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101976952A CN101976952A CN2010105005041A CN201010500504A CN101976952A CN 101976952 A CN101976952 A CN 101976952A CN 2010105005041 A CN2010105005041 A CN 2010105005041A CN 201010500504 A CN201010500504 A CN 201010500504A CN 101976952 A CN101976952 A CN 101976952A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a series resonance DC/DC converter of a photovoltaic system, which comprises a single-pole converter (40), a series resonance circuit (50), a high-frequency isolation transformer (16) and a rapid uncontrollable rectifier (20), wherein the single-pole converter (40) is used for converting a direct voltage (26) of a photovoltaic array (10) into a single-pole pulse voltage; the series resonance circuit (50) is used for converting the single-pole pulse voltage into a sine voltage with a fixed frequency; the high-frequency isolation transformer (16) is used for boosting and isolating as well as protecting; and the rapid uncontrollable rectifier (20) is used for rectifying the high-frequency sine voltage into a stable direct current voltage (28). The converter (100) is only provided with two switching elements, has the advantages of simple control mode and no switching loss, and can be used for boosting and stabilizing the larger photovoltaic array so as to be convenient for synchronizing through a three-phase converter or charging a storage battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC/DC converter, specifically is that input voltage is transformable, high frequency, the DC/DC converter series resonance soft switch, that be used for photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
The DC/DC converter be a kind of be to use semiconductor switch device, cooperate devices such as inductance, capacitor, transformer, quick conducting by the control semiconductor switch device, turn-off the translation circuit control output dc voltage, its function is to satisfy system requirements, controlled direct voltage with unstable, uncontrollable dc voltage conversion.In photovoltaic generating system, violent because the photovoltaic array output voltage changes with conditions such as temperature and intensities of illumination, can't directly be connected and in three phase network, present electric energy with three-phase inverter.
In the present stage photovoltaic inversion system both domestic and external, the DC/DC converter is according to having or not isolating transformer, be divided into isolated form with non-isolation type.Wherein, isolated form DC/DC converter inserts the power frequency isolating transformer usually, this safety of structure height, big by the transformer amplitude of boosting, but also there are some shortcomings, Industrial Frequency Transformer heaviness, low-response, can't realize MPPT maximum power point tracking, and to the system of being limited in scope of input voltage.In other system of multikilowatt, can obtain higher input voltage by photovoltaic array, adopt the DC/DC converter of not isolating to replace the isolated form converter to become possibility.
Find by prior art documents, Xie Wentao, Zhang Dong, Lv Zhengyu " design of front end DC/DC converter in the photovoltaic generating system " (electromechanical engineering, rolled up for the 9th phase in 2007 the 24th, and p101-104) designed the front end DC/DC converter in a kind of photovoltaic generating system.This converter using Boost circuit topology not only can make output voltage raise, and satisfies the requirement of back level three-phase inverter, and can reach the efficient that arrives very much, satisfies the requirement of system to efficient.In addition, adopt the Boost circuit maximum power point of tracking photovoltaic array easily, realize load matched.But the amplitude of boosting of Boost circuit is limited, and when boosting significantly, the duty ratio of switching device is bigger, is difficult to the break-make of control switch device, and the voltage of output is easily unstable; Do not have isolating transformer between photovoltaic array and the three-phase inverter, both can interact, and make harmonic content height in the system, the stability that influence is incorporated into the power networks.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, propose a kind of series resonance DC/DC converter of isolated form.The output voltage that this converter can adapt to the photovoltaic array of broad changes, and employing high-frequency isolation transformer volume is little, response is fast, can realize quick MPPT maximum power point tracking.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: one pole converter, series resonant circuit, high-frequency isolation transformer and quick uncontrollable rectifier, wherein: the dc voltage conversion that the one pole converter is used for photovoltaic array is a unipolar pulse voltage; It is the sinusoidal voltage of fixed frequency that series resonant circuit is used for the unipolar pulse voltage transitions; High-frequency isolation transformer is used to boost and buffer action; It is that galvanic current is pressed that quick uncontrollable rectifier is used for the rectification of high frequency sinusoidal voltage, for three-phase inverter provides high-quality, stable DC bus-bar voltage.
Described one pole converter comprises 2 switching devices and 2 fast diodes, switching device respectively with the fast diode inverse parallel.By controlling two switching devices, the one pole converter is operated under 3 kinds of patterns, and controls the break-make of switching device, no switching loss when the resonance current zero crossing.3 kinds of patterns are respectively positive resonance, zero resonance and negative resonance, and positive resonance is that photovoltaic array injects electric energy to series resonant circuit, and the amplitude of resonance increases; Zero resonance is that photovoltaic array does not have influence to series resonant circuit, and the output voltage of one pole converter is zero; Negative resonance be series resonant circuit by fast diode feedback electric energy in photovoltaic array, regulate the power output of photovoltaic array.
Described series resonant circuit is made up of the leakage inductance of extra capacitor and high-frequency isolation transformer, if the leakage inductance deficiency of high-frequency isolation transformer, could outer coilloading.Condenser capacity and inductive capacity are determined its natural resonance frequency, and the switching device switching frequency in the one pole converter is a natural resonance frequency.
The three state model function time of one pole converter is half of natural resonance cycle, and the necessary alternation of three state can't appear in same state model continuously.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the first, adopt isolated form DC/DC converter, and safe; The second, isolating transformer is a high frequency transformer, and volume is little, response is fast, reaches the requirement that photovoltaic array is followed the tracks of maximum power point; Three, boost by transformer, the multiple that boosts can be very high, and the direct voltage quality height after the rectification, stable; Four, the one pole converter only needs 2 switching devices, and based on the control of series resonance soft switch, no switching loss, switching frequency can significantly improve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for according to one embodiment of present invention;
Fig. 2 is three kinds of operating states of one pole converter, the output voltage of 1-one pole converter, and the 2-resonance current, the positive resonance condition of I-, II-zero resonance condition, III-bears resonance condition;
Fig. 3 is the simulation result figure of DC/DC converter, the output voltage of 1-photovoltaic array, and the voltage of 2-DC/DC converter output, wherein elementary, the secondary winding turn ratio of transformer are 1: 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment has provided detailed execution mode and process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise according to embodiments of the invention: electric capacity of voltage regulation 8, one pole converter 40, series resonant circuit 50, high-frequency isolation transformer 16 and quick uncontrollable rectifier 20, wherein: electric capacity of voltage regulation 8 strengthens the stability of photovoltaic array output voltage; One pole converter 40 is used for the direct voltage 26 of photovoltaic array 10 is transformed to unipolar pulse voltage; It is the sinusoidal voltage of fixed frequency that series resonant circuit 50 is used for the unipolar pulse voltage transitions; High-frequency isolation transformer 16 is used to boost and buffer action; It is that galvanic current presses 28 that quick uncontrollable rectifier 20 is used for the rectification of high frequency sinusoidal voltage, for three-phase inverter 30 provides high-quality, stable DC bus-bar voltage.
As shown in Figure 2, one pole converter 40 is output as the voltage 26 of no-voltage or photovoltaic array, and the direction of the output voltage of one pole converter 40 and resonance current 24 has determined its 3 kinds of operating states.Resonance current 24 is timing, and the one pole converter can only be operated in positive resonance condition or zero resonance condition, during positive resonance condition, one pole converter 40 output photovoltaic array voltages 26, resonance current 24 and voltage 26 in the same way, switching device 2 conductings this moment, 6 are turn-offed; During zero resonance condition, one pole converter 40 no-output voltages, switching device 2 shutoffs this moment, 6 are turn-offed, and fast diode 36 automatic conductings form loops.When resonance current 24 is negative, the one pole converter can only be operated in negative resonance condition or zero resonance condition, when bearing resonance condition, one pole converter 40 output photovoltaic array voltages 26, resonance current 24 is reverse with voltage 26, series resonant circuit is feedback electric energy in photovoltaic array 10, and this moment, switching device 2 and 6 all turn-offed, and fast diode 32 automatic conductings form the loop; During zero resonance condition, one pole converter 40 no-output voltages, switching device 2 shutoffs this moment, 6 conductings.
Half that every kind of operating state duration of one pole converter 40 is the natural resonance cycle, because one pole converter 40 can only be exported unipolarity voltage, therefore same state can't two resonance half periods of continuous operation, must be that three state makes up mutually, alternately occurs.
Isolating transformer 16 is high frequency transformers, volume is less, response speed is fast, the quick uncontrollable rectifier 20 of high-frequency ac voltage process of output is stablized, high-quality voltage 28, as the DC bus-bar voltage of three-phase inverter 30, after three-phase inverter 30 modulation, present and the synchronous alternating current of line voltage same frequency to three phase network.This DC/DC converter can with output voltage 28 stable boost to higher multiple, therefore can be used for the three phase network of high pressure is presented electric energy.
As shown in Figure 3, the emulation legend of this DC/DC converter, high-frequency isolation transformer is elementary, the secondary winding turn ratio is 1: 1,16 of high frequency transformers are used for isolating, resonance frequency is according to the selection of capacitor and inductance, be set to 100kHz, so switching frequency is 100kHz, be 5us the action time of 3 kinds of operating states of one pole converter.See that from figure input voltage 26 instabilities fluctuate in extremely short time 0.5ms, this DC/DC converter can respond fast to fluctuation like this, and the influence that output voltage 28 is not changed by input voltage is stabilized in 500V.
The element tabulation
(2) switching device
(6) switching device
(8) capacitor
(10) photovoltaic array
(12) resonant capacitor
(14) resonant inductance
(16) high-frequency isolation transformer
(20) quick uncontrollable rectifier
(22) resonant capacitance voltage
(24) resonance current
(26) output voltage of photovoltaic array
(28) output voltage of DC/DC converter
(30) three-phase inverter
(32) fast diode
(36) fast diode
(40) one pole converter
(50) series resonant circuit
Claims (6)
1. a series resonance DC/DC converter (100), comprise: one pole converter (40), series resonant circuit (50), high-frequency isolation transformer (16) and quick uncontrollable rectifier (20), wherein: one pole converter (40) is used for the direct voltage (26) of photovoltaic array (10) is transformed to unipolar pulse voltage; It is the sinusoidal voltage of fixed frequency that series resonant circuit (50) is used for the unipolar pulse voltage transitions; High-frequency isolation transformer (16) is used to boost and the insulation blocking effect; It is that galvanic current is pressed (28) that quick uncontrollable rectifier (20) is used for the rectification of high frequency sinusoidal voltage.
2. series resonance DC/DC converter according to claim 1 (100), it is characterized in that, one pole converter (40) comprises switching device (2,6) and fast diode (32,36), fast diode (32) and switching device (2) inverse parallel, fast diode (36) and switching device (6) inverse parallel.
3. series resonance DC/DC converter according to claim 1 (100), it is characterized in that, direction according to resonance current (24), the voltage (26) of exportable no-voltage of one pole converter (40) or photovoltaic array (10), and 3 kinds of operating states are arranged, be respectively positive resonance, zero resonance and negative resonance, the operating time of each state is the series resonance half period, and same state can't occur continuously, and three state must alternation.
4. series resonance DC/DC converter according to claim 3 (100), it is characterized in that, resonance current (24) is timing, switching device (6) keeps turn-offing, converter (40) can only be operated in positive resonance condition or zero resonance condition, and switching device (2) conducting then is positive resonance condition, switching device (2) turn-offs, and it then is zero resonance condition that fast diode (36) conducting forms the loop.
5. series resonance DC/DC converter according to claim 3 (100), it is characterized in that, when resonance current (24) is negative, switching device (2) keeps turn-offing, and converter (40) can only be operated in negative resonance condition or zero resonance condition, switching device (6) conducting, it then is zero resonance condition, switching device (6) turn-offs, and fast diode (32) conducting forms the loop to the photovoltaic array feedback electric energy, then is negative resonance condition.
6. series resonance DC/DC converter according to claim 1 (100) is characterized in that, the break-make of control switching device when the zero crossing of resonance current (24), and switching frequency is the series resonance natural frequency.
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| CN2010105005041A CN101976952A (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2010-10-08 | Series resonance DC/DC converter of photovoltaic system |
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| CN2010105005041A CN101976952A (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2010-10-08 | Series resonance DC/DC converter of photovoltaic system |
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