CN101707439A - Multi-input Buck direct-current converter and control system thereof - Google Patents
Multi-input Buck direct-current converter and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101707439A CN101707439A CN200910234344A CN200910234344A CN101707439A CN 101707439 A CN101707439 A CN 101707439A CN 200910234344 A CN200910234344 A CN 200910234344A CN 200910234344 A CN200910234344 A CN 200910234344A CN 101707439 A CN101707439 A CN 101707439A
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- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-input Buck direct-current converter and a control system thereof. The multi-input Buck direct-current converter consists of a plurality of Buck units and an output filter, leads a plurality of input voltage sources to be connected in series by respective Buck unit, and supplies power to a load by a common output filter. The control system comprises n-1 input current closed loop circuit used for controlling input current of all input channel circuits, an output voltage closed loop circuit used for controlling output voltage and an inductive current closed loop circuit used for controlling inductive current. The invention can lead a plurality of input sources to supply power for the load simultaneously or separately, and the properties, the amplitudes and the characteristics of the input sources can be same and also can be different. The control system is switched to a working mode of voltage-current double closed loops from a single-voltage closed loop, and the dynamic performance of the system is improved; and simultaneously, the short-circuit protecting function is added, and the inductive current is limited under the condition of overloading, and even short circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-input Buck direct-current converter, belong to the technology category of Technics of Power Electronic Conversion.
Background technology
More serious, human when constantly researching and developing power-saving technology along with the depleted day by day and problem of environmental pollution of fossil energy also is being devoted to the development and utilization of new forms of energy.New forms of energy are for conventional energy resource, employing new technology and new material obtains, and the energy that system development utilizes on the new technology basis, it mainly comprises solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, Hydrogen Energy, water energy, geothermal energy, oceanic energy etc.Major part is a regenerative resource in the new forms of energy, and their resource potentials are big, can regenerate or depletion never, and also in use free from environmental pollution, be the important energy source that helps the harmony between man and nature development.
Though the development and use of new forms of energy are the effective measures that solve energy crisis and environmental pollution, it is bigger that most of new forms of energy are subjected to the weather conditions restriction, has supply of electric power instability, discontinuous shortcoming.Many experts propose to adopt the new forms of energy cogeneration to deal with the world energy sources crisis.The new forms of energy cogeneration be utilize between the various new forms of energy or new forms of energy and other energy between the electric power system formed of complementarity.
At the new forms of energy associating electric power system based on dc bus, for co-ordination, every kind of energy form all needs a DC/DC converter, and the electric energy that each energy is transformed becomes direct current output, is connected in parallel on the public dc bus.Converter in the traditional new forms of energy associating electric power system generally all is that the single output translator of single input can be that electrical isolation also can be electric non-isolation, the energy Flow direction can be unidirectional also can be two-way.Because every kind of energy form all needs a DC-DC converter, the structure of system is comparatively complicated, and cost is higher.In the low-power applications occasion, various energy distance is nearer relatively, can be with (the Multiple-Input Converter of input translator more than, MIC) replace a plurality of single input DC converter, as shown in Figure 1, can make circuit structure simpler, control more flexible.
MIC a kind ofly joins together a plurality of input sources to the converter of single electric, and its allows various energy resources input, and the character of input source, amplitude and characteristic can be identical, also can be different.In a switch periods, multiple input sources can power to the load respectively or simultaneously.
In recent years, scholar both domestic and external has proposed some MIC circuit topologies.
The voltage source that common a plurality of amplitude does not wait can not be directly in parallel.So the switching tube of a plurality of direct voltage sources by series connection is connected in parallel and can generates the MIC circuit topology.Because the clamp of voltage, this type of circuit topology can only time-sharing work, and one road voltage source that only allows in a flash promptly in office transmits energy to load.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention:
The present invention is directed to the application scenario of new forms of energy associating electric power system, provide a kind of new MIC circuit topology: multi-input Buck direct-current converter.It can combine multiple new forms of energy to single electric, constitutes new forms of energy associating electric power system, and simplified structure reduces the cost of system.
Technical scheme:
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
A kind of multi-input Buck direct-current converter comprises n input channel circuit, an output filter, and n is the natural number greater than 1; Wherein each input channel circuit comprises DC power supply, power switch pipe and fly-wheel diode, the positive pole of DC power supply connects the drain electrode of power switch pipe, the source electrode of power switch pipe connects the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode, the anode of fly-wheel diode connects the negative pole of DC power supply, and n input channel circuit is connected in series with fly-wheel diode; Output filter comprises output inductor L
f, output filter capacitor C
f, filter inductance L wherein
fAn end connect the first power switch pipe Q in the first input channel circuit respectively
1The source electrode and first sustained diode
1Negative electrode, filter inductance L
fThe other end connect output filter capacitor C respectively
fAn end, load R
LdAn end, output filter capacitor C
fThe other end respectively with n input channel circuit in the n sustained diode
nAnode and n DC power supply V
InnNegative pole, load R
LdThe other end connect.
The present invention also proposes a kind of control system of the present invention that is used to control, comprise that n-1 is used to control the input current closed loop circuit of each input channel circuit input current, an output voltage closed loop circuit that is used for control output voltage and an inductive current closed loop circuit composition that is used to control inductive current, n is the natural number greater than 1;
Wherein the input current closed loop circuit comprises that current regulator, PWM comparator and gate leve drive circuit are composed in series successively; The output voltage closed loop circuit comprises that voltage regulator, voltage pwm comparator and voltage gate leve drive circuit are composed in series successively; The inductive current closed loop circuit comprises an output current limiting adjuster composition;
Between each current closed-loop circuit, between n-1 current closed-loop circuit and the output voltage closed loop circuit, between output voltage closed loop circuit and the inductive current closed loop circuit, all adopt mode switch to connect with diode.
Beneficial effect:
1. in the multi-input direct current converter of the present invention, owing to have a plurality of input sources and corresponding switching tube, therefore can control a plurality of duty ratios, just have a plurality of control degrees of freedom, this just provides possibility for the energy management of multiple input sources.In other words, the control strategy of multi-input direct current converter need be realized two big functions:
(1) guarantees output voltage stabilization; (2) power division of a plurality of input sources of realization.Under the situation of given input voltage, control the input current of arbitrary input source, just be equivalent to control the input power of this input source.The present invention uses components and parts few, and is simple in structure; A plurality of input sources can also can power to the load respectively simultaneously.
2. control strategy proposed by the invention can preferentially utilize the higher input source of priority level, underloading power by the low one-level of priority input source provide, do not use back-up source as far as possible.And it is lighter in bearing power, when the input source of the low one-level of priority level will be deactivated, control system can switch to two closed loop mode of operation from the separate single voltage close loop automatically, promptly, the structure of outer voltage current inner loop, regulated output voltage, thus on the basis that does not increase the control system complexity, improve the dynamic response of system.This control system has also increased short-circuit protection function, under the situation of system overload even short circuit, and the restriction inductive current.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of multi-input Buck direct-current converter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a multi-input Buck direct-current converter control system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a dual input Buck DC converter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 is the equivalent electric circuit of the different switch mode of dual input Buck converter of the present invention.
The groundwork waveform of Fig. 8 dual input Buck of the present invention converter
Fig. 9 dual input Buck of the present invention converter control system block diagram
Figure 10 to Figure 15 is that the present invention adopts the new forms of energy of dual input DC converter to unite the schematic diagram of the various mode of operations of electric power system.
Symbol in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing: V
In1, V
In2... V
InInput voltage for each input source; I
In1, I
In2... I
InInput current for each input source; D
1, D
2... D
nBe fly-wheel diode; L
fBe output inductor, C
fBe output filter capacitor, R
LdIt is load; V
oAnd I
oBe respectively output voltage and output current; Input current, output voltage and the inductive current of 1#～n# input source.I
In1_ref, I
In2_ref... I
In (n-1) _ refBe respectively 1#, the input current reference value in 2#... (n-1) # source.D
C1, D
C2... D
C (n+1)Be the mode switch diode.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 1, the circuit diagram of multi-input Buck direct-current converter.
A kind of multi-input Buck direct-current converter comprises n input channel circuit, an output filter 4, and n is the natural number greater than 1; Wherein the input channel circuit comprises DC power supply, power switch pipe and fly-wheel diode, the positive pole of DC power supply connects the drain electrode of power switch pipe, the source electrode of power switch pipe connects the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode, the anode of fly-wheel diode connects the negative pole of DC power supply, and n input channel circuit is connected in series with fly-wheel diode; Output filter 4 comprises output inductor L
f, output filter capacitor C
f, filter inductance L wherein
fAn end connect the first power switch pipe Q in the first input channel circuit 1 respectively
1The source electrode and first sustained diode
1Negative electrode, filter inductance L
fThe other end connect output filter capacitor C respectively
fAn end, load R
LdAn end, output filter capacitor C
fThe other end respectively with n input channel circuit n in the n sustained diode
nAnode and N DC power supply V
InnNegative pole, load R
LdThe other end connect.
As shown in Figure 2, the control block diagram of multi-input Buck direct-current converter, comprise that n-1 is used to control the input current closed loop circuit of each input channel circuit input current, an output voltage closed loop circuit 11 that is used for control output voltage and inductive current closed loop circuit 13 compositions that are used to control inductive current, n is the natural number greater than 1;
Wherein the input current closed loop circuit comprises that current regulator, PWM comparator and gate leve drive circuit are composed in series successively; Output voltage closed loop circuit 11 comprises that voltage regulator, voltage pwm comparator and voltage gate leve drive circuit are composed in series successively; Inductive current closed loop circuit 13 comprises an output current limiting adjuster composition;
Between each current closed-loop circuit, between n-1 current closed-loop circuit and the output voltage closed loop circuit 11, between output voltage closed loop circuit 11 and the inductive current closed loop circuit 13, all adopt mode switch to connect with diode.
As shown in Figure 3, be the circuit diagram of dual input Buck DC converter of the present invention, the operation mode of concrete analysis circuit.V wherein
In1, V
In2And I
In1, I
In2Be respectively the input voltage and the input current of two input sources, V
oAnd I
oBe respectively output voltage and output current.Q
1, Q
2Be switching tube, D
1, D
2Be fly-wheel diode, L
fBe output inductor, C
fBe output filter capacitor, R
LdIt is load.With the dual input DC converter is example, supposes that the 1# input source is main power supply unit, and promptly the load power demand is provided by the 1# input source as far as possible, and deficit power is provided by the 2# source, therefore if power output less than the power that this moment, the 1# source can provide, the 2# source will be closed.In hydrogen-light complementary power supply system, need preferentially utilize the energy of solar cell, therefore can be with solar cell as main power supply unit (1# input source), fuel cell is reserve energy power supply unit (a 2# input source).It meets the requirement of regenerative resource power supply system to the preferential utilization of the energy.Regulate the maximum power output that 1# input source input current reference value can also realize solar cell, promptly realize MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT).
Here be example with identical switching frequency with opening constantly earlier, introduce its operation principle.According to the operating state of switching tube, in a switch periods, there are following four kinds of switch mode in converter.Fig. 4～Fig. 7 has provided the equivalent electric circuit of different switch mode.
(1) mode I: referring to Fig. 4, Q
1And Q
2Conducting simultaneously, AB point-to-point transmission voltage v
AB=V
In1+ V
In2, inductive current i
LfRise.
(2) mode II: referring to Fig. 5, Q
1Conducting, Q
2Turn-off v
AB=V
In1, if V
o＜V
In1, i
LfRise; If V
o＞V
In1, i
LfDescend.
(3) mode III: referring to Fig. 6, Q
1Turn-off Q
2Conducting, v
AB=V
In2, if V
o＜V
In2, i
LfRise; If V
o＞V
In2, i
LfDescend.
(4) mode IV: referring to Fig. 7, Q
1And Q
2Turn-off i simultaneously
LfBy diode D
1And D
2Afterflow, v
AB=0, i
LfDescend.
As the above analysis, circuit exists the two-way source to power simultaneously and the independently-powered two kinds of mode of operations in single channel source.Q
1, Q
2During conducting simultaneously, V
In1, V
In2Series connection powers to the load.V
In1When powering to the load separately, D
2All the time conducting, V
In1, Q
1, D
1, L
f, C
fAnd R
LdBe equivalent to a Buck converter; V
In2When powering to the load separately, D
1All the time conducting, V
In2, Q
2, D
2, L
f, C
fAnd R
LdAlso be equivalent to a Buck converter.
Figure 8 shows that V
In1＞V
o, V
In2＞V
oAnd Q
1, Q
2The groundwork waveform of converter when opening simultaneously.Suppose Q
1Duty ratio greater than Q
2Duty ratio, at a switch periods T
sIn, the circuit working sequential is I, II, IV mode.As can be seen from the figure, the voltage in the circuit between 2 of the AB is two Buck unit output square-wave voltage sums, allows two input source (V
In1And V
In2) power to the load simultaneously.
Along with the variation of input source and load, multi-input direct current converter may be operated in n provenance working condition simultaneously, and this kind mode of operation has C
n nKind, may be operated in (n-1) provenance working condition simultaneously, this kind mode of operation has C
n N-1Kind, may be operated in single channel source working condition, this kind mode of operation has C
n 1Kind.Therefore, multi-input direct current converter may be operated in (2 altogether
n-1) planting mode of operation, is example with the dual input equally, introduces the working condition of control circuit under the various mode of operations in detail.
The control system block diagram of dual input Buck DC converter can be reduced to Fig. 9, has six kinds of mode of operations, and is as shown in table 1.
The mode of operation of table 1 circuit
| The two-way source powers simultaneously | The 1# source powers separately | The 2# source powers separately | |
| Constant voltage | Pattern I | Pattern II | Pattern III |
| Current limliting | Pattern IV | Pattern V | Pattern VI |
As shown in figure 10, be mode of operation I: under normal operation, load current is less than output-current rating, i.e. power output P
oLimit power less than load, restrictor ring output saturation value, diode D
C2End, enter the constant voltage mode of operation.Work as P
o〉=P
In1_refThe time, 1# source power output is P
In1, the load dump power is provided by the 2# source.This moment voltage regulator output V
eFor on the occasion of, diode D
C1End, voltage regulator and current regulator work alone.The input current that current regulator is used to control the 1# source remains on I
In1_ref, voltage regulator is used to regulate output voltage, and the control block diagram is as shown in figure 10.
As shown in figure 11, be mode of operation II: work as P
o＜P
In1_refThe time, if keep I
In1_refConstant, then the power of 1# source output causes output voltage to raise greater than bearing power.At this moment the output V of voltage regulator
eTo be negative value, make Q
2Turn-off, make diode D simultaneously
C1Conducting, the output V of voltage regulator
eMake I as adjusting signal
In1_refReduce, promptly reduce input current.This moment, voltage regulator and current regulator were formed two closed loops, and Voltage loop is an outer shroud, and electric current loop is interior ring, regulates Q
1Duty ratio make output voltage stabilization, control block diagram as shown in figure 11.
As shown in figure 12, be mode of operation III: if the 1# source can not power output, directly on-off switching tube Q
1, power to the load voltage regulator control this moment Q separately by the 2# source
2Duty ratio guarantees output voltage stabilization.The control block diagram as shown in figure 12.
As shown in figure 13, be mode of operation IV: when load current greater than rated current, i.e. power output P
oWhen limiting power greater than load, Voltage loop output saturation value, diode D
C2Conducting enters the current limliting mode of operation.Current limiting regulator will replace voltage regulator work, if load resistance is bigger, i.e. and P
o〉=P
In1_ref, 1# source power output is P
In1, the load dump power will be provided by the 2# input source; This moment voltage regulator output V
eFor on the occasion of, diode D
C1End, current limiting regulator and current regulator work alone.The input current that current regulator is used to control the 1# source remains on I
In1_ref, it is I that current limiting regulator is used to regulate inductive current
Lf_ref, the control block diagram as shown in figure 13.
As shown in figure 14, be mode of operation V: continue to reduce load resistance, that is, and P
o＜P
In1_refIf keep I
In1_refConstant, then the power of 1# source output causes the inductive current value to raise greater than bearing power.At this moment the output of current limiting regulator will be negative value, make Q
2Turn-off, make diode D simultaneously
C1Conducting, the output V of voltage regulator
eMake I as adjusting signal
In1_refReduce, promptly reduce input current.This moment, current limiting regulator and current regulator were formed two closed loops, and restrictor ring is an outer shroud, and electric current loop is interior ring, regulates Q
1Duty ratio make inductive current stable, the control block diagram is as shown in figure 14.
As shown in figure 15, be mode of operation VI: if the 1# source can not power output, directly on-off switching tube Q
1, power to the load current limiting regulator control this moment Q separately by the 2# source
2Duty ratio restriction inductive current overrate.The control block diagram as shown in figure 15.
Instantiation of the present invention is as follows, and its Specifeca tion speeification is as follows:
● 1# source input voltage: V
In1=120V;
● 2# source input voltage: V
In2=160V;
● output voltage: V
o=100V;
● rated power: P
o=400W;
● 1# source input current reference value: I
In1_ref=1.67A, i.e. P
In1_ref=200W;
● power tube: IRF840 (U
DSS=500V, R
DS (on)=85m Ω, I
D=8A@25 ℃, 5.4A@100 ℃)
● diode: MBR20200CT (V
RRM=200V, I
F=20A@125 ℃, Trr=16ns～28ns, V
F=0.8V).
● output inductor: L
f=730 μ H;
● output filter capacitor: C
f=470 μ F/220V;
● switching frequency: f
s=100kHz.
As seen from the above description, the multi-input Buck converter of the present invention's proposition has following advantage:
1. the multi-input Buck converter has that circuit structure is simple, flexible, the multiple input source of control both can power to the load simultaneously, and advantage such as also can independently power to the load;
2. the control strategy of this converter has been proposed, can be preferential utilize the high input source of priority;
3. proposed control strategy, under the underloading mode of operation, the dynamic property of system is improved;
In this control system, increased short-circuit protection function, under the situation of overload even short circuit, the restriction inductive current.
Claims (2)
1. multi-input Buck direct-current converter, it is characterized in that: comprise n input channel circuit, an output filter (4), n is the natural number greater than 1; Wherein each input channel circuit comprises DC power supply, power switch pipe and fly-wheel diode, the positive pole of DC power supply connects the drain electrode of power switch pipe, the source electrode of power switch pipe connects the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode, the anode of fly-wheel diode connects the negative pole of DC power supply, and n input channel circuit is connected in series with fly-wheel diode; Output filter (4) comprises output inductor L
f, output filter capacitor C
f, filter inductance L wherein
fAn end connect the first power switch pipe Q in the first input channel circuit (1) respectively
1The source electrode and first sustained diode
1Negative electrode, filter inductance L
fThe other end connect output filter capacitor C respectively
fAn end, load R
LdAn end, output filter capacitor C
fThe other end respectively with n input channel circuit (n) in the n sustained diode
nAnode and n DC power supply V
InnNegative pole, load R
LdThe other end connect.
2. control system that is used to control the described multi-input Buck direct-current converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise that n-1 is used to control the input current closed loop circuit of each input channel circuit input current, output voltage closed loop circuit (11) and inductive current closed loop circuit (13) composition that is used to control inductive current that is used for control output voltage, n is the natural number greater than 1;
Wherein the input current closed loop circuit comprises that current regulator, PWM comparator and gate leve drive circuit are composed in series successively; Output voltage closed loop circuit (11) comprises that voltage regulator, voltage pwm comparator and voltage gate leve drive circuit are composed in series successively; Inductive current closed loop circuit (13) comprises an output current limiting adjuster composition;
Wherein between each current closed-loop circuit, between n-1 current closed-loop circuit and the output voltage closed loop circuit (11), between output voltage closed loop circuit (11) and the inductive current closed loop circuit (13), all adopt mode switch to connect with diode.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910234344A CN101707439A (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2009-11-24 | Multi-input Buck direct-current converter and control system thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910234344A CN101707439A (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2009-11-24 | Multi-input Buck direct-current converter and control system thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102185479A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-09-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | One-cycle control circuit and control method thereof for double-input Buck converter |
| CN102611304A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-07-25 | 江苏大学 | Novel dual-input Buck-Boost DC converter |
| CN104218793A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-17 | 天津世冠自动化科技有限公司 | Novel multi-source input double-way direct current/direct current (DC/DC) converter |
| TWI489722B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2015-06-21 | ||
| CN105186867A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-23 | 湘潭大学 | Control method based on multi-input direct current converter switch state of state machine |
| CN105553319A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 燕山大学 | Single-stage non-isolated Buck-Boost three-phase photovoltaic inverter and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102185479A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-09-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | One-cycle control circuit and control method thereof for double-input Buck converter |
| CN102185479B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2013-02-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | One-cycle control circuit and control method thereof for double-input Buck converter |
| CN102611304A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-07-25 | 江苏大学 | Novel dual-input Buck-Boost DC converter |
| TWI489722B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2015-06-21 | ||
| CN104218793A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-17 | 天津世冠自动化科技有限公司 | Novel multi-source input double-way direct current/direct current (DC/DC) converter |
| CN105186867B (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2018-06-01 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of control method based on state machine multi-input direct current converter on off state |
| CN105186867A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-23 | 湘潭大学 | Control method based on multi-input direct current converter switch state of state machine |
| CN105553319A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 燕山大学 | Single-stage non-isolated Buck-Boost three-phase photovoltaic inverter and control method thereof |
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| CN107959435A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-04-24 | 青岛大学 | Power supply flyback cycle changing type single-stage multi input inverter while band energy storage device |
| CN112865197A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-05-28 | 漳州科华技术有限责任公司 | Input source power distribution control method and device and multi-source power supply system |
| CN113890339A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-04 | 三峡大学 | Multi-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Buck-boost DC-DC converter |
| CN113890339B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-10-27 | 三峡大学 | Multi-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Buck-boost DC-DC converter |
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